O aumento da complexidade dos sistemas embarcados e a necessidade de um desenvolvimento cada vez mais acelerado têm motivado o uso de modelos abstratos que possibilitem maior flexibilidade e reusabilidade. Para isso, faz-se necessária a aceitação das linguagens e perfis mais abstratos, como o MARTE. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta para conversão de sistemas embarcados independente de plataforma (PIM) em sistemas de uma plataforma específica (PSM), denominada I2S (Independente to Specific). O I2S é totalmente acoplável a novos desenvolvimentos e necessidades do projetista, capaz de modelar representações gráficas de sistemas embarcados, usando componentes do MARTE e permitindo uma implementação final em tecnologia reconfigurável. A partir de um modelo independente de plataforma faz-se a conversão para o padrão de projeto SOPC-Builder da Altera e XPS da Xilinx, possibilitando a exploração do espaço de projeto nessas duas tecnologias de modo automático. O trabalho faz análise de sistemas convertidos em diversas configurações e traz resultados relevantes para a área que validam o uso da proposta, atendendo aos requisitos de projeto / The growing of embedded systems complexity and the want for a quicker development has motivated the use of abstract models that improves flexibility and reusability. To these objective, we searched for the most adequate languages and profiles, like MARTE. In this work we developed a tool for conversion from platform independent models (PIM) to platfom specific models (PSM), named I2S (Independent to Specific). The I2S is totally acceptable to new developments and necessities of the designer, to open up modelling graphic representations of embedded systems using MARTE components and doing implementation in reconfigurable technology. A platform independent model is converted to the pattern of Alteras SOPC-Builder and Xilinxs XPS, making possible the exploitation of the project space in theses two tecnologies automatically. The work does analysis of systems converted in different configurations and shows relevant results to the area that validate the use of the proposal, meeting the project requirements

O contínuo avanço da capacidade dos circuitos integrados e a necessidade de sistemas embarcados cada vez mais complexos para lidar com os problemas atuais, com prazos cada vez mais curtos, estão direcionando o desenvolvimento de sistemas de circuitos integrados para ambientes de alto nível de abstração cada vez mais distantes dos detalhes de hardware. O uso de linguagens de alto nível para auxiliar o desenvolvimento de sistemas embarcados é uma tendência atual pois tal abordagem tende a reduzir a complexidade e o tempo de desenvolvimento. Este trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de uma nova ferramenta para geração de arquiteturas de hardware em Bluespec em um ambiente gráfico utilizando diagramas da UML. Esta ferramenta permite que o projetista descreva o comportamento utilizando máquina de estados finita no padrão UML 2.0, onde cada estado pode conter a codificação do comportamento com as linguagens Bluespec e C. Dada uma máquina de estados, a mesma é traduzida para a linguagem Bluespec por meio de um compilador e templates. Como resultado, é apresentado a geração de duas arquiteturas de hardware a fim de demonstrar as vantagens e limitações da ferramenta desenvolvida / The continuous advancement of integrated circuits capacity and the need for embedded systems even more complex to deal with current problems, with shorter time-to-market, are driving the development of integrated circuits systems to environments with high level abstraction more and more distant from the hardware details. The use of high level languages to assist the embedded systems development is a current trend for such an approach tends to reduce the complexity and development time. This work proposes the development of a new tool in Bluespec to generate hardware architectures in a graphical environment using UML diagrams. This tool allows the designer to describe the behavior using finite state machine in UML 2.0 standard, where each state can contain the coding behavior with Bluespec and C languages. Given a state machine, it is translated to Bluespec language through a compiler and templates. As a result is presented the generation of two hardware architectures in order to demonstrate the advantages and limitations of the developed tool

Increasing costs associated with fossil fuel generation and a recognition and acceptance of the finite nature of this resource, have partially contributed to the growing popularity of alternative energy generation technology. International environmental treaties have also forced many states, primarily developing states, to deliberately review their fuels use. Jamaica having such a challenge requires accurate information regarding the impact of integrating generation from such technologies into its existing network. However, given a lack of resources, little work has been done to gather the relevant data that is required to evaluate the impact of embedded generation. Instead the findings from networks in other jurisdictions that have different operational and technical characteristics have been utilized. Anecdotal information regarding the availability of satisfactory renewable resources and the minimal impact that certain levels of integration will have on the existing network abounds among the engineering community on Jamaica. This research reviews the electricity and energy sectors of Jamaica. It further considers the efforts made by policy makers to fulfil the energy needs through a possible mix of fossil and renewable sources. Focus is then shifted to the analysis of available wind resource data which is then modelled to represent usable wind data for electricity generation. Actual system data is then used to produce an acceptable model of the current transmission network. The operation of the network is then considered on varying generation and loading conditions both with and without the inclusion of renewable sources. A final assessment of the impact of such sources is then made based on the magnitude and location in the network. The study concludes by highlighting the benefits to be derived from this work and reviews the challenges faced while conducting the study. It also recommends ways in which improvements to the system can be realized.

