Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GlenioLFL.pdf: 3500534 bytes, checksum: d4ce541fabad7066b400594c3c70b44c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This master thesis aims to assess the influence of the design decisions on the energy building performance of hotels. The research is based on the integration of field study and computer simulation. Firstly, a detailed field study is carried out to identify the characteristics of hotels in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. The items assessed are occupancies, light and equipment densities, types of air conditioning, total and monthly energy consumption, among others. A second and more comprehensive field study is carried out to identify the range of occurrence of architectural variables, with a larger number of buildings. A base case is modelled in VisualDOE, based on the first field study. Then, a first set of simulations are run to explore the sensitivity of the variables on the energy consumption. The results analyses were the base of a second set of simulations, which combined the most influential variables. The results of 384 models were assessed, and the impacts of design decisions were quantified. The study discusses tendencies and recommendations, as well as the methods advantages and disadvantages / O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as decis?es arquitet?nicas mais importantes relacionadas com a redu??o do consumo energ?tico em hot?is. A partir de auditorias realizadas em 43 meios de hospedagem da cidade foi poss?vel conhecer mais suas formas de funcionamento, seus equipamentos, sistema de ilumina??o, tipos de condicionadores de ar, al?m de caracter?sticas construtivas. Os dados dessa pesquisa de campo foram organizados e os aspectos mais relevantes foram utilizadas na modelagem de um caso representativo. Com base nesse modelo inicial, simula??es computacionais foram realizadas com a finalidade de se verificar o impacto de diferentes alternativas de projeto no consumo de energia. Entre as vari?veis analisadas est?o a efici?ncia do sistema de resfriamento, a orienta??o, o sombreamento, o tamanho das aberturas, o tipo de vidro, al?m de caracter?sticas t?rmicas de parede e coberta. Os resultados demonstraram a import?ncia das rotinas de ocupa??o na defini??o das estrat?gias projetuais, as combina??es com melhor e pior desempenho em rela??o ao modelo inicial, identificaram os casos em que determinada vari?vel tem seu efeito minimizado/maximizado sobre o consumo, al?m de quantificar o impacto produzido na combina??o de uma, duas ou mais alternativas de projeto. As an?lises evidenciaram ainda a complexidade que a coleta de dados envolve, as peculiaridades do setor hoteleiro e a dificuldade de se estabelecer correla??es claras com o consumo, sobretudo pelas incertezas associadas ? imprevisibilidade de uso nos hot?is e aus?ncia de crit?rios/normas de classifica??o

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-03T22:56:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipeDenisMendoncaDeOliveira_TESE.pdf: 5762435 bytes, checksum: f710387481b7dc41c1ff916b28138dbf (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-05T19:51:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipeDenisMendoncaDeOliveira_TESE.pdf: 5762435 bytes, checksum: f710387481b7dc41c1ff916b28138dbf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-05T19:51:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipeDenisMendoncaDeOliveira_TESE.pdf: 5762435 bytes, checksum: f710387481b7dc41c1ff916b28138dbf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-03 / Uma Rede de Sensores sem Fio (RSSF) consiste de dispositivos distribu?dos em uma ?rea com a finalidade de monitorar vari?veis f?sicas, tais como temperatura, press?o, vibra??o, movimento e condi??es ambientais em locais onde as redes cabeadas seriam complicadas ou impratic?veis de serem implementadas, por exemplo, aplica??es industriais de dif?cil acesso, monitoramento e controle de po?os petrol?feros terrestres ou mar?timos, no acompanhamento de extensas ?reas de cultivo agr?rio e animal, entre outros. Para ser vi?vel, uma RSSF deve possuir requisitos importantes, tais como baixo custo, baixa lat?ncia e, principalmente, baixo consumo de energia. Entretanto, para garantir tais requisitos, essas redes sofrem limita??o de recursos, al?m de, eventualmente, serem utilizadas em ambientes hostis, levando a altas taxas de falhas, tais como roteamentos segmentados, perda de mensagens, reduzindo a efici?ncia podendo chegar, inclusive, a comprometer a rede como um todo. