This thesis presents results of research aimed at developing an improved understanding of the behavior of column panel zones reinforced with doubler plates in seismic resistant steel moment frames. A primary goal of the research was to develop data to support the development of improved design guidelines for welding doubler plates to columns, with and without the presence of continuity plates. The research addressed several issues and questions related to welding and detailing of doubler plates. This included evaluation of the effects of welding the top and bottom of the doubler plate in addition to the vertical edges, the effects of extending the doubler plate beyond the panel zone, and the impact of welding a continuity plate to a doubler plate. These issues were investigated through detailed finite element models of a simplified representation of the panel zone region, subjected to monotonic loading. The results of the research suggest that, in general, there is little benefit in welding the top and bottom edges of a doubler plate if the vertical edges are welded, particularly in terms of overall panel zone strength and stiffness. However, the top and bottom welds provide some benefit in reducing stresses on the vertical welds. The results also suggest that extending the doubler plate above and below the panel zone has little benefit for heavy columns of shallow depth, such as the W14x398 considered in this analysis. However, extending the doubler plate did result in approximately a 10-percent increase in panel zone strength for deeper columns, such as the W40x264 considered in this analysis. Finally, the results showed that welding a continuity plate directly to a doubler plate had no adverse effects on the doubler plate in terms of increased forces or stresses. Interestingly, welding the continuity plate to the doubler plate simply changed the load path for transfer of load from the beam flange to the column web and doubler plate, but did not change the stresses in the doubler plate. Further research is needed to validate these findings for more accurate representations of the panel zone region of the column and for cyclic loading. / text

To design with a changing ecosystem requires examining and understanding site dynamics, extracting guidelines for making architectural decisions and defi ning processes that allow for change. Sable Island National Park is an ideal case study to test this method because its simple and dynamic ecosystem defi nes clear guidelines and requirements for adaptation. The proposed National Park infrastructure remodels human interaction with Sable Island by replacing and remediating existing settlements. Designed to be sensitive to and participate in the island’s natural processes, the new architecture protects the delicate ecosystem and facilitates low impact visitation. The systems, spaces and experiences serve to deepen understanding of human interdependence with the environment. / The thesis is a architectural case study for designing with dynamic ecosystems. To test a methodology for designing in dynamic ecosystems, a National Park infrastructure is designed for Sable Island, Canada. The exercise requires learning from the dynamic ecosystem, extracting guidelines for making design choices and developing designs with the capacity to adapt to their surroundings.

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In the earlier stages of globalization, global chain hotel design did not have specific concerns about local culture and host country. In the last two decades, these hotels became more respectful towards the local culture by integrating local cultural elements and construction techniques in their design. The reasons for this shift is directly linked with globalization, increased competition between cities, fierce competition between urban hotels, and changing demands of the global travelers.Among the hotels integrating local cultural values, there is a specific niche that has established their businesses in historical landmark buildings. This thesis will demonstrate the presence of this specific hotel niche through case studies conducted in London and Istanbul. It will examine how the integration of local cultural values may improve the competiveness of global chain hotels. The focus will be on integration of historic cultural values. / Department of Architecture

This thesis examines the history, written sources and physical aspects of the citadel at Ankara with respect to building materials, masonry styles, design and topography. The distribution of different types of building materials in selected areas are analyzed and documented by using modern methods.

No description available.

