This study sought to expand current narrative persuasion models by examining the role of subtext processing. The extended elaboration likelihood model suggests that transportation leads to persuasion by reducing counterarguments to stories’ persuasive subtexts. The model implicitly argues that transportation should reduce total subtext processing, including counterarguments and intended elaboration. But this study reasoned that people with stronger eudaimonic motivation to have meaningful entertainment experiences, would put more effort into processing stories’ subtexts while engaging with the narrative. Because less eudaimonically motivated individuals may be at risk for missing the subtext, it was also expected that adding a supplemental conclusion scene that reiterates the intended message would facilitate persuasion.Following a pre-test survey, 201 undergraduate students were randomly assigned to view an episode of the crime drama Numb3rs: one of two versions of “Harvest,” designed to promote organ donation (with or without a conclusion scene), or a control episode. After viewing, participants completed a thought-listing task and second survey. Results show that “Harvest” did not result in persuasive outcomes related to organ donation. Transportation was a marginally significant positive predictor of total subtext processing. Contrary to predictions, eudaimonic motivation negatively predicted amount of total subtext processing.Eudaimonic motivation also negatively (but marginally) predicted doctor mistrust, but this effect was moderated by conclusion condition: eudaimonic motivation was negatively associated with doctor mistrust only in the no conclusion condition. Eudaimonic motivation was also negatively (but marginally) associated with intended elaboration. Further examination showed that, compared to people with low eudaimonic motivation, those with high eudaimonic motivation were less likely to engage in intended elaboration, but only in the no conclusion condition. This pattern of findings provides indirect evidence that intended elaboration was responsible for decreasing doctor mistrust among people with high eudaimonic motivation who saw the conclusion. But surprisingly, intended elaboration was not directly related to any persuasive outcomes.The findings tentatively suggest that transportation and subtext processing can coexist and that eudaimonic motivation can affect the extent to which viewers engage in subtext processing during narrative engagement. The results also indicate that supplemental conclusions may be useful tools for narrative persuasion.

The aim of this study is to analyze the concept on dikaiosune in Plato&#039 / s Republic with its main aspects. Republic as an overarching philosophical work will be reviewed as a whole and the overall scheme will be taken into account. There will be an emphasis on the ethical point of view rather than a political standpoint. The main interest of the thesis is what dikaiosune is and its relationship with goodness and eudaimonia which are terms sometimes used interchangeably. Still, the intervowen concepts of virtue, happiness, fulfillment, desire and unity will be taken into consideration as also for Plato these are perpetually connected. Various commentators of the Republic, their views and arguments will also be examined and analyzed within this study.

Ο σκοπός του Αριστοτέλη είναι να ορίσει έναν τρόπο ζωής μέσα μέσα από τον οποίο πρέπει να μάθει κανείς πώς να ζεί με ικανοποιητικό τρόπο καθώς και πώς να ρυθμίζει την συμπεριφορά του σύμφωνα με τους κανόνες της αρετής έτσι ώστε να οδηγηθεί στην κατάκτηση του ύψιστου αγαθού, το οποίο είναι η ευδαιμονία. Ο στόχος ο δικός μας είναι είναι διττός¨1) Να διακρίνουμε την έννοια του τέλους και να την διαφοροποιήσουμε από αυτήν των επιμέρους τελών και 2) να κατανοήσουμε και να ερμηνεύσουμε τον λόγο για τον οποίο ο Αριστοτέλης ορίζει την ευδαιμονία ως το ύψιστο αγαθό στην περιοχή του ανθρωπίνου βίου. / The aim of Aristotle is to define a lifestyle media through which one must learn how to live a satisfactory manner and how to regulate their behavior in accordance with the rules of virtue so as to drive to conquer the highest good , the which is bliss . The Our ​​objective is twofold ¨ 1) To discern the meaning of the fee and to differentiate it from individual charges and 2 ) to understand and interpret the reason why Aristotle defines happiness as the highest good in human

