This thesis focuses on software source code plagiarism. In the theoretical part there is a description of usual plagiarism techniques. The main output in practical part is the program that checks source codes of Java programs, whether these codes are really developed by individual students independently. It detects two or more students with identical source codes by controlling names of methods and variables.

This master thesis analyses the methods used for duplicity document detection and possibilities of their integration with a web search engine. It offers an overview of commonly used methods, from which it chooses the method of approximation of the Jaccard similarity measure in combination with shingling. The chosen method is adapted for implementation in the Egothor web search engine environment. The aim of the thesis is to present this implementation, describe its features, and find the most suitable parameters for the detection to run in real time. An important feature of the described method is also the possibility to make dynamic changes over the collection of indexed documents.

La chasse occupe une place significative dans les textes des auteurs américains Jim Harrison et Thomas McGuane. Elle apparaît soit comme un thème central, traité directement et pour lui-même, soit comme un thème secondaire ou encore comme une métaphore ou un motif sous-jacent qui permet de mieux comprendre les enjeux du texte, ses implications morales et esthétiques. Dans le corpus, la chasse correspond à une stratégie d'écriture fondée sur le leurre, lorsqu'elle recouvre ou qu'elle révèle un sens second. Le motif du double a partie liée dans le corpus avec la complexité du chasseur, un personnage qui dramatise des visées contradictoires : il est partagé entre le respect de la proie et le désir de la posséder. Le sportsman se confronte aux limites de son champ d'action qu'il détermine pour les respecter, alors que par contraste, certaines figures sont présentées comme des contre-modèles qui transgressent les bornes. Cependant, la transgression apporte dans certains cas un bénéfice au personnage et au groupe auquel il se réfère. Le chasseur revêt alors une fonction paradoxale : il incarne celui qui révèle que les bornes doivent être déplacées et dont la chasse "noire" redéfinit les limites de fait. Il fait figure de modèle paradoxal, dans le récit mais aussi d 'un point de vue métatextuel Chez Harrison et McGuane, les textes sur la chasse invitent à considérer l'écrivain comme un "chasseur noir" qui braconne sur les terres d'autres auteurs et d'autres systèmes de représentation mais dont la transgression est finalement valorisée : le souci de justesse qu'il incarne nécessite un travail d'accommodement à un monde changeant et donc le renouvellement des bornes et des formes. L'idéal sportif de la relâche du gibier reflète l'entreprise de l'écrivain : le souci de la distance à garder face à l'animal et celui de redéfinir les cadres formels se manifestent à travers une esthétique de la déprise qui remet le sens du texte en mouvement. / In the writings of the American authors Jim Harrison and Thomas McGuane, hunting is a central theme. Even when it is not the main topic of the text, hunting is significant. It may be one of the main themes, tackled directly for itself or it can be an ancillary tl1eme used as a metaphor or as an implicit motif in the structure. Hunting is also a writing strategy, reproducing the mimetic seduction of the lure, hiding or revealing a second meaning. The motif of the double is indeed central; it has to do with the logics of make-believe but also with the complex character of the hunter who enacts contradictory tendencies: torn between his respect for the prey and his desire to grasp and kill it, he also embodies an ambivalent attitude toward the Law. The sportsman faces the limits of his scope; he defines them so as to respect tl1em. By contrast other character-types are presented as foils to the sportsman. Their transgression may however become beneficient to the group he belongs to. In such cases, ehe hunter has a paradoxical function: he reveals that the landmarks must be displaced and his "black hunt" effectively replaces them. He embodies a paradoxical model in the story and for tl1e writer. Harrison's and McGuane's texts thus suggest to look at the writer as "black hunter" who trespasses into other writers' territories, also violating the limits conventionally separating several systems of representation. This transgression proves fruitful and as such is valorized. The hunter and the writer try to adjust and accommodate to a changing world; this quest implies new frames. The sportsman's ideal of catch-and-release reflects tl1e writer's aesthetics of release: both try to put the game back in movement.

