1. The biography of Crawford Munro (1904-76) describes his early life in Toowoomba and Sydney, and his maturation as an engineer, working for Sydney Water, Sydney Technical College and in the production of Cruiser tanks in World War II. He was a large confident man with a big voice and an optimistic, humorous personality. As the Foundation Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of New South Wales Munro was liberal, fostered humanist studies and developed the School of Engineering with a unique emphasis on water engineering. He recruited excellent staff for research and postgraduate education who led the nation across all phases of hydrology and hydraulics. Munro developed a remarkable, rational solution for flood mitigation at Launceston, and actively promoted research, partly through the Australian Water Research Foundation and the Institution of Engineers, Australia. He was much involved with predicting flood runoff, developing benefit/cost relations for irrigation schemes, which led him into public controversy, and other hydrological projects. Munro’s attempts to raise social consciousness about water problems, his multi-disciplinary approach to the evaluation of water resources and his campaigns for the collection of stream and rainfall data helped provide a better basis for proper planning. In his later years he undertook the first Australian environmental impact study. The concluding chapter outlines a vision for the current management of Australia’s water. Munro posed necessary questions about measuring the supply of water and bringing the demand of water into synchrony with its supply, while providing water security in terms of its availability and quality. He raised the debate about the balance between sustaining environmental flows, utilizing water for agriculture and secondary industry, and maintaining the health of communities. Munro hoped equitable decision making would emerge from public engagement on these issues. 2. Twentieth century science biography in Australia is the province of a group of elite male scientists, whose interests cover wide disciplinary fields; it is focused on popular imagination: health, food and adventure (Antarctica) accounting for fifteen of the seventeen scientists. Empathy for the subject is a significant feature of the nineteen biographers, of whom five are scientists. This small genre is often supported by institutions in small print runs. A key role of biography is to place through science history a more epistemologically plausible version of events. Public discourses of science treated in the essay include conflict about the attribution of scientific discovery, the vocation of the scientist as a contributor to a wider social polity, the light biography sheds on sources of creativity and the evolution of the research and culture of institutions. The biographer attempts to generate a personal portrait of the scientist which conveys authority about the significance and origins of his or her scientific discoveries and their impact in the wider social context. Daniel Söderqvist’s affirmation of the existential approach which ‘emphasizes the freedom and responsibility of the human individual’ resonates with the candidate as expressing characteristics of the lives of many Australian scientists in their passion for intellectual discovery, their motivation to self-empowerment, and their readiness top step outside their social conditioning. This essay extends Söderqvist’s paradigm to the context of Australian science biography and indicates some constraints on its depiction which arise in the practice of writing science biography. Some epistemological issues are raised in the texts, especially when dealing with oral history and family mythology, and thematic, thematic within a chronological framework or chronological structures of the text are compared. The level of detail and context influence the sustainability of the reader’s interest. Case studies of the biographies written by the candidate (Ian Clunies Ross, Samuel Wadham, Allan Callaghan, Victor Trikojus, Raymond Hoffenberg and Crawford Munro) illustrate issues which arise in the writing of science biography. The dominant question is the relationship of the biographer to the subject, and this determines the voice the reader hears. The motivation of the biographer may arise in varying degrees of empathy felt for the subject. The high affinity the candidate had for Clunies Ross and Hoffenberg causes him to offer a defence against the charge of hagiography, and the selectivity and subjectivity of the biographer is evident in the arrangement and presentation of factual material. The motivation of the biographer is additionally directed to the communication of the subject’s research outputs to the wider Australian community, and in the case of Callaghan, Wadham and Clunies Ross there was a specific programmatic function of advancing the status of agricultural science. It is argued that the description of the public life of the subject needs to be complemented from the private life if the biographer is ‘to view the world through the eyes of the subject’.

