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by Lee King-shun [and] Wong Yiu-hing. / Abstract also in Chinese. / Thesis (MBA)-- Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: l. 105-107.

Thesis (MTech (Public Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007 / Since 1994 government has attempted through various sets of legislation and regulations to create a policy environment, which is conducive and supportive of effective recruitment and selection and service delivery. The Public Service has currently embarked on restructuring in an attempt to improve its service delivery. An effective and efficient recruitment and selection system should facilitate achievement of that goal. The general research aim is to evaluate and measure the effectiveness of recruitment and selection and its impact on service delivery amongst staff within the Department of Economic Development and Tourism in the Provincial Government of the Western Cape. Research has shown that motivated and satisfied employees are more productive and that there is an improvement on service delivery. Factors, which influence employee motivation, are inter alia as efficient recruitment and selection methods, achievement, advancement, being treated with respect and personal growth and development. The sample group (N=121) consists of male and female employees, contract employees, permanent employees and interns within the Department of Economic Development and Tourism in the Provincial Government of the Western Cape.

The focus of this paper is to emphasize the importance for every employer to avoid unfair discrimination during the recruitment process and to value diversity in the workplace. This is not only a legal requirement, but also gives an employer the best chance of getting the right person for the job. It is crucial to understand that job applicants are mostly people that employer’s do not actually employ, but might be able to make an unfair discrimination claim against the employer if the claimant believes he/she was not selected for a job because the employer discriminated against them unlawfully in the recruitment process. When writing the job description and a person specification, the employer should state clearly what tasks the person will have to execute and what skills will be needed for the job. Job descriptions should accurately describe the genuine essential duties and inherent requirements of the job. Personnel specifications should accurately describe the relevant, non-discriminatory and objectively justifiable requirements to be met by the post-holder. Specifications should not have any requirements that are not directly related to the job and it is important for employers to provide evidence that each recruitment and screening practice is job-related and consistent with business necessity. Employers are advised to devise and implement recruitment procedures and guidelines for all staff and applicants involved in the process of recruitment and to ensure that these incorporate the principles of the organisation’s equal opportunity principles. Employers should administer recruitment and other selection procedures without regard to race, colour, national origin, sex, religion, age and disability. Even though South Africa is now governed by a new democratic order, historical workplace inequalities still need to be addressed. Not only compelled to redress inequalities by the Constitution, the South African government was motivated by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) to enact laws that would prohibit discrimination and promote the economic advancement of the majority. Recruitment tests or selection procedures must be job-related and its results appropriate for the employer’s purpose. If a recruitment procedure screens out a protected group, the employer should determine whether there is an equally effective alternative selection procedure that has less adverse impact and, if so, adopt the alternative procedure. The justification of discrimination in recruitment practices and affirmative action is only meaningful if it is targeted towards particular aims. One of the more important defences against unfair discrimination in the workplace is the general fairness defence. The general fairness defence is considered to be an applicable defence based on fairness in situations where the two statutory exceptions do not apply. This means than when one looks at the concept of unfair discrimination it implies that discrimination may be justified in certain circumstances Legislation prohibits discrimination on various grounds especially throughout the process of recruitment and selection. There are limited exceptions to the general principle that it is unlawful to use gender, race, religion or sexual orientation as a criterion in the recruitment process. These exceptions are known as genuine occupational qualifications and the specifications for jobs should be carefully examined to ensure that there are no factors contained that are indirectly discriminatory. Focus must be placed on avoiding indirect discrimination in job factors. In the early stages of the recruitment process, an employee specification should be written that describes the type of person the employer seeks to be appointed in terms of qualifications, experience, skills and personal attributes. The imposition of inappropriate or unsuccessfully high standards or criteria may indirectly discriminate against people from a particular minority or racial group or religion. Employees must have the necessary skills to demand employment equity status especially where a designated employer does not have sufficient affirmative action employees and is obliged to rectify the situation. However, this does not mean that affirmative action applicants must be chosen above non-affirmative action employees. The principle of reversed discrimination stands firm if the motivation for appointing a particular person is based on a genuine desire to promote diversity, to apply affirmative action and to increase the numbers of people from a disadvantaged group in employment, or to create a more balanced workforce.

This research was conducted to determine the influence of recruiters' perceptions on students' demonstration of emotional and social competencies during the interview process and if employers' perceptions factor into decisions regarding advancement to second round interviews. This is a pilot study and the research investigated the importance of social and emotional competencies. This study is strengthened by the use of "real" interviews and immediate collection of employer perceptions. This is a case study using mixed methodology, specifically triangulation, to examine employers' perceptions of students' emotional/social competencies demonstrated during face to face interviews. These competencies included: ability to demonstrate meeting or exceeding goals, articulate strengths and weaknesses, demonstrate composure, demonstrate active listening skills, and build rapport. In a correlation analysis there was a significant correlation in two competencies that factored into students being invited to a second round interview. These competencies were the ability to articulate strengths and weaknesses and ability to demonstrate active listening skills. Additionally, while recruiters in this study indicated they either were aware of differences in culture or did not take cultural differences into consideration when making decisions for second round interviews, the results seem to show that culture was a factor.

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Previous research has found that the structural makeup of the face influences the manner by which individuals perceive others and attribute characteristics to them. In addition, support has been provided for the hypothesis that nonverbal cues significantly influence an interviewer's perception of a job candidate and the pending hiring decision. Taken together, this study hypothesized that the nonverbal cues emitted from the structural makeup of the face would impact the decision to hire and the perceptions of the job applicant's personality. It was also expected that variations in facial structure would influence an employer's decision in hiring the applicant for a high visibility position versus a low visibility position. The analysis failed to provide support for the hypothesis. Specifically, manipulated changes in eye shape, lip shape and job type failed to significantly effect hiring decisions. The personality ratings, as measured by the four 7-point behaviorally anchored ratings scales, additionally failed to significantly correlate with eye shape and lip shape. The personality ratings, however, were significantly correlated with the decision to hire. Regression analyses performed for each of the job type groups indicated that interviewers have preconceived notions as to the personality of the applicant.

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The order of interview questions during the interview may influence candidate ratings, giving an unfair advantage to some candidates. This study was done to test the effect of the interviewer's need for cogniton, the desire to use cognitive energy, on primacy and recency effects during the employment interview. A transcript of competency-based behavior description interivew questions was given to nearly 300 participants. Evidence was found for recency effects only, and no significant differences were found that could be attributed to the interviewer's need for cognition.

Thesis (M.App.Psy.)--University of Waikato, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-51) Also available via the World Wide Web.