• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 100
  • 10
  • 9
  • 5
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 133
  • 133
  • 133
  • 85
  • 62
  • 61
  • 53
  • 44
  • 38
  • 32
  • 30
  • 29
  • 28
  • 23
  • 21
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Beta cell differentiation status in Type 2 Diabetes

Jeffery, N. January 2019 (has links)
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) affects over 415 million people globally and is characterised by cellular stresses including: poor glucose homeostasis, dyslipidaemia, inflammation, hypoxia and ER stress. Studies in mice have shown that exposure to these stresses influences beta cell differentiation status as well as cell survival and may explain the extent of beta cell mass loss that is seen in the disease. To date, studies of altered beta cell differentiation have largely been confined to murine models. I used the EndoC-bH1 human beta cell line, along with human pancreatic tissue sections, to better characterise this mechanism in human disease. To elucidate these mechanisms, I firstly established a humanised version of cell culture techniques for the EndoC βH1 cell model and assessed the influence on cell function. Secondly, I evaluated the effects of the diabetic microenvironment on beta cell differentiation and gene expression patterns. Finally, I investigated whether a diabetomimetic microenvironment induced differences in microRNA regulation in the cells. I found that the humanised EndoC-βH1 culture techniques improved glucose sensitive insulin release in the cell model. EndoC-βH1 cells exposed to a Diabetic microenvironment showed some degree of transdifferentiation and this may be due to dysregulation of splicing factor expression. These effects may be compounded by altered microRNA regulation in response to these cell stresses. These data suggest that altered gene regulation caused by a diabetic microenvironment may alter gene regulation to produce a reversible delta-like phenotype in human beta cells.
22

Diabetes in Kuwait : current patients' experiences of their medical treatment(s), with emphasis on renal complications, as compared with worldwide guidelines

Buhajeeh, Eman A. A. January 2015 (has links)
Introduction: The studies reported in this thesis investigated a number of patient orientated aspects of its current diagnosis, management and treatment in Kuwait. A comprehensive literature survey is presented with a detailed critical analysis of the very limited number of published material relevant to type 2 diabetes in Kuwait is also provided. A concise list of aims and objectives is also provided. Methodology: The methodology used to derive knowledge of the present situation from the patient perspective, was a series of relevant questions, devised based on the internationally used diabetes Michigan questionnaire. Face to face interviews were used throughout for both patients and medical staff. Suitable data analysis was performed. Results: A pilot study consulted 10 Kuwaiti and 10 non-Kuwaiti patients, and after analysis of their data it was found to be reliable, appropriate and capable of being analysed and so was extended to a larger study of 109 diabetic patients. These 109 diabetic patients were studied in thirteen clinics distributed throughout Kuwait. Two groups of patients were studied – Kuwaiti nationals and non-Kuwaitis both of whom were treated at these clinics during their residency in Kuwait. 38 questions were asked including demographics, medical treatment, monitoring of their disease, physiological consequences and dietary aspects. The major findings were that patients considered two major areas could be improved to enhance the treatment of their disease. The first was to improve the degree of empathy shown to them by the medical/nursing staff and secondly to provide simple practical advice on exercise, dietary considerations and renal aspects of their disease. More comprehensive findings are presented in the thesis but many of these were minor compared with these two major aspects. Also presented are interviews with the medical staff in Kuwait who treat diabetic patients and the problems they face when treating their disease. The opinions and views of selected ophthalmologists and renal specialists are also presented. Medical views were also sought in the UK- Ascot Rehabilitation above their experiences treating diabetic patients from Kuwait. Another aspect of the study was to interview Kuwaiti nationals who had been sent to a clinic in Ascot, UK for the treatment of the serious consequences of their conditions. Many of these were had type 2 diabetes and their views and perspectives of their treatment in Kuwait were gathered as being representative of the long term treatment of this condition. Discussions and Conclusions: The thesis discusses in some detail all the results which were obtained and concludes with a series of recommendations which could be taken to improve the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Kuwait.
23

