The purpose of this thesis was to implement a serial communication port model for a digital signal processor. It is a behavioral model, developed using VHDL, that is instruction comparisable to the Motorola digital signal processor DSP 56002. It supports five different data transfer modes and provides a programmable baud rate generator. This report starts out by giving a description of the external port, port C, the pin control logic and general purpose functionality. Then a more detailed description of the three pin dedicated serial communication interface is presented, the different operating modes and the baud rate generator are described.

The goal of this work is to summarize the calculations for scaling and noise of twoportadaptor. Two different methods has been described and used for the final results.

The purpose with this examination is to build a measureequipment to AerotechTelub AB (AT), who will registrate fault in SRAM-memory in contact with cosmic radiation. The equipment will be created around developcard from Memec Design with FPGA from Xilinx. The logic in the FPGA will be implemented with the hardwaredescribed language VHDL. The SRAM-memory that will be tested is build in CMOS-teknologi. The memorycells will be loaded with a predecided bitpattern. Changes in the memorycells will be registrated together with the adress where the fault came up. The equipment will be used of AT at the measuring they use to do in special laboratories that can give cosmic radiation.

The last few decades the development in the field of electronics has been huge. The components performance gets better at the same time as the manufacturing cost decreases. Many of the design moments that have to be done, are done automatically today, but it can get better. Especially for analog circuit design. At Electronic System in Linköpings universitet, research is in progress to develop a tool that can design analog circuits in reasonable time. It means that it has to size the components (transistors, resistances, capacitances etc), so that the circuit can fulfill the performance requirements. An optimization method in conjunction with derived equations for the circuit performance is used to solve this task. The tool is created to design e.g. analog amplifiers. The goal is to decrease the design time and at the same time achieve better circuit performance. This tool has been tested on three different circuits, a power-amplifier, a Nested Miller Compensated amplifier with an active feedback (Active Nested Miller Compensation) and a Nested Miller Compensated amplifier without an active feedback (Nested Miller Compensation). In this report the results from the designing tests are presented.

An important part in the design of analog integrated circuits is to create reference voltages and currents with well defined values. To accomplish this on-chip, so called bandgap reference circuits are commonly used. A typical application for reference voltages is in analog-to-digital conversion, where the input voltage is compared to several reference levels in order to determine the corresponding digital value. The emphasis in this thesis work lies on theoretical understanding of the performance limitations as well as the design of a bandgap reference circuit, BGR. In this project, a comprehensive study of bandgap circuits is done in the first stage. Then investigations on parameter variations like Vdd, number of bipolars, W/L of PMOS, DC gain of Opamp, RL and CL are done for a PTAT current generator circuit. This PTAT current generator circuit is a part of the implemented BGR circuit based on [10], which is capable of producing an output reference voltage of 0.75 V when the supply voltage is 1 V. All of these circuits are implemented in a 0.35u CMOS technology.

<p>This report deals with the design of a controller for SmartMedia™ flash memory cards, based on a hardware description found in the SmartMedia™ Interface Library - SMIL. </p><p>The design was made on logic gate level, using standard cells in OrCAD Capture. After simulation of the design in PSpice A/D, it was exported as an EDIF netlist, which was used to make a chip layout in L-Edit, a layout tool for making integrated circuits. The layout was made using a method called Standard Place and Route - SPR, where the layout tool places standard cells from a library and connects them according to the EDIF netlist. </p><p>A netlist which could be simulated in PSpice was extracted from the finished chip layout to verify that the function of the design was the same as before the transition from schematic to layout. </p><p>The standard cells in the library used to make the chip layout have to meet certain criteria in order for both SPR and extraction to work and this is also discussed.</p>