1. The biography of Crawford Munro (1904-76) describes his early life in Toowoomba and Sydney, and his maturation as an engineer, working for Sydney Water, Sydney Technical College and in the production of Cruiser tanks in World War II. He was a large confident man with a big voice and an optimistic, humorous personality. As the Foundation Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of New South Wales Munro was liberal, fostered humanist studies and developed the School of Engineering with a unique emphasis on water engineering. He recruited excellent staff for research and postgraduate education who led the nation across all phases of hydrology and hydraulics. Munro developed a remarkable, rational solution for flood mitigation at Launceston, and actively promoted research, partly through the Australian Water Research Foundation and the Institution of Engineers, Australia. He was much involved with predicting flood runoff, developing benefit/cost relations for irrigation schemes, which led him into public controversy, and other hydrological projects. Munro’s attempts to raise social consciousness about water problems, his multi-disciplinary approach to the evaluation of water resources and his campaigns for the collection of stream and rainfall data helped provide a better basis for proper planning. In his later years he undertook the first Australian environmental impact study. The concluding chapter outlines a vision for the current management of Australia’s water. Munro posed necessary questions about measuring the supply of water and bringing the demand of water into synchrony with its supply, while providing water security in terms of its availability and quality. He raised the debate about the balance between sustaining environmental flows, utilizing water for agriculture and secondary industry, and maintaining the health of communities. Munro hoped equitable decision making would emerge from public engagement on these issues. 2. Twentieth century science biography in Australia is the province of a group of elite male scientists, whose interests cover wide disciplinary fields; it is focused on popular imagination: health, food and adventure (Antarctica) accounting for fifteen of the seventeen scientists. Empathy for the subject is a significant feature of the nineteen biographers, of whom five are scientists. This small genre is often supported by institutions in small print runs. A key role of biography is to place through science history a more epistemologically plausible version of events. Public discourses of science treated in the essay include conflict about the attribution of scientific discovery, the vocation of the scientist as a contributor to a wider social polity, the light biography sheds on sources of creativity and the evolution of the research and culture of institutions. The biographer attempts to generate a personal portrait of the scientist which conveys authority about the significance and origins of his or her scientific discoveries and their impact in the wider social context. Daniel Söderqvist’s affirmation of the existential approach which ‘emphasizes the freedom and responsibility of the human individual’ resonates with the candidate as expressing characteristics of the lives of many Australian scientists in their passion for intellectual discovery, their motivation to self-empowerment, and their readiness top step outside their social conditioning. This essay extends Söderqvist’s paradigm to the context of Australian science biography and indicates some constraints on its depiction which arise in the practice of writing science biography. Some epistemological issues are raised in the texts, especially when dealing with oral history and family mythology, and thematic, thematic within a chronological framework or chronological structures of the text are compared. The level of detail and context influence the sustainability of the reader’s interest. Case studies of the biographies written by the candidate (Ian Clunies Ross, Samuel Wadham, Allan Callaghan, Victor Trikojus, Raymond Hoffenberg and Crawford Munro) illustrate issues which arise in the writing of science biography. The dominant question is the relationship of the biographer to the subject, and this determines the voice the reader hears. The motivation of the biographer may arise in varying degrees of empathy felt for the subject. The high affinity the candidate had for Clunies Ross and Hoffenberg causes him to offer a defence against the charge of hagiography, and the selectivity and subjectivity of the biographer is evident in the arrangement and presentation of factual material. The motivation of the biographer is additionally directed to the communication of the subject’s research outputs to the wider Australian community, and in the case of Callaghan, Wadham and Clunies Ross there was a specific programmatic function of advancing the status of agricultural science. It is argued that the description of the public life of the subject needs to be complemented from the private life if the biographer is ‘to view the world through the eyes of the subject’.