This study uncovers and interprets the representation of alterity in Schubert’s Moment musical in Aβ, op. 94 no. 2 (1828) and Wilde’s ‘The Nightingale and the Rose’ from The Happy Prince and Other Stories (1888). Furthermore, the study locates and contextually investigates analogies between Schubert’s representation of alterity and Wilde’s. There is a strong likelihood that Schubert was part of a Viennese subculture that was involved in illicit activities and dissident experimentation. Since Maynard Solomon published his essay ‘Franz Schubert and the Peacocks of Benvenuto Cellini’ in 1989, the possibility of Schubert’s homosexuality has received a vast amount of critical attention. Whatever his sexuality, his music has long been seen as containing distinctly feminine traits and subversive elements. Similarly to Schubert, Wilde’s homosexuality and resulting ostracism forms an essential aspect of his life, oeuvre and of subsequent and current Wilde studies. The way in which both Schubert and Wilde’s marginalisation and illicit activities lent a sense of alterity to their works is intriguing. Taking on the loose appearance of deconstructive readings, the analysis of Schubert’s work incorporates musical semiotics, while the analysis of Wilde’s fairy tale builds on ideas raised in the Schubert analysis. The deconstructive readings focus on the binary opposition between the concepts of redemption and defeat as found in Wilde’s fairy tale. The duality between redemption and defeat is shown to have particular resonance with the Romantic image of the artist as messiah and martyr. This study offers the hypothesis that the sense of alterity experienced by Schubert and Wilde is reflected in their works as a longing for the unattainable, a quest for redemption, and that the representation of this alterity is often subversive and dissident. Specific ways in which Schubert and Wilde represent alterity are by refusing climactic moments, by juxtaposing opposites, by symbolising homoeroticism, and by purposefully disobeying stylistic obligations. Copyright / Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Music / unrestricted

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar o tema dos duplos em O homem duplicado, de José Saramago. Publicada no Brasil em 2002, a obra discute a questão a identidade no mundo globalizado, a partir da história do encontro entre Tertuliano Máximo Afonso, professor de história, e seu sósia, António Claro, um ator coadjuvante. Por meio da análise de trechos do romance, busca-se verificar como o autor retoma o tema do duplo para abordar a cisão da identidade do homem contemporâneo. Para realizar este estudo, a presente dissertação se apóia nos teóricos que trataram o tema do duplo, como Carl F. Keppler e Nicole Bravo, e da identidade, caso de Stuart Hall. Outro referencial é o trabalho de Marshall Berman sobre a dialética da modernização. Sigmund Freud também traz importantes contribuições do ponto de vista da psique humana. Com tais abordagens, o propósito é compreender melhor os mecanismos ficcionais que sustentam a crítica realizada por Saramago, buscando entender o jogo entre realidade exterior e interior no ambiente ficcional e social. Por este motivo, o trabalho está dividido em cinco partes. Na introdução, é apresentada a proposta da dissertação e a fundamentação teórica. O primeiro capítulo volta-se à análise do duplo homogêneo no romance. Em seguida, vem a investigação sobre o duplo heterogêneo. Os outros dois tratam da cisão da identidade contemporânea. Um enfoca a construção do conflito principal da obra, enquanto o segundo prioriza o estudo das ambiguidades ao longo do enredo, para evidenciar a estrutura da obra como característica da pós-modernidade. / This dissertation researches the duplicity in The Double, by José Saramago. This book was published in Brazil in 2002 and focuses on the globalized world identity, based on the story of the meeting between Tertuliano Máximo Afonso, a History teacher, and his look-alike, António Claro, a supporting actor. Analyzing parts of the novel, the way this duplicity theme is observed to approach the division of the contemporary man\'s identity. This dissertation is based on theoreticians who focus on duplicity, such as Carl F. Keppler and Nicole Bravo, and identity, Stuart Hall. The work of Marshall Berman on \"modernization dialectics is another reference. Sigmund Freud also provides important contributions from the point of view of the human psyche. Using such approach, it was possible to better understand fiction mechanisms supporting criticism by Saramago, trying to understand the game between the inner and outer reality in fiction and society. That is why this paper is divided in five parts. The first part presents the purpose of this dissertation and theoretical foundation. The second part focuses on the analysis of the homogeneous duplicity in this novel. Then, an investigation about the heterogeneous duplicity. The other two parts focuses on contemporary identity division. One focuses on the construction of the main conflict in this novel, and the other focuses on the study of ambiguities along the story, in order to make evident the structure of the novel as post modernity feature.

