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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Παραγωγή κρασιού με ακινητοποιημένα κύτταρα σε φρούτα

Κουρκουτάς, Ιωάννης 18 June 2010 (has links)
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2

Ποιότητα αποσταγμάτων από οίνους που παράχθηκαν με ακινητοποιημένα κύτταρα

Λουκάτος, Παύλος Α. 06 July 2010 (has links)
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3

Ερυθρά οινοποίηση με ακινητοποιημένα κύτταρα σε στερεά υποπροϊόντα ποτοποιίας

Τσακίρης, Αργύρης 30 July 2010 (has links)
- / -
4

Μελέτη δευτερογενούς αρώματος με GC/MS οίνων που παράγονται με ακινητοποιημένα κύτταρα

Μαλλούχος, Αθανάσιος 30 July 2010 (has links)
- / -
5

Taninos enológicos e goma arábica na composição e qualidade sensorial do vinho Cabernet Sauvignon / Enological tannins and gum arabic in the composition and sensory quality of cabernet sauvignon wine

Manfroi, Vitor January 2007 (has links)
O trabalho foi conduzido com uvas Cabernet Sauvignon do distrito de Pinto Bandeira, Bento Gonçalves, RS. Essa cultivar se destaca no Brasil pela produção de vinhos tintos de guarda, tendo-se adaptado relativamente bem na Serra Gaúcha. Como outras cultivares tintas, possue, em determinadas safras, dificuldades para obtenção de uma adequada maturação, dificultando a elaboração de vinhos com boa estrutura. Dentre as estratégias adotadas para minimizar esse problema, está a adoção de um adequado manejo do vinhedo e acompanhamento da maturação, aliados a operações enológicas, como controles na maceração e uso de insumos enológicos. Em função desse contexto objetivou-se estudar a aplicação de taninos enológicos e goma arábica para avaliar este uso na composição físico-química e qualidade sensorial do vinho Cabernet Sauvignon. Na safra 2004 foram usados taninos de quebracho e de castanheira, aplicados em três dosagens (5,0 g.hl-1 , 10,0 g.hL-1, 20,0 g.hl-1 ), e em três momentos de aplicação (maceração, 02 dias após o esmagamento; descuba, 08 dias após o esmagamento; após a fermentação malolática, 04 meses após o esmagamento). Na safra 2005 aplicaram-se os taninos de quebracho, de castanheira e de acácia negra, todos na dosagem de 10,0 g.hl-1 , aplicados na maceração. Ainda nessa safra, os vinhos foram tratados com quatro dosagens de goma arábica (0,0 g.L-1 , 1 ,O g.L-1 , 2,0 g.L-1 e 3,0 g.L-1 ) no ato do engarrafamento. Na safra 2006 aplicaram-se os três taninos testados na safra 2005, todos na dosagem de 20,0 g.hl-1 , durante a maceração, e mais um "pool" de quatro taninos (casca de uva, semente de uva, quebracho, carvalho), na dosagem de 10,0 IPT (Índice de Polifenóis Totais), durante a maceração e no vinho estabilizado. Ainda se testaram duas dosagens de goma arábica (0,0 g.L-1 e 3,0 g.L-1 ), aplicadas no momento do engarrafamento. Nos vinhos estabilizados, realizaram-se as análises físico-químicas clássicas, mais características cromáticas e polifenóis, além de uma análise sensorial detalhada. Em função das boas condições meteorológicas apresentadas nas safras estudadas, que levaram à obtenção de uvas de boa qualidade, no que conceme às características físico-químicas clássicas, de modo geral, se verificou que a adição dos taninos teve pouca influência na composição do vinho. Aquelas variáveis que seriam, hipoteticamente, mais influenciáveis, como antocianinas e índices de cor, mostraram, da mesma forma, poucas mudanças significativas. A goma arábica influenciou uma série de características, denotando que sua utilização afeta de maneira mais significativa a composição do vinho. Na análise sensorial, principalmente o perfil aromático dos vinhos foi influenciado