Submitted by Rebeka Godeiro (rebeka_carvalho@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-12T13:24:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ADEMILSON DANIEL DE SOUZA DISSERTAÇÃO CIÊNCIAS FLORESTAIS 2012.pdf: 7973142 bytes, checksum: 817100a5c79bcd60026608dd84eb6678 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-12T13:24:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ADEMILSON DANIEL DE SOUZA DISSERTAÇÃO CIÊNCIAS FLORESTAIS 2012.pdf: 7973142 bytes, checksum: 817100a5c79bcd60026608dd84eb6678 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-31 / Capes / A Caatinga, vegetação que cobre a maior parte da região semiárida, encontra-se sob forte pressão das atividades humanas resultante de sistemas de produção baseados em práticas agrícolas rudimentares, superpastejo e exploração de madeira indiscriminada. É necessário desenvolver um modelo de exploração que possa garantir o equilíbrio dos ecossistemas e a satisfação econômica e social do homem. Os Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAF's) apresentam-se como alternativa, pois preconizam a sustentabilidade dos ecossistemas baseada na biodiversidade e na recuperação de fragmentos florestais. O êxito implantação dos SAF's depende do conhecimento das potencialidades dos recursos da área em que se deseja aplicálo. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento do estado atual da Fazenda NUPEÁRIDO e diagnosticar a situação ambiental nos limites da propriedade. Procedeu-se ao levantamento da área total da propriedade, classificação das características morfológica, física e química dos solos, estudos fitossociológicos da vegetação arbórea e avaliação das pastagens. Verificou-se que a fazenda possui uma área total de aproximadamente 263 ha, sendo 42% inundados pelas águas do açude Jatobá, quando se encontra no seu nível máximo. As demais áreas encontram-se distribuídas em área de Caatinga arbustiva arbórea aberta (90 ha) e pastagem (57 ha). Os solos são relativamente homogêneos e apresentam-se com limitações quanto à profundidade, estrutura, textura e fertilidade. A área florestada apresenta fisionomia aberta, sendo classificada como arbustiva arbórea aberta, apresentando considerável riqueza de espécies, destacando-se as famílias Fabaceae e Euphorbiaceae com maior número de indivíduos. As áreas de pastagem nativa compostas por vegetação herbácea apresentam-se muito degradadas devido o superpastejo contínuo de bovinos, caprinos e ovinos. O desenvolvimento dos SAF's na propriedade depende da intervenção de pesquisadores dos cursos ofertados pela UFCG/CSTR, sobretudo, na escolha de ações prioritárias que devem ser implantadas em caráter emergencial, como recuperar a mata ciliar do açude Jatobá, combater a retirada da vegetação arbórea, manejar as áreas de pastejo e recuperar áreas degradadas. Espera-se que a adoção dos SAF's seja um modelo didático a ser seguido por outras instituições, agentes de extensão e proprietários rurais da região semiárida, mas, sobretudo, a garantia da utilização sustentável dos recursos naturais desta propriedade. / Caatinga, the vegetation that covers most of the semiarid region in northeast Brazil is under heavy anthropic pressure due to production systems based on incorrect agricultural practices, overgrazing and indiscriminate logging. It is necessary to develop an exploration model that balances ecosystems and human social and economic needs. Agroforestry happens to be a viable alternative as they support the idea of ecosystem sustainability based on recovery of biodiversity and of forest fragments. Successful implementation of agroforestry depends on the knowledge of the potentialities of the resources present in the target area. Thus, this study had the objective to survey the current status of NUPEARIDO Farm and to make a diagnosis of its environmental conditions. Data were collected on the total area of the farm, morphological, chemical, and physical soil attributes, tree phytossociology, and pasture evaluation. The farm covers approximately 263 ha, 42% of them may be under water when Jatobá dam is in its highest level. Open Caatinga forest covers 90 ha and pasture57 ha. The soils in the farm are relatively homogeneous, presenting limitations regarding depth, structure, texture and fertility. The forested area was classified as open bushy-arboreal Caatinga with a relatively high tree species richness, mostly from the Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae families. The native herbaceous pasture areas are under a heavy continuous browsing pressure by cattle, goats and sheep. The adoption of agroforestry systems at NUPEARIDO Farm needs the support of the UFCG/CSTR researcher team in order to define priorities actions that should be implemented right away, such as recovery of the degraded areas, in general, and the bordering forest around the Jatobá dam, prevention of wood and firewood collection, and adoption of proper browsing pressure on pasture areas. The expectations are that the adoption of agroforestry systems be used as a didactic model to be followed by other institutions, extension agents and local farmers, and especially that the adopted systems warrant the sustainable use of the natural resources available at NUPEARIDO Farm.

Submitted by Andrea Narullo (andrea.narullo@gmail.com) on 2015-04-01T21:07:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis_ANDREA_NARULLO.pdf: 918513 bytes, checksum: 7bf8286368315afd80f709515ad77857 (MD5) / Rejected by Luana Rodrigues (luana.rodrigues@fgv.br), reason: Dear Andrea, I kindly ask you to do these changes: 1) After the abstract, you have to do the "resumo", abstract in Portuguese. 