Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:30:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francisco Antonio Moreira Rocha.pdf: 2068401 bytes, checksum: 6f9407df1fc775770507416751181ae3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The purpose of this research has as objective to analyze the contributions and impacts of Masters / PhD Scholarship, from the initial question What is the contribution of the PBM / D and its impact on personal development, professional teachers and professional recovery of basic education by SEE-SP, after completion of graduate studies. We assume the configuration of this research from the documentary analysis and semi-structured qualitative character, the concern is with the quality in the interviewees' statements, as well as documentation. The search for answers to some personal questions in order to explain a professional education with academic education, in addition to that required for a position as teacher of Basic Education II, SEE-SP and that went through one of the types of continuing education through PBM / D, teacher Master or PhD in public schools, found the Internet, the sites of SEE-SP, APEOESP lattes and curricula of Fellows and Board of Education 1 North, documents the laws of the past three decades, records registration form sheets and monthly reports submitted for analysis of the regional commission. As conclusion, we present what we consider relevant in an enterprise investigative searching for answers to the survey answers and points, a potential of PBM / D for personal and professional training, as well as for its recovery as a teacher at the school, with its students, but adds the lack of public policies to enhance the professional teacher and researcher / A proposta desta pesquisa possui como objetivo analisar as contribuições e os impactos do Programa Bolsa Mestrado/Doutorado, a partir da questão inicial qual a contribuição do PBM/D e seus impactos no desenvolvimento pessoal, profissional dos professores e a valorização desses profissionais da educação básica pela SEE-SP, após a conclusão da pós-graduação? Assumimos a configuração dessa pesquisa a partir da análise documental e de entrevistas semi-estruturada de caráter qualitativa, onde a preocupação é com a qualidade nas falas dos entrevistados, bem como na documentação. A busca de respostas para algumas indagações pessoais, no sentido de explicitar um profissional de educação com formação acadêmica, além da exigida para ocupar um cargo de Professor de Educação Básica II, na SEE-SP e que passou por uma das modalidades de formação continuada por meio do PBM/D, o professor Mestre ou Doutor, nas escolas públicas. Encontramos respostas na internet, nos sites da SEE-SP, APEOESP e currículos lattes dos bolsistas e na Diretoria de Ensino Norte 1: documentos da legislação das últimas três décadas, registros em forma de fichas cadastrais e relatórios semestrais enviados para análise da comissão regional. Nas considerações finais, apresentamos o que consideramos relevante em uma empreitada investigativa à procura de respostas que a pesquisa responde e aponta um potencial do PBM/D para a formação pessoal e profissional, bem como para a sua valorização na escola, como professor e com seus alunos, mas acrescenta a inexistência de políticas públicas para valorizar esse profissional professor e pesquisador

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2017-08-23T14:21:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Aparecida Pedrosa dos Santos.pdf: 1808232 bytes, checksum: 9e374f7b8e348ba9f488e574e1da67d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-23T14:21:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Aparecida Pedrosa dos Santos.pdf: 1808232 bytes, checksum: 9e374f7b8e348ba9f488e574e1da67d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This is a case study with a qualitative approach, whose phenomenon is the participation of two (02) programs, the Program of Valorization of the Professional of Basic Attention (PROVAB) and the More Doctors Program (MDP) as Public Health Policies (PHP) focused on medical training for the Primary Health Care (PHC), starting from a ¿paulista¿ context. It aims to analyze the experience and understandings of physicians, management professionals, and Resident Medical (RM) participants about PROVAB and MDP, and to identify the effectiveness of these programs as policy tools for medical training. PROVAB was implemented in 2012 and the MDP in 2013, being the most recent devices for the provision and medical training for the PHC in Brazil, considered the gateway to SUS. Data were collected through semi-structured recorded interviews being later transcribed and applied to 31 key informants (physicians, management professionals, and Medical Residents) involved with PROVAB and MDP, PHC and Medical Education. To provide theoretical support, the databases obtained in consultation with the VHL through LILACS, SCIELO and MEDLINE, as well as books, journalistic informations and theses, among others, were used as a bibliographic research resource. It is worth noting that despite the MDP being implemented in 2013, PROVAB had not been extinguished, and both Programs coexisted in parallel until the beginning of 2015, when the Ministry of Health joined PROVAB to MDP, so that the form of access from here on has become the same. However, the physician with professional registration in Brazil can choose whether or not to obtain the additional 10% points of the RM test if he or she stays for a period of one year working in the family health strategy (FHS) in regions prioritized by the MDP. For the analysis of the data the techniques of Bardin Content Analysis and Data Based Theory were used demonstrating with the messages of the subjects that the implementation of these programs enables the improvement of PHC, and is currently the PHP that understands and favors the medical training directed to work in this primary level of health. / Trata-se de um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa, cujo fenômeno é a participação de dois (02) programas, o Programa de Valorização do Profissional da Atenção Básica (PROVAB) e o Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) como Políticas Públicas de Saúde (PPS) voltadas à formação médica para a Assistência Primária da Saúde (APS), a partir de um contexto paulista. Tem como objetivo analisar a experiência e entendimentos de médicos, profissionais de gestão, e participantes de Residência Médica (RM) sobre o PROVAB e PMM, e identificar a efetividade desses programas como ferramentas de políticas de formação médica. O PROVAB foi implantado em 2012 e o PMM em 2013, sendo os mais recentes