L’objet de notre recherche en didactique des mathématiques est d’étudier l’introduction des technologies numériques comme environnement complémentaire à des manipulations concrètes. Nous définissons les duos d’artefacts comme l’articulation fructueuse entre un artefact numérique et un artefact matériel qui soit une plus-value pour les apprentissages. L’approche instrumentale de Rabardel nous permet d’établir les critères de cette articulation; chaque artefact du duo enrichit l’autre à travers les instruments construits. Un duo d’artefacts provoque des genèses instrumentales associées. Afin de fonder les conditions d’un apprentissage au sens de Brousseau, un duo n’existe que lorsqu’il est mobilisé dans une situation didactique. Notre enjeu est alors d’élaborer un duo d’artefacts incluant le compas matériel en vue de la conceptualisation du triangle à partir de sa construction à la règle et au compas. La composition du duo et son orchestration dans une situation ont pour intention de faire émerger une nouvelle genèse instrumentale du compas et, selon les travaux de Duval, une déconstruction dimensionnelle 1D du triangle. Des expérimentations en classe nous ont permis de valider l’hypothèse selon laquelle la situation et le duo provoquent l’élaboration d’un nouvel instrument compas pour faire pivoter un segment. Le modèle de conceptions de Balacheff nous a aussi permis d’identifier l’évolution des conceptions des élèves sur le triangle et le cercle au fil de la situation, en particulier l’apparition d’une vision 1D du triangle comme une ligne brisée fermée et d’une caractérisation du cercle comme la trajectoire d’une extrémité d’un segment pivoté. / Our research project in didactics of mathematics is to study the use of digital technologies as a complementary environment to concrete manipulations. We define a duo of artefacts as the fruitful link between a digital artefact and a material one in such a way that this linking is an added value for the learning process. The instrumental approach of Rabardel allows us to establish the requirements for this link, each artefact enriching the other through the constructed instruments. A duo of artefacts sets off associated instrumental geneses. In order to base the conditions of the learning process, in the sense of Brousseau, a duo exists only when it is mobilized in a didactic situation. Our issue is to develop a duo of artifacts including the pair of compasses for the conceptualization of the triangle in the teaching of its geometric construction. The composition of the duo and its orchestration in a didactic situation are intended to bring out a new instrumental genesis of the compasses and, according to Duval's work, a 1D dimensional deconstruction of the triangle. Experiments in classes have enabled us to validate the hypothesis that the situation and the duo cause the development of a new pair of compasses instrument to rotate a segment. Balacheff's model of conceptions also allowed us to identify the evolution of pupils' conceptions of the triangle and the circle as the situation progressed, specifically the improvement of a 1D vision of the triangle as a closed broken line and a characterization of the circle as the trajectory of one end of a pivoted segment.

O tratamento minimamente invasivo tem sido cada vez mais empregado no tratamento das lesões de cárie dental, especialmente em crianças jovens. Com isso, a remoção do tecido cariado pelo método químico-mecânico permite uma maior conservação das estruturas dentais saudáveis. O Papacárie Duo® é um material de fácil aplicação e possui propriedades bactericidas e anti-inflamatórias. Este material é aplicado sobre a dentina cariada, a fim de promover um amolecimento desta, facilitando a sua remoção. Os efeitos celulares de Papacárie Duo® são pouco conhecidos, dessa forma esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do Papacárie Duo® em células indiferenciadas da polpa dental (Capítulo 1) e a capacidade do Papacárie Duo® induzir a ativação de macrófagos e a síntese de mediadores inflamatórios (Capítulo 2). O Papacarie Duo® foi preparado nas concentrações de 0,5 e 5% por meio de diluição seriada, a partir do gel obtido comercialmente. Células OD-21 e macrófagos J774.1 foram mantidas em cultura