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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Indicador da qualidade da alimentação de mulheres nos diferentes estratos sociais / Eating quality indicator in women from different socioeconomic levels

Gomes, Andréa Lizabeth Costa 17 June 2003 (has links)
Com objetivo de descrever a qualidade da alimentação em mulheres de diferentes estratos sociais moradoras de Vila Formosa, cidade de São Paulo, foi realizado um inquérito domiciliar com 295 mulheres abrangendo dados dietéticos e socioeconômicos. Como medida da qualidade da alimentação utilizou-se o \"Índice de Alimentação Saudável\" (IAS), com dez componentes medindo: os seis primeiros a adequação do consumo dos grupos de alimentos; o sétimo e o oitavo a porcentagem de gordura total e saturada; o nono o consumo de colesterol dietético e o décimo avalia a variedade alimentar. Todos os componentes são pontuados de zero a dez, totalizando 100 pontos. Das mulheres estudadas 12% apresentaram alimentação saudável e 69,2% alimentação pouco saudável. Evidenciou-se que o IAS não apresentou diferenças entre os diferentes estratos sociais. Entretanto, encontrou-se uma variação no consumo, com diferenças significativas (p<0,05), caracterizada pelos diferentes componentes do IAS. As mulheres mais pobres consumiram mais cereais e feijões e as mais ricas verduras e legumes, frutas e leite e produtos lácteos; as mulheres de menor escolaridade obtiveram melhores pontuações no consumo de gordura saturada. Quando o efeito da renda foi controlado pela escolaridade, apenas o consumo das frutas foi confirmado. Ainda observou-se que a qualidade da alimentação melhorava quando as mulheres realizavam um maior número de refeições ao dia (p<0,01). / In order to describe the quality of eating consumed by women from different socioeconomic levels who live in Vila Formosa, São Paulo, 295 women were interviewed in their homes. The questionnaire included dietetics and socioeconomic data. Eating quality was measured by using the \"Healthy Eating Index\" (HEI). Ten components were assessed: the first six measured the adequacy of the consumption of food groups; the seventh and eighth, the percentage of total and saturated fat; the ninth, the consumptiom of dietary cholesterol, and the tenth, food variety. The score for each component was proportionally calculated, ranging from zero to ten. The maximum possible score is one hundred. Twelve percent of the sample follow a \"good diet\", and 69.2 % need to \"improve\" their diets. Results shows that HEI does not differ for different socioeconomic levels. However, a variation in the consumption with significant differences (p<0.05) was found, and it was marked by different HEI components. Poorer women consumed more cereais and beans than the rich ones whereas these consumed more vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products than those poorer. Women with a low levei of education presented betler scores regarding consumption of saturated fat. When the income effect was controlled by education levei, only the consumption .of fruits was confirmed. It was also observed that eating quality is betler when women have more meals per day (p<0.01).
2

Estimativa do tamanho da porção alimentar de indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 utilizando o álbum fotográfico / Estimating the size of food portions of individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 using a photo album.