2) Regarding the knowledge field. There are only 3 field of knowledge of MPGI registered in CAPES (The Government Department responsible for the rules of Masters Programs) and they are: Economia e Finanças Internacionais, Internacionalização de Empresas e Gestão e Competitividade em Empresas Globais. Therefore I advise you to put the field of knowledge recorded in CAPES. After you modify them, please post your thesis again. Best regards, Luana de Assis Rodrigues Cursos de Pós-Graduação – Post Graduate Program (55 11) 3799-3492 SRA - Secretaria de Registros Acadêmicos on 2015-04-06T12:44:38Z (GMT) / Submitted by Andrea Narullo (andrea.narullo@gmail.com) on 2015-04-06T16:43:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis_ANDREA_NARULLO.pdf: 920119 bytes, checksum: dfc25b860afd1668375a688aed3bfc8a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luana Rodrigues (luana.rodrigues@fgv.br) on 2015-04-06T19:20:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis_ANDREA_NARULLO.pdf: 920119 bytes, checksum: dfc25b860afd1668375a688aed3bfc8a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-07T13:20:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis_ANDREA_NARULLO.pdf: 920119 bytes, checksum: dfc25b860afd1668375a688aed3bfc8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-10 / This study analyses the integration of environmental sustainability into corporate strategy in the context of the car industry. The implementation of sustainability strategies and the development of hybrid-electric vehicles are investigated with reference to the case of a major player in the industry. Among the applications of electric mobility, which will increase the market presence in the forthcoming years due to stringent regulations and customer preferences, the research focused on hybrid-electric vehicles. The sustainability strategies of major car manufacturers and the subsequent implications in terms of product development, with a particular attention to hybrid-electric vehicles, were analysed via secondary data. Additionally, primary data was collected about the sustainability strategy of a major player in the industry and used to perform a case study. The analysis focused on critical drivers and aspects that impact on sustainability strategies aimed at reducing the environmental footprint of the car industry and on the development of hybrid vehicles. The analysis of the data showed that Fiat-Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) had a minor emphasis on electric mobility in terms of sustainability reporting. The conclusion presents an assessment of FCA’s corporate strategy in terms of environmental sustainability and a framework for HEV development with four different approaches that impact on the sustainability strategy of a carmaker. / Este estudo analisa a integração da sustentabilidade ambiental na estratégia das empresas no contexto da indústria automobilística. A implementação de estratégias de sustentabilidade e o desenvolvimento de veículos híbrido-elétricos são investigados com referência ao caso de um ator principal na indústria. Entre as aplicações de mobilidade eléctrica, que irá aumentar a presença no mercado nos próximos anos devido às regulamentações rigorosas e as preferências dos clientes, a pesquisa está focada em veículos híbrido-elétricos. As estratégias de sustentabilidade das grandes fabricantes de automóveis e as implicações subsequentes em termos de desenvolvimento de produtos, com uma atenção especial aos veículos elétricos híbridos, foram analisados através de dados secundários. Além disso, os dados primários foram coletados sobre a estratégia de sustentabilidade de um ator importante na indústria e usados para realizar um estudo de caso. A análise incidiu sobre os fatores críticos e os aspectos que têm impacto sobre as estratégias de sustentabilidade, que visam reduzir o impacto ambiental da indústria automobilística, e sobre o desenvolvimento de veículos híbridos. A análise dos dados mostrou que a Fiat-Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) teve uma ênfase menor na mobilidade eléctrica em termos de relatórios de sustentabilidade. A conclusão apresenta uma avaliação da estratégia corporativa da FCA, em termos de sustentabilidade ambiental, e apresenta um quadro para o desenvolvimento de veículos híbridos com quatro abordagens diferentes que têm impacto sobre a estratégia de sustentabilidade de uma montadora.

VIEIRA, Irlaine Rodrigues. Subsídios para o extrativismo sustentável de folhas de carnaúba na APA Delta do Parnaíba, Piauí - Brasil, 2013. 100 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós –Graduação, PRODEMA - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Fortaleza-CE, 2013. / Submitted by Eric Santiago (erichhcl@gmail.com) on 2016-04-15T16:13:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_irvieira.pdf: 5120090 bytes, checksum: c9160f4f7379ce2d8fa4c6d00bf928ed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by demia Maia (demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-04-18T13:30:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_irvieira.pdf: 5120090 bytes, checksum: c9160f4f7379ce2d8fa4c6d00bf928ed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T13:30:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_irvieira.pdf: 5120090 bytes, checksum: c9160f4f7379ce2d8fa4c6d00bf928ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / To understand the traditional management and the effects of extraction of immature leaves of Copernicia prunifera H. E. Moore in Delta do Parnaíba Environmental Protection Area the local management practices and the social, economic and cultural were documented. Through semi-structured interviews with artisans and extractive we investigated the socioeconomic, environmental perception and traditional knowledge of palm. In possession of information has been reviewed the traditional management and outlined experiments in which we assessed the effects of monthly extractive in the development in young and immature palm and reproductive performance in reproductive adults palms. The men and women are extractivists. Although craftswomen develop the same