In order to response to the demands resulted from environmental changes, hospital launches various information system development projects. Different from most information system development projects in the past, which are leaded by developers, the leaders of those projects are physicians or administrators. Unfortunately, the observed project failure rates are high. Since those projects are highly related to the operational performance of hospital, there is a needed to investigate into this issue in depth. Among those factors contribute to high failure rates, one very important cause is that many project leaders are lacking of adequate capabilities. This study adopted case study approach. After interview the leaders, members, and developers of three projects, critical capabilities that project leader should possess are identified. I concluded that those non-IT background project leaders should possess at least five basic capabilities, including knowledge, project management ability, interpersonal skills, ability to distribute resources, and flexible capacity. I also identified their priority based on project characteristics. The results can serve as reference for project leader selection in hospital and basis for future studies in this area.

In recent years, our society changes rapidly. The position of females in Taiwan have been promoted significantly. The situation induces the raise of the awakening of feminist consciousness. After that, females gets more opportunities to show off all of their talents, and generally become managers or leaders at workplace. The phenomenon caused many discussions and researches, and really highlights the importance of the topic of today's female leaders. How a leader shows the leadership performance could decide the success of the organizational development. Also, we know through the relevant literature that a leader¡¦s personality traits and leadership styles are not only an important issue in the organizational behavior study, but also the key elements of leadership effectiveness. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to inquire the relationship among female leaders¡¦ personality traits, leadership styles and leadership effectiveness by the subordinates cognition in southern electronic media centers. The questionnaire of the study is divided into two parts: the leader questionnaire and the subordinate questionnaire. Total of 215 out of 250 questionnaires were returned. (There are 38 out of 40 from leader questionnaires, and 177 out of 200 from subordinate questionnaires.) The data are analyzed by a variety of statistical methods, such as descriptive statistic, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis, etc. The statistical analyses had concluded as followed¡G 1. The hypothesis that the female leaders¡¦ personality traits are significant effect on their leadership effectiveness is partially supported. In accordance with the order of the influence on leadership effectiveness, ¡§Conscientiousness¡¨, ¡§Agreeableness¡¨, and ¡§Openness to Experience¡¨ are the main significantly indicators to predict leadership effectiveness. 2. The hypothesis that the female leaders¡¦ leadership styles are significant effect on their leadership effectiveness is partially supported. ¡§Consideration¡¨is the only significantly indicators to predict leadership effectiveness. 3. Consider the female leaders¡¦ personality traits and the leadership styles at the same time, ¡§Conscientiousness * Initiating Structure¡¨ and ¡§Emotional Stability * Consideration¡¨ have a significant effect on the leadership effectiveness. Thus, the leadership styles have mediator effects between the personality traits and leadership effectiveness.

Research motive and aims: The leadership theories usually focu on efficiency of leaders, and a little of related theory discuss the issues of organization behavior, work satisfaction, commitment of organization, equity perceptions, especially attribution of leadership. Researcher will search for several problems form the view of confliction of attributions in this report. First, what do leaders use when they attributed? And what will influence the outcome of leaders¡¦ attribution. Finally, does confliction of attributions influence pressure of employee. And do they have any related relationship? Conclusion: The most of null hypothesis are rejected in this report. Finally, this research did provide evidence to prove that conflict of attributions and employee pressure have related relationship.

This research aims at understanding the career development of women in the high-level management in corporat ions and enterprises. I t will focus on their leadership uniqueness and inf luences, the conf lict of balancing fami ly wi th career, and how to coordinate and communicate. This research adopted multiple approaches on individual case studies. I t incorporates in-depth interviews of upper female leaders¡¦ career development and inf luence factor to acquire study results. The process included interviewing four women execut ives, t ranscribing the interview content , and analyzing the content. The study f inds even though the women execut ive¡¦s performance at work is outstanding, the responsibi lity in the fami ly does not reduce. With the increase in career opportunity, these women st ill have to be responsible for children¡¦s education as wel l as household duties. This renders greater pressure for women than men. Companies based on policies and system or indust ries that ¡¦s more sui table to women, wi th less obst ruct ion in career development wil l result in less family conf lict . Women execut ives with leadership styles that lean towards employee centered, team bui lding, proper delegat ion, and social experience, tend to have more pat ience and empathy. This is especially t rue in the communication and negot iat ion process. More democrat ic and inclusive spirit is incorporated. Encouragement and teamwork creates mutual t rust, and posi tive compet it ive envi ronment. As the famous quote by the American f irst lady Eleanor Roosevelt , ¡¨A woman is like a tea bag- you never know how st rong she is unt i l she gets in hot water¡¨, women leaders should possess self -knowledge, understand the inner-self and the role she wil l play. She should consider the nature of the job and its requirements. With personal uniqueness, distinct ive personali ty, and self -discipline, she wil l be convincing and possessing charming conf idence.