Barbieri, Anelise Faloni Siman 06 July 2009 (has links)
Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado em uma instituição de saúde, em uma cidade do interior de São Paulo, em 2009. Objetivo Geral: avaliar a estimativa da porção alimentar auto-referida do indivíduo com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Objetivos específicos: caracterizar as pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 segundo as variáveis sócio-demográficas e clínicas; quantificar e avaliar o consumo alimentar de indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2; analisar a estimativa da porção de alimento auto-referida utilizando o álbum fotográfico; e relacionar a estimativa da porção de alimento autoreferida segundo algumas variáveis sócio-demográficas e clínicas. A amostra foi constituída por 48 indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados três instrumentos: um questionário para a obtenção das variáveis sócio-demográficas e clínicas; um questionário de frequência de consumo alimentar QFCA e um álbum fotográfico. Os dados foram obtidos mediante entrevista no domicílio. Para a análise utilizou-se estatística descritiva e análise de correspondência simples. Os resultados mostraram que houve predomínio de indivíduos do sexo feminino, mediana de 55,5 anos; 11 anos de estudo; sete salários mínimos; seis anos de diagnóstico; 87,5% estavam com excesso de peso; 45,8% apresentaram hipertensão arterial e 20,8% dislipidemia. Quanto à avaliação do consumo alimentar, 29,2% dos indivíduos referiu realizar quatro refeições ao dia, mediana de 1565,7Kcal; 91,7% consumiam menos de 7% de gordura saturada; 52,1% acima de 20% de proteína; e 37,5% menos de 44,9% de carboidrato. No que se refere à estimativa do tamanho da porção de alimentos auto-referida, houve superestimação de Doces e Pães; e subestimação das Gorduras, Verduras, Leites e Carnes. As mulheres subestimaram o consumo das Gorduras, Frutas e Verduras, e superestimaram o consumo dos Doces; os homens subestimaram o consumo das Gorduras, Leguminosas, Carnes e Verduras. Indivíduos diagnosticados há < 5 anos subestimaram o consumo de Verduras, e superestimaram o consumo dos Doces. Diagnosticados há cinco anos subestimaram o consumo das Gorduras, Cereais e Frutas e superestimaram o consumo dos Pães. Indivíduos com 11 anos de estudo subestimaram o consumo das Gorduras e superestimaram o consumo dos Doces; > 11 anos de estudo subestimaram o consumo das Verduras. Indivíduos com 7 salários mínimos subestimaram o consumo das Leguminosas e Verduras; >7 salários mínimos subestimaram o consumo do Leite. Indivíduos com IMC <24,9kg/m² subestimaram o consumo das Carnes e superestimaram o consumo dos Doces. Indivíduos com IMC 25 subestimaram o consumo das Carnes, Gorduras, Verduras e superestimaram o consumo dos Doces. Conclui-se que a maioria dos indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 subestimaram o tamanho das porções de alimentos consumidas utilizando o álbum fotográfico e o QFCA, indicando que os profissionais de saúde devem buscar estratégias educacionais inovadoras para a educação nutricional de indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. / This cross-sectional study was carried out in a health institution in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil in 2009. General objective: to evaluate the self-reported estimated food portion of individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2. Specific objectives: to characterize people with diabetes mellitus type 2 according to sociodemographic and clinical variables; quantify and evaluate food intake of individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2; analyze the self-reported estimated food portion using a photo album and relate the self-reported estimated food portion according to some sociodemographic and clinical variables. The sample was composed of 48 individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Three instruments were used for data collection: a questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic and clinical data; a questionnaire to obtain food intake frequency - QFCA and a photo album. Interviews were carried out at individuals households. Descriptive statistics and simple correspondence analysis were used. Results revealed that the female gender prevailed, average of 55.5 years of age; 11 years of schooling; seven minimum wages; six years of diagnosis; 87.5 were overweighed; 45.8% had hypertension and 20.8% dyslipidemia. Regarding food intake, 29.2% of the participants reported four meals a day, average of 1.565,7Kcal; 91.7% consumed less than 7% of saturated fat; 52.1% above 20% of protein; and 37.5% less than 44.9% of carbohydrate. In terms of estimated size of self-reported food portion, Sweets and Breads were overestimated and Fats, Greens, Dairy-products and Meats were underestimated. Women underestimated intake of Fats, Fruits and Greens and overestimated intake of Sweets; men underestimated intake of Fats, Legumes, Meats and Greens. Individuals with diagnosis for < 5 years underestimated intake of Greens and overestimated intake of Sweets. Those with diagnosis for > 5 years underestimated intake of Fats, Cereals and Fruits and overestimated intake of Breads. Individuals with < 11years of schooling underestimated intake of Fats and overestimated intake of Sweets; > 11 years of schooling underestimated intake of Greens. Individuals with < 7 minimum wage underestimated intake of Legumes and Greens; > 7 minimum wages underestimated intake of milk. Individuals with BMI < 24.9kg/m² overestimated intake Meats and overestimated intake of Sweets. Individuals with BMI 25 underestimated intake of Meats, Fats, Greens and overestimated intake of Sweets. The conclusion is that the majority of individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 underestimated the size of food portions using a photo album and the QFCA indicating that health professionals should seek for innovating educational strategies for the nutritional education of individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2.
3

Construção de um questionário de frequência alimentar quantitativo para crianças de 7 a 10 anos / Development of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire for 7 to 10-year-old children