activity and consider palm important in their lives, have different perceptions about the resource exploited, many of these perceptions not conservationist. This finding shows the need to promote environmental education and union between artisans, extractive and environmental agencies to devise strategies to conserve areas carnaubais natives. Regarding the effects of the extraction, it was found that the growth of young and immature palms were not affected by traditional management. The reproductive performance of adult palms was affected by the intensity of extraction (25, 50 and 75%), with production of flowers and fruits reduced, most of which were aborted. The seeds of palm trees exploited decreased in size and germination rates. Our data suggest that the extraction of immature leaves of the palm should not exceed 25%. In areas where the extraction is above 25% is required fallow period. It is important that the extractive seek more distant areas of their homes to explore in order to avoid the concentration of exploration, thus reconciling extraction and environmental conservation. / Para compreender o manejo tradicional e os efeitos da extração de folhas imaturas de Copernicia prunifera H. E. Moore na Área de Proteção Ambiental Delta do Parnaíba, as práticas locais de manejo e os aspectos sociais, econômicos e culturais que o sustentam foram documentados. Por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com artesãos e extrativistas, investigaram-se os aspectos socioeconômicos, a percepção ambiental, e conhecimento tradicional da palmeira. De posse destas informações, foram avaliadas o manejo tradicional e traçaram-se experimentos nos quais se avaliou mensalmente os efeitos do extrativismo no desenvolvimento das palmeiras jovens e imaturas e o desempenho reprodutivo nos indivíduos adultos reprodutivos. Apesar das artesãs desenvolverem a mesma atividade e considerarem a palmeira importante em suas vidas, possuem percepções diferentes sobre o recurso explorado, muitas destas não conservacionistas. Este achado evidencia a necessidade da promoção da educação ambiental e união destes trabalhadores junto a órgãos ambientais a fim de traçar estratégias para conservar áreas de carnaubais nativos. Com relação aos efeitos do extrativismo da planta, foi verificado que o crescimento de indivíduos jovens e imaturos não foi afetado pelo manejo tradicional. O desempenho reprodutivo de palmeiras adultas foi afetado pela intensidade de extrativismo (25, 50 e 75%), apresentando produção de flores e frutos reduzidas, dos quais grande parte foram abortados. As sementes de palmeiras exploradas apresentaram redução no tamanho e na taxas de germinação. Os dados sugerem que a exploração mensal da planta não deve ultrapassar a 25%; que as áreas em que o extrativismo supere esta intensidade sejam respeitadas o período de pousio e que os extrativistas busquem áreas mais distantes das suas residências para explorar, a fim de evitar a concentração de exploração, conciliando assim o extrativismo à conservação ambiental.

Diante da necessidade prática por uma sociedade ambientalmente sustentável e de mecanismos que guiem essa transição, observa-se que práticas de redução de poluição ou consumo utilizadas de forma isoladas não são mecanismos suficientes para o atingimento da sustentabilidade ambiental almejada. Dessa forma, esta dissertação tem como principal objetivo explorar a inovação e o consumo sustentáveis como drivers necessários para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Especificamente, primeiramente, buscou-se mapear as melhores práticas de inovação sustentável conduzidas por empresas multinacionais que operam no Brasil, haja vista que essas empresas contam com recursos e competências que impulsionam esse tipo de inovação. Os achados da análise de conteúdo de relatórios de sustentabilidade apontam que as principais inovações de produto das empresas multinacionais focam no desenvolvimento de produtos mais eficientes, enquanto as inovações de processo focam na economia de materiais. Inovações organizacionais, por sua vez, concentram-se na aprendizagem orientada à inovação, enquanto as inovações de marketing buscam desenvolver novos ou melhores processos de distribuição. Ainda, com base na análise executada e nos resultados, uma matriz que demonstra a transição entre os tipos de inovações conduzidas pelas multinacionais é apresentada. Em relação ao consumo sustentável, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de literatura a fim de identificar atributos de produtos ambientalmente sustentáveis reportados na literatura. Nesse sentido, propõe-se um framework que aborda as três orientações dos atributos verdes de produtos identificados: orientação à produção, orientação ao uso, e orientação ao fim da vida do produto, as quais abarcam atributos individuais que podem ser inseridos em produtos de forma a torná-los sustentáveis, seja pela redução do impacto no meio ambiente seja pela geração de impacto positivo. / In light of the practical need for an environmentally sustainable society and for mechanisms that guide such transition, pollution reduction practices used in isolate, or together with consumption reduction are not sufficient mechanisms to attain the desired environmental sustainability. Thus, this dissertation’s main objective is to explore how environmentally sustainable innovation and consumption serve as drivers for the sustainable development. Specifically, initially, we mapped the best sustainable innovation practices developed by multinational companies that operate in Brazil, based on their access to resources and competences that boost the development