Demand of CO2 gas sensors is expected to continue to increase in the foreseeable future, due to an increasing awareness of air pollution and fossil fuel emissions. A truly low cost and accurate NDIR sensor has the potential of greatly benefiting the environment by an increased human awareness due to CO2 measurements. In the objective to reach these goals, a CO2 sensor core on an ASIC needs to be investigated. In this study an ASIC prototype design is tested on an FPGA and evaluated towards logic resource requirements, power analysis and estimated cost impacts towards a full ASIC. The results show that a potential ASIC implementation would have a very small cost impact on a full system design if the use of a preexisting ASIC design is utilized. Using a manufacturing process of 180 nm, the total logic implementation would require between 0.54-0.76 mm2. The cost impact of such a logic area would be around $0.025 USD per chip. The power consumption of the logical part would also be very small when compared to the various analog components of a full system design.

Leung Cheung-chi. / "July 2004." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Le diabète de type 1 est une maladie immune caractérisée par la destruction des cellules béta du pancréas responsable de la production de l’insuline, l’hormone qui joue un rôle primordial dans la régulation du glucose sanguin. Les patients diabétiques de type 1 font face tous les jours à un problème d’optimisation puisqu’ils doivent s’injecter des doses optimales d’insuline durant toute la journée. Une des perturbations majeure du contrôle de glucose est l’activité physique. Malgré les bénéfices, l’exercice est généralement associé à un risque accru de faibles niveaux de glucose. La crainte de l’hypoglycémie résulte soit en l’évitement total de l’exercice physique ou en une surdose lors de compensation au niveau du traitement à l’insuline ce qui mène à un pire contrôle métabolique.Cette dissertation a pour objectif de permettre aux patients diabétiques de type 1 de s’engager dans une activité physique en informant en temps réel sur le risque associé à l’exercice et en recommandant des ajustements des doses d’insulines et de glucides.Des modèles statistiques linéaires ont été la base dans la conception et implémentation d’un système d’aide à la décision permettant aux diabétiques de type 1 de minimiser les risques associés à l’activité physique. Ce système contient des stratégies optimales pour réduire les épisodes hypoglycémiques suivant l’exercice. Le système a été évalué et validé à l’aide du simulateur de diabète de type 1 créé par Université de Virginie/Université de Padoue et sera déployé dans des essais cliniques dans le futur proche. / Type1 diabetes (T1D) is an immune disease characterized by the destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas responsible for the production of insulin, a hormone that plays a primary role in blood glucose regulation. People with T1D are faced with daily challenges of optimization since they require multiple daily infusions of optimal insulin doses. One of the major disturbances of glycemic control is physical activity. Despite its benefits, exercise is usually associated with higher risks of low glucose levels. The fear of hypoglycemia results in either avoidance of engaging in a physical activity or over- compensatory treatment behaviors that lead to a worse metabolic control.This dissertation project focuses on enabling physical activity for T1DM patients by generating real time feedback of the current risks associated with exercise and advising on insulin dose adjustments and carbohydrate intakes.Using linear statistics techniques, we identified the major factors predictive of the post exercise glycemic response in a relatively large dataset of T1D patients. Based on this analysis, we developed a classification method able to warn T1D patients in advance of a high risk for hypoglycemia associated with physical activity, potentially allowing patients to delay exercise or take preventive actions.The linear statistical models were the foundation in the design and implementation of a decision support system (DSS) for people with T1D to safely engage in a physicalactivity. The DSS has built-in optimized strategies to mitigate the risk of exercise- induced low glucose levels. The system has been validated in the University of Virginia/University of Padova FDA approved T1D simulator and will be deployed in clinical trials in the near future.