dispositivos destinados ao provimento e formação médica para a APS no Brasil, considerada a porta de entrada para o SUS. A coleta dos dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas gravadas e posteriormente transcritas, aplicadas a 32 informantes chaves (médicos, profissionais da gestão, e integrantes de RM) envolvidos com o PROVAB e PMMB, APS e Educação Médica. Para dar sustentação teórica, as bases de dados obtidas em consulta na BVS através do LILACS, SCIELO e MEDLINE, além de livros, informações jornalísticas e teses dentre outras, foram utilizadas como recurso de pesquisa bibliográfica. Vale observar que, apesar do PMM ter sido implantado em 2013, o PROVAB não havia sido extinto, e ambos os Programas coexistiram paralelamente até o princípio do ano de 2015, quando o Ministério da Saúde, integrou o PROVAB ao PMM, de modo que a forma de entrada a partir dai tornou-se única, mas o médico com registro profissional no Brasil pode optar se quer ou não obter a pontuação adicional de 10% da prova de RM, caso permaneça por um período de um ano atuando na ESF nas regiões prioritárias definidas pelo PMM. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizadas as técnicas de Análise do Conteúdo de Bardin e Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, demonstrando com as mensagens dos sujeitos que a implementação desses programas viabiliza a melhoria da APS, e atualmente é a PPS que entende e favorece a formação médica direcionada para atuar nesse nível primário de saúde.

This research project addresses the following: how topical talk operates in the organisation and management of MSE interactions; and how topical talk operates in the co-ordination of specific service requests and service provisions. It draws on a corpus of audio-recorded and transcribed interactions between general practitioners and persons seeking general medical services in suburban clinics in Brisbane, Australia. The corpus comprised a total of 67 medical service events (henceforth MSEs), audio-taped with the full informed consent of the participants. Many contemporary medical sociological accounts of the operation of topical talk in MSEs, typified by the work of Mishler (1981, 1984) and Waitzkin (1991), remain anchored to the 'professional dominance' thesis (Freidson 1970a; 1970b), arguing for the fundamental conflict between two perspectives - lay and professional. Topical talk has been formulated as one expression of this conflict in 'doctor-centred' communicative 'styles' (Byrne and Long 1976; Silverman 1987). Within such accounts, familiar interactional patterns in MSEs, including the content and structure of topics, have been theorised as instruments of power and control whereby the dominance of specialised medical knowledge and expertise are established and maintained. Mishler's (1984) characterisation of the conflict between a biomedically oriented 'voice of medicine' used by professional physicians (henceforth GPs) and a 'voice of the lifeworld' used by persons seeking medical services (henceforth Ps) is an expression of the 'professional dominance' thesis. The voices are characterised as attesting to a fundamental, theoretically problematic, asymmetry of power relations between GPs and Ps, thereby reinforcing the ideological status of professionals in general and the medical profession in particular. Further, recommendations regarding correctives to 'professional dominance' centre on advice GPs to attend to the primacy of Ps' talk on their experiences of illnesses rather than apparently 'ignoring' or transforming these topics into biomedical accounts of disease. This research project critiques this formulation of topical talk and the traditional theoretical and empirical bases on which it has drawn. This critique arises from the application of ethnomethodological approaches to the study of MSEs. Such approaches, as outlined in Chapters 2 and 3, are characterised by a number of conceptual and analytic premises: First, particular social structural features of social activities and the institutional contexts within which activities occur should not be assumed to be the primary criteria for judging the import and adequacy of situated action. Second, the parties to situated social events mutually constitute those events in the real world. Third, issues of agency are collaborative situated accomplishments such that the management of everyday social activities is accomplished by the people involved who show one another the rationalities of their actions as they assemble the familiar scenic features of those same institutional events (Garfinkel 1967; Sacks 1992a, 1992b). These assumptions have been applied in ethnomethodological analyses of social action, including the analysis of professional service encounters that have critiqued the 'professional dominance' thesis (Eglin and Wideman 1986; Sharrock 1979). The novelty of this study is the analysis of the operation of topic organisation as a phenomenon of order. This study also draws on recommendations within Ethnomethodology (Hester & Eglin 1997b; Watson 1997) that sequential and categorial organisations are mutually informative in the analysis of the rationality of situated social action. One of the particular contributions of this thesis is that it not only jointly applies both conversation analysis and membership categorisation analysis but also extends this recommendation to the inclusion of topic analysis as was originally provided for by Sacks (1992a , 1992b) and Garfinkel and Sacks (1970). Within this study a model of analysis has been constructed that has enabled the analytical consideration of four dimensions of social organisation: local sequential, extended sequential, topical and categorial organisations. The theoretical and empirical concepts of ethnomethodogical analysis have thus been developed and extended within this project. The central findings of this study are that in institutional service events, the 'service topic' is both significant and consequential, and that persons constitute themselves as bona fide incumbents of the categories GP or P by attending to their actions as topically organised. The local adequacy of any particular interactional move (such as questioning-answering, greetings, the design of a topic proposal, etc) is shown to be referenced to the service topic. This study found no evidence of potential or actual "struggles" between the 'voice of the life-world and the voice of medicine'. Rather, this study finds routine recognition on the part of both Ps and GPs of the centrality of the service topic and, thereby, the service task, and no evidence of orientation to distinctive biographical contributions staged in competition with biomedically relevant service topics. It is found that Ps' biographical references were made in the context of an assembled service topic such that particular service tasks, however conventional, were constituted as both relevant and reasonable as medical goods and service for the specific service recipient and provider. At the most general level, it is concluded that the service topic operates as a phenomenon of order in MSEs where order, as defined by Garfinkel and Weider (1992: 202), refers to all of the rationalities evident in the generic features of institutional events and settings, that is, the situated logic and intelligibility as well as the procedures whereby they are constituted as recognisable social events. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for the theorisation, policy-making, medical education, and practices of GPs and Ps within MSEs. Overall, the significance of this work for researchers into medical interactions is that the relevance of the service topic and its pervasive organisational consequences need to be considered analytically. A major outcome of this thesis is the establishment of a new order of interest within the study of institutional interactions. The project demonstrates the pervasive consequences of service topics and thus provides a step forward in the study of institutional service interactions and ways of theorising their rationality, a step that extends beyond social structural pre-theorisations of power and domination and also beyond interactional accounts of the primary relevance of turn taking structures.

Based on extended research on Chinese medical and epidemiological archival material dating back to the beginning of the 20th century, and on six months of internship in epidemiology in Beijing’s Medical School and in Haidian District’s Centre of Disease Control and Prevention, this thesis explores the conjunction of three major epidemiological crises in modern Chinese history with processes of State formation: the 1911 Manchurian pneumonic plague, the 1952 germ-warfare, and the 2003 SARS outbreak. Analysing the three crises as Events in line with Alain Badiou’s epistemology it seeks to establish how different strategies of governmental fidelity to the imagined cause of each crisis have led to distinct modes of organisation and valorisation of the social: Republican China and its decline to fascism; the clash between professional revolutionaries and technocrats in Maoist China; and the emergence of the “Harmonious Society” of mass exploitation and repression today. This conjunction between State formation and epidemiological Events is explored with the use of Foucault’s genealogical method in a quest for a historical materialist approach that posits at its epicentre processes of class composition, decomposition and recomposition, and their contested enclosure by the governmental apparati of capture. The present thesis thus examines the three major epidemiological crises of modern China as forming grounds for biopolitical strategies that give rise to modes of subjectivation and circuits of debt/guilt within the context of the class struggle. And at the same time, it aims to create a new field of investigation for anthropology: the relation of State and Event, from a viewpoint that contests the accepted relation of event and structure expounded by Marshall Sahlins, proposing as the main object of this investigation the conjunction between necessity and will that can never be reduced either to the naturalism of historical determinism, nor to the culturalism of subjective contingency.

Afin de lutter contre la mortalité maternelle dont les taux restent encore élevés avec 401 pour 100 000 naissances vivantes en 2005, le Sénégal a mis en œuvre dans la continuité de ses stratégies novatrices de délégation de compétences pour renforcer l’accès aux soins obstétricaux et néonataux d’urgence, un programme alternatif de formation au D.E.S de Gynécologie et Obstétrique de médecins généralistes basés dans les zones éloignées. A partir du curriculum du programme classique, ce programme allie l’enseignement à distance à l’aide des Nouvelles Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication, des stages pratiques dans les sites du CHU, le coaching par les enseignants du CHU dans les Centres de santé où officient les médecins apprenants, des évaluations en ligne et les évaluations annuelles formelles du programme de formation classique. Il a été mis en œuvre dans deux districts du Sénégal par la Chaire de Gynécologie et d’Obstétrique du CHU de Dakar. Ce travail présente l’évaluation à mi-parcours de ce programme en analysant son implantation et ses effets à travers une étude de cas, grâce à des données qualitatives et quantitatives. Les résultats montrent : une évolution favorable des indicateurs sanitaires dans les deux sites du programme comparativement aux sites témoins, une augmentation du niveau de connaissance et de compétence des apprenants, et un niveau de satisfaction élevé des deux apprenants, des enseignants et des bénéficiaires. Cependant, des améliorations sont à apporter dans la mise en œuvre du programme en particulier en termes d’opérationnalisation des innovations pédagogiques, de coordination et de pérennisation par le Ministère de la Santé. / In order to reduce high level of maternal mortality rate estimated in 2005 at 401/100 000 live births, and following task shifting innovative strategies already initiated in the country to increase access to emergency obstetric care in Senegal, an alternative training program has been implemented for general medical doctors working in remote areas, to be effective obstetricians gynecologists. Adapted from the normal curriculum, this program combines distance learning using new information and communication technology, practical training in university facilities, coaching and mentoring by university teachers in learners’ heath centers, on line evaluations and also formal annual evaluations such as the normal program. The program has been implemented in two districts in Senegal by Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of Dakar University. This midterm evaluation analyzes the program implementation and effects using case study with qualitative and quantitative data. Results show a positive evolution of emergency obstetric care indicators compared with two control districts, an increased level of trainees’ knowledge and skills, and also satisfaction of trainees, trainers and beneficiaries. However, some weaknesses have been identified in the program implementation particularly regarding implementation of new training innovations, coordination and sustainability by Ministry of Health.