of this kind of innovation. The findings from the content analysis of sustainability reports point that the main product innovations developed focus on the development of more efficient products, while process innovations target material savings. In turn, organizational innovations address innovation-oriented learning, while marketing innovations aim to develop new or improved distribution processes. Moreover, based on the analysis conducted and the results, we propose a matrix to demonstrate the transition between the types of innovation developed by the multinationals. Regarding sustainable consumption, we conducted a systematic literature review with the aim to identify environmentally sustainable product attributes from studies. We propose a framework that encompasses the three orientations of the green product attributes identified: production, use, and end-of-life orientations. These orientations encompass individual attributes that can be added to products with the aim to make them sustainable, either by the reduction of the environmental impact, or by exerting a positive impact on the environment.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-08-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:26:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dalchiavon_fc_dr_ilha.pdf: 1313078 bytes, checksum: 6554536e2e3f1a0493c8f1868557714c (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A cultura da cana-de-açúcar desempenha, frente à realidade brasileira, sobretudo no aspecto relacionado às fontes energéticas alternativas, importantíssimo papel. Assim, num talhão de cana-de-açúcar (variedade RB855035, em seu terceiro corte) da Usina Vale do Paraná S/A Álcool e Açúcar, localizada no município de Rubinéia (SP), Brasil, 20°17’53’’ de Latitude Sul e 51°02’23’’ de Longitude Oeste, manejado para duas formas de colheita da cana-crua (com manutenção e com remoção da palhada), foram estudadas as correlações (lineares de Pearson e as geoestatísticas) entre a produtividade de colmos e atributos físico- químicos do solo, com os objetivos de verificar, entre as duas modalidades de colheita da cana-crua: a) o atributo do solo que possui a melhor correlação de Pearson com a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar; b) o atributo do solo que possui a melhor cokrigagem (correlação geoestatística) com a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar; e c) analisar se há diferença entre os dois métodos de colheita de cana-crua. Para tanto, foram instaladas duas malhas geoestatísticas regulares, contendo cada uma 1,30 ha com 121 pontos amostrais georreferenciados, em um Argissolo Vermelho eutrófico (declive homogêneo de 0,065 m m- 1 ), no ano de 2011. Os atributos avaliados das plantas foram: a) produtividade de colmos de cana-de-açúcar, b) plantas por metro, c) quantidade de palhada sobre o solo, d) estoque de carbono na palhada, e e) açúcares totais recuperáveis. Os do solo foram: a) resistência mecânica à penetração, b) umidade gravimétrica, c) densidade, d) estoque de carbono, e e) pH (CaCl2), nas profundidades de 0-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m, além da altitude do terreno. A análise estatística dos dados ficou compreendida de análise descritiva, teste F, análise das correlações lineares e análise geoestatística... / The sugarcane crop play a very important role on the Brasilian reality, mainly in the aspect related to the alternative sources. So, in a sugarcane area (variety RB855035, third cut) at Vale do Paraná S/A Alcohol and sugar destillary, lacated in Rubinéia-SP, Brazil, 20°17'53''S and 51°02'23''W, managed for two forms of harvest of the raw cane (with maintenance and with removal of the straw) they were studied the correlations (linear of Pearson and the geostatistical) between the productivity of stems and physiochemical attributes of the soil, with the objectives of verifying, between the two modalities of crop of the raw cane: a) the attribute of the soil that provides the best correlation of Pearson with the productivity of the sugarcane; b) the attribute of the soil that provides the best cokriging (correlation geoestatistical) with the productivity of the sugarcane; and c) to analyze if there is difference between the two methods of crop of raw cane. For this were installed two regular geoestatistical meshes containing each one 1.30 ha with 121 sampling from a Typic Haplustult (homogeneous slope of 0.065 m m-1), in 2011. The appraised attributes of the plants were: a) productivity of sugarcane stems, b) plants for meter, c) amount of straw on the soil, d) stock of carbon in the straw, and e) recoverable total sugar content in sugarcane. The attributes of the soil were: a) mechanical resistance to the penetration, b) gravimetric moisture, c) bulk density, d) stock of carbon, and e) pH (CaCl2), at depths of 0-0.20 and 0.20- 0.40 m, besides the altitude of the land. The statistical analysis of the data was performed by descriptive analysis, test F, analysis of the linear correlation and geostatistical analysis. For the crop of the raw cane with maintenance of the straw, the bulk density, at depth of 0-0.20 m, was the attribute of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Submitted by Alane dos Santos Viana (alane.viana@ucsal.br) on 2017-09-19T13:29:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESETANIACRISTINA.pdf: 15391724 bytes, checksum: 5461fd6436a8df3ad9062f0cb8996082 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2017-09-20T18:06:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESETANIACRISTINA.pdf: 15391724 bytes, checksum: 5461fd6436a8df3ad9062f0cb8996082 