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The inclusion of critical literacy is becoming more prevalent in our curricula, however, while the value of using trauma literature in the English Language Arts classroom has been established, the explicit use of sexual assault narratives sometimes seems too risky or intimidating for educators. This case study research utilizes social constructivism, feminist, gender studies, and queer studies, trauma theory, and reader response theory as lenses for analysis. Further, a narrative methodological framework was employed to explore how reading trauma literature can influence the writing practices, specifically the digitally written responses, of grade ten adolescents. As well, the study examined the usefulness of digital writing platforms and social media as vehicles to use while incorporating such critical literacies into the classroom. The research was carried out in one western Canadian high school and across two grade ten academic English Language Arts classes. Data was collected from 25 student participants for the primary portion of the classroom study and four of those participants also participated in the focus group discussion. The findings suggest that engaging with trauma literature is certainly a valuable form of critical literacy, particularly sexual assault narratives. Students’ responses indicated that they responded angrily and aggressively to the texts presented, they voiced a need to be heard through the use of repetition, they identified the significance of mental health issues, they made personal connections with the literature as well as intertextual connections between other stories, and created significant and telling silences. Perhaps most importantly, this study found that we must continue to work towards finding best practices for teaching these texts because doing so may lead to challenging rape culture and fostering a sense of empowerment, agency, and resiliency in our learners. These qualities were particularly demonstrated through the students’ personal, critical, and creative written responses using digital literacy practices. / Graduate / 0727 Curriculum and Instruction, 0279 Language and Literature, and 0533 Secondary / amberjanellemoore@gmail.com