com os diferentes tratamentos por um período de estimulação de 24 horas para realização do teste de citotoxicidade (Ensaio LDH) e por 36 horas para avaliação da proliferação celular (Ensaio Colorimétrico MTT). A seguir foi realizada avaliação da expressão gênica relativa dos genes Ibsp, Runx2 e Spp1 em células OD-21; e dos genes Il10, Mmp9, Ptgs2 e Tnf em células J774.1, pelo método de transcrição reversa e reação em cadeia de polimerase em tempo real (qRT-PCR), utilizando o sistema TaqMan® após estimulação o período de 24 horas. O Papacárie Duo® a 5% foi citotóxico às células da polpa dental e inibiu a proliferação celular, assim como a expressão de Runx2 e Ibsp. Porém em ambas as concentrações estimulou a expressão de Spp1, a qual foi maior na concentração de 5%. Em macrófagos, o Papacárie Duo® foi citotóxico na concentração de 5%, mas não influenciou a proliferação celular em nenhuma das concentrações (0,5 e 5%). O LPS inibiu a proliferação celular na presença ou não de Papacárie Duo®, sem apresentar citotoxicidade. O Papacárie Duo® induziu a expressão de Ptgs2 e Il10, sem alterar Tnf e Mmp9. Portanto, o Papacárie Duo® foi citotóxico, dependendo da concentração, e apresentou efeito inibitório na diferenciação de células da polpa (OD-21), sem entretanto influenciar a proliferação celular. Papacárie Duo® não impediu a proliferação de macrófagos, porém foi citotóxico na concentração de 5% mas não à 0,5%. Adicionalmente, Papacárie Duo® modulou a ativação de macrófagos pela indução da expressão de Ptgs2 e Il10, sem alterar a expressão de Tnf e Mmp9. / The minimally invasive treatment has been increasingly used in the treatment of dental caries, particularly in young children. Thus, the removal of carious tissue by chemical-mechanical method allows greater conservation of healthy tooth structure. The Papacárie Duo® is an easily applied material, and has bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties. This material is applied over the carious dentin in order to promote a softening thereof, facilitating its removal. The cellular effects of Papacárie Duo® are little known, therefore this research was to evaluate the effect of Papacárie Duo® in undifferentiated cells from dental pulp (Chapter 1) and the capacity of Papacárie Duo® to induce macrophage activation and synthesis inflammatory mediators (Chapter 2). The Papacárie Duo® was prepared at concentrations of 0.5 and 5% by serial dilution from the gel obtained commercially. OD-21 cells and J774.1 macrophages were maintained in culture with the different treatments for a period of 24 hours to perform the cytotoxicity assay (LDH assay) and for 36 hours for evaluation of cell proliferation (MTT colorimetric assay). The following, was carried out the assessment of the relative gene expression of Ibsp, Runx2 and Spp1 genes in OD-21 cells, and Il10, Mmp9, Tnf and Ptgs2 in J774.1 cells by reverse transcription method and reaction in real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using the TaqMan system after the stimulation period of 24 hours. The 5% Papacárie Duo® was cytotoxic to cells of dental pulp and inhibited cell proliferation and the expression of Runx2 and Ibsp. However, in both concentrations stimulated the expression of Spp1, which was higher at a concentration of 5%. In macrophages, the Papacárie Duo® was cytotoxic at concentrations of 5%, but did not affect the cell proliferation in any of the concentrations (0.5 and 5%). LPS inhibited cell proliferation in the presence or absence of Papacárie Duo® without giving cytotoxicity. The Papacárie Duo® induced the expression of Ptgs2 and Il10, without changing Tnf and Mmp9. Therefore, the Papacárie Duo® was cytotoxic, depending on the concentration, and showed inhibitory effect on the differentiation of pulp cells (OD-21), but without influencing cell proliferation. Papacárie Duo® not prevent macrophage proliferation, but was cytotoxic at a concentration of 5% but not more than 0.5%. Additionally, Papacárie Duo® modulated the activation of macrophages by inducing Il10 and Ptgs2 expression without altering the expression of ,Tnf, and Mmp9.