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T18:06:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESETANIACRISTINA.pdf: 15391724 bytes, checksum: 5461fd6436a8df3ad9062f0cb8996082 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-01 / O objetivo desta pesquisa de doutorado foi avaliar e propor componentes do sistema de incidência do IPTU do município de Salvador para fins de utilização da tributação ecológica municipal como mecanismo de política pública para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Especificamente, discutiu-se a adoção de tributação ecológica no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável nas cidades; analisaram-se os critérios de concessão do Programa de Certificação Sustentável “IPTU VERDE” do município de Salvador; realizou-se análise dos benefícios decorrentes deste programa; apresentou-se proposição de componentes de um sistema municipal de tributação ecológica em matéria de IPTU, e avaliou-se sua aplicação em dois empreendimentos imobiliários do município. Trata-se de um estudo empírico, apoiado no método hipotético-dedutivo como caminho para alcançar a finalidade desta investigação. Caracterizou-se, portanto, como pesquisa aplicada quanto à sua natureza, devido utilizar-se de conteúdos existentes para fins de aplicação prática. Quanto ao alcance dos objetivos, a presente pesquisa foi classificada como de natureza descritivo-explicativa. Como estratégia de condução da pesquisa, recorreu-se ao Estudo de Caso, mediante técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, análise de conteúdo e complementarmente realizou-se atividade de campo, mediante visitas presenciais nas repartições públicas envolvidas na regulamentação do “IPTU VERDE” de Salvador. Os resultados da investigação apontaram que o modelo aplicado na capital baiana foi inspirado no padrão internacional de certificação denominado Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), pois estabelece um escalonamento através de pontuação para qualificar a prática de sustentabilidade ambiental com vistas ao uso de materiais e tecnologias sustentáveis nas edificações. Esta condição levou à compreensão de que é uma das limitações para o acesso ao Programa de Certificação Sustentável denominado “IPTU VERDE”, pois tende a priorizar edificações específicas, devido à legislação local demandar uma série requisitos como critério de práticas de sustentabilidade ambiental na obtenção de certificação de empreendimento como sustentável e a respectiva aplicação do desconto no imposto. Portanto, para que a sistemática de incidência do IPTU VERDE Salvador seja utilizada como mecanismo de política pública com vistas ao desenvolvimento sustentável, reclamaria uma profunda reformulação em seu regulamento, com a definição de componentes coadunados com os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) para as cidades, de forma a estabelecer critérios que buscassem priorizar a qualidade urbana e propiciassem aos contribuintes condições e meios acessíveis para a obtenção deste benefício tributário. / The objective of this PhD research was to evaluate and propose components of the IPTU incidence system of Salvador city with the purpose of using municipal ecological taxation as a public policy mechanism for sustainable development. Specifically, we discussed the adoption of ecological taxation in the context of sustainable development in cities; the criteria for granting the "IPTU Verde" Sustainable Certification Program of Salvador city were analyzed; the benefits derived from this program were analyzed; the proposal of components of a municipal ecological tax system in respect to IPTU was presented, and its application was evaluated in two municipal real estate projects. This empirical study was supported by the hypothetical-deductive method towards achieving the purpose of this research. It is characterized, therefore, as an applied research as to its nature, due to the use of existing contents for practical application purposes. Regarding the scope of the objectives, the present research is classified as descriptive-explanatory in nature. As a strategy for conducting the research, the Case Study was used, through bibliographic research, documentary research, content analysis and a field activity was complementarily carried out through the presence of public officials involved in the "IPTU VERDE" regulation of Salvador. The results of the investigation showed that the model applied in the Bahian capital was inspired by the international certification standard known as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), because it establishes a staggering through score to qualify to practice environmental sustainability with a view to the use of sustainable materials and technologies in buildings. This condition led to the understanding that is one of the limitations to the access to Sustainable certification program called "GREEN TAXES". Such program tends to prioritize specific buildings, due to the demand by local laws of a series of requirements as a criterion for environmental sustainability practices in obtaining certification of a sustainable enterprise and its application in tax rebate. Therefore, in order for the IPTU Verde’s incidence system to be used as a public policy mechanism for sustainable development, it would call for a profound reformulation of its regulation. For this purpose, components that are compatible with the Sustainable Development Objectives (SDO) for cities would be defined in order to establish criteria which seek to prioritize urban quality and provide taxpayers with conditions and affordable means to obtain this type of tax benefit.