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-19T14:14:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Mayla Monique dos Santos Leite.pdf: 1379785 bytes, checksum: d628ee67d12f9824b8252f5144e63238 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-19T14:14:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Mayla Monique dos Santos Leite.pdf: 1379785 bytes, checksum: d628ee67d12f9824b8252f5144e63238 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The difficulty in supplying the animal protein demand of great biological value for the human population is a major concern of our century. Reports of Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) show the rapid world population growth as a major contributing factor to the increased need in the production and diversification of protein foods worldwide. FAO estimates report that in 2050 the number of people will reach about 9.6 billion people and will need to ensure food security with sustainable development. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop a prebiotic built by the addition of inulin in the form of cooked type sausage, the base of mussels (Perna, Linnaeus 1758), processed with microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) for diversification of products based fish and evaluate the influence of this enzyme in the texture of the final product and its behavior for mussels meat since the majority of studies are in beef and pork. The sausages were developed from the ground meat of mussels (CTM), where both the raw material as the products presented physicochemical and microbiological characteristics satisfactory and showed good nutritional value, highlighting the protein content and low lipid content of the product. To evaluate the best answers in the preparation of sausages was used Delineation Composite Central Rotational with the independent variables: percentage of water (5-30%), concentration of Inulin (0-3%) and concentration of MTGase (0-2%) and dependent: moisture content, water holding capacity (WHC) and percentage of income and shrinking of sausages in cooking and instrumental texture. Any water, as inulin and MTGase influenced significantly (p <0.05) in the range of concentrations studied, in variable responses% humidity and WHC, however, for the variables yields and% shrinkage during cooking and instrumental texture in the study group, there was no significant influence (p> 0.05). The proposed design has shown that the best results were obtained for the lower water concentrations and MTGase and inulin in the formulation. So they were prepared sausages mussels with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% MTGase and water percentage (5%) and Inulin (3% - specification of legislation for the product to be considered prebiotic) set for prediction of the mathematical model. It was concluded that the model fits to obtain moisture content of the response and WHC very similar to those obtained in practice, which can provide the best moisture content for different concentrations of transglutaminase for sausages formulations based pre mussels cooked. / A dificuldade em suprir a demanda de prote?na de origem animal de excelente valor biol?gico para a popula??o humana ? uma das maiores preocupa??es do nosso s?culo. Relat?rios da Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) apontam o r?pido crescimento demogr?fico mundial como um dos principais fatores contribuintes para o aumento da necessidade na produ??o e diversifica??o de alimentos proteicos em todo mundo. Estimativas da FAO descrevem que em 2050 o contingente de pessoas atingir? cerca de 9,6 bilh?es de indiv?duos e ser? necess?rio garantir a seguran?a alimentar juntamente com desenvolvimento sustent?vel. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi desenvolver um embutido prebi?tico pela adi??o de inulina, na forma de lingui?a tipo cozida, a base de mexilh?es (Perna perna, Linnaeus 1758), processado com transglutaminase microbiana (MTGase) para diversifica??o de produtos a base de pescado e avaliar a influ?ncia desta enzima na textura do produto final e o seu comportamento para a carne de mexilh?es, visto que a maioria dos estudos realizados s?o com carne bovina ou su?na. As lingui?as foram desenvolvidas a partir da carne triturada de mexilh?es (CTM), onde tanto a mat?ria prima quanto a lingui?a apresentaram caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e microbiol?gicas satisfat?rias e apresentaram bom valor nutricional, destacando o teor proteico e baixo teor de lip?deo