Submitted by Bruna Rodrigues (bruna92rodrigues@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-21T14:22:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissHH.pdf: 3913934 bytes, checksum: c71f30d226a7e462e602307c00b0a3e6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T18:27:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissHH.pdf: 3913934 bytes, checksum: c71f30d226a7e462e602307c00b0a3e6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T18:27:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissHH.pdf: 3913934 bytes, checksum: c71f30d226a7e462e602307c00b0a3e6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-21T18:27:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissHH.pdf: 3913934 bytes, checksum: c71f30d226a7e462e602307c00b0a3e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / This project aims to investigate aesthetic and signal subjects of Kieslowskian cinematographic language from the analysis of the episode 5 of the television series Decalogue (1988) and its respective version for cinema A short film about killing (1988). The aim is to study how Kieslowski constructs new relationships in extended version of this episode, the motivations that led him to rearrange them and/or reconstruct them, and what this option by “duplicating” the same movie can tell us about the cinema conception of this Polish director. / Serão investigadas questões sígnicas e ético-estéticas do discurso cinematográfico kieslowskiano, a partir da análise do episódio 5 da minissérie televisiva Decálogo (1988), em comparação com sua versão estendida no longa-metragem Não matarás (1988). O objetivo é estudar como Kieslowski constrói novas relações entre o formato de média-metragem (Decálogo 5) e o longa-metragem, quais as motivações que o levaram a rearranjá-los e/ou reconstruí-los, bem como o que esta opção, por “duplicar” uma mesma história, pode nos revelar sobre o projeto poético deste diretor polonês, naquele momento.

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar o tema dos duplos em O homem duplicado, de José Saramago. Publicada no Brasil em 2002, a obra discute a questão a identidade no mundo globalizado, a partir da história do encontro entre Tertuliano Máximo Afonso, professor de história, e seu sósia, António Claro, um ator coadjuvante. Por meio da análise de trechos do romance, busca-se verificar como o autor retoma o tema do duplo para abordar a cisão da identidade do homem contemporâneo. Para realizar este estudo, a presente dissertação se apóia nos teóricos que trataram o tema do duplo, como Carl F. Keppler e Nicole Bravo, e da identidade, caso de Stuart Hall. Outro referencial é o trabalho de Marshall Berman sobre a dialética da modernização. Sigmund Freud também traz importantes contribuições do ponto de vista da psique humana. Com tais abordagens, o propósito é compreender melhor os mecanismos ficcionais que sustentam a crítica realizada por Saramago, buscando entender o jogo entre realidade exterior e interior no ambiente ficcional e social. Por este motivo, o trabalho está dividido em cinco partes. Na introdução, é apresentada a proposta da dissertação e a fundamentação teórica. O primeiro capítulo volta-se à análise do duplo homogêneo no romance. Em seguida, vem a investigação sobre o duplo heterogêneo. Os outros dois tratam da cisão da identidade contemporânea. Um enfoca a construção do conflito principal da obra, enquanto o segundo prioriza o estudo das ambiguidades ao longo do enredo, para evidenciar a estrutura da obra como característica da pós-modernidade. / This dissertation researches the duplicity in The Double, by José Saramago. This book was published in Brazil in 2002 and focuses on the globalized world identity, based on the story of the meeting between Tertuliano Máximo Afonso, a History teacher, and his look-alike, António Claro, a supporting actor. Analyzing parts of the novel, the way this duplicity theme is observed to approach the division of the contemporary man\'s identity. This dissertation is based on theoreticians who focus on duplicity, such as Carl F. Keppler and Nicole Bravo, and identity, Stuart Hall. The work of Marshall Berman on \"modernization dialectics is another reference. Sigmund Freud also provides important contributions from the point of view of the human psyche. Using such approach, it was possible to better understand fiction mechanisms supporting criticism by Saramago, trying to understand the game between the inner and outer reality in fiction and society. That is why this paper is divided in five parts. The first part presents the purpose of this dissertation and theoretical foundation. The second part focuses on the analysis of the homogeneous duplicity in this novel. Then, an investigation about the heterogeneous duplicity. The other two parts focuses on contemporary identity division. One focuses on the construction of the main conflict in this novel, and the other focuses on the study of ambiguities along the story, in order to make evident the structure of the novel as post modernity feature.