An examination of Teresa of Avila and John of the Cross, applying modern theories of gender and sexuality to the textual analysis of a selection of primary written works and biographical works, in order to determine the roles that they play, not only in the case of these two saints of the Catholic Church, but also within the mystical tradition as a whole.

A tese analisa mudanças que estão ocorrendo nos cursos de medicina no Brasil, a partir do Programa Mais Médicos e dos Novos Parâmetros Curriculares, e na Espanha, a partir da criação do Espaço Europeu de Educação Superior (EEES), visando desenvolver um novo perfil médico. No Brasil, visa-se uma formação geral, humanista, que qualifique médicos para atuar principalmente na Atenção Básica do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Na Espanha, investe-se na formação de um médico que associe a pesquisa à sua prática, criando um profissional mais competitivo. Do currículo de dois cursos foram selecionadas as disciplinas de Saúde Coletiva e Seminário Integrador, na Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, e Inovação Biomédica e Novas Tecnologias, na Universidade de Valladolid. Foram realizadas observações em aula, entrevistas com professores e aplicados questionários com alunos dos dois cursos. Utilizou-se a metodologia de Estudo de Caso (YIN, 2005; STAKE, 2010), com apoio no estudo comparado (BADIE; HERMET, 1993). A concepção de inovação nesta tese se sustenta em autores como Santos, Lucarelli, Leite, Cunha, dentre outros. Considera-se inovação em educação: um movimento de ruptura com o modelo de conhecimento hegemônico da ciência; que seja promotora de participação e protagonismo dos sujeitos; de relações sustentadas na cooperação e solidariedade; de partilha de saberes e de poderes; integração de teoria e prática e de ensino e trabalho; que pode ocorrer em diferentes cenários de aprendizagem. A inovação pedagógica também foi considerada em relação ao grau de distanciamento com o padrão tradicional de formação médica. Acredita-se que o que está em jogo, em especial no cenário brasileiro, é a disputa entre dois modelos de atenção e formação médica. Foi possível identificar a coexistência de dois modelos de formação nos casos estudados: o biomédico, tradicional, presente na racionalidade médica e nas práticas pedagógicas, bem como na resistência de alguns alunos e professores, que não aceitam a proposta voltada para Atenção Básica, integralidade e humanização, no caso brasileiro; e, no caso espanhol, a tensão aparece igualmente na resistência e descrença à inovações de práticas pedagógicas e propostas fora do modelo hegemônico da ciência. Para análise do campo médico e de certas resistências encontradas na formação no Brasil e Espanha foram utilizados conceitos de Bourdieu. / The thesis analyzes the changes taking place in Medicine courses in Brazil through the “More Doctors” Program and the New Curricular Parameters; and in Spain, through the creation of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), aiming to develop a new medical profile. In Brazil, it aims a general, humanist education that qualifies doctors to act mainly in Basic Health Care from Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). In Spain, they invest in the education of a physician who associates research to his or her practice, creating a more competitive professional. From the curriculum of two courses, the subjects of Collective Health and Integrator Seminar, at the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, and Biomedical Innovation and New Technologies, at the University of Valladolid, were selected. Class observations, interview with professors were made and questionnaires with students from the two courses were applied. Case Study Method was used (YIN, 2005; STAKE, 2010), through a comparative approach (BADIE; HERMET, 1993). The conception of innovation in this thesis is supported by authors such as Lucarelli, Leite, Cunha, among others. It is considered innovation in education: a rupture movement with the hegemonic Science knowledge model; that promotes participation; of relations based on cooperation and solidarity; of knowledge and power sharing; integration of theory and practice and of teaching and working. It may occur in different learning scenarios. The pedagogical innovation was also considered in relation to the degree of detachment with the traditional pattern of medical education. It is believed that what is at stake, especially in Brazilian scenario, is the dispute between two models of care and medical education. It was possible to identify the coexistence of two education models in the two cases studied: the biomedical, traditional, present in medical rationality and in pedagogical practices, as well as in the resistance of some students and professor, who do not accept the proposal focused on Basic Health Care, integrality and humanization, in Brazilian case; in the Spanish case, the tension also appears in the resistance and disbelief to the innovation of pedagogical practices and in the proposals out of the hegemonic Science model. For