Fornendo energia e nutrienti, la produzione di cibo è essenziale per la vita. Tuttavia, essa rappresenta anche una criticità ambientale. La popolazione mondiale in rapida crescita, infatti, ha bisogno di un quantitativo di cibo sempre maggiore, una delle principali cause di degrado ambientale a livello globale. Il sistema agricolo è fondato su una rete di relazioni complesse che collegano la produzione agricola, funzioni e condizioni ambientali. Una produzione agricola meno impattante è, quindi, fondamentale per non compromettere la possibilità per la future generazioni di avere accesso a un quantitativo adeguato di risorse. La metodologia LCA (life cycle assessment) ha un ruolo centrale nella valutazione di sostenibilità. Analizzando l’intero ciclo di vita di un prodotto o servizio, infatti, permette di tenere in considerazione eventuali trasferimenti di impatti tra comparti ambientali o fai della filiera. Il principale obiettivo della presente tesi è contribuire al dibattito in corso riguardo all’armonizzazione degli approcci nell’applicazione della metodologia LCA a prodotti agro-alimentari per favorirne l’affidabilità e l’efficacia. / Providing energy and nutrients, food production is essential for life. However it represents also an important environmental concern. Indeed, the rapidly growing world population is requiring an increased food production which is one of the greatest causes of environmental degradation throughout the world. The agricultural system is based on complex relations that link agricultural productivity, environmental functions and environmental conditions. Therefore, moving towards less polluting production systems is of the utmost importance to satisfy the current demand for food without compromising the possibility for future generations to have access to a proper amount of food of adequate quality. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is at the core of sustainability assessment. Indeed, considering the entire life cycle of a product or service, it allows to account for potential shifts of environmental impacts between environmental compartments or stages of the food supply chain. The overall aim of the present thesis is to contribute to the ongoing debate on the harmonisation of the approaches to carry out a LCA referred to agro-food products in order to foster its reliability and effectiveness.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4506.pdf: 1928482 bytes, checksum: 7de48c770ce682165b187839fc440fea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-16 / Sustainable development has been extensively debated, and it is a matter of great concern for the agribusiness sector in Brazil, especially in the state of Mato Grosso, the largest soybean producing state in the country. This topic includes complex issues that ought to be considered as multidisciplinary. The process of action planning should encompass a broad systemic context that includes sustainability dimensions (environmental, economic, and social). This study evaluated the agribusiness production development of Mato Grosso state and identified impacts of its growth on the agroindustry. In order to evaluate the agribusiness development, technical base indicators such as credit evolution, soil occupation were defined, machinery and equipment, consumption of fertilizers and agroindustry development . The environmental indicators considered for the evaluation of the impacts of this development on the environment were agrochemicals, deforestation, and forest fire/hotspots. The methodology used was an explanatory qualitative research based on secondary sources. This study is a theoretical dissertation that focuses on agribusiness and stockbreeding development as well as the advances of the agroindustry in the state of Mato Grosso. The results indicate that the growth in grain production and the consumption of fertilizers, together with the increase in the credit limit and in the amount of machinery and equipment, are directly related to the environmental degradation in the state. Such fact was confirmed by the increase in the environmental indicators mentioned above and by the fact that the agroindustry has been standing out in the state. It can be said that, so far, the major concern of this sector has been production increase, and therefore, sustainable production, especially regarding environmental issues, is a secondary concern when different sustainability approaches for the agroindustry development are considered. This research indicates a need for change in the profile of the rural producer, mainly with regard to environmental issues, in order to achieve sustainability and guarantee that this industry sector will last for future generations. / O desenvolvimento sustentável tem sido amplamente debatido pelo setor da agroindústria no Brasil e no Mato Grosso, estado brasileiro identificado como maior produtor de soja. O tema engloba questões complexas que devem ser tratadas de forma multidisciplinar. O planejamento de ações deve acontecer em um contexto abrangente e sistêmico que envolva as dimensões da sustentabilidade (ambiental, econômica e social). Este trabalho avaliou o desenvolvimento da produção do agronegócio no Mato Grosso e identificou os impactos desse crescimento sobre a agroindústria. Para avaliar o desenvolvimento do agronegócio foram definidos indicadores de base técnica, compostos por: evolução do crédito, ocupação do solo, consumo de fertilizantes, máquinas e equipamentos e crescimento da agroindústria. Na avaliação dos impactos desse desenvolvimento sobre o meio ambiente, os indicadores ambientais foram: utilização de defensivos agrícolas, desflorestamento e queimadas/focos de calor. O método de estudo se concentrou em uma pesquisa explicativa e qualitativa, baseada em fontes secundárias, sendo uma dissertação teórica baseada em discussões sobre o avanço da produção agrícola e pecuária, juntamente com a evolução da agroindústria no estado do Mato Grosso. Os resultados indicam que o crescimento da produção de grãos e consumo de fertilizantes, aliados ao aumento do crédito e quantidade de máquinas e equipamentos, tem ligação direta com a degradação do meio ambiente no estado, fato comprovado pela elevação dos indicadores ambientais mencionados e que a agroindústria vem se destacando no estado. A interpretação que fica é que, até agora, a maior preocupação do segmento ainda é o aumento da produção, ficando em segundo plano a produção sustentável, principalmente quanto à questão ambiental, quando consideradas as diferentes abordagens da sustentabilidade presentes nas discussões de desenvolvimento da agroindústria. Este estudo mostra a necessidade de mudança do perfil do produtor rural, especialmente com relação à temática ambiental, para atingir a sustentabilidade e a permanência do setor para as próximas gerações.