pelo uso dos taninos enológicos, especialmente quando aplicados na maceração. Assim, parece ser prudente inferir que o uso associado de taninos de origens diversas, contribuiu de maneira mais efetiva para a qualidade final dos vinhos. A goma arábica, por sua vez, manteve a tendência de influir positivamente na qualidade gustativa dos vinhos, em especial no aumento da maciez e redução da adstringência. Mesmo que parcialmente, em função das diferentes safras, comprovou-se a expectativa que os taninos enológicos contribuem para aumentar a capacidade antioxidante dos vinhos. / The study was performed with Cabemet Sauvignon grapes from the Pinto Bandeira district, Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, a cultivar known throughout the country for the production of cellaring red wine which adapted fairly well to the Serra Gaucha region. Like other red wine vines, there can be obstacles to proper maturation in certain harvests, which can curtail the production of well-structured wines. Among the strategies adopted to minimize the problem are using correct vineyard management and monitoring the maturation process, as well as enological operations such as contrais in maceration and the use of enological inputs. This situation has led to the study of the application of enological tannins and gum arabic to assess their use in the physicochemical composition and sensory properties of Cabernet Sauvignon wine. Quebracho and chestnut tannins were used in the 2004 harvest in three different dosages (5.0 g.hL-1, 10.0 g.hL-1, 20.0 g.hl-1 ) and at three different moments (maceration, 02 days after crushing; devatting, 08 days after crushing; after malolactic fermentation, 04 months after crushing). Quebracho, chestnut and black green-wattle acacia tannins were applied to the 2005 harvest, at 10.0 g.hL-1 dosages, ali during maceration . Wines from the same vintage were also treated with four dosages of gum arabic (0.0 g.L-1 , 1.0 g.L-1 , 2.0 g.L-1 and 3.0 g.L-1 ) at bottling. Three tannins tested on the 2005 harvest were applied to the 2006 one, ali at 20.0 g.hl-1 dosages during maceration, as well as a pool of four tannins (grape skins, grape pips, quebracho, oak) at dosages of 10.0 TPI (Total Polyphenollndex) during maceration and to the stabilized wine. Two gum arabic dosages were also tested (0.0 g.L-1 and 3.0 g.L-1 ), applied at bottling. The classical physicochemical analyses were performed on stabilized wines as well as chromatic characteristics, polyphenols and detailed sensory analysis. Due to the good weather conditions of the vintages studied, which led to the harvest of quality grapes regarding the classical physicochemical characteristics, tannin addition had little overall influence on wine composition. Those variables that would, hypothetically, be the most affected by their addition, such as anthocyanines and colar indexes, did not have significant changes either. Gum arabic influenced several characteristics, which shows that their use has more significant effects on wine composition. In sensory analysis, enological tannins primarily affected the aromatic profile of the wines, especially when applied in the maceration, so it seems safe to inter that the concomitant use of tannins from various origins contributed effectively to the final quality of the wines. Gum arabic, in turn, continued to have a positive effect on the palate of the wines, especially by increasing their softness and decreasing their astringency. The hypothesis that enological tannins contribute to the increase in antioxidant capacity in wines proved correct, even if only partially so due to the different harvests.
6

