Orientador: Jamile Sanches Codogno / Banca: Henrique luiz Monteiro / Banca: Denise Rodrigues Bueno / Resumo: O aumento da expectativa de vida vem acompanhado de conseqüências econômicas e sociais, onde destaca-se o aumento das doenças crônicas e dos gastos com saúde. As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis são as principais causas de morte no mundo e estão presentes de forma mais intensa na população idosa, tendo como alguns de seus fatores de risco o tabagismo, uso de álcool, inatividade física e obesidade. Dessa forma, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar associação entre agregação de fatores/comportamentos de risco à saúde e perda de produtividade laboral e aumento dos custos com saúde em adultos atendidos no Sistema Único de Saúde. Para tanto, 342 pacientes foram convidados a fazer parte da pesquisa e foram avaliados quanto a associação dos custos com tratamento na atenção primária e perda de produtividade com fatores/comportamentos de risco como adiposidade corporal, nível de atividade física, consumo de álcool e tabagismo e com variáveis de desfecho das doenças crônicas como os distúrbios do sono e dor lombar, e ainda, às variáveis sexo e idade de aposentadoria. Os fatores/comportamentos de risco foram agregados para constituir uma única variável de risco, assim, a amostra foi subdividida em três grupos: (i) nenhum comportamento/fator de risco, (ii) 1 comportamento/fator de risco, (iii) 2 ou mais comportamentos/fatores de risco, e o grau de influência de cada fator de risco nos custos com perda de produtividade foi verificado isoladamente e agregado a outros fatores de ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The increase in life expectancy is accompanied by economic and social consequences, which highlights the increase in chronic diseases and health spending. Noncommunicable chronic diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide and are present more intensely in the elderly, having as some of its risk factors, smoking, alcohol use, physical inactivity and obesity. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the association between the aggregation of factors / risk behaviors to health and productivity loss and the raise on health care costs in adults treated at the Health System. Therefore, 342 patients were invited to join the study and were evaluated concerning the association of treatment costs in public primary health care services and productivity loss with factors / risk behaviors such as body fat, physical activity level, alcohol consumption and smoking, with outcome variables of chronic diseases such as sleep disorders and back pain; moreover, the gender and age of retirement. The factors / risk behaviors were aggregated to constitute a single risk variable, so the sample was subdivided into three groups: (i) no behavior / risk factor, (ii) one behavior / risk factor, (iii) 2 or more behaviors / risk factors and the degree of influence of each risk factor in productivity loss costs was checked separately and added to other risk factors. Statistical analysis was made by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene, Kruskal Wallis tests for comparison of three or more groups (Ma... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Economia, 2006. / Submitted by Érika Rayanne Carvalho (carvalho.erika@ymail.com) on 2009-09-27T02:01:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_Carlos Wagner de Albuquerque Oliveira.pdf: 589449 bytes, checksum: 8f12a41ce6a0a0b3c744281dfd3473b9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Maia(luanna@bce.unb.br) on 2009-10-29T14:43:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_Carlos Wagner de Albuquerque Oliveira.pdf: 589449 bytes, checksum: 8f12a41ce6a0a0b3c744281dfd3473b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2009-10-29T14:43:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_Carlos Wagner de Albuquerque Oliveira.pdf: 589449 bytes, checksum: 8f12a41ce6a0a0b3c744281dfd3473b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Os modelos neoclássicos que versam sobre crescimento econômico apresentam como corolário a convergência de renda entre regiões. Não obstante, o Brasil se caracteriza historicamente pela concentração geográfica da produção e da renda. Recentemente, essa possibilidade tem sido incorporada pela teoria, cujos argumentos se pautam na existência de vantagens comparativas, retornos crescentes de escala, economias de aglomeração e externalidades marshallianas. A questão então é: a política regional deve enfatizar a redução das disparidades regionais de renda existentes no Brasil? A resposta a essa questão é apresentada neste trabalho, tomando como base o modelo apresentado em Matsuyama e Takahashi (1998). Os resultados mostram que no período em que o Brasil acelerava o seu processo de industrialização (anos de 1950), havia uma tendência natural para a concentração regional da produção e da população e essa concentração traria um maior nível de bem-estar para a população. Assim, a política regional deveria ser a de incentivar a concentração, o contrário do que postulara o relatório do GTDN. Porém, a conjuntura dos anos 1980 mostrou que, nesse período, a população atingiria um superior nível de bem-estar se fosse melhor distribuída entre as regiões. Embora uma distribuição igualitária da população seja desejável, partindo de uma situação de concentração, o setor público deveria atuar efetivamente no sentido de promover uma melhor distribuição populacional. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The neoclassic growth models present results such as income convergence between regions. Nevertheless, Brazil has a historical geographic concentration of income and production. Recently, economic theory has incorporated this possibility, whose arguments are based on comparative advantages, increasing returns, agglomeration economies, and Marshallian externalities. The main question is: Brazilian regional policy must emphasize the reduction of income disparities among regions? The answer to this question is presented in this paper, based on the Matsuyama e Takahashi (1998) model. The results show that, in the period which Brazil accelerated its industrialization process (i.e., 1950s), there was a natural trend for regional concentration of production and population and that that concentration could give a higher welfare level for the population. Therefore, regional policy should induce concentration, contrary to the GTDN report. Nonetheless, the 1980s showed that population could get a higher welfare level if the former were distributed more equally among regions. Even though a better population distribution is desirable, from a situation of concentration, the public sector should perform effectively in order to promote deconcentration.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo defender a perspectiva da existência de uma lógica por trás dos discursos retórico-persuasivos – tal como inaugurada por McCloskey (1983) e Arida (1983) dentro da ciência econômica. O objetivo é demonstrar a completa inadequação de se confundir filosoficamente “retoricismo” com “irracionalismo”, pois, de acordo com nossa interpretação, nem McCloskey nem Arida propõem que não se deva utilizar critérios racionais para validação de teorias econômicas. O que eles propõem, a nosso ver, é que não se deva compreender a história do pensamento econômico e a própria teoria econômica atual como resultado de uma evolução apodíctica epistemologicamente mediada por evidências (sejam elas empíricas ou dedutivas). Isto, no entanto não implica numa desconsideração da “razão” por completo – a não ser que se entenda a “razão” por um prisma estritamente epistemológico; o que não nos parece muito razoável. Sendo assim, procuramos desenvolver ao longo do trabalho argumentos filosóficos oriundos das perspectivas hermenêuticas de: Heidegger, Gadamar, Habermas e Ricoeur, além do pragmatismo de Richard Rorty; com o intuito de relaciona-los com as perspectivas retóricas de McCloskey e Arida; buscando, mais especificamente, demonstrar a fundamentação racional da perspectiva retórica em relação à filosofia contemporânea, e contribuir com o debate retórico na economia a partir de uma tentativa de aproximação entre as perspectivas hermenêuticas – mais especificamente de Habermas e Ricoeur – e a perspectiva retórica de Arida; além de procurar uma melhor explicação e relação entre a filosofia hermenêutica-pragmática, e a perspectiva da “racionalidade prática” presente na ‘nova retórica” de Chaïm Perelman.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Relações Internacionais, Programa de Pós-Graduação, 2007. / Submitted by Luis Felipe Souza (luis_felas@globo.com) on 2008-11-24T18:54:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_2007_CarlosEduardo.pdf: 3828268 bytes, checksum: cb5534c91f1bf019fd0a0dc66bd9b407 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Georgia Fernandes(georgia@bce.unb.br) on 2009-02-06T17:59:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_2007_CarlosEduardo.pdf: 3828268 bytes, checksum: cb5534c91f1bf019fd0a0dc66bd9b407 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2009-02-06T17:59:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_2007_CarlosEduardo.pdf: 3828268 bytes, checksum: cb5534c91f1bf019fd0a0dc66bd9b407 (MD5) / As relações Brasil-Argentina, no período que se estende de 1958 a 1986, passaram por um processo de convergência estrutural, balizado pelo “primeiro ensaio de integração” (1958-1962) e pela Ata de Integração Brasileiro-Argentina (1986), que estabeleceu um Programa de Integração e Cooperação Econômica (PICE) e que marcou o início das negociações que resultaram no Tratado de Assunção (1991), origens do Mercosul. O texto, porém, se inicia em 1962, considerando que o período anterior foi objeto de mestrado do autor. O trabalho pautou-se por duas grandes preocupações: analisar os fatores que permitiram a construção das bases para o entendimento da década de 1980; e identificar nesses vinte e oito anos a existência de subperíodos, definidos com base em características do próprio relacionamento bilateral. A partir do uso de farta base documental de natureza diplomática e de enfoques teóricos variados, com forte inspiração no estruturalismo latinoamericano, identificaram-se as seguintes fases nessa trajetória histórica: afastamento e reaproximação (1962-1966); o aprendizado do diálogo (1966-1972); as dificuldades do diálogo (1972-1976); a superação das dificuldades (1976-1979); e a consolidação do entendimento (1980-1986). A tese apresentada é que, em meio a avanços e recuos, momentos de tensão e de fluidez no diálogo, as relações Brasil-Argentina passaram pela “construção do entendimento” ao longo desse período, entendimento sem o qual a integração iniciada em meados da década de 1980 não seria possível. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / Relations between Brazil and Argentina from 1958 to 1986 went through a process that might be defined as one of structural convergence. This process was deeply characterized by the “first attempt towards integration” (1858 – 1962) and by the Brazil-Argentina Integration Act (1986), which established a Program for Economic Integration and Cooperation, also known as PICE (Programa de Integração e Cooperação Econômica). That was also when the two countries initiated negotiations that later resulted in the elaboration of the agreement that originated Mercosur, the 1990 Treaty of Assunción. This dissertation basically analyzes the years after 1962 (since the previous years were theme to the author’s Master’s thesis) and reflects two major concerns: identifying the elements which led to the foundations of the 1980’s Brazil-Argentina dialogs; and emphasizing the existence, within the period being analyzed, of different phases, or sub-periods based on characteristics of their bilateral relations. Through the use of diplomatic archives’ documentation and different theoretical approaches strongly inspired in Latin-American structuralism, the following sub-periods were identified: a) distancing and reapproximating (1962-1966); b) learning from the dialogue (1966-1972); c) difficulties in dialoguing (1972-1976); d) overcoming difficulties (1976-1979); and e) consolidating understandings (1980-1986). The main thesis of this dissertation states that, amidst internal political crises and irresistible regional political pressures, advancements and setbacks, moments of tension and loosening in dialog, Brazil-Argentina relations went through a process of “construction of understanding” during the period at stake. And without this understanding, integration as it started in the 1980’s would not have been possible.

Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T19:00:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Romulo-Gouvea.pdf: 7271203 bytes, checksum: d9d9cdb9d39c7af5976a3b3bd7dfcef1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / The main subject of this study is the analysis of negotiations. The study was developed based on the scenery of paralization and impasse of the negotiations for the Free Trade Area of the Americas - FTAA. Generally speaking, delays and interruptions caused by controversies and impasses end up becoming strong efficiency problems which jeopardize the consensus building during any negotiation. As a justification, the target of this study is to identify processes and recommendations to help obtain, efficiently, agreements in the negotiations. Its final objective was to search for theoretical tools and techniques to be applied in situations of stoppage in a sense of eliminating the difficulties or making them at least easier to deal with. Secondarily other theoretical points of view were considered with the intention of understanding how strategies and theoretical tools can contribute in each situation or in each different scenario of the negotiation. Through the different ways of looking at it for the conduction of the negotiations, for evaluating the dimensions of the negotiations and in order to build up the consensus, the researcher was able to understand the perception and the interpretation of the subject in view. At last the conclusion was that the applicability of the chosen framework is positive in helping solve problems and controversies as well as building up the consensus during the negotiations. / Esse trabalho aborda como tema principal o estudo de negociações e se desenvolve no cenário de paralisação e impasse nas negociações da Área de Livre Comércio das Américas - ALCA. Nas negociações em geral, atrasos e paralisações, ocasionados por controvérsias e impasses, podem constituir um forte problema de eficiência na construção do consenso. Como justificativa, diante da problemática, esse trabalho visa identificar processos e recomendações que auxiliem a obter, eficientemente, acordos nas negociações. Seu objetivo final foi a busca por instrumentos teóricos e técnicas que pudessem ser aplicados em situações de paralisações, no sentido de eliminá-las ou amenizá-las. Como objetivo secundário, foram estudadas outras abordagens teóricas no intuito de entender, sob diversas óticas, como estratégias e instrumentos teóricos contribuem mais eficientemente em cada situação ou em cada condição de negociação. Através das diferentes abordagens escolhidas para gestão das negociações, para avaliação das dimensões presentes nas negociações e para construção de consenso, ficou possível ao pesquisador a percepção e interpretação do fenômeno estudado. Ao final, concluiu-se positivamente sobre a aplicabilidade do arcabouço teórico escolhido, no auxílio na solução problemas de controvérsias e impasses, bem como, na construção de consenso nas negociações.