Personers erfarenheter av att leva med diabetes mellitus typ 2 / Persons' experiences of living with diabetes mellitus type 2

Yngvesdotter Kaldemark, Anna, Verdrengh, Linnea January 2019 (has links)
Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a chronic disease which increased in many countries and is rated as a threat to the public health. In order to be able to handle the disease and prevent severe complications or even death, the person affected with diabetes mellitus type 2 should gather knowledge about the disease and take on great responsibility for proper treatment. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe persons' experience of living with diabetes mellitus type 2. Method: The method used was a literature study based on qualitative research. The articles were analysed according to Friberg (2017) five step model and resulted in three themes and eight subthemes. Results: The themes were The importance of culture, Self-management and Participation in care. The theme The importance of culture described how religion and culture could affect the persons' choice of food and the ways they managed their disease under religious celebrations such as Ramadan. The theme Self-management described the obstacles they could face with their disease, such as medication and how they could manage to control it. The theme Participation in care described different obstacles in health care such as language, culture and lack of insight into the disease. Conclusion: One of the most important parts in self-managing diabetes mellitus type 2 was that the persons should realize they suffered from a chronic disease and that they had to change their lifestyles in order to prevent complications related to the disease. / Diabetes mellitus typ 2 har ökat under de senaste decennium att sjukdomen ses som en epidemi. Sjuksköterskan möter svårigheter i att finna motivation till livsstilsförändringar hos personer som har sjukdomen. Som sjuksköterska är en betydelsefull del i vårdandet av personen med diabetes mellitus typ 2 att ta del av personens resurser för att finna personens förmåga till att sköta sin sjukdom. För personen med sjukdomen är det av stor vikt att inse att diabetes mellitus typ 2 är en kronisk och progressiv sjukdom som kräver åtgärder och skötsel, då komplikationerna till sjukdomen kan vara allvarliga och i värsta fall leda till döden. I en globaliserad värld är det angeläget för sjuksköterskan att ha förståelse för hur kultur och religion spelar in i vissa personers liv och hur det kan påverka synen på sjukdom, egenvård och läkemedel. Den förståelsen kan förbättras genom att sjuksköterskan får en bredare kompetens inom kultur och religion samt hur dessa två faktorer påverkar samhällslivet. Sjuksköterskan ska också ha ett öppet förhållningssätt gentemot personer med en annan religiös åskådning och med andra socioekonomiska förutsättningar än den som sjuksköterskan själv har.
24

Vuxna personers upplevelser av att leva med diabetes typ 2 : En litteraturöversikt / Adult persons´ experiences of living with diabetes type 2 : A literature review

Carlson, Åsa, Söderström, Monica January 2018 (has links)
Bakgrund: Diabetes mellitus kommer att vara den sjunde ledande dödsorsaken år 2030 och i dagsläget lever omkring 422 miljoner vuxna i världen med diabetes. Den vanligaste formen är diabetes typ 2 och risken att utveckla allvarliga komplikationer är hög. Eftersom livsstilsförändringar är en central del av behandlingen läggs stor vikt vid patientens förmåga till egenvård. Sjuksköterskans ansvar är att ge god omvårdnad, vilket innebär att samla in information gällande patientens behov samt stärka patientens egenvårdsförmåga. Syfte : Att beskriva vuxna personers upplevelser av att leva med diabetes typ 2. Metod: En litteraturöversikt där 16 artiklar med kvalitativ ansats har granskats, analyserats och sammanställts. Resultat: Personernas upplevelse av diabetes typ 2 har sammanställts i tre huvudkategorier med tillhörande underkategorier. De emotionella aspekterna av sjukdomen var starkt framträdande och många upplevde svårigheter med att anpassa sig till en ny livsstil. Även relationer påverkades och stödet från omgivningen var viktigt. Slutsats: Att leva med diabetes typ 2 är förknippat med emotionella upplevelser och att göra livsstilsförändringar är för många en kamp. Stödet från närstående är viktigt och det är även av stor betydelse att läkare och sjuksköterskor ger individuell feedback, information och stöd i egenvården. / Background: Diabetes mellitus will be the seventh leading cause of death in 2030 and 422 million adults in the world are currently living with diabetes. Type 2 diabetes account for the vast majority of people affected with the disease. Diabetes can result in a variety of serious complications. Making lifestyle changes is a central part of the treatment and the patient’s ability to self-manage the disease is therefore emphasised. Nurses are responsible for providing high quality nursing care, and this includes collecting information about the patient and strengthening the patient’s ability for self-care. Aim: To describe adult persons’ experiences of living with diabetes type 2. Method: A literature review of 16 qualitative articles, which were critically reviewed, analyzed and compiled. Result: The persons’ experiences are presented in three main categories with associated subcategories. The emotional aspects of living with diabetes were prominent and many had difficulties adapting to a new lifestyle. Relationships were affected and social support was seen as important. Conclusion: Living with diabetes can cause emotional reactions and making lifestyle changes is a struggle for many. The social support from family and friends is important and receiving feedback, information and support from doctors and nurses regarding self-care is also of great importance.
25

