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One of the age-related changes associated with normal aging is the inability to maintain normal blood pressure homeostasis, a common clinical condition known as orthostatic intolerance. There are little data on the effects of strength training in healthy adults and orthostatic intolerance, and only one study on strength training and elderly adults diagnosed with orthostatic intolerance. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on the cardiovascular respones of elderly individuals during an orthostatic challenge. Thirteen subjects were assigned to either a resistance (RES; n=7; 66±5 yrs.) or a control (CON; n=6; 71±6 yrs.) group. During the 12-week treatment period, the RES trained 2x/wk, while the CON was asked not to change their normal lifestyles. The resistance training consisted of 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions using 12 machines at approximately 22% to 57% of 1RM. Before and after the training and control period, subjects were tested using a 70 degree head-up tilt. Tilt consisted of 30 minutes of supine rest while heart rate(HR) was recorded every minute and blood pressure (BP) was taken every 5 minutes. After the rest period, subjects were tilted to 70 degrees for 30 minutes unless subjects experienced presyncopal symptoms. During the tilt period, HR and BP were recorded every minute. After the tilt, subjects were placed in a supine position for 15 minutes of recovery, HR was taken every minute, and BP was taken every 5 minutes. A 2X2X8(test X group X time) Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance was used to analyze data. Significance was accepted at p ≤ 0.05. After the 12 weeks of training, the RES significantly increased upper (46±24 to 55±29kg) and lower (62±20 to 80±31kg) body strength while the CON showed no changes. Body composition measurements by DEXA showed lean mass to increase significantly (50.5±12.9 to 52.7±13.1kg) for the RES group, while the CON showed no changes. Of the 13 subjects only 9 subjects completed the pre and post tilt tests. Of the 9 completing both tilt periods, there were no significant differences between groups for any of the dependent measures of HR, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a resistance training program was well tolerated and improved strength and lean mass in the RES. However, training did not help these individuals improve cardiovascular responses to an orthostatic challenge.

Research on physical activity and exercise in the elderly is limited. This study used the Participation Motivation Questionnaire for Older Adults (PMQOA) to assess reasons for engaging in regular physical activity of participants at the 2007 Huntsman World Senior Games. The 259 subjects ranged from ages 50 to 85 years and were divided into tertiles based on frequency of exercise, determined by self reported weekly exercise time and days for further comparison. The most commonly reported reasons for exercise were to stay healthy, keep physically fit, and stay in shape. A previously conducted factor analysis on the PMAOQ revealed six underlying factors given for engaging in regular exercise: social, fitness, recognition, challenge/benefits, medical and involvement. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences in reasons for exercise between exercise tertiles and three factors; social, fitness, and challenge/benefits. There were also significant differences in reasons given for exercise between gender for the medical and social factors. Bivariate correlations indicated associations between both fitness perceptions and BMI with some PMQOA factors. Additionally, significant correlations were found between the six PMQOA factors, the strongest being between challenge/benefits and recognition, involvement, and social.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka de skäl som motiverar äldre människor att motionera och att undersöka hur tillgången till idrottsanläggningar påverkar deras motivation till motion.Metod: Tio äldre människor (60-72 år) intervjuades med semistrukturerade intervjuer.Resultat: Resultaten av intervjuanalysen bidrog till att identifiera flera huvudteman som skäl till att motionera. Dessa teman är: Fysiskt välbefinnande, Psykiskt välbefinnande, Socialt tillhörighet, Synliga resultat och Ändrade livsförhållanden. Resultaten visade också att närheten till idrottsanläggningar är av stor betydelse för äldres motivation till motion.Slutsats: Sammanfattningsvis tycks äldre människors motivation till motion vara knuten till deras känslor inför dem själva, de positiva effekter motionen hade på deras hälsa och andra aspekter av deras liv. Studiens resultat bidrar med förslag till åtgärder som kan vara viktiga att tillämpas som motivationsfaktorer. Dessa förslag kan hjälpa att motivera äldre människor att motionera. / Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the reasons that motivate elderly people to exercise and to examine how the access to facilities relates to their motivation to exercise.Methods: Ten older people (60-72 years) were interviewed using a semi structured interview format. Results: The results of the interview analysis helped to identify several main themes relating to the initial reasons to exercise. These themes are: Physical and Psychological wellbeing, Social belonging, Results of exercise and Changed life conditions. The results showed also that the access to facilities is one important motivational factor for elderly peoples exercise. Conclusions: Overall, elderly people appeared to be motivated to exercise by their feelings about themselves, the positive impact the exercise had on their health and other aspects of their life. The findings provide information about proposals for actions that could be important to use as motivators. These proposals can help motivate elderly people to exercise.