Hinnig, Patricia de Fragas 01 October 2010 (has links)
Introdução: A ocorrência de doenças crônicas na idade adulta, relacionada a práticas alimentares inapropriadas em idades mais jovens, faz com que o monitoramento e a identificação da dieta ganhem importância na área epidemiológica e de saúde. A existência de instrumentos que permitam avaliar o consumo habitual e que apresentem porções comumente consumidas por crianças de 7 a 10 anos torna-se necessária. Entretanto, no Brasil, existem na literatura Questionários de Freqüência Alimentar (QFA) desenvolvidos para crianças menores de cinco anos e adolescentes, ficando este grupo populacional descoberto. Objetivo: Apresentar um Questionário de Freqüência Alimentar Quantitativo (QFAQ) que permita avaliar a dieta habitual em energia e macronutrientes de crianças de 7 a 10 anos. Métodos: O QFAQ foi construído a partir da aplicação de um DA preenchido em três dias por 85 escolares de 7 a 10 anos que freqüentaram uma escola pública na cidade de São Paulo, após realização de treinamento. Para a construção do QFAQ, produziu-se uma lista dos alimentos consumidos e quantificou-se a composição da dieta em energia, carboidratos, proteínas e lipídios. Os alimentos foram agrupados em itens e calculou-se o percentual que cada item contribuiu no consumo alimentar. Os itens que contribuíram com até 95% do consumo total serviram como base para o QFAQ. Foram definidas as porções referentes aos percentis 25, 50 e 75 e adotadas sete categorias para a aferição da freqüência alimentar dos últimos três meses. Resultados: Foram identificados 393 alimentos, agrupados em 129 itens alimentares. Identificaram-se 76 itens para a construção do instrumento, acrescidos de outros 16 identificados na literatura, totalizando 92 itens em 17 grupos de alimentos. Conclusão: Apresenta-se um modelo de QFAQ a ser preenchido por meio de entrevista que permite a avaliação quantitativa de energia e macronutrientes da dieta de crianças de 7 a 10 anos dos últimos três meses / Background: The early occurrence of chronic diseases in adulthood related to inappropriate feeding practices at younger ages, makes diet monitoring and identifying important in the epidemiological and health areas. Instruments which allows to assess habitual food intake and which have serving sizes regularly consumed by 7-10 year-old children is necessary. In Brazil, however, this population has not been covered by Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ), which have only been developed for young children (under five years of age) and adolescents. Objective: To present a Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (QFFQ) that allowing to assess the habitual diet of 7 to 10-year-old children with regard to energy and macronutrients. Methods: The QFFQ was developed from a Food Diary (FD) completed by eighty-five 7 to 10 year-old schoolchildren enrolled in a state school in São Paulo, Brazil, in a 3-day-FD after being trained. In order to develop the QFFQ, all foods consumed were listed and diet composition in relation to energy, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids was calculated. Foods were grouped into items and the percentage of the contribution of each item to the diet was calculated. The QFFQ was based on the items which contributed to up to 95% of total intake. Serving sizes were established according to the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles of intake and seven categories were selected to measure food frequency in the previous three months. Results: Three hundred ninety-three foods were identified and grouped into 129 items. Seventy-six items were used for developing the instrument, and 16 other items reported in the literature were also included, resulting in 92 items in 17 food groups. Conclusion: a QFFQ, which is to be completed in an interview, for the assessment of energy and macronutrient intakes of 7 to 10 year-old children in the previous three months is presented
4

Índice de alimentação saudável : proposta de adaptação para uso em gestantes brasileiras / Health eating index : proposal for adaptation for use in brazilian pregnant