It grows rapidly the global men ¡¦s skin care market in developed country. There are 1 billion market size which represent s 40% to 60 % growth in the men¡¦s skin care market in Taiwan since year of 2005 . It also motivates the Word-of -Mouth market ing when the commercial advertisement has been skipped by end consumers times and times again . There are all kinds of updated word-of-mouth marketing develop ed such as: @WOM, Viral marketing, Blog marketing. It is a case to leverage the word -of-mouth marketing in brand building for a pure Men¡¦s skin care brand . This study is to explore the key successful factors for appling the Word-Of-Mouth marketing within a new market, especialy for an independent men¡¦s skin care brand. There are interview s for brand-owner and on-line ¡Vretailer, and questionary for consumers in this project. The first finding is that men ¡¦s skin care concept is more acceptable than before . It becomes more popular to purchase the products by men¡¦s their own. Further more, men start to try the suncare and anti -oil products in the ir daily regimen. However, female is still playing the key roll in decision making for her boy friend or families. We also found, the female rarely know n the difference between men¡¦s and women¡¦s skin care regimen. Even she might be an expertise in her own skin care needs. As a result, we should provide the free sample with ¡§You must know information¡¨ to the key person, SHE, then influent her boy friend and families. It is how we differentiate the independent men¡¦s skin care brand. The second finding is most of the heavy internet users are the followers; they are not interested in the men¡¦s skin care information. Therefore, it is hardly to trigger off the tipping point if we target the male as early adaptor via @WOM. In another words, we can not exect a big boom if the @WOM didn¡¦t reach women. In summary, the word-of-mouth marketing for men¡¦s skin care brand, first thing is to create the truly words via the early users, the men who already experienced the oil-control product and/or suncare products. The secondary is to broadcast the words from early users thru @WOM, PR exposures, free samples to reach women as sneezers. The last, to roll out a new topic ensure the on going spreading for brands every 12 weeks.

Syftet med denna studie är att granska arméofficerares ledarskap i rollen som handledare i den svenska Försvarsmakten. Studien beskriver och karaktäriserar handledarbeteenden i handledarrollen samt vilka ledarstilar som kan observeras i dessa handledarbeteenden. Utifrån dessa beskrivningar, samt intervjupersonernas självbilder av sitt eget ledarskap, är även ett mål med studien att problematisera Försvarsmaktens föreskrivna ledarskapsmodell med stöd av ett nyinstitutionellt och kritiskt perspektiv. Empirin samlades in via observationer tillsammans med kvalitativa intervjuer vilka gjordes i direkt anslutning till observationerna.   Resultatet visar att handledarbeteenden kan karaktäriseras på tre huvudsakliga sätt: coachande handledarbeteenden, kontrollerande handledarbeteenden samt handledarbeteenden genom att vara modell. Ledarstilarna i handledarbeteendena bildar en komplex mosaik av både utvecklande och transformativa samt konventionella och transaktionella ledarstilar vilka även visar att de avsedda ledar-stilarna till stor del divergerar från de observerade ledarstilarna. Denna diskrepans mellan ledarstilsavsikter och ledarstilshandlingar diskuteras utifrån ett mikro-perspektiv och ett makroperspektiv och två förklaringsmodeller presenteras: problemet med situationens imperativ samt problemet med ledarskapsideologins glapp. En alternativ ledarstil presenteras även i form av den styrande ledarstilen.

There are many variants of leader election algorithm in distributed networks. In this research, an agent based approach to leader election in distributed networks is investigated. Agents have shown to be useful in several ways. In the theoretical perspective, agents sometime help in reducing the message complexity of the system and sometimes help in lowering time complexity. In a more practical sense, agents perform operations independent of the processors, thereby lending a more flexible algorithm supporting different types of networks.