Taninos enológicos e goma arábica na composição e qualidade sensorial do vinho Cabernet Sauvignon / Enological tannins and gum arabic in the composition and sensory quality of cabernet sauvignon wine

Manfroi, Vitor January 2007 (has links)
O trabalho foi conduzido com uvas Cabernet Sauvignon do distrito de Pinto Bandeira, Bento Gonçalves, RS. Essa cultivar se destaca no Brasil pela produção de vinhos tintos de guarda, tendo-se adaptado relativamente bem na Serra Gaúcha. Como outras cultivares tintas, possue, em determinadas safras, dificuldades para obtenção de uma adequada maturação, dificultando a elaboração de vinhos com boa estrutura. Dentre as estratégias adotadas para minimizar esse problema, está a adoção de um adequado manejo do vinhedo e acompanhamento da maturação, aliados a operações enológicas, como controles na maceração e uso de insumos enológicos. Em função desse contexto objetivou-se estudar a aplicação de taninos enológicos e goma arábica para avaliar este uso na composição físico-química e qualidade sensorial do vinho Cabernet Sauvignon. Na safra 2004 foram usados taninos de quebracho e de castanheira, aplicados em três dosagens (5,0 g.hl-1 , 10,0 g.hL-1, 20,0 g.hl-1 ), e em três momentos de aplicação (maceração, 02 dias após o esmagamento; descuba, 08 dias após o esmagamento; após a fermentação malolática, 04 meses após o esmagamento). Na safra 2005 aplicaram-se os taninos de quebracho, de castanheira e de acácia negra, todos na dosagem de 10,0 g.hl-1 , aplicados na maceração. Ainda nessa safra, os vinhos foram tratados com quatro dosagens de goma arábica (0,0 g.L-1 , 1 ,O g.L-1 , 2,0 g.L-1 e 3,0 g.L-1 ) no ato do engarrafamento. Na safra 2006 aplicaram-se os três taninos testados na safra 2005, todos na dosagem de 20,0 g.hl-1 , durante a maceração, e mais um "pool" de quatro taninos (casca de uva, semente de uva, quebracho, carvalho), na dosagem de 10,0 IPT (Índice de Polifenóis Totais), durante a maceração e no vinho estabilizado. Ainda se testaram duas dosagens de goma arábica (0,0 g.L-1 e 3,0 g.L-1 ), aplicadas no momento do engarrafamento. Nos vinhos estabilizados, realizaram-se as análises físico-químicas clássicas, mais características cromáticas e polifenóis, além de uma análise sensorial detalhada. Em função das boas condições meteorológicas apresentadas nas safras estudadas, que levaram à obtenção de uvas de boa qualidade, no que conceme às características físico-químicas clássicas, de modo geral, se verificou que a adição dos taninos teve pouca influência na composição do vinho. Aquelas variáveis que seriam, hipoteticamente, mais influenciáveis, como antocianinas e índices de cor, mostraram, da mesma forma, poucas mudanças significativas. A goma arábica influenciou uma série de características, denotando que sua utilização afeta de maneira mais significativa a composição do vinho. Na análise sensorial, principalmente o perfil aromático dos vinhos foi influenciado pelo uso dos taninos enológicos, especialmente quando aplicados na maceração. Assim, parece ser prudente inferir que o uso associado de taninos de origens diversas, contribuiu de maneira mais efetiva para a qualidade final dos vinhos. A goma arábica, por sua vez, manteve a tendência de influir positivamente na qualidade gustativa dos vinhos, em especial no aumento da maciez e redução da adstringência. Mesmo que parcialmente, em função das diferentes safras, comprovou-se a expectativa que os taninos enológicos contribuem para aumentar a capacidade antioxidante dos vinhos. / The study was performed with Cabemet Sauvignon grapes from the Pinto Bandeira district, Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, a cultivar known throughout the country for the production of cellaring red wine which adapted fairly well to the Serra Gaucha region. Like other red wine vines, there can be obstacles to proper maturation in certain harvests, which can curtail the production of well-structured wines. Among the strategies adopted to minimize the problem are using correct vineyard management and monitoring the maturation process, as well as enological operations such as contrais in maceration and the use of enological inputs. This situation has led to the study of the application of enological tannins and gum arabic to assess their use in the physicochemical composition and sensory properties of Cabernet Sauvignon wine. Quebracho and chestnut tannins were used in the 2004 harvest in three different dosages (5.0 g.hL-1, 10.0 g.hL-1, 20.0 g.hl-1 ) and at three different moments (maceration, 02 days after crushing; devatting, 08 days after crushing; after malolactic fermentation, 04 months after crushing). Quebracho, chestnut and black green-wattle acacia tannins were applied to the 2005 harvest, at 10.0 g.hL-1 dosages, ali during maceration . Wines from the same vintage were also treated with four dosages of gum arabic (0.0 g.L-1 , 1.0 g.L-1 , 2.0 g.L-1 and 3.0 g.L-1 ) at bottling. Three tannins tested on the 2005 harvest were applied to the 2006 one, ali at 20.0 g.hl-1 dosages during maceration, as well as a pool of four tannins (grape skins, grape pips, quebracho, oak) at dosages of 10.0 TPI (Total Polyphenollndex) during maceration and to the stabilized wine. Two gum arabic dosages were also tested (0.0 g.L-1 and 3.0 g.L-1 ), applied at bottling. The classical physicochemical analyses were performed on stabilized wines as well as chromatic characteristics, polyphenols and detailed sensory analysis. Due to the good weather conditions of the vintages studied, which led to the harvest of quality grapes regarding the classical physicochemical characteristics, tannin addition had little overall influence on wine composition. Those variables that would, hypothetically, be the most affected by their addition, such as anthocyanines and colar indexes, did not have significant changes either. Gum arabic influenced several characteristics, which shows that their use has more significant effects on wine composition. In sensory analysis, enological tannins primarily affected the aromatic profile of the wines, especially when applied in the maceration, so it seems safe to inter that the concomitant use of tannins from various origins contributed effectively to the final quality of the wines. Gum arabic, in turn, continued to have a positive effect on the palate of the wines, especially by increasing their softness and decreasing their astringency. The hypothesis that enological tannins contribute to the increase in antioxidant capacity in wines proved correct, even if only partially so due to the different harvests.
7