Faktorer som kan påverka patienters följsamhet av egenvård vid diabetes typ 2 : En litteraturöversikt / Factors that can affect patient adherence of self-care with type 2 diabetes : A literature review

Johansson, Michaela, Larsson, Mattias January 2019 (has links)
Bakgrund: Patienter kan med hjälp av sin egenvård minska risken för ytterligare komplikationer från sin typ 2 diabetessjukdom såsom följdsjukdomar. Diabetes typ 2 är ett mycket stort problem för samhället där det fortfarande finns stora vinster att göra för patienten och för hälso- och sjukvården. Om fler patienter sköter sin egenvård skulle dessa problem minska och sjukdom samt lidande av diabetes typ 2 minskas. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva möjliga faktorer som kan påverka patientens följsamhet till egenvård vid diabetes typ 2 Frågeställning: På vilket sätt kan sjuksköterskan påverka patientens följsamhet till egenvård? Metod : Examensarbetet är en litteraturöversikt. Litteratursökning har skett via de vetenskapliga databaserna Pubmed och Cinahl där artiklar har hög kvalitet och med ett etiskt korrekt innehåll valts. Resultat: Resultatet visar främst att patienternas kunskap om diabetes typ 2 påverkar följsamhet av egenvård i stor grad. Även egenvårdsstöd var en viktig faktor som verkar skydda mot bristfällig följsamhet av egenvård vid diabetes typ 2. Andra faktorer som framkommer är duration, motivation, kön och arv, psykiska faktorer och livsstil. Sjuksköterskan visas på flera olika sätt kunna vara till god hjälp för patienten för att uppfylla skötsamhet till egenvård. Slutsats: Kunskap, utbildning och egenvårdsstöd är av vikt för patienter med diabetes typ 2 för att minimera de faktorer som påverkar följsamheten negativt vid sjukdomen. Resultaten visar exempel på områden som sjuksköterskan bör ha kunskap om och där han eller hon kan stödja patienter i processen till god följsamhet i sin egenvård. Vidare forskning behövs inom detta område för att ytterligare stärka patientens egenvård. / Background: Patients can reduce their risk of further complications from their type 2 diabetes disease, such as sequelae, by their self-care. This is linked to current legislation and a self-care theory by Orem. It is further described that type 2 diabetes is a very big problem for society, where there are still great benefits to get for the patient and for the health and medical care. If more patients take care of their self-care, these problems will decrease and the disease and suffering of type 2 diabetes will be reduced. Aim: To describe factors that can affect the patient's adherence to self-care in type 2 diabetes. Question formulation: In what way can the nurse influence the patient's adherence to self-care? Method: The graduate thesis is a literature review. Literature search has been done via the scientific databases Pubmed and Cinahl where articles are of high quality and with an ethically correct content chosen. Result: The result shows that the patient’s knowledge of type 2 diabetes greatly affects adherence to self-care. Self-care support was an important factor that seems to protect against poor adherence to self-care in type 2 diabetes. Other factors that arise are duration, motivation, gender and inheritance, mental factors and lifestyle. The nurse is shown in several different ways to be able to help the patient well in order to fulfill care for self-care. Conclusion: Knowledge, education and self-care support are important for patients with type 2 diabetes to minimize the factors that negatively affect the adhesion of the disease. The results show examples of areas that the nurse should have knowledge of and where he or she can support patients in the process to good compliance in their self-care. Further research is needed in this area to further strengthen the patient's self-care.
26