Melere, Cristiane January 2010 (has links)
Introdução: Uma boa nutrição durante o período gestacional é fator chave para influenciar tanto a saúde da mãe, quanto a do bebê. Estudos de avaliação da qualidade global da dieta em gestantes através de índices alimentares são escassos, principalmente no Brasil. Objetivo: Criar o Índice de Alimentação Saudável Alternativo para as Gestantes Brasileiras (HEIP_B) a partir do Índice de Alimentação Saudável Alternativo para Gestantes (AHEI-P), levando em consideração o guia alimentar para a população brasileira. Métodos: Gestantes entre a 16ª e 36ª semana de gestação (n=712) foram arroladas consecutivamente em sala de espera, durante o pré-natal, em UBS em Porto Alegre e Bento Gonçalves, RS. Foram aplicados o QFA e o questionário sociodemográfico. Para avaliar a relação entre os índices e os nutrientes relevantes à gestação, foi utilizada a ACPF. Resultados: As medianas e os intervalos interquartílicos do AHEI-P e HEIP_B, foram, respectivamente: 64,7 (56,8-71,5) e 67,5 (60,4-73,6). O HEIP_B mostrou boa correlação positiva com os nutrientes em geral [menor correlação com vitamina B12 (r=0,2); maior correlação com folato (r=0,8)] e, para aqueles nutrientes que têm uma recomendação específica no período gestacional, mostrou as seguintes correlações: folato (r=0,8), cálcio (r=0,6) e ferro (r=0,7). Conclusões: O HEIP_B apresentou correlações significativas com os nutrientes relevantes na gestação, indicando que esse índice pode ser considerado um bom instrumento de avaliação da qualidade da alimentação durante o período gestacional. / Background: A good nutrition during pregnancy is a key factor that influences the health of both mother and the baby. Studies evaluating the overall diet quality in pregnant women by dietary indices are scarce, especially in Brazil. There are no official Brazilian nutritional recommendations for pregnant women. Objective: To create the Alternate Healthy Eating Index for Brazilian Pregnancy (HEIP_B) from the Alternate Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P), according to the Brazilian Food Guide. Methods: Pregnant women between the 16th and 36th weeks of gestation (n=712) were enrolled consecutively while in the waiting room of prenatal care, in basic health units in Porto Alegre and Bento Gonçalves. The food frequency questionnaire and a sociodemographic questionnaire were aplied. Focused Principal Component Analysis (ACPF) was used to assess the relationship between the indexes and nutrients relevant to pregnancy. Results: The median and interquartile ranges of AHEI-P and HEIP_B were, respectively: 64,7 (56,8-71,5) e 67,5 (60,4-73,6). The HEIP_B showed good correlation with the nutrients in general [the lowest correlation with vitamin B12 (r = 0,2), and the highest correlation with folate (r = 0,8)] and the following correlations for those nutrients for which there is a specific recommendation during pregnancy: folate (r = 0,8), calcium (r = 0,6) and iron (r = 0,7). Conclusions: HEIP_B was significantly correlated with important nutrients during pregnancy, indicating that this index may be a useful tool for assessing the quality of nutrition during gestation.
5

Consumo de carnes por forma de preparo no Brasil. / Meat consumption by way to prepare in Brazil.

Thiago Wagnos Guimarães Guedes 01 April 2015 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A plausível associação entre o consumo de carnes e o desenvolvimento do câncer colorretal vem sendo em parte explicada pelo processo de formação de aminas heterocíclicas e hidrocarbonetos aromáticos durante a cocção. No Brasil este tipo de câncer encontra-se entre as três mais frequentes causas de óbito por câncer tanto em homens como em mulheres, sendo as regiões Sul e Sudeste as que apresentam as maiores taxas de mortalidade. Este estudo tem como objetivo estimar o consumo médio per capita e prevalência de carnes segundo formas de preparo no Brasil, com ênfase nas técnicas grelhado/brasa/churrasco e frito. Foram utilizados dados do Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação (INA) que faz parte da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) realizado entre os anos de 2008 e 2009. Nesse inquérito foram analisadas informações referentes ao consumo alimentar de 34.003 indivíduos com dez anos de idade ou mais, contemplando questões a cerca da quantidade de alimentos consumidos em unidades de medidas caseiras, forma de preparo do alimento e local de consumo (alimentação dentro do domicílio ou quando o alimento foi preparado e consumido fora do domicílio). As medias de carnes em geral foram estratificadas por sexo, escolaridade, quarto de renda, grandes regiões geográficas, situação do domicílio (urbano/rural) e local de consumo (dentro/fora do lar). Para a extração dos valores médios per capita consumidos, foram utilizados os procedimentos survey para levar em consideração os efeitos do desenho amostral. Verificou-se que a maior média per capita de consumo em gramas ocorreu no grupo de carne bovina, e a forma de preparo frito apresentou a maior média per capita de ingestão (31 gramas/ dia). Agrupando-se todos os tipos de carnes em apenas uma classe, "carnes em geral", a forma de preparação frita permaneceu com média de consumo demasiadamente maior que a forma grelhado/brasa/churrasco em todas as variáveis analisadas. Quando desagregado pelas variáveis de interesse, a maior média de consumo per capita de carnes em geral ocorreu na mais alta categoria de escolaridade (21 gramas/ dia) para o tipo grelhado/brasa/churrasco e entre residentes da região Norte (111gramas/ dia) para o tipo frito. As menores médias per capita ocorreram entre os indivíduos no primeiro quarto de renda (1,96 gramas/ dia) para aqueles que consumiram grelhado/brasa/churrasco e para as carnes fritas a menor média foi observada fora do domicílio (20 gramas/ dia). Os achados indicam que existe uma acentuada diferença entre o consumo médio per capita de grelhado/brasa/churrasco e fritos entre as regiões brasileiras, sendo mais evidente quando desagregado por variáveis sócio demográficas. / A plausible association between meat consumption and the development of colorectal cancer has been partly explained by process formation of heterocyclic amines and aromatic hydrocarbons during cooking. In Brazil this type of cancer is among the three most frequent causes of death from cancer in both men and women, and the South and Southeast have the highest mortality rates. This study aims to estimate the average consumption per capita and prevalence of meat by ways to prepare in Brazil, with emphasis on grilled / coal / barbecue and fried. National Dietary Survey data were used (NDS) which is part of the Brazilian Household Budget Survey (HBS) conducted between 2008 and 2009. In this survey was analyzed information related to dietary intake of 34,003 individuals with ten years of age and older, including questions about portion sizes consumed, cooking methods, and local of consumption (inside or outside of the home). The overall meat means were stratified by gender, education, income, large geographic areas, house situation (urban / rural) and local of consumption. Data analysis were conducted considering the sample weights and complex sample design. It was found that the highest average per capita consumption in grams beef occurred in the group of cattle beef and the fried preparation had the average per capita consumption of grilled / coal / barbecue and fried among Brazilian regions, being more evident when disaggregated by socio-demographic highest average per capita intake (31 grams / day). Ganging up all kinds of meat in one class, "meat in general," the form of fried preparation remained higher than consumption grilled / coal / barbecue in all variables. When disaggregated by variables of interest, the highest average per capita consumption of meat in general occurred in the highest category of education (21 grams / day) for type grilled / coal / barbecue and between residents of the North (111gramas / day) for the fried kind. The lowest average per capita occurred among individuals in the first quarter of income (1.96 grams / day) for those who consumed grilled / coal / barbecue and fried meat the lowest average was found outside the home (20 grams / day). The results indicate that there is a big difference between the variables.
6