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MoacirGS_TESE.pdf: 4771867 bytes, checksum: f93165e08f62a97944b6eed01b488995 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-10 / Among the industries, those that produce ceramic porcelain for use in construction industry and oil, during the exploration and production period, play an important role in the production of waste. Much research has been carried out both by academia and the productive sector, sometimes reintroducing them in the same production line that generated them, sometimes in areas unrelated to their generation, as in the production of concrete and mortar for the construction, for example, but each one in an isolated way. In this research, the aim is to study the combined incorporation of the waste drill cuttings of oil well and the residue of the polishing of porcelain, generated in the final stage of finishing of this product in a clay matrix, for the production of red pottery, specifically bricks, ceramic blocks and tiles. The clay comes from the municipality of S?o Gon?alo, RN, the drilling waste is from the Natal basin, in Rio Grande do Norte, and the residue of the polishing proceeds from a ceramic porcelain of the State of Para?ba. For this purpose, we used a mixture of a plastic clay with a non-plastic, in a ratio of 50% each, settling formulations with the addition of these two residues in this clay matrix. In the formulations, both residues were incorporated with a minimum percentage of 2.5% and maximum of 12.5%, varying from 2.5% each, in each formulation, which the sum of the waste be no more than 15%. It should be noted that the residue of the polishing of ceramic porcelain is a IIa class (not inert). The materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, TG, DTA, laser granulometry and the plasticity index. The technological properties of water absorption, apparent porosity, linear shrinkage of burning, flexural tensile strength and bulk density were evaluated after the sintering of the pieces to 850 ?C, 950 ?C and 1050 ?C, with a burning time of 3 hr, 3 hr and 30 minutes, and 3 hr and 50 minutes, respectively, with a heating rate of 10 ?C/minute, for all formulations and landing of 30 minutes. To better understand the influence of each residue and temperature on the evaluated properties, we used the factorial planning and its surfaces of response for the interpretation of the results. It was found that the temperature has no statistical significance at a 95% of reliability level in flexural tensile strength and that it decreases the water absorption and the porosity, but increases the shrinkage and the bulk density. The results showed the feasibility of the desired incorporation, but adjusting the temperature to each product and formulation, and that the temperatures of 850 ?C and 950 ?C were the one that responded to the largest number of formulations / A ind?stria de produ??o de porcelanatos para uso na constru??o civil e a do petr?leo, na fase de explora??o e produ??o, exercem um papel importante na produ??o de res?duos. Muitas pesquisas t?m sido realizadas tanto pela academia quanto pelo setor produtivo, ora reintroduzindo esses res?duos na mesma linha de produ??o que os gerou, ora em setores alheios ao de sua gera??o, como na produ??o de concretos e argamassas para a constru??o civil, por exemplo, mas cada um de forma isolada. O objetivo desta pesquisa ? estudar a incorpora??o combinada do res?duo de cascalho de perfura??o de po?o petrol?fero e do res?duo do polimento do porcelanato, gerado na fase de acabamento final do produto, numa matriz argilosa, para a produ??o de cer?mica vermelha - especificamente tijolos, blocos cer?micos e telhas. A argila utilizada ? oriunda do munic?pio de S?o Gon?alo do Amarante, RN; o res?duo de perfura??o, da bacia potiguar, no Rio Grande do Norte; e o do polimento ? de uma cer?mica de porcelanato do Estado da Para?ba. Utilizou-se a mistura de uma argila pl?stica com uma n?o pl?stica, numa propor??o de 50 % de cada uma (que ? o percentual de mistura adotado na cer?mica fornecedora dessa argila), estabelecendo-se formula??es com a incorpora??o dos dois res?duos nessa matriz argilosa. Nas formula??es, os dois res?duos foram incorporados com um percentual m?nimo de 2,5 % e m?ximo de 12,5 %, variando-se em 2,5 % cada um, em cada formula??o, de modo que a soma dos res?duos fosse no m?ximo 15 %. ? oportuno registrar que