Taninos enológicos e goma arábica na composição e qualidade sensorial do vinho Cabernet Sauvignon / Enological tannins and gum arabic in the composition and sensory quality of cabernet sauvignon wine

Manfroi, Vitor January 2007 (has links)
O trabalho foi conduzido com uvas Cabernet Sauvignon do distrito de Pinto Bandeira, Bento Gonçalves, RS. Essa cultivar se destaca no Brasil pela produção de vinhos tintos de guarda, tendo-se adaptado relativamente bem na Serra Gaúcha. Como outras cultivares tintas, possue, em determinadas safras, dificuldades para obtenção de uma adequada maturação, dificultando a elaboração de vinhos com boa estrutura. Dentre as estratégias adotadas para minimizar esse problema, está a adoção de um adequado manejo do vinhedo e acompanhamento da maturação, aliados a operações enológicas, como controles na maceração e uso de insumos enológicos. Em função desse contexto objetivou-se estudar a aplicação de taninos enológicos e goma arábica para avaliar este uso na composição físico-química e qualidade sensorial do vinho Cabernet Sauvignon. Na safra 2004 foram usados taninos de quebracho e de castanheira, aplicados em três dosagens (5,0 g.hl-1 , 10,0 g.hL-1, 20,0 g.hl-1 ), e em três momentos de aplicação (maceração, 02 dias após o esmagamento; descuba, 08 dias após o esmagamento; após a fermentação malolática, 04 meses após o esmagamento). Na safra 2005 aplicaram-se os taninos de quebracho, de castanheira e de acácia negra, todos na dosagem de 10,0 g.hl-1 , aplicados na maceração. Ainda nessa safra, os vinhos foram tratados com quatro dosagens de goma arábica (0,0 g.L-1 , 1 ,O g.L-1 , 2,0 g.L-1 e 3,0 g.L-1 ) no ato do engarrafamento. Na safra 2006 aplicaram-se os três taninos testados na safra 2005, todos na dosagem de 20,0 g.hl-1 , durante a maceração, e mais um "pool" de quatro taninos (casca de uva, semente de uva, quebracho, carvalho), na dosagem de 10,0 IPT (Índice de Polifenóis Totais), durante a maceração e no vinho estabilizado. Ainda se testaram duas dosagens de goma arábica (0,0 g.L-1 e 3,0 g.L-1 ), aplicadas no momento do engarrafamento. Nos vinhos estabilizados, realizaram-se as análises físico-químicas clássicas, mais características cromáticas e polifenóis, além de uma análise sensorial detalhada. Em função das boas condições meteorológicas apresentadas nas safras estudadas, que levaram à obtenção de uvas de boa qualidade, no que conceme às características físico-químicas clássicas, de modo geral, se verificou que a adição dos taninos teve pouca influência na composição do vinho. Aquelas variáveis que seriam, hipoteticamente, mais influenciáveis, como antocianinas e índices de cor, mostraram, da mesma forma, poucas mudanças significativas. A goma arábica influenciou uma série de características, denotando que sua utilização afeta de maneira mais significativa a composição do vinho. Na análise sensorial, principalmente o perfil aromático dos vinhos foi influenciado pelo uso dos taninos enológicos, especialmente quando aplicados na maceração. Assim, parece ser prudente inferir que o uso associado de taninos de origens diversas, contribuiu de maneira mais efetiva para a qualidade final dos vinhos. A goma arábica, por sua vez, manteve a tendência de influir positivamente na qualidade gustativa dos vinhos, em especial no