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar o FTE-LEACH, um protocolo de roteamento energeticamente eficiente e tolerante a falhas, mantendo a efici?ncia na comunica??o e na dissemina??o de dados. Tal protocolo foi desenvolvido baseado no padr?o IEEE 802.15.4 e voltado ?s redes industriais com recursos energ?ticos limitados. / A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of distributed devices in an area in order to monitor physical variables such as temperature, pressure, vibration, motion and environmental conditions in places where wired networks would be difficult or impractical to implement, for example, industrial applications of difficult access, monitoring and control of oil wells on-shore or off-shore, monitoring of large areas of agricultural and animal farming, among others. To be viable, a WSN should have important requirements such as low cost, low latency, and especially low power consumption. However, to ensure these requirements, these networks suffer from limited resources, and eventually being used in hostile environments, leading to high failure rates, such as segmented routing, mes sage loss, reducing efficiency, and compromising the entire network, inclusive. This work aims to present the FTE-LEACH, a fault tolerant and energy efficient routing protocol that maintains efficiency in communication and dissemination of data.This protocol was developed based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard and suitable for industrial networks with limited energy resources

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-30T23:14:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RomuloAlvesDeOliveira_TESE.pdf: 1869244 bytes, checksum: af0453c8083aee85607b79c3a17c1d4c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-01T22:30:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RomuloAlvesDeOliveira_TESE.pdf: 1869244 bytes, checksum: af0453c8083aee85607b79c3a17c1d4c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-01T22:30:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RomuloAlvesDeOliveira_TESE.pdf: 1869244 bytes, checksum: af0453c8083aee85607b79c3a17c1d4c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-27 / Atualmente os projetos de Ilumina??o P?blica (IP), ou seja, ruas, avenidas, pra?as, estacionamentos e similares s?o realizados com a utiliza??o de softwares comerciais ou livres, em geral, fornecidos por fabricantes ou grupos de fabricantes de produtos de ilumina??o, aplicando o M?todo Ponto a Ponto para o c?lculo dos n?veis de ilumina??o. Outros pontos em comum s?o: a falta de preocupa??o na redu??o dos custos dos projetos e a dificuldade em modificar as estruturas utilizadas, tais como: localiza??o e altura dos postes e lumin?rias, ?ngulo de inclina??o das lumin?rias, quantidade de lumin?rias por poste, entre outros. Qualquer altera??o nas estruturas ter? que ser feita manualmente, geralmente em um ambiente CAD, para depois obter os novos resultados e comparar com os anteriores. Para auxiliar nessa tarefa, ? proposta aqui a utiliza??o da Metaheur?stica Col?nia de Formigas, onde os par?metros e localiza??o das estruturas passam a ser definidos automaticamente, de forma a atender os n?veis de ilumina??o estabelecidos nas normas t?cnicas, al?m de otimizar o custo de material por unidade de ?rea. / The development of public lighting projects in Brazil must meet the standards established in Brazilian standards. Many of these projects is developed through the use of knowledge about "practical rules" practiced by the designers of this area. In some cases are also used computational tools offered, generally, by leading manufacturers of lamps/luminaires. These tools have served only as calculation tools, with some limitations, such as: are not able to verify compliance or not the parameters established by Brazilian standards, most of the luminaires offered in your database are not sold in Brazil, not have no concern about the analysis of the implementation costs of elaborate designs and, finally, present an enormous difficulty in performing tests on a large volume of possible projects. It is the goal of this thesis to develop a methodology and a computational tool for the development of public lighting projects based on genetic algorithm techniques that not only perform the calculations of these projects, but can also test several possible projects using in your database the luminaires marketed in Brazil, providing the user, as a solution, a set of projects that meet the Brazilian standards and classified according the implementation costs of each project. To adjust the proposed algorithm the following performance parameters were modified: number of individuals in the initial population; probability of achievement of the cross-over; probability of achievement of the mutation. A comparison of this method with the projects developed with the use of "practical rules" is performed for various types of existing roads. The results obtained using the proposed methodology and the developed computational tool show that the methodology, including the adjustments in performance parameters, is able to meet the objectives of the work.