o res?duo do polimento do porcelanato ? de classe IIa (n?o inerte). Os materiais foram caracterizados por FRX, DRX, TG, DTA, granulometria a laser e pelo ?ndice de plasticidade. As propriedades tecnol?gicas de absor??o de ?gua, porosidade aparente, retra??o linear de queima, tens?o de ruptura ? flex?o e massa espec?fica aparente, foram avaliadas ap?s a sinteriza??o das pe?as a 850 ?C, 950 ?C e 1050 ?C, com ciclo de queima de 3 h , 3 h e 30 min e 3 h e 50 min, respectivamente, com taxa de aquecimento de 10 ?C/min. e patamar de 30 min., para todas as formula??es. Para melhor compreender-se a influ?ncia de cada res?duo e de cada temperatura nas propriedades avaliadas, utilizou-se o planejamento fatorial e suas superf?cies de resposta para interpreta??o dos resultados. Verificou-se que a temperatura n?o tem signific?ncia estat?stica no n?vel de 95 % de confiabilidade na tens?o de ruptura ? flex?o e que ela diminui a absor??o de ?gua e a porosidade, mas aumenta a retra??o e a massa espec?fica aparente. Os resultados mostraram a viabilidade da incorpora??o pretendida, adequando-se a temperatura a cada produto e cada formula??o, e as temperaturas de 850 ?C e 950 ?C foram as que atenderam ao maior n?mero de formula??es

O tratamento minimamente invasivo tem sido cada vez mais empregado no tratamento das lesões de cárie dental, especialmente em crianças jovens. Com isso, a remoção do tecido cariado pelo método químico-mecânico permite uma maior conservação das estruturas dentais saudáveis. O Papacárie Duo® é um material de fácil aplicação e possui propriedades bactericidas e anti-inflamatórias. Este material é aplicado sobre a dentina cariada, a fim de promover um amolecimento desta, facilitando a sua remoção. Os efeitos celulares de Papacárie Duo® são pouco conhecidos, dessa forma esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do Papacárie Duo® em células indiferenciadas da polpa dental (Capítulo 1) e a capacidade do Papacárie Duo® induzir a ativação de macrófagos e a síntese de mediadores inflamatórios (Capítulo 2). O Papacarie Duo® foi preparado nas concentrações de 0,5 e 5% por meio de diluição seriada, a partir do gel obtido comercialmente. Células OD-21 e macrófagos J774.1 foram mantidas em cultura com os diferentes tratamentos por um período de estimulação de 24 horas para realização do teste de citotoxicidade (Ensaio LDH) e por 36 horas para avaliação da proliferação celular (Ensaio Colorimétrico MTT). A seguir foi realizada avaliação da expressão gênica relativa dos genes Ibsp, Runx2 e Spp1 em células OD-21; e dos genes Il10, Mmp9, Ptgs2 e Tnf em células J774.1, pelo método de transcrição reversa e reação em cadeia de polimerase em tempo real (qRT-PCR), utilizando o sistema TaqMan® após estimulação o período de 24 horas. O Papacárie Duo® a 5% foi citotóxico às células da polpa dental e inibiu a proliferação celular, assim como a expressão de Runx2 e Ibsp. Porém em ambas as concentrações estimulou a expressão de Spp1, a qual foi maior na concentração de 5%. Em macrófagos, o Papacárie Duo® foi citotóxico na concentração de 5%, mas não influenciou a proliferação celular em nenhuma das concentrações (0,5 e 5%). O LPS inibiu a proliferação celular na presença ou não de Papacárie Duo®, sem apresentar citotoxicidade. O Papacárie Duo® induziu a expressão de Ptgs2 e Il10, sem alterar Tnf e Mmp9. Portanto, o Papacárie Duo® foi citotóxico, dependendo da concentração, e apresentou efeito inibitório na diferenciação de células da polpa (OD-21), sem entretanto influenciar a proliferação celular. Papacárie Duo® não impediu a proliferação de macrófagos, porém foi citotóxico na concentração de 5% mas não à 0,5%. Adicionalmente, Papacárie Duo® modulou a ativação de macrófagos pela indução da expressão de Ptgs2 e Il10, sem alterar a expressão de Tnf e Mmp9. / The minimally invasive treatment has been increasingly used in the treatment of dental caries, particularly in young children. Thus, the removal of carious tissue by chemical-mechanical method allows greater conservation of healthy tooth structure. The Papacárie Duo® is an easily applied material, and has bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties. This material is applied over the carious dentin in order to promote a softening thereof, facilitating