aumento da maciez e redução da adstringência. Mesmo que parcialmente, em função das diferentes safras, comprovou-se a expectativa que os taninos enológicos contribuem para aumentar a capacidade antioxidante dos vinhos. / The study was performed with Cabemet Sauvignon grapes from the Pinto Bandeira district, Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, a cultivar known throughout the country for the production of cellaring red wine which adapted fairly well to the Serra Gaucha region. Like other red wine vines, there can be obstacles to proper maturation in certain harvests, which can curtail the production of well-structured wines. Among the strategies adopted to minimize the problem are using correct vineyard management and monitoring the maturation process, as well as enological operations such as contrais in maceration and the use of enological inputs. This situation has led to the study of the application of enological tannins and gum arabic to assess their use in the physicochemical composition and sensory properties of Cabernet Sauvignon wine. Quebracho and chestnut tannins were used in the 2004 harvest in three different dosages (5.0 g.hL-1, 10.0 g.hL-1, 20.0 g.hl-1 ) and at three different moments (maceration, 02 days after crushing; devatting, 08 days after crushing; after malolactic fermentation, 04 months after crushing). Quebracho, chestnut and black green-wattle acacia tannins were applied to the 2005 harvest, at 10.0 g.hL-1 dosages, ali during maceration . Wines from the same vintage were also treated with four dosages of gum arabic (0.0 g.L-1 , 1.0 g.L-1 , 2.0 g.L-1 and 3.0 g.L-1 ) at bottling. Three tannins tested on the 2005 harvest were applied to the 2006 one, ali at 20.0 g.hl-1 dosages during maceration, as well as a pool of four tannins (grape skins, grape pips, quebracho, oak) at dosages of 10.0 TPI (Total Polyphenollndex) during maceration and to the stabilized wine. Two gum arabic dosages were also tested (0.0 g.L-1 and 3.0 g.L-1 ), applied at bottling. The classical physicochemical analyses were performed on stabilized wines as well as chromatic characteristics, polyphenols and detailed sensory analysis. Due to the good weather conditions of the vintages studied, which led to the harvest of quality grapes regarding the classical physicochemical characteristics, tannin addition had little overall influence on wine composition. Those variables that would, hypothetically, be the most affected by their addition, such as anthocyanines and colar indexes, did not have significant changes either. Gum arabic influenced several characteristics, which shows that their use has more significant effects on wine composition. In sensory analysis, enological tannins primarily affected the aromatic profile of the wines, especially when applied in the maceration, so it seems safe to inter that the concomitant use of tannins from various origins contributed effectively to the final quality of the wines. Gum arabic, in turn, continued to have a positive effect on the palate of the wines, especially by increasing their softness and decreasing their astringency. The hypothesis that enological tannins contribute to the increase in antioxidant capacity in wines proved correct, even if only partially so due to the different harvests.
8