Cette thèse a pour objet de définir la nature du lien entre l'utilisation de l’écrit numérique en messagerie instantanée et la qualité de la production orthographique. C’est pourquoi il était nécessaire de comprendre ce qui se produit sur le plan cognitif lorsque des adolescents en contact quasi quotidien avec la norme produisent de l’écrit normé et numérique. Nous avons poursuivi le travail de recherche engagé en proposant une analyse en deux temps (le premier visant à définir plus amplement l’écrit numérique en messagerie instantanée ; le second à identifier la nature du lien évoqué supra). Dans un premier temps, nous avons défini (a) l’écrit numérique lorsqu’il est employé par les adolescents, identifié (b) les connaissances potentiellement impactées à l’origine des modifications (qui sont les formes propres à l’écrit numérique), et tenté de (c) de savoir si le contexte de production influe sur la performance des adolescents. Dans un second temps, nous avons tenté de déterminer (d) si le niveau orthographique a un lien avec la production de modifications, (e) si certaines modifications sont plus à risque que d’autres, et (f) si l’exposition à l’écrit numérique en messagerie instantanée a des conséquences sur la qualité de la performance orthographique. Pour les besoins de cette thèse, les méthodologies appliquées ont été l’analyse de corpus, la comparaison de performances en fonction du support (normé et numérique), et en fonction du groupe (e.g., francophones et anglophones). Les premiers résultats ont d’abord montré que (a) l’écrit numérique en messagerie instantanée est plus proche du code oral que du code écrit, que (b) les connaissances potentiellement impactées (relatives à la valeur des lettres) sont celles qui permettent à la fois de produire de l’orthographe et des modifications, et que (c) le contexte de production (entre francophones et anglophones) influence autant la performance que la profondeur orthographique d’une langue. La seconde série de résultats a montré que (d) les adolescents qui disposent d’un niveau orthographique élevé produisent davantage de modifications que les adolescents qui disposent d’un niveau orthographique faible, (e) que les modifications qui peuvent être confondues avec des erreurs orthographiques sont plus à risque que celles qui ne le peuvent pas, et (f) que l’exposition à l’écrit numérique en messagerie instantanée chez les adolescents dont le niveau orthographique est faible et dont les connaissances orthographiques sont toujours en phase de consolidation a des conséquences négatives sur leur performance orthographique. Pour conclure, la nature de ce lien diffère en fonction du niveau orthographique des participants (même si le contexte de production influence la performance de façon inconditionnelle). D’un côté, elle s’avère négative pour les adolescents dont le niveau orthographique est faible et dont les connaissances orthographiques sont en cours de consolidation. La phonétisation de l’écrit, la production de modifications qui peuvent être confondues avec des erreurs orthographiques, et le risque associé lorsque les connaissances relatives à la valeur des lettres ne sont pas consolidées semblent être en cause. De l’autre, elle s’avère neutre pour les adolescents dont le niveau orthographique est élevé. / This thesis aims at defining the nature of the link between the use of digital writing in instant messaging and the quality of spelling performance. That is why it was necessary to understand what happens from a cognitive perspective when adolescents – who are exposed to the standards of spelling almost every day – produce standard and digital writing. We carried on with the research work that has been performed so far by dividing our analysis into two sections (the first that aims at deeply defining digital writing in instant messaging; the second at identifying the nature of the link that has been mentioned supra). First, we have defined (a) digital writing when it was used by adolescents, identified (b) the kind of knowledge which may be impacted and that allows producing modifications (which are the modified words in digital writing), and tried (c) to know whether the context of production has an influence on adolescent performance. Second, we tried to know (d) whether the spelling level is related to the production of modification, (e) whether using some modifications is more at risk than using others, and (f) whether being exposed to digital writing in instant messaging has consequences on the quality of spelling performance. For this thesis, we used different types of methodology by analyzing corpuses, comparing performances by taking the media into account (standard or digital) or the group (e.g., French speaking and English speaking). The first part of results showed that (a) digital writing in instant messaging is closer to the oral code than the written code, that (b) the kind of knowledge that may be impacted (related to the value of letters) corresponds to the one which allows producing both spelling and modifications, and that (c) the context of production (between French speaking and English speaking adolescents) has as much influence on performance than orthographic depth of a language. The second part of results showed that (d) the adolescents with a good spelling level produce more modifications than adolescents with a low spelling level, that (e) the modifications that can be confused with misspellings are more at risk than those that cannot, and that (f) being exposed to digital writing in instant messaging for adolescents whose spelling level is low and whose spelling knowledge is still being consolidated has negative consequences on spelling performance. To finish, the nature of the link differs according to the spelling level of participants (even if the context of production has an influence on performance unconditionally). On the one hand, it is proved to be negative for adolescents whose spelling level is low and whose spelling knowledge is still being consolidated. The phonetisation of writing, the production of modifications that can be confused with misspellings, and the associated risk when knowledge related to the value of letters is not yet consolidated have something to do with it. On the other hand, it is proved to be neutral for adolescents with a high spelling level.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:33:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Marques Matheus.pdf: 4291211 bytes, checksum: c94c681ec6dd5c6818a4503c28740cba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-20 / In this dissertation, our aim is to analyze the written coherence of Facebook posts. Based on text studies related to Textual Linguistics and also on studies related to writing in digital context, we proceed to the analysis of a compound corpus by posted comments on Facebook social network by Junior High School students, in answer to na activity that was proposed by school, considering that the involves linguistic, cognitive, cultural, social and interracial aspects, and so, it presents a large amount of implicitness in its constitution and yet considering, that coherence is related to senses production based on relation between text linguistic materiality and shared knowledge by reader and writer. The results of this survey indicate that, in writing produced on the net such as what occurs on Facebook context, the students made comments related to the activity main theme. The results indicate that, the posted messages on Facebook by students in answer to the escolar activity, the focalization of different aspects related to the theme in discussion have contributed to the maintenance and thematic progression, therefore, to the construction of net writing coherence / Nesta dissertação, objetivamos analisar a coerência da escrita produzida no Facebook. Com base em estudos do texto situados no campo da Linguística Textual e em estudos da escrita em contexto digital, procedemos à análise de um corpus composto por comentários postados na rede social Facebook por alunos do ensino fundamental II, em resposta a uma atividade proposta pela escola, considerando que o texto envolve aspectos linguísticos, cognitivos, culturais, sociais e interacionais e, como tal, apresenta muita implicitude em sua constituição e considerando, ainda, que a coerência diz respeito à produção de sentidos baseada na relação estabelecida entre materialidade linguística do texto e conhecimentos compartilhados pelo escritor e leitor. Os resultados indicam que, nas mensagens postadas pelos alunos no Facebook em resposta à atividade escolar, a focalização de diferentes aspectos relacionados ao tema em discussão contribuiu para a manutenção e a progressão temática e, por conseguinte, para a construção da coerência da escrita em rede