its removal. The cellular effects of Papacárie Duo® are little known, therefore this research was to evaluate the effect of Papacárie Duo® in undifferentiated cells from dental pulp (Chapter 1) and the capacity of Papacárie Duo® to induce macrophage activation and synthesis inflammatory mediators (Chapter 2). The Papacárie Duo® was prepared at concentrations of 0.5 and 5% by serial dilution from the gel obtained commercially. OD-21 cells and J774.1 macrophages were maintained in culture with the different treatments for a period of 24 hours to perform the cytotoxicity assay (LDH assay) and for 36 hours for evaluation of cell proliferation (MTT colorimetric assay). The following, was carried out the assessment of the relative gene expression of Ibsp, Runx2 and Spp1 genes in OD-21 cells, and Il10, Mmp9, Tnf and Ptgs2 in J774.1 cells by reverse transcription method and reaction in real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using the TaqMan system after the stimulation period of 24 hours. The 5% Papacárie Duo® was cytotoxic to cells of dental pulp and inhibited cell proliferation and the expression of Runx2 and Ibsp. However, in both concentrations stimulated the expression of Spp1, which was higher at a concentration of 5%. In macrophages, the Papacárie Duo® was cytotoxic at concentrations of 5%, but did not affect the cell proliferation in any of the concentrations (0.5 and 5%). LPS inhibited cell proliferation in the presence or absence of Papacárie Duo® without giving cytotoxicity. The Papacárie Duo® induced the expression of Ptgs2 and Il10, without changing Tnf and Mmp9. Therefore, the Papacárie Duo® was cytotoxic, depending on the concentration, and showed inhibitory effect on the differentiation of pulp cells (OD-21), but without influencing cell proliferation. Papacárie Duo® not prevent macrophage proliferation, but was cytotoxic at a concentration of 5% but not more than 0.5%. Additionally, Papacárie Duo® modulated the activation of macrophages by inducing Il10 and Ptgs2 expression without altering the expression of ,Tnf, and Mmp9.

La période de la IIIe République en France voit éclore un nombre considérable de sonates pour violon et piano, dont nous connaissons bien les chefs-d'œuvre – sonates de Franck, Fauré, Debussy ou Ravel. Prenant appui sur un catalogue inédit de quatre cent vingt-et-une sonates de deux cent quatre-vingt-onze compositeurs différents (français ou belges), la présente thèse vise à l’étude et à la définition de ce genre musical.La première partie interroge le contexte historique et socioculturel qui permit à la sonate française de connaître un tel apogée, à la fin d’un XIXe siècle qui ne laissait a priori rien présager de tel. L’auteur revient aux sources du répertoire et met à jour l’établissement d’une conjoncture particulièrement propice où se croisent élan nationaliste, renouveau de la musique instrumentale, salons artistiques, sociétés de concerts, compositeurs chefs de file et interprètes de l’école franco-belge de violon. La deuxième partie entreprend de définir le répertoire au moyen d’un traitement typologique et statistique du catalogue référençant toutes les œuvres rencontrées. La troisième partie questionne l’identité de ces sonates comme genre musical, en s’appuyant sur les éléments d’écriture et de langage qui les caractérisent autant qu’ils en font la diversité. Enfin, la quatrième partie apporte un éclairage inédit sur la Sonate de Vinteuil de Proust, au regard d’un corpus d’étude de cinquante sonates analysées en détails. Les annexes comprennent de nombreux documents, dont le catalogue référencé des sonates, un catalogue des compositeurs, les fiches analytiques de cinquante sonates ainsi qu’un CD enregistré par l’auteur au violon. / A great number of sonatas for violin and piano were composed during the French Third Republic, among which are some well-known masterpieces, such as the Franck, Fauré, Debussy or Ravel sonatas. This thesis draws on an unpublished catalogue of four hundreds and twenty-one sonatas by two hundred and nighty-one composers (French or Belgian), and seeks to study and define this musical genre.The first part examines the historical and socio-cultural context that enabled the French violin sonata to reach its acme at