analysis of medical field and of certain resistances found in education in Brazil and Spain, Bourdieu’s concepts were used. / Esta tesis analiza los cambios que están ocurriendo en los cursos de medicina en Brasil, a partir del Programa Más Médicos y los Nuevos Parámetros Curriculares; y en España, a partir de la creación del Espacio Europeo de la Educación Superior (EEES), con el objetivo de desarrollar un nuevo perfil médico. En Brasil, se objetiva una formación general, humanista, que cualifique médicos para actuar principalmente en la Atención Básica del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). En España, se objetiva la formación de un médico que asocie la investigación a su práctica, creando un profesional más competitivo. Del currículo de los dos cursos, fueron seleccionadas las asignaturas de Salud Colectiva y Seminario Integrador en la Universidad Federal da Fronteira Sul, e Innovación Biomédica y Nuevas Tecnologías en la Universidad de Valladolid. Fueron realizadas observaciones en clase, entrevistas con profesores y se aplicaron cuestionarios con alumnos de los dos cursos. Fue utilizada la metodología Estudio de Caso (YIN, 2005; STAKE, 2010), con apoyo en el estudio comparado (BADIE; HERMET, 1993). La concepción de innovación en esta tesis, está sustentada en autores como Santos, Lucarelli, Leite, Cunha, entre otros. Se considera innovación en educación: un movimiento de ruptura con el modelo de conocimiento hegemónico de la ciencia; que promueva la participación y la protagonización de los sujetos; de relaciones sustentadas en la cooperación y la solidaridad; de compartir saberes y poderes; integración de teoría y práctica, y de enseñanza y trabajo; y, pudiendo ocurrir en diferentes escenarios del aprendizaje. La innovación pedagógica también fue considerada en relación al grado de distanciamiento con el modelo tradicional de la formación médica. Se cree que lo que está en juego, en especial en el escenario brasileño, es la disputa entre dos modelos de atención y formación médica. Fue posible identificar la existencia de dos modelos de formación en los casos estudiados: el biomédico, tradicional, presente en la racionalidad médica y en las prácticas pedagógicas, así como, la resistencia de algunos alumnos y profesores, que no aceptan la propuesta enfocada en la Atención Básica, integralidad y humanización, en el caso brasileño; y, en el caso español, la tensión aparece de igual forma en la resistencia y descreimiento con respecto a las innovaciones de prácticas y propuestas fuera del modelo hegemónico de la ciencia. Para el análisis del campo médico y de ciertas resistencias encontradas en la formación, en Brasil y España, fueron utilizados los conceptos de Bourdieu.

A tese analisa mudanças que estão ocorrendo nos cursos de medicina no Brasil, a partir do Programa Mais Médicos e dos Novos Parâmetros Curriculares, e na Espanha, a partir da criação do Espaço Europeu de Educação Superior (EEES), visando desenvolver um novo perfil médico. No Brasil, visa-se uma formação geral, humanista, que qualifique médicos para atuar principalmente na Atenção Básica do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Na Espanha, investe-se na formação de um médico que associe a pesquisa à sua prática, criando um profissional mais competitivo. Do currículo de dois cursos foram selecionadas as disciplinas de Saúde Coletiva e Seminário Integrador, na Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, e Inovação Biomédica e Novas Tecnologias, na Universidade de Valladolid. Foram realizadas observações em aula, entrevistas com professores e aplicados questionários com alunos dos dois cursos. Utilizou-se a metodologia de Estudo de Caso (YIN, 2005; STAKE, 2010), com apoio no estudo comparado (BADIE; HERMET, 1993). A concepção de inovação nesta tese se sustenta em autores como Santos, Lucarelli, Leite, Cunha, dentre outros. Considera-se inovação em educação: um movimento de ruptura com o modelo de conhecimento hegemônico da ciência; que seja promotora de participação e protagonismo dos sujeitos; de relações sustentadas na cooperação e solidariedade; de partilha de saberes e de poderes; integração de teoria e prática e de ensino e trabalho; que pode ocorrer em diferentes cenários de aprendizagem. A inovação pedagógica também foi considerada em relação ao grau de distanciamento com o padrão tradicional de formação médica. Acredita-se que o que está em jogo, em especial no cenário brasileiro, é a disputa entre dois modelos de atenção e formação médica. Foi possível identificar a coexistência de dois modelos de formação nos casos estudados: o biomédico, tradicional, presente na racionalidade médica e nas práticas pedagógicas, bem como na resistência de alguns alunos e professores, que não aceitam a proposta voltada para Atenção Básica, integralidade e humanização, no caso brasileiro; e, no caso espanhol, a tensão aparece igualmente na resistência e descrença à inovações de práticas pedagógicas e propostas fora do modelo hegemônico da ciência. Para análise do campo médico e de certas resistências encontradas na formação no