Vitamin D Intake and Status in a Sample of Healthy Young Adults of Different Ethnicity Living in Canada

Wu, Hongyu 12 January 2009
Vitamin D plays an important role in over-all health. Few data exist on vitamin D deficiency related with intake for a Canadian population. The purpose of this study is to assess vitamin D intake and status in healthy young adults of diverse ancestry during the wintertime.<p> One hundred and seven young healthy adults living in Southern Ontario were recruited during the late winter of 2007. Their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], skin melanin and anthropometric measures were determined. They completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (twice) and a 7-day food diary. Correlation analyses and t-test were used to validate the FFQ against the 7-day diary and 25(OH)D; one way ANOVA was used to determine ethnic group differences in vitamin D intake and status.<p> The results indicated that the FFQ used in this study was valid. Vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D<50 nmol/L] was widespread and more apparent in the East and South Asian groups than in the European group (P<0.05). The dairy products were the greatest food source of vitamin D for each of the three groups and the European group exhibited higher total vitamin D intake (P<0.05). There was a trend for the European group to have higher consumption of dairy products, especially cow¡¯s milk (0.05<P<0.10). Combining subjects in the three ethnic groups, vitamin D intake but not BMI was closely related with serum 25(OH)D concentrations (r= 0.520, P<0.001; r=-0.018, P>0.05, respectively). The 25(OH)D levels were inversely related with parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (r= -0.273, P= 0.009). With adequate calcium intake (¡Ý1000 mg/d), PTH levels were significantly lower when vitamin D was not deficient (P<0.05).<p> This study provides evidence that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in healthy young adults living in Canada during wintertime, and non-European groups have a higher prevalence of this deficiency. Vitamin D intake varies with ethnicity, and dietary intake plays an important role in maintenance of serum vitamin D in wintertime. Compared with calcium intake, serum vitamin D levels may be a more important factor suppressing PTH levels.
7

Vitamin D Intake and Status in a Sample of Healthy Young Adults of Different Ethnicity Living in Canada