the end of the 19th century. The author goes to the sources of the repertoire to establish the favorable juncture at which particular currents met; from nationalism, the reinvigoration of instrumental music, artistic salons, concert societies and leading composers, to the Franco-Belgian school of violin playing. The second part seeks to better characterize the repertoire by applying typological and statistical methods to the referenced catalogue of the encountered works. The third part endeavors to define the identity of these sonatas as a musical genre, based on elements of their musical language. Finally, the fourth part sheds new light on Proust’s Sonate de Vinteuil, through a detailed analysis of fifty sonatas. The appendices gather numerous documents, including the referenced catalogue of the sonatas, a catalogue of composers, analytical tables for fifty sonatas, and a CD recorded by the author playing the violin.

This thesis describes a design of a travel agency headquarters building. It is a four storey building without a basement made of longitudinal cast-in-place concrete frame system. The building is roofed with non-walkable flat roof and two terraces. Two flats are located in the facility in addition to offices, a café, a shop, a tour saleroom, a small storage, a departure waiting room and other facilities providing quality operation of a travel agency. The land on which the building is located is designed as a car park and parking areas for smooth departure of the travel agency clients.

American composer David Kechley was profoundly impacted by a 1990 trip to the Ryoan-ji Temple in Kyoto, Japan. The composer describes the finely raked, small white stones in the midst of fifteen large rocks in the Japanese Zen garden as "planned randomness." Kechley's inaugural composition for saxophone-guitar duo, In the Dragon's Garden, reflects his experience at the Ryoan-ji Temple. The use of minimalistic compositional techniques without literal repetition in the work represents a departure from the first generation of Minimalist composers, such as LaMonte Young, Steve Reich, Phillip Glass, and John Adams. An analysis of minimalistic compositional elements, combined with an interview with the commissioning ensemble, the Ryoanji Duo, provides insights into the interpretation and preparation of this complex work. Furthermore, this document contains helpful information pertinent to the saxophone-guitar duo. Details on balance and amplification, orchestration, and collaboration with the composer will supply performers and composers with essential knowledge needed to participate in this growing musical medium.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2018-09-10T20:23:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AVALIA??O DA UTILIZA??O DE RES?DUO DE VIDRO DE GARRAFAS NA PRODU??O DE ARGAMASSA.pdf: 2101422 bytes, checksum: 3e30e4c6ad0b0e448d0f28282d5385fa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-10T20:23:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AVALIA??O DA UTILIZA??O DE RES?DUO DE VIDRO DE GARRAFAS NA PRODU??O DE ARGAMASSA.pdf: 2101422 bytes, checksum: 3e30e4c6ad0b0e448d0f28282d5385fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-16 / The use of waste incorporated in building materials has been pointed out as an alternative for more adequate disposal of solid waste. Among the wastes generated in Brazil, are the glass. Less than half of the glass bottles produced in Brazil are recycled. In the present work the influence of the use of waste glass of brown bottles, crushed, as partial substitute of the natural sand, in the production of mortars was evaluated. The substitution contents evaluated were 10, 20 and 30%, by mass, in addition to the reference mortar (without waste glass). The properties of the mortars in the fresh state were evaluated (workability, specific mass and incorporated air content) and also in the hardened state (flexural tensile strength, compressive strength, water absorption, void index, specific mass and alkali-silica reactivity). The results of the tests indicated that the use of waste glass bottles, replacing the natural aggregate, did not alter the fluidity of the mortars, but decreased the density and increased the content of incorporated