Étude des causes génétiques de la plasticité phénotypique par une approche de cartographie de QTLs : cas de la levure oenologique Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Genetic basis of phenotypic plasticity by a QTL mapping approach : case of the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Peltier, Emilien 22 December 2017 (has links)
La levure S. cerevisiae est la seule espèce capable de terminer la fermentation alcoolique du jus de raisin qui est l’étape principale de la vinification. A cause de la forte variabilité technologique retrouvée chez cette espèce, des travaux de sélection sont réalisés dans le but d’utiliser des levains performants pour l’industrie. Ces souches montrent des différences importantes à la fois dans leurs cinétiques fermentaires et leur bilans en métabolites, ce qui impacte la qualité des vins. La réponse phénotypique des levures varie également de manière considérable et non homogène face aux variations environnementales. La compréhension des mécanismes génétiques expliquant cette réponse différenciée est une question scientifique non triviale. Elle revêt une importance particulière en oenologie, où les conditions de vinifications sont très changeantes (millésimes, cépages, terroirs, conduites de vinifications…). Afin de pouvoir proposer des levains garantissant le succès des fermentations dans un large éventail de conditions, nous proposons ici de mieux comprendre ces mécanismes d’interaction Gène x Environnement dans un contexte oenologique. L’identification de locus génétiques (Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL)) contrôlant des caractères quantitatifs est rendue possible par des approches de cartographie de QTLs. Celles-ci nécessitent l’étude d’une vaste descendance en ségrégation qui doit être caractérisée sur le plan génétique et phénotypique. L’établissement d’un lien statistique entre des marqueurs génétiques et un phénotype permet la localisation de QTLs influant les caractères étudiés. Au cours de cette thèse, une méthode de phénotypage pour suivre les fermentations de plusieurs centaines d’individus a été mise au point. Grâce à elle, les performances fermentaires de deux descendances génotypées par séquençage à haut débit ont été mesurées en faisant varier les conditions de fermentations. Cela a permis l’identification de nombreux QTLs et d’estimer leur impact sur la robustesse des souches. L’implication des allèles de trois gènes qui montrent une forte interaction avec l’environnement et qui possèdent des effets pléiotropiques liés au métabolisme du SO2 a été prouvée moléculairement. Les résultats obtenus font l’objet d’une discussion générale sur l’utilisation de QTLs pour la sélection de levures plus performantes. / The yeast S. cerevisiae is the only species able to complete the alcoholic fermentation of grape must which is the main step of the wine-making process. Because of the high technological variability found in this species, selection work is carried out with the aim of using efficient yeasts for the industry. These strains show important differences both in their fermentation kinetics and their metabolite yield which affects the wines quality. In addition to these important phenotypic variations, the phenotypic response of yeasts varies considerably and not homogeneously against environmental variations. Understanding the genetic mechanisms that explain these differentiated responses to environmental variations is a non-trivial scientific question. This is of particular importance in oenology, where the winemaking conditions are highly variable (vintages, grape variety, terroirs, oenological practices...). In order to obtain yeasts ensuring the success of the fermentations under a wide range of conditions, we propose here to better understand these mechanisms of interaction Gene x Environment in an oenological context. The identification of genetic locus (Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL)) controlling quantitative characters is made possible by QTL mapping approaches. These approaches require the study of a large progeny in segregation that must be characterized genetically and phenotypically. The establishment of a statistical link between genotype and phenotype allows the localization of QTLs that have an impact on phenotyped characters. During this thesis a phenotyping method that allows us to follow the fermentations of several hundred individuals has been developed. Thanks to it, two progenies genotyped by whole genome sequencing have been phenotyped in different environmental conditions. This lead to the identification of many QTLs and to the estimation of their impact in strain robustness. The implication of the alleles of 3 genes showing a strong interaction with environment and pleiotropic effects linked to the SO2 metabolism has been proved molecularly. The results achieved are discussed in the context of QTL exploitation for the selection of more efficient yeast.
9

Estrat?gias pedag?gicas para o ensino da viticultura no curso t?cnico em viticultura e etnologia do Instituto Federal de Educa??o Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul ? Campus Bento Gon?alves / Pedagogical strategies for teaching viticulture in the technical course in viticulture and enology of IFRS - Bento Gon?alves Campus