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseKCO_DISSERT.pdf: 2360607 bytes, checksum: ad43aaed1b6651cd3d8e3ffe4e2f5b67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-04 / The sanitation companies from Brazil has a great challenge for the XXI century: seek to mitigate the rate of physical waste (water, chemicals and electricity) and financial waste caused by inefficient operating systems drinking water supply, considering that currently we already face, in some cases, the scarcity of water resources. The supply systems are increasingly complex as they seek to minimize waste and at the same time better serve the growing number of users. However, this technological change is to reduce the complexity of the challenges posed by the need to include users with higher quality and efficiency in services. A major challenge for companies of water supplies is to provide a good quality service contemplating reducing expenditure on electricity. In this situation we developed a research by a method that seeks to control the pressure of the distribution systems that do not have the tank in your setup and the water comes out of the well directly to the distribution system. The method of pressure control (intelligent control) uses fuzzy logic to eliminate the waste of electricity and the leaks from the production of pumps that inject directly into the distribution system, which causes waste of energy when the consumption of households is reduced causing the saturation of the distribution system. This study was conducted at Green Club II condominium, located in the city of Parnamirim, state of Rio Grande do Norte, in order to study the pressure behavior of the output of the pump that injects water directly into the distribution system. The study was only possible because of the need we had to find a solution to some leaks in the existing distribution system and the extensions of the respective condominium residences, which sparked interest in developing a job in order to carry out the experiments contained in this research / As empresas de saneamento do Brasil t?m um grande desafio para o s?culo XXI, procurar diminuir o ?ndice de desperd?cios f?sicos (?gua, produtos qu?micos e energia el?trica) e financeiros causados pela inefici?ncia operacional dos sistemas de abastecimento de ?gua pot?vel, levando-se em considera??o que atualmente j? se enfrenta, em alguns casos, a escassez dos recursos h?dricos. Os sistemas de abastecimento est?o cada vez mais complexos porque buscam minimizar os desperd?cios e ao mesmo tempo atender melhor ao crescente n?mero de usu?rios. Contudo, a evolu??o tecnol?gica est? presente para diminuir a complexidade dos desafios hora impostos pela necessidade de contemplar os usu?rios com maior qualidade e efici?ncia nos servi?os. Um dos grandes desafios para as empresas de abastecimento de ?gua est? em proporcionar um servi?o de boa qualidade contemplando a diminui??o das despesas com energia el?trica. Diante disso, desenvolveu-se um trabalho de pesquisa atrav?s de um m?todo que busca controlar a press?o da rede de distribui??o em sistemas que n?o apresentam na sua configura??o o reservat?rio e, por isso a ?gua sai do po?o diretamente para a rede de distribui??o. O m?todo de controle da press?o (controle inteligente) utiliza a l?gica fuzzy para eliminar o desperd?cio de energia el?trica e os vazamentos provocados pela produ??o das bombas que injetam diretamente na rede de distribui??o, provocando desperd?cio de energia quando o consumo das resid?ncias ? reduzido causando o saturamento da rede. Esse trabalho foi realizado no condom?nio Green Club II, situado na cidade de Parnamirim - RN, com o objetivo de estudar o comportamento da press?o da bomba que injeta diretamente na rede de distribui??o. O estudo s? foi poss?vel em virtude da necessidade que havia de se encontrar uma solu??o para alguns vazamentos existentes na rede de distribui??o e nos ramais das resid?ncias do respectivo condom?nio, fato que despertou o interesse em desenvolver um trabalho com o intuito de realizar as experi?ncias contidas nesta pesquisa