Brasil e Espanha foram utilizados conceitos de Bourdieu. / The thesis analyzes the changes taking place in Medicine courses in Brazil through the “More Doctors” Program and the New Curricular Parameters; and in Spain, through the creation of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), aiming to develop a new medical profile. In Brazil, it aims a general, humanist education that qualifies doctors to act mainly in Basic Health Care from Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). In Spain, they invest in the education of a physician who associates research to his or her practice, creating a more competitive professional. From the curriculum of two courses, the subjects of Collective Health and Integrator Seminar, at the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, and Biomedical Innovation and New Technologies, at the University of Valladolid, were selected. Class observations, interview with professors were made and questionnaires with students from the two courses were applied. Case Study Method was used (YIN, 2005; STAKE, 2010), through a comparative approach (BADIE; HERMET, 1993). The conception of innovation in this thesis is supported by authors such as Lucarelli, Leite, Cunha, among others. It is considered innovation in education: a rupture movement with the hegemonic Science knowledge model; that promotes participation; of relations based on cooperation and solidarity; of knowledge and power sharing; integration of theory and practice and of teaching and working. It may occur in different learning scenarios. The pedagogical innovation was also considered in relation to the degree of detachment with the traditional pattern of medical education. It is believed that what is at stake, especially in Brazilian scenario, is the dispute between two models of care and medical education. It was possible to identify the coexistence of two education models in the two cases studied: the biomedical, traditional, present in medical rationality and in pedagogical practices, as well as in the resistance of some students and professor, who do not accept the proposal focused on Basic Health Care, integrality and humanization, in Brazilian case; in the Spanish case, the tension also appears in the resistance and disbelief to the innovation of pedagogical practices and in the proposals out of the hegemonic Science model. For analysis of medical field and of certain resistances found in education in Brazil and Spain, Bourdieu’s concepts were used. / Esta tesis analiza los cambios que están ocurriendo en los cursos de medicina en Brasil, a partir del Programa Más Médicos y los Nuevos Parámetros Curriculares; y en España, a partir de la creación del Espacio Europeo de la Educación Superior (EEES), con el objetivo de desarrollar un nuevo perfil médico. En Brasil, se objetiva una formación general, humanista, que cualifique médicos para actuar principalmente en la Atención Básica del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). En España, se objetiva la formación de un médico que asocie la investigación a su práctica, creando un profesional más competitivo. Del currículo de los dos cursos, fueron seleccionadas las asignaturas de Salud Colectiva y Seminario Integrador en la Universidad Federal da Fronteira Sul, e Innovación Biomédica y Nuevas Tecnologías en la Universidad de Valladolid. Fueron realizadas observaciones en clase, entrevistas con profesores y se aplicaron cuestionarios con alumnos de los dos cursos. Fue utilizada la metodología Estudio de Caso (YIN, 2005; STAKE, 2010), con apoyo en el estudio comparado (BADIE; HERMET, 1993). La concepción de innovación en esta tesis, está sustentada en autores como Santos, Lucarelli, Leite, Cunha, entre otros. Se considera innovación en educación: un movimiento de ruptura con el modelo de conocimiento hegemónico de la ciencia; que promueva la participación y la protagonización de los sujetos; de relaciones sustentadas en la cooperación y la solidaridad; de compartir saberes y poderes; integración de teoría y práctica, y de enseñanza y trabajo; y, pudiendo ocurrir en diferentes escenarios del aprendizaje. La innovación pedagógica también fue considerada en relación al grado de distanciamiento con el modelo tradicional de la formación médica. Se cree que lo que está en juego, en especial en el escenario brasileño, es la disputa entre dos modelos de atención y formación médica. Fue posible identificar la existencia de dos modelos de formación en los casos estudiados: el biomédico, tradicional, presente en la racionalidad médica y en las prácticas pedagógicas, así como, la resistencia de algunos alumnos y profesores, que no aceptan la propuesta enfocada en la Atención Básica, integralidad y humanización, en el caso brasileño; y, en el caso español, la tensión aparece de igual forma en la resistencia y descreimiento con respecto a las innovaciones de prácticas y propuestas fuera del modelo hegemónico de la ciencia. Para el análisis del campo médico y de ciertas resistencias encontradas en la formación, en Brasil y España, fueron utilizados los conceptos de Bourdieu.