Diabetes typ 2 - Tonåringars upplevelser av sjukdomen / Diabetes type 2 - Adolescents' experiences of living with the disease

Folke, Linnea, Geszti, Josefina January 2019 (has links)
Bakgrund: Diabetes mellitus typ 2 är en sjukdom där antalet individer med sjukdomen ständigt ökar. Allt fler tonåringar drabbas av sjukdomen oftast till följd av övervikt med inslag av hereditet och etnicitet. Orsaker till diabetes typ 2 är förknippat med riskfaktorer i relation till ohälsosamma levnadsvanor.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva tonåringars upplevelser av diabetes typ 2.Metod: Metoden är en kvalitativ litteraturöversikt med 7 vetenskapliga artiklar.Resultat: I resultatet framgår det att tonåringar med diabetes typ 2 upplever svårigheter med anpassningen till nya vanor efter sjukdomsdebuten. Livsstilsförändringar genomförs i form av ändrade kost- och motionsvanor vilket påverkas av hinder eller möjligheter. Tonåringarna upplever oförståelse från vården och önskar bättre stöd från vårdpersonal. De upplever rädsla och oro över att berätta om sjukdomen för vännerna. Behovet av stöd från både vänner och familj är betydelsefullt. Konklusion: Tonåringar med diabetes typ 2 kämpar med att upprätthålla en god livsstil som krävs för att hålla sjukdomen under kontroll. Rädslan för att vara annorlunda speglar svårigheterna tonåringarna upplever. Tonåringarna behöver stöd och uppmuntran för att upprätthålla hälsosamma vanor samt ett gott välbefinnande. / Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a disease where the number of individuals with the condition is constantly increasing. Adolescents are affected by the disease as a result of being overweight with featuring elements of heredity and ethnicity. Reasons for diabetes type 2 are associated with risk factors regarding unhealthy living habits.Aim: The purpose is to describe adolescents’ experiences of living with diabetes type 2.Method: The method is a qualitative literature review including 7 scientific articles.Results: Adolescents with diabetes type 2 find it difficult to adapt to new habits after the onset of illness. Lifestyle changes are implemented in the form of changed diet- and exercise habits, which are affected by various obstacles or opportunities. The adolescents experience a lack of understanding from health care professionals and wish for more support. Adolescents experience fear and concern about telling their friends about the illness. The need for support from both friends and family is significant.Conclusion: Adolescents with diabetes type 2 struggle to maintain a healthy lifestyle that is required to keep the illness under control. The fear of being different reflects the difficulties the adolescents’ experience. Adolescents need support and encouragement to maintain healthy habits as well as their well-being.
27

Upplevelsen av vårdkvalitet hos patienter med diabetes typ 2 / The experience of quality of care in patients with diabetes type 2