air. The incorporation of the waste provided an increase in the tensile strengths in flexion and compression, in relation to the reference mortar. With respect to the possible alkali-silica reactivity, it was verified that the mortars with the waste glass bottle did not exceed the expansion limit established in accordance with NBR 15577-4 (ABNT, 2009). Based on the results it was concluded that it is possible to use up to 30% of waste glass of brown bottles, replacing the natural sand. / A utiliza??o de res?duos incorporados ? materiais de constru??o vem sendo apontada como uma alternativa para destina??o mais adequada dos res?duos s?lidos. Dentre os res?duos gerados no Brasil, est?o os de vidro. Menos da metade das embalagens de vidro produzidas no Brasil s?o recicladas. No presente trabalho foi avaliado a influ?ncia da utiliza??o de res?duo de vidro de garrafas de cor marrom, triturado, como substituto parcial do agregado mi?do natural, na produ??o de argamassas. Os teores de substitui??o avaliados foram de 10, 20 e 30%, em massa, al?m da argamassa de refer?ncia (sem res?duo). Foram analisadas propriedades das argamassas no estado fresco (trabalhabilidade, massa espec?fica e teor de ar incorporado) e no estado endurecido (resist?ncia ? tra??o na flex?o, resist?ncia ? compress?o, absor??o de ?gua, ?ndice de vazios, massa espec?fica e reatividade ?lcali-s?lica). Os resultados dos ensaios indicaram que o uso de res?duo de vidro de garrafa, em substitui??o ao agregado natural, n?o alterou a fluidez das argamassas, mas diminuiu a densidade e aumentou o teor de ar incorporado. A incorpora??o do res?duo proporcionou aumento nas resist?ncias ? tra??o na flex?o e ? compress?o, comparado ? argamassa de refer?ncia. Com rela??o ? poss?vel reatividade ?lcali-s?lica, verificou-se que as argamassas com o res?duo de vidro de garrafa n?o excederam o limite de expans?o estabelecido conforme a NBR 15577-4 (ABNT, 2009). Com base nos resultados concluiu-se que ? poss?vel utilizar at? 30% de res?duo de garrafa de vidro de cor marrom, em substitui??o ao agregado natural.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-02T17:10:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2004 - Silvio Jos? Elia Galv?o.pdf: 2579671 bytes, checksum: ac93bbefdc6fd8aa6f67c30746be92d5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T17:10:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2004 - Silvio Jos? Elia Galv?o.pdf: 2579671 bytes, checksum: ac93bbefdc6fd8aa6f67c30746be92d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-02-27 / Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria - EMBRAPA; Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Pesagro. / The aim of this study was to identify the main properties of the green coconut shell fiber and conduct experiments with it. The fiber received different treatments in order to make it possible to give technical orientation for its use as substrate for lettuce seedlings growth. The green coconuts used in the experiments came from the selective collection of garbage produced by the consumption of green coconuts in natura at the beaches and other places where they are sold, as well as residues from agro-industries that bottle green coconut water. The green coconuts had their water consumed and were collected without any preservation or transportation criteria in order to repeat the habitual treatment given to solid residue of that sort in large urban centers. All the fruits used were kept in the shade at room temperature, for the maximum period of four (4) days after the consumption of the water. They were manually chopped and ground, while still green, in grass crushers. Eight (08) treatments were defined in order to carry out the study to be done with the green coconut fiber, as follows: treatment T1 - crushed green coconut fiber; treatment T2 - ground green coconut fiber; treatment T3 - crushed and ground green coconut fiber; treatment T4 - crushed and ground green coconut fiber + bovine manure; treatment T5 ? crushed green coconut fiber + bovine manure; treatment T6 - ground green coconut fiber + bovine manure; treatment T7 ? crushed green coconut fiber + limestone; treatment T8 ? crushed and washed green coconut fiber. In order to compare the different