Submitted by Daniele Amaral (daniee_ni@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-21T19:58:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFCO.pdf: 2003227 bytes, checksum: a2f2f4fc35046aff951c586e8362a783 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-30T18:25:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFCO.pdf: 2003227 bytes, checksum: a2f2f4fc35046aff951c586e8362a783 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-30T18:27:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFCO.pdf: 2003227 bytes, checksum: a2f2f4fc35046aff951c586e8362a783 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-30T18:35:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFCO.pdf: 2003227 bytes, checksum: a2f2f4fc35046aff951c586e8362a783 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / Não recebi financiamento / The word "Health" changed your senses throughout the XX century and their sense of contours are linked to the concept of "Quality of Life". One of the causes was the humanities approach of Medical Sciences and there is thus a kind of biopolitical power locking dialogue between areas, indicating a spectrum tends to be humanizing to distinct areas of knowledge. Health is not only biological, but biopsychosocial-ideological-discursive. Believing that there is in the origin of the term, an early unravel the clues and the humanist phantasmagoria, that would call for an analysis of the rationality of the crisis, by his closest shafts: texts and speeches. Here it is worth, in this thesis, think how Bakhtin (1895 -1975) could contribute to the Medical Sciences, even if it was even written about them. A careful analysis of the discourses of humanization and texts circulated by the official media - especially in the Folha de S. Paulo, March 2013 to November 2014 - on the program "More Doctors" (in portuguese: “Mais Médicos”) and the speech – in October 2013 - the President of the Republic, Dilma Rousseff sanctioning the law that enacted the debated health program, and are starting point for understanding the events and indications occurred and occurring changes in language, ideologies, in subjects and society. It is proposed, therefore, to discuss how heterogeneous, divergent and convergent discourses of Humanization intertwined and are constitutive of each other in the social game in building a more human science, humanistic Bakhtin called. The doctoral research was divided into an interpretation of three designs and two times: the man; the chronotope (time / space); and the Culture; looking for, at first, to understand the dialogic games and tensions that occur within the change within the word "Health". Primarily through the use of the word as ideological sign. In a second stage, took advantage of the theoretical and methodological principles of mutual comparison in GERALDI (2010 and 2012) in four stages: 1) To understand the material dimensions of the sign - the word as an ideological sign; 2) To check your social recognition; 3) To understand their context; and, 4) To interpret the active-dialogical understanding the texts on the program "More Doctors", attempting to analyze the official discourse and everyday counter-discourses tensioning changing the paradigm word "Health", at the beginning of XXI century. In short, in a world that has a tension between the mechanism and humanism, this thesis advocates the humane medicine front of purely objective and abstract technicist medicine, that is, advocates medicine as necessary reflection of the humanities. / La palabra "Salud" cambió sus direcciones a lo largo de todo el siglo XX, y su sentido, hoy, están relacionados con el concepto de "calidad de vida". Una de las causas fue el enfoque de humanidades en las Ciencias Médicas, lo que indica un espectro que tiende a humanizar a los diferentes campos del saber. La salud no es sólo biológico, sino biopsicosocial-ideológicodiscursiva. Creer que hay que hacer, en el origen del término, un temprano desentrañar las pistas y la fantasmagoría humanista, lo que exigiría un análisis de la crisis de la racionalidad, del siglo pasado, por sus ejes más cercanos: textos y discursos. Aquí vale la pena, en esta tesis, piensar cómo Bakhtin (1895 -1975) podría contribuir a las Ciencias Médicas, sin haber siquiera escrito sobre ellos. Un análisis cuidadoso de la humanización de discursos y textos difundidos por los medios oficiales - especialmente en Folha de S. Paulo, marzo 2013 hasta noviembre 2014 - en el programa “Más Médicos” y discurso - en octubre de 2013 - el Presidente de la República, Dilma Rousseff sancionar la ley que promulgó el programa de salud debatido, estará aquí el punto de partida para comprender la ocurrencia de los hechos y de las indicaciones y que se producen los cambios en el lenguaje, las ideologías, en los sujetos y la sociedad. Se propone, por lo tanto, para discutir la forma heterogénea, divergente y convergente de los discursos de Humanización entrelazados y que son constitutivas en el juego social en la construcción de una ciencia más humana, Humanística, llamada por Bajtín. En un primer momento, para entender los juegos dialógicos y las tensiones que se producen en el cambio dentro de la palabra "Salud". En un según momento, se aprovechó de los principios teóricos y metodológicos de comparación mutua en GERALDI (2010 y 2012) en cuatro etapas: 1) Para entender las dimensiones materiales de la senãl - la palabra como un signo ideológico; 2) Para comprobar su reconocimiento social; 3) Para entender su comprensión en un contexto; y 4) Interpretar el entendimiento activo dialógica de textos sobre el programa “Más Médicos”. En resumen, en un mundo que tiene una tensión entre el mecanismo y el humanismo, esta tesis defiende el frente medicina humana de la medicina puramente objetivo y abstracto tecnicicista, es decir, aboga por la medicina como necesaria a la reflexión de las humanidades. / A palavra “Saúde” mudou seus sentidos ao longo, principalmente, do século XX, e seus contornos