Peterson, Park, and Seligman (2005) have proposed that individuals seek to increase their well-being through three behavioural orientations; via pleasure, meaning, and engagement. The current study investigated how orientations to happiness influenced the pursuit and experience of daily activities using an experience sampling methodology (ESM). Daily activities were experienced as a blend of both hedonic and eudaimonic characteristics. Dominant orientation to happiness did not predict engaging in different daily activities. Trait orientations to happiness had some influence on the momentary experience of behaviour. Those scoring highest on all three orientations to happiness also rated their daily activities highest on momentary pleasure, meaning, engagement, and happiness. The results suggest that increasing all three orientations is a pathway to the full life and a balanced well-being portfolio.

One of the great challenges for positive psychology is that academics, researchers and authors are yet to reach agreement on the terminology, constructs and methodology of the various positive psychological concepts and interventions. One such concept that has been ambiguously and often inconsistently conceptualised is happiness. Interventions that are structured around these conceptualisations have produced mixed results, which are attributable to various aspects such as the unidimensional conceptualisation of the concept, inconsistent measurement, psychometric measuring instruments that have not been validated for the population in question, and fragmented intervention methodologies. Research was, therefore, needed regarding happiness and the development of interventions aimed at increasing happiness. Therefore, this thesis aimed to investigate the concept, manifestation, measurement and development of happiness and positive psychological interventions (PPIs) within a tertiary educational environment. A mixed method research approach was followed to reach the research objectives. The first study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of positive psychological assessment measures, and to determine the relationship between flourishing and academic performance within a tertiary educational institution. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was used to address this objective. The Mental Health Continuum Long Form, Positive and Negative Affect Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale were administered and indicated acceptable levels of internal consistency. The MHC-LF would need to be adapted for future studies within the tertiary educational environment. No significant correlations could be established between academic performance and flourishing. However, cross-tabulation indicated some evidence of the impact that flourishing/languishing had on academic performance. Individuals with moderate levels of flourishing typically performed in the „above average‟ to „excelling academically‟ range. Languishing individuals performed at the lower levels of the academic performance spectrum. The results indicated that a large number of individuals within this tertiary educational environment were languishing. Flourishing students experienced higher levels of positive affect and satisfaction with life, as well as lower levels of negative affect than their languishing and moderately flourishing counterparts. The second study aimed to investigate the main streams of research on happiness, the approaches/models flowing from these philosophies and the methodology of happiness interventions. A quantitative meta-analysis of the literature was used to address the aforementioned research objective. Seeing that the literature presents with such incongruent findings regarding the effectiveness of PPIs, research was needed to establish how happiness should be conceptualised, which moderating factors should be addressed in this conceptualisation, and what the content of PPIs should be. A qualitative meta-analysis of the literature indicated that happiness is approached from either a hedonic, eudaimonic or integrated approach. These philosophies gave birth to a stream of scientific literature regarding happiness and its various conceptualisations, namely (a) Subjective well-being; (b) Hedonic well-being; (c) Eudaimonic well-being; (d) Psychological well-being; (e) Flourishing, and (f) Authentic happiness. Furthermore, the results highlighted three causes for failing interventions: (a) unidimensional models/approaches towards happiness, (b) targeting the concept of happiness instead of the mediating factors; and (c) fragmented methodological interventions. The study suggested a multidimensional model for happiness and happiness interventions. Furthermore, the study proposed a multifaceted methodology for happiness interventions, comprising self-administered intentional activities, group-administered interventions and individual coaching. The third study aimed to evaluate a PPI aimed at increasing happiness of students in a tertiary educational institution. A longitudinal pre-experimental research design was used to address the aforementioned research objective. Qualitative data were used to explore the findings further. The results indicated that the overall happiness of a student may be increased through developing individuals on both an emotional and psychological level. The results showed some scientific merit to a multifaceted approach towards PPIs. The PPI affected all the aspects conceptualised in this study except for two components of authenticity, namely authentic behaviour and relational orientations. / PhD, Industrial Psychology, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2012