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgeCS_DISSERT.pdf: 2052095 bytes, checksum: 94bcb92ee6c4f6a8299833c1b6b33205 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-12 / New materials made from industrial wastes have been studied as an alternative to traditional fabrication processes in building and civil engineering. These materials are produced considering some issues like: cost, efficiency and reduction of nvironmental damage. Specifically in cases of materials destined to dwellings in low latitude regions, like Brazilian Northeast, efficiency is related to mechanical and thermal resistance. Thus, when thermal insulation and energetic efficiency are aimed, it s important to increase thermal resistance without depletion of mechanical properties. This research was conducted on a construction element made of two plates of cement mortar, interspersed with a plate of recycled expanded polystyrene (EPS). This component, widely known as sandwich-panel, is commonly manufactured with commercial EPS whose substitution was proposed in this study. For this purpose it was applied a detailed methodology that defines parameters to a rational batching of the elements that constitute the nucleus. Samples of recycled EPS were made in two different values of apparent specific mass (ρ = 65 kg/m?; ρ = 130 kg/m?) and submitted to the Quick-Line 30TM that is a thermophysical properties analyzer. Based on the results of thermal conductivity, thermal capacity and thermal diffusivity obtained, it was possible to assure that recycled EPS has thermal insulation characteristics that qualify it to replace commercial EPS in building and civil engineering industry / Novos materiais desenvolvidos a partir de res?duos industriais v?m sendo estudados como alternativa aos modelos tradicionalmente empregados na constru??o civil. Para desenvolvimento desses materiais s?o considerados fatores como: custo, efici?ncia e redu??o de passivo ambiental. No caso espec?fico de materiais para aplica??o em habita??es situadas em baixas latitudes, como no Nordeste do Brasil, a efici?ncia diz respeito ?s resist?ncias mec?nica e t?rmica, onde o aumento da resist?ncia t?rmica, sem comprometimento da resist?ncia mec?nica, ? desej?vel quando se buscam a isola??o t?rmica e a efici?ncia energ?tica das edifica??es. No presente trabalho s?o apresentados os resultados do estudo de um elemento construtivo composto de placas de argamassa de cimento intercaladas por placa de EPS reciclado, constituindo um painel sandu?che para emprego na ind?stria da constru??o civil. Estuda-se detalhadamente a metodologia de execu??o desses pain?is, definindo-se par?metros para dosagem racional dos materiais que comp?em o n?cleo. Foram confeccionados corpos de prova com massas espec?ficas aparentes de 65 kg/m? e 130 kg/m?. As propriedades termof?sicas dos corpos de prova foram analisadas utilizando-se o equipamento Quick-Line 30TM, que forneceu dados de condutividade t?rmica, capacidade calor?fica e difusividade t?rmica. Com base nos resultados obtidos foi poss?vel constatar as boas caracter?sticas do EPS reciclado como material termoisolante, estando esse apto ? substitui??o do EPS comercial em pain?is de constru??o

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoCGF.pdf: 1784885 bytes, checksum: c1cd900c993fe3d542b3a48edba18fcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-29 / In energy systems, the balance of entrances, exits and losses are fundamental to rationalize the energy consumption, independently of the source (sun, natural gas, wind, water, firewood or oil). This estimate is important so much in the phase of project of the facilities, as in the exploration or operation. In the project phase it indicates the energy needs of the process and the contribution of the energy in the cost of the product and the capacity of storage of the fuel and in the operation phase it allows to evaluate the use of the energy in the process of it burns, showing the weak points that should suffer intervention to improve the efficiency. With this tool, it can be implemented routines of calculation of thermal balances in ovens of it burns of structural ceramic, in way to generate an optimized mathematical model for application in the current and promising structural ceramic brazilian industry. The ceramic oven in study is located in the metropolitan area of Natal (Rio Grande do Norte) and it is a continuous oven of the type wagons tunnel, converted of firewood for natural gas and it produces blocks of red ceramic. The energy balance