Pramborn, Anders January 2008 (has links)
<p>SAMMANFATTNING I Sverige räknas diabetes som en av de allra största folksjukdomarna och idag finns det 300 000 individer som drabbats av sjukdomen. Av de människor som drabbats av sjukdomen lider 90 % av diabetes typ 2. Sjukdomen beräknas öka kraftigt i framtiden. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hur patienter med diabetes typ 2 upplever sin vårdkvalitet. Att vårdkvaliteten håller hög nivå och att patienter med diabetes typ 2 får den vård de behöver är av största vikt för sjukvården. Det finns dock inte en samlad bild avseende vad som kan göras för att förbättra kvaliteten på vården för patienter som drabbas av sjukdomen. Genom denna litteraturstudie vill jag ge en i högre grad samlad bild på hur patientens perspektiv av vårdkvalitet ser ut. Tio vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades med Evans (2002) analysförfarande. Analysen resulterade i ett tema och sex subteman. Vidare resulterade examensarbetet i bland annat att patienterna upplever att delgivning av information inte alltid görs på rätt sätt. Avslutningsvis framkom det även att patienterna upplevde att nivån på vårdkvaliteten till stor del beror på om vårdpersonalen har sjukdomskunskap och om de har kompetens avseende vårdtekniska moment.</p> / <p>ABSTRACT In Sweden diabetes is one of the largest illnesses and today there’s about 300 000 people who’s affected with the illness. Out of the people who’s affected by diabetes 90 % of them suffer from diabetes type 2. The illness is expected to increase greatly in the future. The aim of this literature review was to describe how patients with diabetes type 2 experienced their quality of care. It’s important that the quality of care for people who suffers from diabetes type 2 is at a high level and that they get the care they need. There’s not, however, a complete picture regarding what can be done to improve the quality of care for patients who’s affected by the illness. Through this review I hope to give an additional picture of how the patients perspective of quality of care is viewed. Ten published and reviewed papers were analyzed with Evans (2002) analysis. The analysis resulted in one theme and six sub themes. Among severel findings the results showed that patients felt that information isn’t always given in a correct way. Furthermore the patients experienced that the level of quality of care largely was decided if the care team possesses adequate knowledge about the illness and if they had the competence for care-technical elements.</p> / Examensarbete
28

Livskvalitet hos patienter med Diabetes typ 2 : en litteraturstudie

Zettlin, Anna, Enberg, Anneli January 2008 (has links)
<p>Abstract</p><p>The aim of this review was to describe how quality of life is experienced among patients with diabetes type 2. Literature search was made in Medline and the keywords used were “diabetes mellitus type 2” and “quality of life”. Twenty studies were examined and categorized into four sections: Quality of life during complications due to diabetes type 2, quality of life during various treatments, quality of life during depression and quality of life and aspects in relation to the individual as well as social aspects. The designs of the studies were of a varying kind: randomized controlled studies, comparative studies, correlative studies and descriptive studies. The studies were published between the years of 2003-2007 and most frequently occurring were questionnaires. Validity and reliability of the instruments used in the studies were examined and valued. The number of participants in the samples varied between 49-5145 persons. The results showed that diabetes type 2-complications had a negative impact on quality of life, although different treatments and self-care support had the opposite effect. Other aspects of importance to quality of life were the support of family and relatives, age, sex, education, physical function, civil status and personal background.</p>
29

Motivation till livsstilsförändringar för patienter med diabetes typ 2 / Motivation to make lifestyle changes for patients with type 2 diabetes

Jakobsson, Lisa, Mesic, Mirela January 2010 (has links)
<p><strong>Bakgrund:</strong> Förändringar i vår livsstil har lett till att diabetes typ 2 har blivit en global epidemi. Att försöka förändra beteendet och motivera patienter med diabetes typ 2 till egenvård är en central del av diabetesvården. <strong>Syfte: </strong>Beskriva olika tillvägagångssätt för sjuksköterskan att motivera patienter med diabetes typ 2 till livsstilsförändringar. <strong>Metod:</strong> En litteraturstudie baserad på 13 artiklar har gjorts. Artiklarna hittades via databaserna CINAHL och PubMed samt via manuell sökning varpå de analyserades och kvalitetsgranskades. <strong>Resultat:</strong> Patienter med diabetes typ 2 kan motiveras till livsstilförändringar genom individuell utbildning, gruppbaserad utbildning samt genom användning av motiverande samtal (MI). Vid individuell utbildning är det viktigt med ett personligt anpassat samtal. MI gjorde att patienterna förändrade sitt beteende men däremot påvisades ingen effekt på HbA1c, det långsiktiga blodsockret. Vid gruppbaserad utbildning höjdes motivationen genom stödet från gruppmedlemmarna vilket resulterade i goda livsstilsval. <strong>Slutsats:</strong> Gruppbaserad utbildning bör användas av sjuksköterskan som motivation för patienter med diabetes typ 2 till livsstilförändringar. Även individuell utbildning kan användas om fokus ligger på personligt anpassat samtal, men däremot behövs mer forskning på MI.</p> / <p><strong>Background: </strong>Changes in our lifestyle have resulted in a global epidemic of the type 2 diabetes. Essential issues for the diabetes care are to try to change the behaviour as well as motivate patients with type 2 diabetes. <strong>Aim: </strong>To describe different approaches for nurses to motivate patients with type 2 diabetes to lifestyle changes. <strong>Method: </strong>A literature review based on 13 articles, found through the database CINAHL and PubMed and through manual search, has been analyzed and quality assessed. <strong>Results: </strong>Patients with type 2 diabetes can be motivated to lifestyle changes through individual education, group education as well as through motivational interviewing (MI). In the individual education it’s important to have a personal adapted conversation. MI resulted in changes in the patients’ behaviour, but no effects have been shown on HbA1c, which is the long-term blood glucose level. Results show that the motivation increased in the group education, due to the support from other group members, and which resulted in good choices of lifestyle. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Group education should be adopted by nurses as a method to work with motivation of patients with type 2 diabetes in order to lifestyle changes. Individual education can as well be used if the focus lies on personal adapted conversations, but however, more research is needed on the method MI.</p>
30