The importance of the topic. The main thing in teacher‘s preparation reform is a competence of learning how to learn. While doing his work in pre-school institution mentor expands practical competence‘s regulation, which stimulate to help young teachers. In different education press there is not enough information about pre-school institution leader‘s mentoring as activity. There was researched a problem, if leader‘s activity has any details of mentoring and how does leader help young teacher while using his mentoring activity. There is no clear opinion of pre-school institutions leaders and teachers about mentoring as a form of help to young teacher and mentoring perfect opportunities in pre-school institution. Hypothesis: because of that, that there is no caring system young teacher in pre-school institution, the leaders of institutions make a part of mentor’s functions and because of that gets necessary competences. The object of research: pre-school institution leader’s activity. The aim of research: to research pre-school institution leader’s mentoring activity details. Tasks: to estimate leader’s as mentor’s activities ways: the style and roles of learning; to research what social, personal and competence’s facilities are essential; to treat leader’s and teacher’s opinion about mentoring, to provide leader’s mentoring opportunities. The methods of tje research: Theoretical: the analysis and conclusions of scientific literature. Empirical: the questionnaire for... [to full text]

Darbe nagrinėjami įvairūs karo tematikos aspektai Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės laikų literatūroje ir XIX a. pradžios istoriografo Simono Daukanto veikaluose. Medžiaga surinkta iš Lietuvos metraščių (XV a. – XVI a. I p.), iš penkių XVI a. – XVII a. pradžios herojinių poemų, vieno poleminio publicistinio teksto, taip pat iš žymaus baroko epochos poeto Motiejaus Kazimiero Sarbievijaus (Matthias Casimirus Sarbievius) poezijos. Darbe tiriama, kaip skirtingų laikotarpių, skirtingų pažiūrų autoriai vertina patį karo reiškinį, analizuojami mūšių aprašymai, karo atnešamos nelaimės ir baisumai, aptariamas idealaus karvedžio portretas. Renesanso poetai karą stengėsi pavaizduoti kuo tikroviškiau, meniškiau. Jie karą vaizduoja kaip stichinę nelaimę, kaip katastrofą, atnešančią vargus ir bėdas. Išskiriamas vienintelis atvejis, kai karas yra pateisinamas – valstybės gynyba. Herojinių poemų autoriai kūrė karvedžio idealą: pasakodami apie realaus valstybės veikėjo darbus, išryškindavo tik tuos asmens bruožus, kurie buvo labiausiai vertinami Renesanso epochoje. M. K. Sarbievijus karą dažnai vaizduoja tarytum spektaklį. Jo vertinimu, karas - tai išmėginimas, parodantis tikrąją asmens vertę, taip pat galimybė pelnyti nemirtingą šlovę. Poetas išryškina pozityvų karo poveikį visuomenei, - ilgalaikės taikos metu stipriausioji visuomenės dalis aptingsta, ištyžta (degradacijos motyvas). S. Daukantas apie karą kalba pasitelkdamas kuo įvairesnę medžiagą – istorinių šaltinių duomenis, žodinę... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The thesis analyzes various aspects of the theme of war in the literature of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the works of Simonas Daukantas, the historiographer at the beginning of the 19 century. The material used was taken from the Lithuanian Chronicles (the first half of the 15-16 centuries), five heroic poems of the beginning of 16-17 centuries, one polemic-publicistic text as well as poetry by famous Baroque poet Matthias Casimirus Sarbievius. The thesis investigates how authors from different periods and with different attitudes evaluate the same war event. Battle descriptions, distress and atrocities caused by war are analyzed, and the portrait of an ideal military leader is discussed. The Renaissance poets sought to depict war as realistically and artistically as possible. They described war as a natural disaster that brings trouble and misery. There is only one case when war is justified: defence of the State. The authors of the heroic poems were putting together an ideal of a military leader: when describing works of a real state official they highlighted only his characteristics that were valued during the Renaissance. M. C. Sarbievius often depicted war as a stage performance. He maintained that war was a challenge that revealed what a person was really worth; it was also a chance to gain immortal glory. The poet stressed the positive effects of war to society: during prolonged peace the strongest part of society slackened and became weaker (a motive of... [to full text]

Magistrinis darbas yra skirtas įvertinti vadovavimo probleminėms sritis UAB Novartis, jas įvertinti ir pateikti projektinius sprendimus. Tyrimui atliktas anketavimo metodas, kuris yra paprastas, greitas ir pateikiantis tikslius atsakymus. Darbe lyginama pavaldinių ir vadomų nuomonmė apie vadovavimą. / This work was made to evaluate management problems in Novartis company, to find ways to solve thies problems. In this work was evaluated different wiew of management between management and employes.