Wu, Hongyu 12 January 2009 (has links)
Vitamin D plays an important role in over-all health. Few data exist on vitamin D deficiency related with intake for a Canadian population. The purpose of this study is to assess vitamin D intake and status in healthy young adults of diverse ancestry during the wintertime.<p> One hundred and seven young healthy adults living in Southern Ontario were recruited during the late winter of 2007. Their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], skin melanin and anthropometric measures were determined. They completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (twice) and a 7-day food diary. Correlation analyses and t-test were used to validate the FFQ against the 7-day diary and 25(OH)D; one way ANOVA was used to determine ethnic group differences in vitamin D intake and status.<p> The results indicated that the FFQ used in this study was valid. Vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D<50 nmol/L] was widespread and more apparent in the East and South Asian groups than in the European group (P<0.05). The dairy products were the greatest food source of vitamin D for each of the three groups and the European group exhibited higher total vitamin D intake (P<0.05). There was a trend for the European group to have higher consumption of dairy products, especially cow¡¯s milk (0.05<P<0.10). Combining subjects in the three ethnic groups, vitamin D intake but not BMI was closely related with serum 25(OH)D concentrations (r= 0.520, P<0.001; r=-0.018, P>0.05, respectively). The 25(OH)D levels were inversely related with parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (r= -0.273, P= 0.009). With adequate calcium intake (¡Ý1000 mg/d), PTH levels were significantly lower when vitamin D was not deficient (P<0.05).<p> This study provides evidence that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in healthy young adults living in Canada during wintertime, and non-European groups have a higher prevalence of this deficiency. Vitamin D intake varies with ethnicity, and dietary intake plays an important role in maintenance of serum vitamin D in wintertime. Compared with calcium intake, serum vitamin D levels may be a more important factor suppressing PTH levels.
8

Intake of fruit and vegetables in European children and their mothers, folate intake in Swedish children and health indicators : overweight, plasma homocysteine levels and school performance /

Yngve, Agneta, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
9

Dietary intakes of Swedish children and adolescents

Patterson, Emma, January 2010 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2010.
10

Índice de alimentação saudável : proposta de adaptação para uso em gestantes brasileiras / Health eating index : proposal for adaptation for use in brazilian pregnant

Melere, Cristiane January 2010 (has links)
Introdução: Uma boa nutrição durante o período gestacional é fator chave para influenciar tanto a saúde da mãe, quanto a do bebê. Estudos de avaliação da qualidade global da dieta em gestantes através de índices alimentares são escassos, principalmente no Brasil. Objetivo: Criar o Índice de Alimentação Saudável Alternativo para as Gestantes Brasileiras (HEIP_B) a partir do Índice de Alimentação Saudável Alternativo para Gestantes (AHEI-P), levando em consideração o guia alimentar para a população brasileira. Métodos: Gestantes entre a 16ª e 36ª semana de gestação (n=712) foram arroladas consecutivamente em sala de espera, durante o pré-natal, em UBS em Porto Alegre e Bento Gonçalves, RS. Foram aplicados o QFA e o questionário sociodemográfico. Para avaliar a relação entre os índices e os nutrientes relevantes à gestação, foi utilizada a ACPF. Resultados: As medianas e os intervalos interquartílicos do AHEI-P e HEIP_B, foram, respectivamente: 64,7 (56,8-71,5) e 67,5 (60,4-73,6). O HEIP_B mostrou boa correlação positiva com os nutrientes em geral [menor correlação com vitamina B12 (r=0,2); maior correlação com folato (r=0,8)] e, para aqueles nutrientes que têm uma recomendação específica no período gestacional, mostrou as seguintes correlações: folato (r=0,8), cálcio (r=0,6) e ferro (r=0,7). Conclusões: O HEIP_B apresentou correlações significativas com os nutrientes relevantes na gestação, indicando que esse índice pode ser considerado um bom instrumento de avaliação da qualidade da alimentação durante o período gestacional. / Background: A good nutrition during pregnancy is a key factor that influences the health of both mother and the baby. Studies evaluating the overall diet quality in pregnant women by dietary indices are scarce, especially in Brazil. There are no official Brazilian nutritional recommendations for pregnant women. Objective: To create the Alternate Healthy Eating Index for Brazilian Pregnancy (HEIP_B) from the Alternate Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P), according to the Brazilian Food Guide. Methods: Pregnant women between the 16th and 36th weeks of gestation (n=712) were enrolled consecutively while in the waiting room of prenatal care, in basic health units in Porto Alegre and Bento Gonçalves. The food frequency questionnaire and a sociodemographic questionnaire were aplied. Focused Principal Component Analysis (ACPF) was used to assess the relationship between the indexes and nutrients relevant to pregnancy. Results: The median and interquartile ranges of AHEI-P and HEIP_B were, respectively: 64,7 (56,8-71,5) e 67,5 (60,4-73,6). The HEIP_B showed good correlation with the nutrients in general [the lowest correlation with vitamin B12 (r = 0,2), and the highest correlation with folate (r = 0,8)] and the following correlations for those nutrients for which there is a specific recommendation during pregnancy: folate (r = 0,8), calcium (r = 0,6) and iron (r = 0,7). Conclusions: HEIP_B was significantly correlated with important nutrients during pregnancy, indicating that this index may be a useful tool for assessing the quality of nutrition during gestation.

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