Pour la première fois dans l’histoire de l’écriture, plusieurs personnes peuvent modifier au même moment et à distance le même document. Cette nouvelle pratique d’écriture rendue possible par la technologie numérique est l’écriture numérique collaborative synchrone. La question que pose cette recherche est celle de savoir comment des textes cohérents et lisibles peuvent émerger de tels dispositifs. De plus, les textes qui résultent de ces pratiques semblent difficilement pouvoir être réduits à des intentions de communication qui préexisteraient « dans la tête » des participants. Le texte émerge au sein même des situations et cela soulève la question méthodologique de savoir comment rendre compte de ces émergences. Cette thèse propose par conséquent d’explorer une manière de l’aborder : une enquête de type pragmatiste, et plus spécifiquement, une approche transactionnelle. Elle se caractérise par l’exigence de penser la relation dans sa dimension constitutive en ne présupposant rien des entités avant leur mise en situation. Elle implique en outre de toujours tenir pour provisoires et révisables toutes les descriptions que l’on peut donner d’une situation. Il s’agit d’une approche philosophique dont une opérationnalisation en Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication est ici proposée. Elle est mise en œuvre pour deux catégories de terrains : des situations de production d’argumentation en contexte pédagogique et des situations de production de comptes-rendus collaboratifs présentiels. Cette mise à l’épreuve permet de conclure à l’intérêt de poursuivre cette enquête selon une approche transactionnelle et d’esquisser un modèle d’analyse destiné à faciliter sa poursuite. / For the first time in the history of writing, several people can edit the same document at the same time and from a distance. This new writing practice, made possible by digital technology, is called synchronous collaborative digital writing. The question posed by this research is how a consistent and readable text can emerge from such systems. In addition, the texts that result from these practices can hardly be reduced to communication intentions that pre-exist "in the head" of the participants. The text emerges within the situations. This raises the methodological question of how to account for this emergence. This thesis therefore offers to explore a way to tackle it: a pragmatist type of investigation, and more specifically, a transactional approach. It is characterized by the need to think the relationship in its constitutive dimension without presupposing any of the entities prior to their entry in situation. It also implies that all of the descriptions of a given situation always have to be considered as provisional and subject to revision. Here, an operationalization of this philosophical approach is proposed in the field of Information and Communication Sciences. It is implemented for two categories of case studies: situations of production of argumentation in an educational context and situations of collaborative production of meeting reports. This experimentation makes it possible to conclude that it would be interesting to continue this investigation in a transactional approach and it outlines an analysis model to facilitate this pursuit.

This study investigated the use of explicit revision instruction and digital writing during writing workshop with 21 students in a mainstream second-grade classroom. The pedagogical goal guiding this study was to improve revisions in informational writing and overall writing quality. Students’ informational writing quality scores significantly improved from pre-to post-assessment. Throughout the intervention, collected data included tallies of the types and amount of revision in student writing samples, the overall quality of student informational writing prior to and after revision, and teacher journal entries. Students were able to revise their informational writing independently. Students’ informational writing scores were higher post-revision, with the addition of words correlating with higher scores. The sample size was insufficient to determine the relationship between the number or type of revisions and increased writing scores. The intervention implemented in this study provided students with instruction that enabled them to utilize revision independently to improve the overall quality of their informational writing. The digital application lent itself to easier manipulation of the text, encouraging students to revise. Findings from this study revealed that students’ informational writing moved from below grade-level competency to at or above grade-level competency in three iterations across 6 weeks.

Digitaliseringen är ett faktum samtidigt som elever uppvisar en viss skrivproblematik sett utifrån de nationella proven i årskurs 6. Delade meningar råder om hur stor plats digitalt skrivande bör få i undervisningen. Föreliggande studies syfte är därför att undersöka sex mellanstadielärares uppfattningar om elevers skrivande utifrån analogt respektive digitalt skrivande i ämnet svenska. För att besvara studiens syfte samlades material in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med behöriga mellanstadielärare som undervisar eller har undervisat i ämnet svenska. Det insamlade materialet analyseras efter innehållsanalys och studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt grundar sig i The Simple View of Writing. Resultatet visar att såväl analogt som digitalt skrivande används i undervisningen. Lärarna kan se både likheter och skillnader i elevtexter som skrivs analogt och digitalt. Framförallt karaktäriseras den digitala texten av att vara mer utvecklad, beskrivande och längre. Rättstavningsprogram kan dock medföra en viss problematik då elever begränsas av felmarkeringar eller förhastar sig genom arbetet utan vidare reflektion. Utifrån det analyserade empiriska materialet konstateras att lärares didaktiska kompetens är avgörande och att varken det ena eller andra skrivsättet bör uteslutas i undervisningen. Lärare behöver reflektera kring vilket skrivsätt som fungerar bäst i sammanhanget för att främja elevers skrivutveckling.

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