was applied in the oven tunnel before and after the conversion and made the comparisons of the energy efficiencies (it burns to the firewood and it burns to natural gas), what showed that the gaseous fuel is more efficient when we burn structural ceramic in ovens tunnels. When we burn natural gas, the requested energy is smaller and better used. Tests were accomplished in the burned product that showed the best quality of the burned brick with natural gas. That quality improvement makes possible to accomplish new interventions for the most rational use of the energy in the oven tunnel of the Ceramic in study and in the industries of structural ceramic of the whole Brazil, that need control tools of burning and of quality / Em sistemas energ?ticos, o balan?o de entradas, sa?das e perdas s?o fundamentais para racionalizar o consumo energ?tico, independentemente da fonte (sol, g?s natural, vento, ?gua, lenha ou ?leo). Esta estimativa ? importante tanto na fase de projeto das instala??es, quanto na explora??o ou opera??o. Na fase de projeto indica as necessidades energ?ticas do processo e a contribui??o da energia no custo do produto e a capacidade de armazenamento do combust?vel e na fase de opera??o permite avaliar a utiliza??o da energia no processo de queima, mostrando os pontos fracos que devem sofrer interven??o para melhorar a efici?ncia. Com esta ferramenta, pode-se implementar rotinas de c?lculo de balan?os t?rmicos em fornos de queima de cer?mica estrutural, de forma a gerar um modelo matem?tico otimizado para aplica??o na atual e promissora ind?stria cer?mica estrutural brasileira. O forno cer?mico em estudo est? localizado na regi?o metropolitana de Natal e trata-se de um forno cont?nuo do tipo t?nel de vagonetas, convertido de lenha para g?s natural e produz blocos de cer?mica vermelha. Foi aplicado o balan?o energ?tico no forno t?nel antes e depois da convers?o e feita as compara??es das efici?ncias energ?ticas (queima ? lenha e queima a g?s natural), o que mostrou que o combust?vel gasoso ? mais eficiente na queima de cer?mica estrutural em fornos t?neis. Na queima gasosa a energia requerida ? menor e melhor aproveitada. Foram realizados testes no produto queimado que mostraram a melhor qualidade do tijolo queimado a g?s natural. Essa melhoria de qualidade possibilita realizar-se novas otimiza??es para o uso mais racional da energia no forno t?nel em quest?o e nas ind?strias de cer?mica estrutural de todo o Brasil, que necessitam de ferramentas de controle de queima e de qualidade

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-12T20:24:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianoFechineTorresClemente_DISSERT.pdf: 35056002 bytes, checksum: 41ba19bd8f6d578f57a68b5233e5a621 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-16T20:05:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianoFechineTorresClemente_DISSERT.pdf: 35056002 bytes, checksum: 41ba19bd8f6d578f57a68b5233e5a621 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-16T20:05:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianoFechineTorresClemente_DISSERT.pdf: 35056002 bytes, checksum: 41ba19bd8f6d578f57a68b5233e5a621 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / Alguns s?tios na cidade de Natal/RN possuem agrad?veis condi??es de ventila??o natural, no entanto, as edifica??es constru?das dependem excessivamente de sistemas de ar-condicionado para renova??o do ar, muitas vezes fruto de um planejamento inadequado que n?o prioriza aspectos do conforto ambiental. Sendo assim, o trabalho a seguir trata-se do anteprojeto arquitet?nico de um novo ambulat?rio para o Hospital Universit?rio Onofre Lopes com ?nfase na aplica??o de estrat?gias passivas de ventila??o natural com objetivo de promover um maior n?mero de trocas de ar no interior dos ambientes. O pr?dio possui uma ?rea constru?da de 31.998,97m?, distribu?dos ao longo de 10 pavimentos, sendo um t?rreo e mais 06 andares superiores, al?m de tr?s subsolos, a ser edificado na ?rea 01 do Campus Biom?dico da Sa?de, localizado no Bairro de Petr?polis. A ado??o do partido arquitet?nico levou em considera??o uma s?rie de condicionantes tais como topografia do terreno, dire??o e velocidade dos ventos predominantes, sistema construtivo, al?m daquelas de ordem normativas, com destaque para NBR-15220 e C?digo de Combate a Inc?ndio. Os procedimentos metodol?gicos adotados envolveram o c?lculo do fluxo e n?mero de trocas de ar por hora nas salas de espera, consult?rios e mecanoterapia/termoterapia que foram registrados em mem?rias de c?lculo, para o qual foi necess?rio o conhecimento das velocidades dos ventos no interior dos ambientes analisados, de dados obtidos na base de dados do Laborat?rio de Conforto Ambiental da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, al?m da utiliza??o de refer?ncias bibliogr?ficas sobre o tema do conforto t?rmico. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as estrat?gias de ventila??o cruzada aplicadas no projeto, tais como utiliza??o de sheds na cobertura para captar o vento em dire??o a po?os de ventila??o, aliados a ?trios internos e loca??o de aberturas em pontos opostos com diferentes coeficientes de press?o, dimensionadas e sombreadas adequadamente, provocam um aumento no fluxo e n?mero de trocas de ar por hora no interior dos ambientes quando comparado ? ventila??o unilateral. Dessa forma permite-se que cada um seja ocupado por uma maior quantidade de pessoas, requisito esse importante para a funcionalidade do pr?dio, j? que o hospital trata-se de uma institui??o de ensino. Dessa forma, potencializa-se o uso da ventila??o natural e cria-se as condi??es para minimizar o consumo de ar condicionado, que contribui para o planejamento de uma arquitetura com mais efici?ncia energ?tica. / Some sites in the city of Natal / RN have pleasant conditions of natural ventilation, however, the built buildings rely heavily on air conditioning systems for air renovation, often the result of inadequate planning that does not prioritize aspects of environmental comfort. Therefore, the following work deals with the architectural design of a new outpatient clinic for the University Hospital Onofre Lopes, with emphasis on the application of passive strategies of natural ventilation with the objective of promoting a greater number of air changes within the environments. The building has a built area of 31,998.97m?, distributed over 10 floors, one ground floor and a further six floors, in addition to three basements, to be built in area 01 of the Biomedical Health Campus, located in the Petropolis District. The adoption of the architectural party took into account a series of constraints such as topography of the terrain, direction and speed of prevailing winds, construction system, besides those of normative order, especially NBR-15220 and Fire Code. The methodological procedures adopted involved calculating the flow and number of air changes per hour in the waiting rooms, clinics and mechanotherapy / thermotherapy that were recorded in calculation memories, for which it was necessary to know the velocities of the winds inside the environments analyzed, from data obtained from the Laboratory of Environmental Comfort of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in addition to the use of bibliographical references on the topic of thermal comfort. The results show that the cross ventilation strategies applied in the design, such as the use of sheds in the roof to capture the wind towards ventilation wells, allied to internal atria and rent of openings in opposite points with different pressure coefficients, dimensioned and properly shaded, cause an increase in the flow and number of air changes per hour inside the environments when compared to unilateral ventilation. In this way, each one is allowed to be occupied by a larger number of people, a requirement that is important for the functionality of the building, since the hospital is a teaching institution. In this way, the use of natural ventilation is potentiated and conditions are created to minimize the consumption of air conditioning, which contributes to the planning of a more energy efficient architecture.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-20T17:11:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SebastiaoEmidioAlvesFilho_TESE.pdf: 1396937 bytes, checksum: 809a90c1177992fb8eec2bff66c2e006 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-22T12:00:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SebastiaoEmidioAlvesFilho_TESE.pdf: 1396937 bytes, checksum: 809a90c1177992fb8eec2bff66c2e006 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T12:00:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SebastiaoEmidioAlvesFilho_TESE.pdf: 1396937 bytes, checksum: 809a90c1177992fb8eec2bff66c2e006 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-01 / Um dos principais desafios da Computa??o Verde ? obter uma melhor rela??o entre a quantidade de trabalho realizada pela infraestrutura computacional e o gasto energ?tico para mant?