No final da década de 1960 e início da seguinte, dentro do contexto que se convencionou chamar de cinema experimental ou de vanguarda norte-americano, um número sem precendetes de cineastas dedicou-se à elaboração de filmes-diário ou autobiografias filmadas. Esse movimento é acompanhado, no caso de alguns dos realizadores, por um interesse por outras formas (literárias ou pictóricas) de autorre- presentação e escrita de vida e por um esforço reflexivo sobre as possibilidades, usos e potências dessas formas no cinema. Partindo do entendimento que a autobiografia transforma-se em um campo de interesses para cineastas, críticos e público apenas a partir deste momento, esta tese pretende abordar como ela é formulada e inventada por cineastas como uma forma possível para o cinema. A partir da análise de textos e filmes de três cineastas centrais para essa elaboração, notadamente Stan Brakhage, Jonas Mekas e Hollis Frampton, demonstramos o papel do gênero na transformação de um panorama artístico e criativo. De um lado, como se verá, a autobiografia afirma-se e inventa-se como uma tentativa de dialogar e responder a uma história artística que incluí o próprio cineasta, de outro, ela propõe-se como um lugar de singularização e transformação dessa história. / On the threshold of the seventies, the autobiographical genre emerged as one of the main tendencies of the north-american avant-garde film. This event was followed by a growing interest in other forms of self representation and life narratives in painting and literature and by an intellectual effort to reflect on the uses, qualities, possibilities and predecessors of the new form in film. Understanding that autobiography becomes a field of interest for filmmakers, critics and public alike only at this moment in time, this dissertation intends to broach how autobiography is fashioned by filmmakers into a form viable for cinema. Relying on a vast documentation of writings by Jonas Mekas, Stan Brakhage and Hollis Frampton, three filmmakers whom we consider to be central to the understanding of the genre as such, and on close readings of their autobiographical films we demonstrate the role played by the genre in the transformation of a creative and artistic environment. As will be seen, the emergence of the genre responds to a historical and aesthetic transformation in experimental films and offers itself as a peronal narrative for this changing history.

No final da década de 1960 e início da seguinte, dentro do contexto que se convencionou chamar de cinema experimental ou de vanguarda norte-americano, um número sem precendetes de cineastas dedicou-se à elaboração de filmes-diário ou autobiografias filmadas. Esse movimento é acompanhado, no caso de alguns dos realizadores, por um interesse por outras formas (literárias ou pictóricas) de autorre- presentação e escrita de vida e por um esforço reflexivo sobre as possibilidades, usos e potências dessas formas no cinema. Partindo do entendimento que a autobiografia transforma-se em um campo de interesses para cineastas, críticos e público apenas a partir deste momento, esta tese pretende abordar como ela é formulada e inventada por cineastas como uma forma possível para o cinema. A partir da análise de textos e filmes de três cineastas centrais para essa elaboração, notadamente Stan Brakhage, Jonas Mekas e Hollis Frampton, demonstramos o papel do gênero na transformação de um panorama artístico e criativo. De um lado, como se verá, a autobiografia afirma-se e inventa-se como uma tentativa de dialogar e responder a uma história artística que incluí o próprio cineasta, de outro, ela propõe-se como um lugar de singularização e transformação dessa história. / On the threshold of the seventies, the autobiographical genre emerged as one of the main tendencies of the north-american avant-garde film. This event was followed by a growing interest in other forms of self representation and life narratives in painting and literature and by an intellectual effort to reflect on the uses, qualities, possibilities and predecessors of the new form in film. Understanding that autobiography becomes a field of interest for filmmakers, critics and public alike only at this moment in time, this dissertation intends to broach how autobiography is fashioned by filmmakers into a form viable for cinema. Relying on a vast documentation of writings by Jonas Mekas, Stan Brakhage and Hollis Frampton, three filmmakers whom we consider to be central to the understanding of the genre as such, and on close readings of their autobiographical films we demonstrate the role played by the genre in the transformation of a creative and artistic environment. As will be seen, the emergence of the genre responds to a historical and aesthetic transformation in experimental films and offers itself as a peronal narrative for this changing history.

A sociological approach is used to analyze incidences of extreme opportunism in financial markets. Through an analysis of arguably the most widely publicized "rogue" trader events in recent history, a determination is made of the validity of explaining these events as aberrations, attributable to the actions of "rogues". The primary focus is the role of structural factors underlying these incidences of extreme opportunism in financial markets. A diverse range of documentary and other sources is used to avoid any form of bias as far as possible. It was found that structural factors act as countervailing forces to inhibit such behavior or as motivators and facilitators acting as catalysts for extreme opportunism. The balance between these factors largely determines the level of opportunistic behavior in a particular environment. Extreme opportunism is therefore not an aberration or "rogue" occurrence but a manageable phenomenon intrinsic to the social structural context within which it occurs. By conceptualizing these factors as countervailing forces one is forced to view structural factors, like compensation structures and formal and informal restraints, relative to one another and no longer in isolation. This realization translates into the conclusion that restraints and oversight systems for example, should be designed relative to the relevant motivators and facilitators in its area of application. In an environment where traders of highly geared financial products are motivated with multimillion USD incentive packages, a low budget oversight system and inexperienced regulatory staff, is clearly not the appropriate tools to control and manage extreme opportunism. / Criminology / D.Phil. (Sociology)