Upplevelser av livsstilsförändringar vid diabetes typ 2 : Ur ett patientperspektiv / Experiences of life style changes indiabetes type 2 : A patient's perspective

Forsberg, Matilda, Ruck, Therése January 2010 (has links)
<p><strong>Bakgrund: </strong>Att få diagnosen diabetes typ 2 innebär ofta stora förändringar i livet som att ha en god kosthållning, förändra motionsvanor och i vissa fall läkemedelsbehandlas. Dessa livsstilsförändringar kan upplevas olika av diabetiker. För att vårdpersonalen ska kunna bemöta och behandla sin patient på bästa sätt behövs förståelse för hur patienten upplever de livsstilsförändringar som sjukdomen kan innebära.<strong> Syfte: </strong>Syftet med studien var att belysa hur vuxna patienter upplevde de livsstilsförändringar som de genomförde när de fått diagnosen diabetes typ 2.<strong> Metod:</strong> En allmän litteraturstudie gjordes som baserades på 11 artiklar. Teman framkom utifrån artiklarnas innehåll.<strong> Resultat: </strong>Studien kom fram till följande teman; <em>Kosthållning, Känsla av utanförskap, Läkemedelsbehandling, Positiv förändring i livet</em> och <em>Balans mellan livsstilsförändringar och det dagliga livet.</em><strong> Diskussion: </strong>Centrala fynd som framkom i resultatet var att kostförändringen upplevdes som den svåraste livsstilsförändringen samt att de som drabbats av diabetes typ 2 upplevde social isolering. Ett fynd som inte var förväntat var att ett stort antal av de som fått diagnosen diabetes typ 2 kände sig hälsosammare.</p> / <p><strong>Background: </strong>Being diagnosed with diabetes type 2 often means major changes in life. Diabetics must have a good diet, exercise habits change and in some cases drug treatment. Diabetics can experience lifestyle changes in various ways. To health care personnel to respond to and treat patients in the best way they need to understand how patients experience the lifestyle changes that the disease may present.<strong> Aim:</strong> The aim was to elucidate how adult patients experienced the lifestyle changes that they implemented when they were diagnosed with diabetes type 2.<strong> Method:</strong> A literature review which was based on 11 articles. Themes emerged from the articles content.<strong> Results:</strong> This study concluded following themes; <em>Diet, Feeling of alienation, Drug treatment, Positive change in life</em> and <em>Balance between lifestyle changes and daily life</em>.<strong> Discussion</strong>: Key findings that emerged was that the dietary change is perceived as the most difficult lifestyle change and those who are affected by type 2 diabetes are experiencing social isolation. One finding that was not expected was that a large number of those diagnosed with diabetes type 2 felt healthier.</p>

Page generated in 0.0582 seconds