<p>Minskad effektförbrukning har blivit mer och mer intressant i takt med att fler produkter blir mobila. I artikeln Parallel Implementation of Linear Feedback Shift Registers for Low Power Applications, beskriver Menahem Lowy en metod för att konstruera slumptalsgeneratorer. Dessa är tänkta att vara effektsnålare än en vanlig enkel slumptalsgenerator, med återkopplat skiftregister. I det här examensarbetet har sex slumptalsgeneratorer konstruerats i VHDL. Två är baserade på Lowy’s metod och två är parallella varianter av dessa. Dessutom har en seriell slumptalsgenerator med återkopplat skiftregister och en parallell variant konstruerats som jämförelse. Dessa slumptalsgeneratorer har simulerats med avseende på effektförbrukningen. Detvisar sig att den bästa slumptalsgeneratorn, räknat i effekt per bit, är den parallella varianten av slumptalsgeneratorn med återkopplat skiftregister.</p> / <p>Reduced power consumption have become more and more of interest as more products are becoming mobile. In the article Implementation of Linear Feedback Shift Registers for Low Power Applications, Menahem Lowy describes a method of designing randombit-generators. In this project, six random bit-generators have been designed in VHDL. Two of these are based on Lowy’s method, and two are parallel variants of these. In addition, a serial feedback shift register and a parallel variant of it, have been designed for comparison. These randombit- generators have then been simulated with respect to the power consumption. It turnes out that the best randombit-generator, considering the effect per bit, is the parallel variant of the feedback shift register.</p>

<p>Detta examensarbete syftar till att skapa en modulgenerator som automatiskt genererar matchade motstånd. Med hjälp av sådana motstånd kan prestandan i integrerade kretsar förbättras. </p><p>Modulgeneratorn som konstruerats klarar av att generera två eller flera matchade motstånd. Programmet skapar med hjälp av indata från konstruktören en färdig layout som kan användas somett byggblock i integrerade kretsar. </p><p>Examensarbetet har slutförts och programmet har använts för att generera matchade motstånd till två större layouter vid institutionen för Elektroniksystem.</p> / <p>The aim of this thesis is to create a program that automatically generates matched resistors. By using such resistors the performance of integrated circuits can be improved. </p><p>The program can generate two or more matched resistors. With a set of input parameters the user is able to generate a customized matched resistor. </p><p>The project has been completed and the program has been used to generate matched resistors for two bigger layouts at the department of Electrical Engineering.</p>

För att kunna styra en motor krävs bland annat ett tändsystem. Detta tändsystem måste klara av att ge rätt energimängd vid rätt tidpunkt. Mekaniska och tidiga elektroniska tändsystem som konstruerats är inte tillräckligt effektiva. För att få möjlighet till enkel men bättre optimering av effektivitet konstruerades ett kapacitivt tändsystem. Detta system använder en mikrokontroller som beräknar tändfördröjningen. Systemet reglerar tändfördröjningen utifrån en nollpunkt och ett varvtal som detekteras med hjälp av en sensor vid motorns svänghjul. Grundidén är att dela upp systemet i tre delar: laddkrets, tändkrets och styrkort. I ett första steg designades, simulerades och konstruerades varje del för sig. Nästa steg var att sammanfoga dessa tre delar till ett fungerande tändsystem. Resultatet blev ett väl fungerande kapacitivt tändsystem. / An ignition system is needed to control an engine. This ignition system has to be able to provide the right energy at the right time. Due to the lack of efficiency in older mechanical and early electronic systems, we planned to design and construct a capacitive discharge ignition system. This system includes a microcontroller that will calculate the spark timing. The system controls the spark timing depending on the engine speed. The engine speed is measured using a sensor mounted near the engine flywheel. The basic idea is to split the system into three subsystems, the charge subsystem, the ignition subsystem and the controller. The first step was to design, simulate and construct each subsystem. The next step was to merge these subsystems into a working unit. The result was a fully functional capacitive ignition system.

Examensarbetet utfördes för Easygamer i Skoghall vilket är ett företag som bl.a. sysslar med modifiering av de flesta av dagens spelkonsoler samt försäljning av olika datorprodukter. Företaget ville att vi skulle göra om en Xbox till en ”studentdator” som de kallade det. Detta för att man ska kunna få en ganska kraftfull dator för inte så mycket pengar. Med en sådan dator skulle man sedan kunna använda ordbehandlingsprogram, lyssna på musik, surfa på Internet m.m. men självklart också kunna använda Xboxen som en vanlig spelkonsol, om så önskas. / The Degree Project was performed at Easygamer in Skoghall which is a company that among other things modifies most of today’s gaming consoles and sells computer products. They wanted us to transform an Xbox to a “student computer”. You will be able to get a quite powerful computer for not that much money. With this kind of computer you will be able to use “office applications”, listen to music, use the internet etc. But of course, also use the Xbox as a gaming console, if you want to.