Made available in DSpace on 2008-05-13T13:16:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001-08-06

Made available in DSpace on 2008-05-13T15:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2083.pdf: 541513 bytes, checksum: b48cd5788a90e63bd202862cb26f1235 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-27 / This study in International Economics has three main goals. First, to indicate, among seven price indices, the one with the highest purchasing power parity (PPP) evidence; second, to suggest that the international trade theory explains to satisfaction the real exchange rate parity among countries with similar relative-factor-endowment; and third, to study the impact of the Brazilian trade openness on labor demand elasticity.

Submitted by JOHNNY VICTOR TOMA (johnny.toma2015@fgvmail.br) on 2015-01-27T13:49:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Johnny Toma_CIM Thesis_10 8 14 submission.pdf: 2451193 bytes, checksum: bb3657254477027d36e42cf222b16a15 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-01-28T14:10:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Johnny Toma_CIM Thesis_10 8 14 submission.pdf: 2451193 bytes, checksum: bb3657254477027d36e42cf222b16a15 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-02-05T12:16:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Johnny Toma_CIM Thesis_10 8 14 submission.pdf: 2451193 bytes, checksum: bb3657254477027d36e42cf222b16a15 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T12:17:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Johnny Toma_CIM Thesis_10 8 14 submission.pdf: 2451193 bytes, checksum: bb3657254477027d36e42cf222b16a15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-29 / Deep in the South Pacific region about 2,300 miles southwest of the Hawaiian islands1 lies a United States territory that many Americans have never heard of nor known anything about. However, some famous Americans such as Troy Polamalu of the Pittsburgh Steelers, semi retired professional wrestler Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson, and Hawaii Congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard have genealogical roots there. More importantly, many of the Territory’s sons and daughters have served and lost their lives for the United States flag and the cause of freedom around the world. This place is called American Samoa, a collection of seven islands that if glued together would have a total landmass of approximately 76 square miles, just a tad bigger than the capital city of the United States. According to the United States Census Bureau, there were 55,519 residents of American Samoa in 2010.1 The majority of them are ethnic Samoans, a Polynesian sect that traces its history back to early migrants from Southeast Asia who settled the islands around 1500 B.C.2 3 The climate is warm all year long and the forests along the mountains are ripe with vegetation. The main island is Tutuila with its beautiful and coveted landlocked harbor that was used as a coaling station by the United States naval ships during World War II. In fact, it was the Pago Pago Harbor that diminished the impact of the 2009 Tsunami that devastated the Samoan islands by channeling the waters of the Pacific Ocean towards the end of the harbor instead of flooding many other villages surrounding the Pago Pago Bay area. Lives and property were destroyed near the end of the Harbor but it could have been worse for the entire Bay area. Locally grown foods include coconut, taro, banana, guava, sugar cane, papaya, yam, pineapple, and breadfruit. It is completely surrounded by the Pacific Ocean from which the locals obtain a variety of seafood. There is a popular saying in Samoa that goes, 'In Samoa, it is impossible to starve 1 American Samoa Department of Commerce, 2012 Statistical Yearbook, http://www.doc.as/wpcontent/uploads/2011/06/2012-Statistical-Yearbook-1.pdf 2 U.S. Census Bureau News, U.S. Census Bureau Releases 2010 Census Population Counts for American Samoa, http://www.census.gov/2010census/news/releases/operations/cb11-cn177.html (Aug. 24, 2011). 3 3 J. Robert Shaffer, American Samoa: 100 Years Under the United States Flag (Honolulu, Hawaii: Island Heritage Publishing, 2000), 34. 4 because people live off of the land’s and the ocean’s abundant resources.' To the west of American Samoa lies a larger group of four islands that make up the Sovereign State of Samoa, which became independent from New Zealand in 1962. Samoa and American Samoa share the same language, culture, and religion but are divided by government and political systems. The focus of this study will be on American Samoa, which became a United States territory in 1900 when the principal chiefs of Tutuila (the largest island in American Samoa) ceded the islands to the United States.