do produto. Para avaliar as melhores respostas na elabora??o das lingui?as foi utilizado Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional, com as vari?veis independentes: percentual de ?gua (5 a 30%), concentra??o de Inulina (0 a 3%) e concentra??o de MTGase (0 a 2%) e as vari?veis dependentes: teor de umidade, capacidade de reten??o de ?gua (CRA) e percentuais de rendimento e encolhimento das lingui?as na coc??o e textura instrumental. Tanto a ?gua, quanto a inulina e a MTGase, influenciaram de forma significativa (p<0,05), na faixa de concentra??es estudada, nas vari?veis respostas % Umidade e CRA, no entanto, para as vari?veis respostas % rendimento e encolhimento na coc??o e textura instrumental, na faixa estudada, n?o houve influ?ncia significativa (p>0,05). O delineamento proposto evidenciou que os melhores resultados foram obtidos para as menores concentra??es de ?gua e MTGase e Inulina na formula??o. Assim, foram elaboradas lingui?as de mexilh?es com 0,5%, 1,0% e 1,5% de MTGase e os percentuais de ?gua (5%) e de Inulina (3% - especifica??o da legisla??o para o produto ser considerado prebi?tico) fixados para predi??o do modelo matem?tico. Concluiu-se que o modelo se ajusta para a obten??o de respostas do teor de umidade e CRA muito similares ?s obtidas na pr?tica, onde pode se prever o melhor teor de umidade para diferentes concentra??es da enzima transglutaminase para formula??es de lingui?as a base de mexilh?es pr?-cozidos

Atualmente, a adição de uma nova função implementada em hardware em um processador não deve impor nenhuma mudança no conjunto de instruções (ISA – Instruction Set Architecture) suportado para atingir melhorias em seu desempenho. O objetivo é manter a compatibilidade retroativa e futura de programas já compilados. Todavia, este fato se torna, muitas vezes, um fator impeditivo para o aprimoramento ou desenvolvimento de uma nova arquitetura. Desta maneira, a utilização de mecanismos de Tradução Binária abre novas oportunidades aos projetistas, já que estes mecanismos permitem a execução de programas já compilados em arquiteturas que suportam conjuntos de instruções diferentes do previsto inicialmente. Assim, para eliminar o custo adicional apresentado por estes sistemas de tradução, será proposto um novo mecanismo de tradução binária dinâmico de dois níveis. Enquanto o primeiro nível é responsável pela tradução de facto das instruções do conjunto nativo para instruções de uma linguagem de máquina intermediária, o segundo nível otimiza estas instruções já traduzidas para serem executadas na arquitetura alvo. O sistema é totalmente flexível, pois pode suportar a tradução de conjuntos de instruções completamente diferentes; assim como a utilização de arquiteturas de hardware com as mais diversas características. Este trabalho apresenta o primeiro esforço nesta direção: um estudo de caso onde ocorre a tradução de código x86 para MIPS (linguagem intermediária), que será otimizado para ser executado em uma arquitetura que realiza reconfiguração dinâmica. Resta demonstrado que é possível manter a compatibilidade binária, com melhoria no desempenho em torno de 45% em média e consumo de energia semelhante ao da execução nativa. / In these days, every new added hardware feature must not change the underlying instruction set architecture (ISA), in order to avoid adaptation or recompilation of existing code. Therefore, Binary Translation (BT) opens new possibilities for designers, previously tied to a specific ISA and all its legacy hardware issues, since it allows the execution of already compiled applications on different architectures. To overcome the BT inherent performance penalty, we propose a new mechanism based on a dynamic two-level binary translation system. While the first level is responsible for the BT de facto to an intermediate machine language, the second level optimizes the already translated instructions to be executed on the target architecture. The system is totally flexible, supporting the porting of radically different ISAs and the employment of different target architectures. This work presents the first effort towards this direction: it translates code implemented in the x86 ISA to MIPS assembly (the intermediate language), which will be optimized by the target architecture: a dynamically reconfigurable architecture. In this work is showed that is possible to maintain binary compatibility with performance improvements on average 45% and similar energy consumption when compared to native execution.

