Abstract   Study: Degree project in teacher education, Advanced level, 15hp University of Skövde Title: A study on students' self-esteem Students' statements on the encouragement and support in a sixth grade Number of pages: 26 pages Author: Marie Agapuu & Ingrid Svensson Tutor: Anna-Stina Ahlrik Date: January 2009   Keywords: Self-esteem, encouragement, support     A good self-esteem of students will often coincide with good academic performance, but it has also shown that students do not have low self-esteem due to low academic performance. Students' self-esteem is both a complex topic and concepts. We want this study to draw attention and to discuss teachers' efforts to enhance students' self-esteem in school. Encouragement and support of the school adopted in the study contribute to strengthening students' self-esteem. The study examines whether and how nine pupils in a sixth class is that they get encouragement and support of / from their teachers in school subjects and in learning situations. Of the results revealed that some students feel that the teacher encourages them through praise, it may be both written and oral. It further appeared that some students feel the support of teachers by allowing them to practice more on what they think is difficult and some students expressed that they do not receive any encouragement or no aid from their teachers. The results show that students have different difficult to perceive what is aid and what is encouragement from the teacher. The results illustrate the discussion we pupils statements in relation to the concept of self-esteem and our thoughts.

Syfte: att undersöka om resultatet vid 6-minuters gångtest (6MWT) påverkades av ökad grad av uppmuntran. Metod: 30 friska personer ≥60 år rekryterades via bekvämlighetsurval. Alla testpersoner genomförde tre 6MWT. Första testet var en försöksomgång. Ett test (test A) utfördes med standardiserad uppmuntran enligt American Thoracic Society(ATS). Ett test (test B) utfördes med ökad grad av uppmuntran. Variabler som undersöktes var gångsträcka, arbetspuls och upplevd ansträngningsgrad enligt Ratings of Percieved Exertion, Borgs-RPE-skala (6-20). Resultat: Av de 30 testpersonerna gick 19 personer (63 %) längre när ökad grad av uppmuntran gavs.  Medelvärdet för gångsträcka vid test A var 580 ±56 meter och vid test B 592 ±64 meter (p=0,01). Medelvärdet för puls vid test A var 116 ±15 slag/minut och vid test B 119 ±17 slag/minut (p=0,103).  Medianvärdet för upplevd ansträngning enligt Borgs-RPE-skala vid test A och test B var 13. Högsta/lägsta skattning var 18/8 vid både test A och test B med interkvartilavstånd 2,0 för test A och 3,3 för test B (p=0,12). Slutsats: Resultaten tyder på att ökad grad av uppmuntran vid 6MWT ger en längre gångsträcka. En hög grad av uppmuntran skulle bättre kunna visa testpersonens verkliga prestationsförmåga vid 6MWT. Fler och större studier krävs för att kunna fastställa vilken effekt ökad grad av uppmuntran har på friska och individer med olika typer av sjukdomar. / Aim: to examine whether or not the results from 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was effected by increased level of encouragement. Methods: 30 participants ≥60 years old was recruited by convenience sample. All participants performed three 6MWT. One test (test A) was a trial run and one was performed with standardized encouragement according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS). One test (test B) was performed with increased level of encouragement. Examined variables were walking distance, heart-rate and Ratings of Perceived Exertion according to Borg’s-RPE-scale (6-20). Results: Out of the 30 participants 19 of them (63 %) walked longer when given increased level of encouragement. The mean value for the walk distance in test A was 580 ±56 meters and in test B 592 ±64 meters (p= 0.01). The mean value for heart rate in test A was 116 ±15 beats/minute and in test B 119 ±17 beats/minute (p= 0.103). The median for ratings according to the Borg’s-RPE-scale in test A and test B was 13. Highest/lowest rating were 18/8 in both test A and test B with an interquartile range of2.0 in test A and3.3 in test B  (p= 0.12). Conclusions: The results suggest that an increased level of encouragement leads to a longer walking distance in 6MWT. A high level of encouragement might give a more true picture of the test persons capability in the 6MWT. Further and larger studies are needed to determine the effect increased level of encouragement might have on healthy subjects and on subjects with different diseases.

The foundation of correction schools provides an agency site for re-socialization and treatment for the adjudicated juvenile offenders. How to effectively deal with the deviant behaviors of those delinquents by a correction school system involving classroom teachers, counselors, and resident administrators in addition to school guards, general administrators and other technical assistants, is a major concern of both national correction officers and the academic society in correction and deviant behaviors in our state and oversea. The mind, the value, the attitude, the behavior, and the reflected personality of a person as a whole are formed in the process of his interactions with others. Thus, under a certain situation, it is necessary to analyze and diagnose the reasons and the mechanism of the needed behavior for correction from a perspective of symbolic social interaction. This study attempted to understand the deconstruction and the reconstruction of the practical mental schemata experienced by correction officers and the delinquent students in their specific mutual human relationships, and to derive from the processes the observed behaviors in introspection, improvement, self- efficacy, and self- esteem of the students. Behavioral introspection, behavioral improvement, self-efficacy, and self- esteem were not found as expected to differentiate significantly with respect to an increase of unit in students¡¦ age, years in school, terms at school, charged delinquent conducts, adjudicated reasons, and adjudicated term; but to some extent display respectively various independent parabolas in ascending or descending at its own right. Our study discovered that behavioral introspection, behavioral improvement, self-efficacy, and self-esteem of the adjudicated students are affected by their correction officers¡¦ shown interests, encouragement, equity, and trust through their identification with the latter.

Syftet med studien var att ta reda på hur man kan främja lek för barn med autistiska symptom som bor på korttidsboenden. En kvalitativ intervjuundersökning gjordes med sex deltagare och analyserades sedan genom en tolkande fenomenologisk analys (IPA). Fyra huvudteman med tillhörande två underteman var valdes ut. Dessa var 1) Personal (personal och tid samt attityd och inställning), 2) Miljöns betydelse (fysiska samt psykiska miljön), 3) Verksamhetens struktur (genomförandeplaner samt kunskap) samt 4) Strategier för lek (lekens anpassning till barnet samt hjälp att styra upp leken). Uppdelning av ansvarsområden hos personalen, utbildning om lek för barn med autistiska symptom samt införande av lek som ett delmål i både verksamhetsplan samt barns individuella genomförandeplaner är föreslagna faktorer för främjandet av lek.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how some teachers work with above-average pupils in mathematics. I have issued three questions based on the purpose of this study: How do teachers define an above-average pupil? In what way the teachers stimulate and challenge the above-average pupils? Has the school done something special for the above-average pupils? The method used to conduct this study was a semi-structured qualitative interview with four teachers in primary school. The method consists of interviews and observations. The study shows that the teachers make an effort to give these pupils extra attention and challenging tasks. A major focus is put on problems solving and to develop the pupil's ability to be able to explain how they think and if necessary, they should be able to explain even to their fellow- pupils. We can also learn by teaching others. The results of the survey shows that teachers are aware of the pupils need for extra support, which partly means a dilemma for teachers. The teachers would like to offer even more than they can to the pupils, but due to lack of time, partly through staff meetings and documentation work and other things, the time is not sufficient for the teachers. My research is relevant because it highlights the above-average pupil’s perspectives through the teacher's experiences in the classroom. I have seen teachers’ different views on their educational approach, which has been a major goal of my investigation.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 275-288).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2006. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-68).

Thesis (D. Ed. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 2003. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-156).

Thesis (D. Ed. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 2003. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-156).

Thesis (D. Ed. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 2003. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-156).