Submitted by Clay Lee Doherty (clay.doherty2015@fgvmail.br) on 2015-01-27T17:40:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAY L DOHERTY.pdf: 784696 bytes, checksum: 4deefbdb21ea0d5b500bb49692552473 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-02-04T19:24:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAY L DOHERTY.pdf: 784696 bytes, checksum: 4deefbdb21ea0d5b500bb49692552473 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-02-11T17:39:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAY L DOHERTY.pdf: 784696 bytes, checksum: 4deefbdb21ea0d5b500bb49692552473 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-11T17:40:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAY L DOHERTY.pdf: 784696 bytes, checksum: 4deefbdb21ea0d5b500bb49692552473 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-28 / With transnational corporations (TNCs) around the world today numbering over 60,000 and more than 800,000 affiliates working abroad, it is easy to understand how modern day international business could have transformed into a major global player serving at the axis of politics, social and environmental responsibility. Additionally, with accountability to a large variety of both public and private stakeholders, all exerting significant power and influence, today’s global corporate structure is reinventing modern international relations, and in some cases, dominating it. (Muldoon 2005) This transformative nature of globalization today can also serve as a source of friction among this growing chorus of players and is bringing irreversible change to these relationships and how they impact and influence business around the world. (Muldoon 2005) From the largest to the smallest international corporation seeking to expand into new international markets, the challenges that come with corporate ambition can mean the difference between success and failure and they find a home at the intersection of international relations, diplomacy and economics. To successfully navigate these challenges, especially in emerging economies, a company must now factor in more than just the 'bottom line' and address complex issues that include human rights differences, environmental regulations, labor rights and values of each country. (Henisz, 2014) Combined with modern-day mobility achieved through technology and the Internet, corporations today have a great capacity to reach targeted audiences and establish a presence, but it is this same technology that also allows for immediate response to any corporate action. This constant, 24-hour news cycle, where everyone is made to be a real-time reporter through social media, has created a situation that demonstrably necessitates the ability to not only 3 respond immediately, but also to have real-time understanding of the challenges faced by a corporation as it looks toward global expansion. International Business Diplomacy, or simply Business Diplomacy as it will be referred to in this paper, combines all of these nuanced factors into a relatively new discipline that offers companies looking to expand into new markets, guidelines and directives so that they can more strategically map corporate direction, limit risk and achieve their objectives. This paper will examine the history of diplomacy and how the concept of statecraft became intertwined with the increasing globalization of business. Following a scholarly examination of how modern Business Diplomacy came into being, and the unique challenges that come with its application, particularly the liabilities needed to be overcome, this paper will apply the concept to the Brazilian aerospace manufacturer Embraer, tracking its strategic emergence from a small, regionally focused aircraft producer to global leader in the regional and executive jet market platforms. It will then examine Embraer’s entrance into the Chinese market, where the company suffered from several missteps and eventually had to refocus its business model from commercial to executive jets. Finally, as globalization continues to 'emancipate international business from its institutional and social constraints,' (Muldoon 2005) this paper will address how the relatively new and emerging discipline of Business Diplomacy is continuing to mature and grow in stature and influence through the proposition of a new challenge or 'liability' that corporations must also overcome as they expand into new markets. Through the analysis of Embraer in China, this paper will introduce the Liability of Governance to the lexicon of Business Diplomacy and propose specific steps that a company can undertake to avoid it.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:18:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1999-03-26T00:00:00Z / Um questionamento da hipótese que explica o crescimento econômico do período do 'milagre brasileiro' por fatores atuando pelo lado da demanda - o crédito pessoal elevando a renda pessoal disponível e impulsionando o consumo dos bens duráveis. Para tanto, retrocedemos aos anos JK, quando observou-se a instalação da capacidade que permitiria mais tarde a retomada do crescimento. Analisamos as fontes de financiamento desses dois períodos de intenso crescimento econômico, contrapondo o primeiro, financiado por poupança interna, ao segundo baseado por poupança externa. Ressaltamos, em nossa análise, a importância da reforma financeira que possibilitou a criação de um mercado de capitais dinâmico que deu sustentação ao novo surto expansivo.