A new high-level language is sought after for implementing and mocking functional-ity on the Axis Communications platform. We analyze what impact the Node.js run-time environment has regarding performance and its ability to perform functionality.The performance refers to metrics on CPU, memory, free disk space and responsetimes and what effect an added Node.js runtime has on the platform. The functional-ity is based on Axis’ ideas about having Node.js run high-level services. A test planvalidates the functionality of a JavaScript service implemented as an API with JSONobjects as a POST and GET methods. To test the performance a test suite that sam-ples the data on a device and saves it like log files on a client. The variable is threedifferent stages, where the current device serves as the baseline. Secondly, to findout what impact Node.js itself has the second stage is with Node.js present and thethird stage represents a device where Node.js and the JavaScript service is put underload. The results show that it is possible to implement a JavaScript service runningunder Node.js since the test plan with its assertions passed on all tests. Regardingperformance and response time we did see a decrease in CPU idle time and memoryand an increase in the response time compared to the baseline.

Les travaux entrepris dans cette thèse s'inscrivent dans le cadre du projet BodyScoring. Ce dernier propose une solution innovante basée sur l'utilisation d'une technologie embarquée (BodyTrack) et des applications web (BodyLink) pour évaluer les habiletés motrices et pour développer la motivation pour l’accomplissement d’une pratique physique régulière. Dans le cadre de ce projet, notre apport a consisté à évaluer et à noter la qualité de la marche des personnes âgées par le biais de capteurs inertiels qui incluent accéléromètre, gyromètre et magnétomètre. Notre apport original a consisté à caractériser le pattern de marche au travers de différentes configurations de capteurs placés sur le corps et de proposer un score global validé et facilement interprétable. Le score permettra de se positionner par rapport à une population de référence jeune et asymptomatique et in fine autoévaluer l’évolution de sa marche. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif plusieurs étapes sont nécessaires. Ainsi, le premier chapitre de ce mémoire décrit en se référant à la littérature les paramètres déterminants de la marche, les facteurs pouvant les influencer et les moyens utilisés pour les quantifier. Le second chapitre porte principalement sur la définition de la meilleure configuration de capteurs pour la détection des événements clés de la marche qui sont la survenue du contact initial et final et la quantification des paramètres temporels. Il en ressort que le gyromètre fixé au bord distal du tibia est la configuration la plus précise aussi bien pour la détection des événements de la marche que pour la quantification des paramètres temporels chez des sujets sains. Le troisième chapitre expose un nouveau protocole expérimental afin de définir les paramètres pertinents pour caractériser la marche et définir l'incidence de la pratique de la marche nordique sur les paramètres biomécaniques. Autrement dit, définir les paramètres biomécaniques qui rendent compte de l'altération du pattern de marche au cours de la sénescence ou encore apprécier l'effet d'une activité physique régulière. Cette étude a révélé 72 paramètres au pouvoir discriminant et rejoint les études qui rapportent un effet bénéfique de lamarche nordique. Pour finir, le quatrième chapitre décrit l'élaboration de nouveaux scores d'évaluation de la marche basé sur les paramètres mis en évidence au chapitre 3 complémentés par ceux qualifiant la symétrie des membres inférieurs et supérieurs. Ces derniers décrivent la qualité de la marche dans son ensemble (score global) et la qualité de chaque aspect (score partiel). Quantifiés pour trois groupes de sujets (âgés sédentaire, âgés sportif et jeune) ces scores ont permis de mettre en évidence l'altération du pattern de marche au cours de la sénescence et l'effet de la pratique d'une activité physique sur les paramètres associés à la marche. / The purpose of this thesis is to asses and scores the gait quality of elderly persons through inertial sensors. The originality of this contribution is to characterize the pattern of walking through different sensor configurations and propose an overall score, valid and easily interpretable. This latter, allows subjects to self-assess to position themselves compared to a young and asymptomatic reference population and ultimately track their evolution.The first chapter, following a review of the literature, identifies the determinant gait parameters, its influent factors and the means used to quantify them.The second chapter, focuses on the definition of the best configuration of sensors to detect gait events and quantify temporal parameters.The third chapter, lists the biomechanical parameters that reflect the changing pattern of walking during senescence or consecutive to a regular physical activity.In the fourth chapter, a new method to compute the score based on the parameters identified in Chapter 3 was developed.