estão, hoje, ligados ao conceito de “Qualidade de Vida”. Uma das causas foi as Ciências Humanas se aproximar das Ciências Médicas e há com isso uma espécie de poder biopolítico travando diálogo entre as áreas, que indica um espectro que tende a ser humanizador para os distintos campos do conhecimento. A saúde não é apenas biológica, mas biopsicossocial-ideológica-discursiva. Acreditando que há nisto, na origem do termo, um início do desvendar e pistas da fantasmagoria humanista, que passariam por uma análise da chamada crise da racionalidade, do último século, por seus veios mais íntimos: pelos textos e pela ordem dos discursos. Aqui vale, nesta tese, pensar como BAKHTIN (1895 -1975) pode contribuir para as ciências da médicas, mesmo não tendo sequer escrito sobre elas. Uma análise dos discursos de humanização e textos que circularam pela grande mídia – em especial na Folha de S. Paulo, de Março de 2013 a Novembro de 2014 - sobre o programa Mais Médicos e o discurso - em Outubro de 2013 - da presidente da república, Dilma Rousseff sancionando a lei que promulgou o programa de saúde debatido, será, aqui, ponto de partida para se entender os acontecimentos e indícios de mudanças ocorridas e ocorrentes na linguagem, nas ideologias, nos sujeitos e sociedade. Propõe-se, portanto, discutir como os discursos heterogêneos, divergentes e convergentes da Humanização se interpenetram e são constitutivos um do outro no jogo social na construção de uma ciência mais humana, do que poderia ser uma humanística bakhtiniana (tentativa de transformar o instável em estável lógico e matemático); porém o humanismo bakhtiniano (jogo dialógico e vivo entre a sensibilidade ética e lógica moral) é mais abrangente que uma ciência, ou mesmo uma tese, portanto defende-se antes de tudo o Humanismo nesta tese. Para isso, dividiu-se a pesquisa de doutoramento em uma interpretação de três concepções agindo sobre a força motora do Devir: a do Homem; a do Cronotopo (tempo/espaço); e a da Cultura. Procurando em dois momentos estabelecer uma análise crítica: em um primeiro, entender os jogos dialógicos e as tensões que se dão no interior da mudança na palavra “Saúde”. Conquanto haja um mergulho na importância do pensamento bakhtiniano, principalmente pelo uso da palavra como signo ideológico. Em um segundo momento, valeu-se dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de cotejamento em GERALDI (2010 e 2012) em quatro estágios: 1) Para perceber as dimensões materiais do signo – da palavra enquanto signo ideológico; 2) Para verificar seu reconhecimento social; 3) Para entender sua compreensão em um contexto; e 4) Para interpretar a compreensão ativa-dialógica dos textos sobre o programa “Mais Médicos”, procurando assim ler o discurso oficial e os contradiscursos cotidianos que tensionam a mudança do paradigma da palavra “Saúde” neste início de século XXI. Em suma, em um mundo em que há uma tensão entre o mecanicismo e o humanismo, esta tese defende a Medicina Humanizada frente à Medicina puramente tecnicista objetivista e abstrata, isto é, defende a Medicina como reflexão necessária das Ciências Humanas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-05-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:32:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 miller_cp_me_rcla.pdf: 3150369 bytes, checksum: 8e19c2311fcd7fb076f6035c71ce235f (MD5) / Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo o estudo documentado da evolução histórica do Doutorado em Matemática no Brasil, no período de 1842, quando foi instituído o Doutorado na Escola Militar, até 1937 na então Escola Politécnica. Foi articulado a partir de quatro bases: as origens do ensino da Matemática; o ambiente acadêmico em que o doutorado se firmou; a documentação da época (Decretos e Teses) e a biografia dos autores, sendo permeado por dados históricos do Brasil. O trabalho divide-se em duas partes. A primeira parte focaliza a temática proposta. A evolução do trabalho contou com a interferência marcante de documentos originais - fontes primárias, além de fontes secundárias e obras de referência. A segunda parte denominou-se Documental. Esta foi produzida por intensa pesquisa de campo em instituições como a Biblioteca Nacional - R.J.; Biblioteca de Obras Raras do Centro Tecnológico - UFRJ.; Biblioteca do Clube de Engenharia - R.J.; Bibliotecas da UNESP, além de pesquisas on-line. Ressaltamos que esse trabalho produziu com exclusividade uma tabela que relaciona as Teses apresentadas, seus Autores e informa a localização atual delas. Trata-se de uma referência aos que pretenderem aprofundar seus estudos em relação à História da Pesquisa Matemática no Brasil. / This research aims at investigating the PhD historical development in Mathematics in Brazil, from 1842, when the first PhD course was created in the Militar School, to 1937 when it was created in the Politechnical School. Four bases were used to articulate this study: the origins of Mathematics teaching; the academic environment in which the PhD course was consolidated; historical documentation (Decrees and Thesis) and the autors' biographies, being permeated by Brazilian historical data. The study is divided in two parts. The first one focuses on the theme that was proposed. The evolution of this study counted on the remarking interference of original documents - primary sources, besides the secondary sources and the references. The second part of the study was called Documental. It was carried out with intense fieldwork in institutions like the National Library in Rio de Janeiro; The Library of Rare Works of the Technological Center - UFRJ; The Library of the Engeneering Club in Rio de Janeiro; The Sao Paulo State University Libraries, besides online research. It is important to highlight that this study has produced with exclusivisity a table that shows the theses presented, their authors and their present location. It is a reference for those who intend to improve their knowledge concerning the History of Mathematics Research in Brazil.