The present thesis deals with the question of goodness in ethical thinking of Plato and Aristotle. The work aims to answer two research questions: How did Plato and Aristotle perceive the essence of goodness in human life? What are we supposed to do in order to accomplish human well-being? The first chapter contains a brief summary of ethical ideas of both philosophers. In the following chapters their concepts of areté, soul and goodness are analysed and compared. The comparison supports the fact that both Plato and Aristotle basically agreed on the essence of human goodness. They consider it the sole criterion of human well-being, both of them connect it with moral values and argue that it can be only achived through life in accordance with the virtues. On the other hand, Plato and Aristotle differ from each other in the way how can be such human goodness and well-being achieved. Aristotle's views based on the ethical issues, however, can not be perceived as totally different from those of Plato, but rather as a further elaboration and supplement of his ideas and opinions.

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Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-09-21T12:59:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1371671 bytes, checksum: dd1d5ac4e3398b52ce7ec0c143409127 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-21T12:59:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1371671 bytes, checksum: dd1d5ac4e3398b52ce7ec0c143409127 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-27 / The following dissertation aims to undertake a philosophical study, supported by incursions of context referring to the ancient Greek world historical and political. The study is able to provide us with a greater theoretical understanding of eudaimonia, coming from an ethics of virtues, according to Aristotle, it would be possible for those who acted according to the demands of an excellent action. Such research will be based largely on analytical readings from the work of Aristotle, in particular, the Nicomachean Ethics, as well as Socratic -Platonic texts that supported the Greek ethos. Moreover, the text will report to the works of interpreters and researchers on the field, able to assist us during this endeavor. Thus, we seek to understand, in Aristotelian ethics, the ability of humans to an action based on a kind of wisdom can be ethical values from their own ability to decide on the facts that are presented to him. Therefore, since they are subject to the contingency that human action is subject, should be covered by the experience of every one who, being obliged to action, must act with practical wisdom inherent in the prudent man. / A dissertação que se segue busca empreender um estudo filosófico, alicerçado por incursões de âmbito histórico-político referente ao mundo grego antigo, capaz de nos proporcionar uma maior compreensão teórica da eudaimonia, oriunda de uma ética das virtudes que, conforme Aristóteles seria possível àqueles que atuassem conforme as exigências de uma ação excelente. Tal empresa se baseará majoritariamente em uma leitura analítica de trechos da obra aristotélica, em especial, a Ética a Nicômaco, assim como em textos socráticos-platônicos que embasaram o ethos grego. Além disso, nos reportaremos a obras de intérpretes e estudiosos do assunto, capazes de nos auxiliar durante essa empreitada. Assim, buscamos compreender, na ética aristotélica, a aptidão do ser humano para uma ação baseada em um tipo de sabedoria capaz de constituir valores éticos provenientes de sua própria capacidade de deliberar a respeito dos fatos que a ele se apresentem. Tais fatos, por estarem submetidos à contingência a que a ação humana está sujeita, deverão ser abrangidos pela experiência de cada um que, estando obrigado à ação, deverá agir com a sabedoria prática inerente ao homem prudente.

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El articulo se propone examinar la noción del concepto clásico griego de la vida buena” (eu zen, eudaimonia) como el objetivo práctico fundamental de la existencia humana y ofrecer una mirada novedosa a la oposición actual entre teorías teleológicas y no teleológicas sobre este tema, llevando a una re-evaluación de las contribuciones que aporta la filosofía antigua a este asunto. La forma del artículo es original: los autores han creado un diálogo entre dos personajes ficticios, cada uno de los cuales representa un enfoque filosófico distinto. Al hacerlo, quisieron rendir tributo a la obra de Sócrates y Platón, en el campo ético, y al mismo tiempo subrayar la relevancia actual de muchos elementos de esta obra en los estudios contemporáneos de filosofía moral.