Fensterseifer, Luiz Gaspar 11 September 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-02T13:07:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Luiz Gaspar Fensterseifer.pdf: 888433 bytes, checksum: 6eda436c37d11873744b3659a925e85d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-02T13:07:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Luiz Gaspar Fensterseifer.pdf: 888433 bytes, checksum: 6eda436c37d11873744b3659a925e85d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-11 / This dissertation aims to analyze how the students of the Technical Course in Viticulture and Enology of Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul see the disciplines that discuss topics related to viticulture and to propose strategies making the students begin to understand the real importance of learning these subjects in order to develop quality wines. It was discussed about the importance of professional training for the technical competitiveness of the wine business. The first part of the job corresponded to the theoretical framework, where it is done an overview on strategies and methods of teaching on the vocational and technological education with a history of it in Brazil and also a history of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul. This first part also approached the wine in the world, Brazil and in Rio Grande do Sul, showing the importance of this economic activity, the potential of some products that have been highlighted as grape juice and wine sparkling, showing the opening of new perspectives and opportunities on the labor sector for graduate students in the course. The second part deals with the methodology used in the study and analysis of the questionnaires and the teachinglearning strategies applied, namely: lecture and practical sensory analysis. The third section discusses the results and presents the final considerations / Esta disserta??o busca fazer uma an?lise do modo como os alunos do Curso T?cnico em Viticultura e Enologia do Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul veem as disciplinas que abordam temas ligados ? viticultura e propor estrat?gias para que essas disciplinas sejam vistas com a real import?ncia que apresentam para o aprendizado, visando ? elabora??o de vinhos de qualidade. Abordou-se a import?ncia da forma??o do profissional t?cnico para a competitividade do setor vitivin?cola. Na primeira parte do trabalho, correspondente ao referencial te?rico, faz-se um apanhado sobre estrat?gias e m?todos de ensino, sobre a educa??o profissional e tecnol?gica com um hist?rico da mesma no Brasil e tamb?m um hist?rico do Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Nessa primeira parte, abordou-se tamb?m a vitivinicultura no mundo, no Brasil e no Rio Grande do Sul, evidenciando-se a import?ncia dessa atividade econ?mica, o potencial de alguns produtos que se t?m destacado, a exemplo do suco de uva e dos vinhos espumantes, bem como perspectivas novas de trabalho ligadas ao setor que se abrem como oportunidades para os alunos formados no curso. Numa segunda parte, trata-se da metodologia empregada no trabalho e da an?lise da aplica??o dos question?rios e das estrat?gias de ensino-aprendizagem aplicadas, a saber, palestra e pr?tica de an?lise sensorial. Na terceira parte, discutem-se os resultados, e apresentam-se as considera??es finais
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Why Non-Pharmacological Prescribing of Antibiotics? : A Phenomenological Investigation into the Rationale behind it from the GP’s perspective / Varför ”icke-farmakologisk förskrivning av antibiotika?” : Fenomenologisk undersökning av allmänläkares attityder och åsikter

Pétursson, Pétur January 2005 (has links)
BACKGROUND: Concern has increased worldwide with regard to the over-prescribing of antibiotics, as well as the fact that more bacteria strains are developing resistance to antibiotics. According to research, a great deal of this use is for what has been called “non-pharmacological” reasons. The reduction of unnecessary antibiotic use and exploration of the reasons for ”irrational prescribing” has become a public health priority. OBJECTIVE: To study the reasons cited by Icelandic general practitioners for their “non-pharmacological” prescribing of antibiotics. DESIGN: A qualitative interview-study with research dialogues guided by the Vancouver School of doing phenomenology. SETTING: General practice. PARTICIPANTS: 16 general practitioners: 11 in the maximum variety sample and 5 in the theoretical sample. RESULTS: The most important reasons for prescribing antibiotics in situations with low pharmacological indications (non-pharmacological prescribing) were an unstable doctor-patient relationship due to lack of continuity of care, patient pressure in a stress-loaded society, the doctor’s personal characteristics, particularly zeal and readiness to serve, and finally, the insecurity and uncertainty of the doctor who falls back upon the prescription as a coping strategy in a difficult situation. CONCLUSION:The causes of non-pharmacological prescribing of antibiotics are highly varied, and relational factors in the interplay between the doctor and the patient are often a key factor. Therefore, it is of great importance for the general practitioner to know the patient and to become better equipped to resist patient pressure, in order to avoid the need to use the prescription as a coping strategy. Continuity of medical care and a stable doctor-patient relationship may be seen as the core concepts in this study and the most important task for the GPs is to promote the patients’ trust. / <p>ISBN 91-7997-091-5</p>

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