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Les images et données volumiques sont devenues importantes dans notre vie quotidienne que ce soit sur le plan artistique, culturel, ou scientifique. Les données volumiques ont un intérêt important dans l'imagerie médicale, l'ingénierie, et l'analyse du patrimoine culturel. Ils sont créées en utilisant la reconstruction tomographique, une technique qui combine une large série de scans 2D capturés de plusieur points de vue. Chaque scan 2D est obtenu par des methodes de rayonnement : Rayons X pour les scanners CT, ondes radiofréquences pour les IRM, annihilation électron-positron pour les PET scans, etc. L'acquisition des images et données volumique est influencée par le bruit provoqué par différents facteurs. Le bruit dans les images peut être causée par un manque d'éclairage, des défauts électroniques, faible dose de rayonnement, et un mauvais positionnement de l'outil ou de l'objet. Le bruit dans les données volumique peut aussi provenir d'une variété de sources : le nombre limité de points de vue, le manque de sensibilité dans les capteurs, des contrastes élevé, les algorithmes de reconstruction employés, etc. L'acquisition de données non bruitée est iréalisable. Alors, il est souhaitable de réduire ou d'éliminer le bruit le plus tôt possible dans le pipeline. La suppression du bruit tout en préservant les caractéristiques fortes d'une image ou d'un objet volumique reste une tâche difficile. Nous proposons une méthode multi-échelle pour lisser des images 2D et des données tomographiques 3D tout en préservant les caractéristiques à l'échelle spécifiée. Notre algorithme est contrôlé par un seul paramètre – la taille des caractéristiques qui doivent être préservées. Toute variation qui est plus petite que l'échelle spécifiée est traitée comme bruit et lissée, tandis que les discontinuités telles que des coins, des bords et des détails à plus grande échelle sont conservés. Nous démontrons les données lissées produites par notre algorithme permettent d'obtenir des images nettes et des iso-surfaces plus propres. Nous comparons nos résultats avec ceux des methodes précédentes. Notre méthode est inspirée par la diffusion anisotrope. Nous calculons nos tenseurs de diffusion à partir des histogrammes continues locaux de gradients autour de chaque pixel dans les images et autour de chaque voxel dans des volumes. Comme notre méthode de lissage fonctionne entièrement sur GPU, il est extrêmement rapide. / Two-dimensional images and three-dimensional volumes have become a staple ingredient of our artistic, cultural, and scientific appetite. Images capture and immortalize an instance such as natural scenes, through a photograph camera. Moreover, they can capture details inside biological subjects through the use of CT (computer tomography) scans, X-Rays, ultrasound, etc. Three-dimensional volumes of objects are also of high interest in medical imaging, engineering, and analyzing cultural heritage. They are produced using tomographic reconstruction, a technique that combine a large series of 2D scans captured from multiple views. Typically, penetrative radiation is used to obtain each 2D scan: X-Rays for CT scans, radio-frequency waves for MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), electron-positron annihilation for PET scans, etc. Unfortunately, their acquisition is influenced by noise caused by different factors. Noise in two-dimensional images could be caused by low-light illumination, electronic defects, low-dose of radiation, and a mispositioning tool or object. Noise in three-dimensional volumes also come from a variety of sources: the limited number of views, lack of captor sensitivity, high contrasts, the reconstruction algorithms, etc. The constraint that data acquisition be noiseless is unrealistic. It is desirable to reduce, or eliminate, noise at the earliest stage in the application. However, removing noise while preserving the sharp features of an image or volume object remains a challenging task. We propose a multi-scale method to smooth 2D images and 3D tomographic data while preserving features at a specified scale. Our algorithm is controlled using a single user parameter – the minimum scale of features to be preserved. Any variation that is smaller than the specified scale is treated as noise and smoothed, while discontinuities such as corners, edges and detail at a larger scale are preserved. We demonstrate that our smoothed data produces clean images and clean contour surfaces of volumes using standard surface-extraction algorithms. In addition to, we compare our results with results of previous approaches. Our method is inspired by anisotropic diffusion. We compute our diffusion tensors from the local continuous histograms of gradients around each pixel in image

What kind of software documentation a systems needs and how much documentation that is necessary are questions that has a lot of different answers depending on a number of variables. Traditional software development methodologies claims that software needs a lot of documentation and more agile approaches claims that it is better to write less documentation since most documentation is never used. According to studies a ratio of 11% of software projects costs are spent on documentation alone. The purpose of this study is to create a cost efficient software documentation strategy for an existing web system with a focus on deciding what information are relevant to document in order to keep a high ROI. This study was conducted as a single case study and made in collaboration with a company. The data collection was done by interviewing key people working in the system and doing participants observations. The result shows that information documented in a high level is what is most needed. Artifacts relevant to document are the source code, requirements of updates, functional tests, high-level architecture, reference manual and an end-user manual. The result also shows that new processes need to be implemented for the documentation strategy to be efficient. Recommendation for further research is to create a method of how to calculate the ROI for software documentation based on a number of organizational variables. / <p>Validerat; 20160615 (global_studentproject_submitter)</p>