-la, isto ?, uma melhor efici?ncia energ?tica. Este trabalho apresenta a arquitetura de um cluster computacional de baixo consumo energ?tico que ? capaz de ligar ou desligar, de forma din?mica e autom?tica, um determinado n?mero de m?quinas. A quantidade de m?quinas ligadas ? proporcional ? demanda de trabalho a cada momento, o que evita ligar equipamentos desnecessariamente e aumenta a efici?ncia do sistema. Para o seu desenvolvimento prop?e-se e discute-se um modelo te?rico que ? implementado atrav?s de um cluster composto por dispositivos Raspberry Pi chamado NPi-Cluster. Para atestar a efici?ncia do modelo proposto s?o mostrados resultados experimentais nos quais o cluster ? usado como um servidor web com balanceamento de carga. Os dados obtidos mostram que o NPi-Cluster tem um desempenho adequado quando comparado a outros servidores que rodam em arquiteturas tradicionais, mas com um consumo energ?tico menor. Um cluster com 7 m?quinas usando sua capacidade m?xima atende a mais de 450 requisi??es simult?neas numa taxa de cerca de 1000 transa??es por segundo. Para faz?-lo o cluster consome cerca de 15 Watts, o equivalente a uma l?mpada econ?mica ou um computador em modo suspenso que n?o realiza qualquer atividade. Quando a demanda ? baixa o consumo de energia com as m?quinas ? reduzido dinamicamente, chegando a menos de 2Watts. Al?m de ser capaz de lidar com cargas de trabalhos com boa qualidade de servi?o, o cluster tamb?m prov? alta disponibilidade evitando pontos ?nicos de falha. / One of the main challenges for the so-called Green Computing is to get a better relation between the amount of work performed by the computational infrastructure and the energy consumption to maintain it, providing better energy efficiency. This work presents the architecture of a computing cluster with low energy consumption that powers on or off a number of running machines automatically and dynamically. The quantity of enabled devices adjusts according to the actual processing demand, which avoids unnecessarily powered equipment and increases the overall system power efficiency. In order to carry out its development, a theoretical model is proposed, discussed, and implemented through the NPi-Cluster, a cluster composed of Raspberry Pi devices. To prove the proposed model feasibility, NPi-Cluster is used as a web server with load balancing. Data gathered shows that NPi-Cluster has adequate performance when compared to other web servers running on traditional server architectures, however with less power consumption. A 7-machine cluster running at maximum performance is able to handle more than 450 simultaneous requests, with about 1000 transactions per second. The power consumption required to do it is about 15 Watts, which is equivalent to a energy-saving light bulb or a computer in suspended mode that does not perform any task. When the requests demand is low, the power consumption is dynamically reduced until less than 2 Watts. Besides to being able to handle workloads with acceptable quality of service, the proposed cluster also provides high availability by avoiding single points of failure.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-03-10T19:12:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MAURO MASSANORI MIYASHIRO.pdf: 2380997 bytes, checksum: fc2d550825d50d0a996842532845e496 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-10T19:12:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MAURO MASSANORI MIYASHIRO.pdf: 2380997 bytes, checksum: fc2d550825d50d0a996842532845e496 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-09 / Light Emmiting Diode ? LED. Efici?ncia energ?tica. Portaria n? 144/2015. INMETRO. Fator de pot?ncia. Fluxo luminoso. Efici?ncia energ?tica. The objective of this study was to evaluate the energy efficiency of LED light bulbs (Light Emitting Diode) commercialized in the Brazilian market in the period of 2015/2016 and the development of a low cost test system to measure the mains voltage, current, consumption and power factor of LED lamp. For the evaluation of the LED lamps, the equipment available in the laboratories of the Eldorado Research Institute was used, and as a reference, the requirements established by Ordinance No. 144/2015 of the Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, published on March 13, 2015. This Ordinance made it mandatory for manufacturers and importers to certify LED bulbs as of February 26, 2016. In order to carry out this work, a set of LED lamps from different manufacturers was acquired in the retail market to be subjected to functional tests of consumption of energy (watts), power factor (PF), luminous flux (lumens) and luminous efficiency (lumens/watt). The data obtained were compared with the nominal values declared by the manufacturers, as specified in the INMETRO ordinance. The results show that 11% of the samples failed in the energy consumption test and 83% failed in the power factor test. The developed test system was validated comparing its measurements with the results obtained in the tests carried out in INMETRO certified laboratory. Through this work it was possible to have an overview of the energy efficiency of LED bulbs currently commercialized in the country. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a efici?ncia energ?tica de l?mpadas com tecnologia LED (Light Emitting Diode) comercializadas no mercado brasileiro no per?odo de 2015/2016 e o desenvolvimento de um sistema de teste de baixo custo para medir a tens?o da rede el?trica, a corrente, o consumo e o fator de pot?ncia de l?mpada LED. Para a avalia??o das l?mpadas LED foram utilizados os equipamentos dispon?veis nos laborat?rios do Instituto de Pesquisas Eldorado e como refer?ncia os requisitos estabelecidos pela Portaria n? 144/2015 do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, publicada em 13 de mar?o de 2015. Esta Portaria tornou obrigat?ria para fabricantes e importadores a certifica??o das l?mpadas LED a partir de 26 de fevereiro de 2016. Para a realiza??o deste trabalho foi adquirido no mercado de varejo um conjunto de l?mpadas LED de diferentes fabricantes para serem submetidos a testes funcionais de consumo de energia (watts), fator de pot?ncia (FP), fluxo luminoso (lumens) e efici?ncia luminosa (lumens/watt). Os dados obtidos foram comparados com os valores nominais declarados pelos fabricantes conforme especificado na portaria do INMETRO. Os resultados demonstram que 11% das amostras falharam no teste de consumo de energia e 83% falharam no teste de fator de pot?ncia. O sistema de teste desenvolvido foi validado comparando suas medi??es com os resultados obtidos nos testes realizados em laborat?rio certificado pelo INMETRO. Atrav?s deste trabalho foi poss?vel ter um panorama amostral da efici?ncia energ?tica das l?mpadas LED comercializadas atualmente no pa?s.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-03-23T13:48:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IVAN PEDROTTI LEMOS.pdf: 2401459 bytes, checksum: f02681540995cdcf4ae8524cff81fb9c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-23T13:48:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IVAN PEDROTTI LEMOS.pdf: 2401459 bytes, checksum: f02681540995cdcf4ae8524cff81fb9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-08 / Inteligente. Tarifa Time-of-use tariffs are one way of encouraging consumers to carry out the transfer of load to off-peak intervals, thus making unnecessary new and high investments in generation and transmission and distribution infrastructure. This is therefore a tool for the expansion of energy efficiency, in a new concept of electricity grids, the Smart Grids. However, for this type of charging to be applied, new and modern meters are required, those with the capacity to differentiate consumption hours and that can inform the consumer properly. In this sense, this work is aimed at the development of a meter with an open source platform, in the case Arduino, associated to Analog Devices ADE7753 integrated circuit, transmitting information through IEEE802.11 (Wi-Fi) network, and through an IoT (Internet of Things) platform, to make an assessment whether adoption of the White Tariff is financially beneficial to the consumer in a simple and interactive way. / As tarifas hor?rias s?o uma das formas de incentivar os consumidores a realizarem a transfer?ncia de carga para intervalos fora de ponta, fazendo assim desnecess?rios novos e altos investimentos em gera??o e infraestrutura de transmiss?o e distribui??o. Sendo esta portanto uma ferramenta para a amplia??o da efici?ncia energ?tica, em um novo conceito de redes de energia el?trica, as Smart Grids. Entretanto, para que este tipo de tarifa??o seja aplicado, novos e modernos medidores s?o requeridos, aqueles com capacidade de diferencia??o de hor?rio de consumo e que possam informar devidamente ao consumidor. Neste sentido este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de um medidor com plataforma open source, no caso o Arduino, associado ao circuito integrado para medi??o de energia el?trica ADE7753 da Analog Devices, transmitindo as informa??es atrav?s de rede IEEE802.11(Wi-Fi), e por meio de uma plataforma para IoT (Internet of Things), realizar uma avalia??o se a ado??o ? Tarifa Branca ? ben?fica financeiramente ao consumidor de forma simples e interativa.