treatments, three commercial substrates were chosen to be used in the study, namely: substrate Plantmax HA, from Eucatex Agro, as treatment T9; substrate MP Horta 2, from Mecplant, as treatment T10; substrate MP FLORESTAL, from Mecplant, as treatment T11. Several chemical and physical analyses of the treatments were made in order to make decisions about the manipulation of treatments, looking for final results in lettuce seedlings production similar to those obtained with commercial substrates. All the green coconut shell fiber treatments presented physical characteristics which made it easy to manipulate them in its use as substrate in plant propagation, as well as high water-holding capacity, high carbon / nitrogen ratio, electric conductivity, and porosity. When the fiber was added to manure, the result was good for treatment T5. The electrical conductivity (EC) was reduced when the coconut shell fiber was washed with water. / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar as principais caracter?sticas da fibra do coco verde e experimentar tratamentos com esta fibra de modo a possibilitar orienta??o t?cnica para sua utiliza??o como substrato para plantas em cultivo de alface. Foram utilizados frutos de coco verde oriundos da coleta seletiva de lixo produzido pelo consumo in natura de frutos na orla das praias e outros pontos de vendas, assim como de res?duos de agroind?strias envasadoras de ?gua de coco-verde. Os frutos de coco verde tiveram sua ?gua consumida, sendo coletados sem quaisquer crit?rios de preserva??o e transporte, de modo a repetirem uma situa??o habitual de trato dado a res?duos s?lidos desta natureza em grandes centros urbanos. Todos os frutos utilizados foram mantidos ? sombra, em temperatura ambiente, por no m?ximo quatro (04) dias ap?s terem sua ?gua consumida, sendo picados com ferramentas de corte manual e triturados em picadeiras de capim de uso em agropecu?ria ainda verde. Foram definidos oito (08) tratamentos com fibra de coco verde para a condu??o dos trabalhos com a fibra de coco, a saber: tratamento T1 - fibra de coco picada; tratamento T2 - fibra de coco mo?da; tratamento T3 - fibra de coco picada + mo?da; tratamento T4 - fibra de coco picada + mo?da + esterco bovino; tratamento T5 - fibra de coco picada + esterco bovino; tratamento T6 - fibra de coco mo?da + esterco bovino; tratamento T7 - fibra de coco picada + calc?rio; tratamento T8 - fibra de coco picada lavada. Comparativamente, foram escolhidos para uso nos estudos 03 (tr?s) substratos comerciais para plantas: substrato Plantmax HA, da empresa Eucatex Agro, como tratamento T9; substrato MP Horta 2, da empresa Mecplant, como tratamento T10; e substrato MP Florestal, da empresa Mecplant, como tratamento T11. In?meras an?lises qu?micas e f?sicas foram realizadas com os tratamentos de modo a permitirem tomadas de decis?es sobre o manejo dos mesmos, buscando resultados finais na produ??o de mudas de alface semelhantes aos obtidos com substratos comerciais. Todos os tratamentos ? base de fibra de coco apresentaram caracter?stica f?sica de f?cil manejo para seu uso como substrato para plantas, al?m de elevada capacidade de reten??o de ?gua, rela??o carbono/nitrog?nio, condutividade el?trica e porosidade. A adi??o de esterco bovino promoveu resultado positivo no tratamento T5. A lavagem da fibra com ?gua reduziu a condutividade el?trica (CE) da casca do coco-an?o verde.

This study focuses on a guitar duo transcription of four keyboard sonatas composed by the north German Cantor, Christian Gotthilf Tag (1735-1811). While the works were never published and the original manuscripts are lost, the music survives in manuscript copies made by K.H.L. Pölitz, which have served as the source. After a brief discussion of the composer and his life, the author explores transcription techniques used in previous duo transcriptions. The study gives a detailed rationale for the editorial methodology used, with examples from the present transcriptions. A separate volume includes the sonata transcriptions laid out in parallel to the keyboard edition, and provides brief performance instructions, mostly regarding ornamentation. The four sonatas add up to a collective length (including repeats) of approximately 60 to 70 minutes of music.