Stockholm is growing very fast and many new housing investments are under construction outside of the city center. Suburbs are getting densifed and readjusted to modern needs as this is where many of us live today and be living in the future. At the same time our society is aging. Sweden today has 1,6 million inhabitants over 64 years old. This number is expected to raise up to 2,7 million in 2060, which means that approximately 1 in 4 people will be aged over 64*. Current urbanization rate of Sweden is oscillating around 85%, therefore the vast majority of Swedish elderly will be living in cities. We are also expected to live and work longer, changing our professions few times during our lifetime. We will have to be fast learners and flexible employees to keep up with technological development and changing job market. We will have to compete with robots and smart technologies in order to keep our positions. This equals being a “lifelong student”, even in the older age. Looking towards the future, where the demographic structure of the society will shift, it is already time to start planning our cities for an aging population, where regardless date of birth everyone can feel important and integral part of our society

People with dementia are hospitalized for a variety of reasons. The combination of dementia with additional health conditions creates a unique challenge to caregivers in acute care settings. There is a dearth of information available to provide guidance to the nursing staff caring for these patients. This integrated review of the literature examined the experiences of hospitalization from the perspective of the older adult with dementia, the family caregiver, and the patient care staff. Results showed a limited body of literature that addressed hospital experiences of people with dementia and those of family and professional caregivers. Additionally, few studies addressing this topic have been conducted in the United States. The primary finding from this study is that better communication is needed between nursing staff, patients, and their family caregivers. Nurses should carry out detailed assessments of cognition and pain in all elderly patients, and strive to provide appropriate palliative and end-of-life care. Dementia- specific training for all staff members may help to promote a better understanding of patients with dementia. Lastly, further research into the experiences of hospitalized dementia patients is needed, with a focus on acute care settings within the United States.

This study examined patient outcomes from accidents involving nontraditional motorized vehicles. A total of 558 patients aged >17 years were observed retrospectively. The study groups were divided by age. The Adult Trauma Group (ATG) (N=452) consisted of patients aged 18-64 years and the Elderly Trauma Group (ETG) (N=106) consisted of patients aged ≥65 years. All-terrain vehicle (ATV) accidents were the most common (N=437, 78%) among both study groups and also the primary cause of death, with 17 deaths (4%). The most common discharge disposition was home or self-care (routine discharge) with 427 patients (77%). The mortality rate of the total population was 4.1% (23 total deaths). There was a statistically significant difference in length of hospital stay (p=0.03) and length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay (p=0.03) between the two groups and patients ≥65 years were statistically more likely to be discharged to a care facility vs. home. Nontraditional motorized vehicles continue to grow in popularity in all ages and the effect of age on patient outcomes after injury is an important area to evaluate.

Kvicksund is located in north west Eskilstuna and is an area with very unique conditions. It's an area that is both divided by the lake Mälaren but also by two municipalities: Västerås in the north and Eskilstuna in the south. In this area you are surrounded by nature while still having access to communications such as trains. My proposal is to build a nursing home in Kvicksund, combined with both a preeschool and café to form a "Meeting point". The building is located near the center for the area with close proximity to the coast and the train station. By connecting the nursing home to a public building the public space is made available to those who have the most difficulty to reach it. Having elders not become isolated is very important and by activating the brain with different activities and new meetings the risk of dementia decrease. In the building there are three departments: one for people with dementia and two somatic departments. There's also a large dining room, living room, exercise room and multiple large courtyards located in and around the building. In the public area of the building there's an open preschool, a café and several common rooms. The building is organized in a way so that the nursing home has one side of the building and the preschool and the cafe have the other.  The two sides are connected by the common areas, this is to simplify different activities between the two sides. The preschool is the only one with a second story and the rest of the building is one story. It's design to be as accessible as possible and create a feeling of independence in the elderly as they can reach all premises without assistance. Personally, I have always gotten an anxious feeling at the thought of a home for the elderly and that is precisely my reason for designing one. This is not a place to skimp on and it is not a place for people to be hidden away in. This is a place which should be full of activities, joy and life! / Kvicksund ligger I nordvästra Eskilstuna och är ett område med väldigt unika förhållanden. Det är en plats som både delas av Mälaren men även mellan två kommuner: Västerås I norr och Eskilstuna I söder. Här finns både närhet till natur men även bra tillgänglighet I form av en egen tågstation.  Mitt förslag är att bygga ett äldreboende I Kvicksund med tillhörande ”mötescentrum”. Byggnaden är placerad centralt I området med närhet till kusten, det som idag är centrum och tågstationen. Genom att koppla äldreboendet till en offentlig byggnad tillgängliggör man det offentliga rummet för de som har det svårast att nå det. Att inte bli isolerad som äldre är väldigt viktigt och genom att aktivera hjärnan med olika aktiviteter och nya möten minskas risken för demenssjukdomar. I byggnaden placeras en demensavdelning och två somatiska avdelningar med stor matsal, vardagsrum, motionsrum och stora innergårdar. I den offentliga delen finns en öppen förskola, caféverksamhet samt ett flertal gemensamma rum. Byggnaden organiseras på det vis att äldreboendet har ena sida och förskolan och caféverksamheten har den andra. Mellan dem placeras de gemensamma ytorna för att förenkla olika gemensamma aktiviteter mellan verksamheterna. Endast förskolan har en övervåning och resten av byggnaden är I enplan. Allt för att göra den så tillgänglig som möjligt och skapa en känsla av självständighet hos de äldre då de kan nå alla lokaler utan assistans. Personligen har jag alltid fått en ängslig känsla vid tanken på äldreboenden och det är just därför jag valt att gestalta ett. Detta är inte en plats att snåla på och inte heller en plats som ska skuffas undan. Här ska det vara fullt av aktiviteter, glädje och liv!