Esta pesquisa avaliou a segurança microbiológica da esterilização a vapor do instrumental laparoscópico reutilizável montado. Foram selecionados dois tipos de instrumental laparoscópico reutilizável: trocarte e pinça de dissecção de 5mm. Considerando a eficácia da limpeza como pré-requisito essencial para o processo de esterilização, a PRIMEIRA ETAPA da pesquisa, avaliou 66 instrumentos laparoscópicos, sendo 33 pinças e 33trocartes, submetidos a diferentes métodos de limpeza, avaliando como desfecho os resíduos orgânicos de proteína, hemoglobina e carboidrato, após contaminação intencional com sangue de placenta humana. Os métodos de limpeza testados foram: (1) limpeza manual com enxágue em água potável; (2) limpeza manual com enxágue em água potável, seguida de limpeza ultrassônica sem enxágue; (3) limpeza manual com enxágue em água potável, seguida de limpeza ultrassônica com enxágue em água potável e (4) limpeza manual com enxágue em água potável, seguida de limpeza ultrassônica com enxágue em água potável e último enxágue em água destilada esterilizada. Os experimentos foram acompanhados pelos grupos controle Positivo (sem limpeza) e Negativo, composto por instrumental laparoscópico novos sem contaminação intencional, avaliados após os procedimentos de limpeza (1) e (4). Para avaliação dos resíduos orgânicos, utilizou-se o kit Quantipro BCA para dosagem de proteínas, TMB One para hemoglobina, fenol 5% e ácido sulfúrico para carboidrato, todos com leitura por espectrofotometria. O grupo controle Positivo evidenciou níveis médios de 332µg/cm2 proteína, 30µg/cm2 carboidrato e 417µg/cm2 hemoglobina. Conforme esperado, o método de limpeza (4) apresentou desempenho superior quando comparado com o método (1), reduzindo 92% a mais de µg/proteína/pinça e 60% a mais de µg/carboidrato/pinça e por trocarte, embora esta superioridade não tenha sido observada de uma forma uniforme em todo o experimento. No grupo controle Negativo, os níveis máximos de proteína detectados foram 1,70µg/cm2 e de carboidrato de 1,07µg/cm2, não sendo detectada hemoglobina. A SEGUNDA ETAPA, avaliou a esterilização do instrumental laparoscópico reutilizável montado com contaminação desafio de três vezes 106 esporos Geobacillus stearothermophillus ATCC 7953, impregnados em suporte de papel filtro extraídos do indicador biológico comercialmente disponível para monitoramento da autoclavação. Os experimentos microbiológicos foram acompanhados dos grupos controle Positivo (suporte do indicador biológico não submetido à esterilização) e controle Negativo (instrumentos laparoscópicos esterilizados desmontados com contaminação desafio). Como grupo Experimental, foram analisados 370 instrumentos laparoscópicos esterilizados montados, sendo 185 pinças e 185 trocartes. Três suportes de papel impregnados com os esporos foram introduzidos no interior de cada instrumento laparoscópico, precedidos de limpeza tipo (4), embalados em papel grau cirúrgico e submetidos à esterilização a vapor saturado sob pressão (134oC por 5 minutos). Com técnica asséptica, cada suporte de papel foi inoculado em meio de cultura de Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB), incubado a 56oC por 21 dias. Não sendo observado crescimento, as amostras foram submetidas a um choque térmico a 80oC, por 20 minutos, para estimular a germinação, com reincubação por mais 72 horas. Não houve crescimento microbiano algum nas amostras do grupo Experimental. Os resultados dos grupos controles foram satisfatórios. O controle Positivo confirmou o desafio imposto aos experimentos e o controle Negativo apresentou resultados esperados de ausência de crescimento. Este estudo forneceu fortes evidências científicas para os Centros de Material e Esterilização sustentarem a segurança microbiológica da prática de esterilização do instrumental laparoscópico montado / This study evaluated the microbiological safety of steam sterilization, the reusable laparoscopic instrument assembled. We selected two types of reusable laparoscopic instrument: trocar and dissecting forceps 5mm. Considering the efficacy of cleaning as an essential prerequisite for the sterilization process, the FIRST STEP evaluated 66 laparoscopic instruments, 33 trocars and 33 dissecting forceps, subjected to different cleaning methods evaluating outcome as organic waste protein, hemoglobin and carbohydrate after intentional contamination with blood from human placenta. Cleaning methods were tested: (1) manual cleaning rinse with potable water, (2) manual cleaning with rinsing in clean water, then cleaning ultrasonic without rinsing, (3) manual cleaning with rinsing in clean water, then cleaning ultrasonic rinse with potable water and (4) manual cleaning rinse with potable water, followed by ultrasonic cleaning with potable water rinse and final rinse in sterile distilled water. The experiments were accompanied by positive control groups (without cleaning) and negative, composed of laparoscopic instruments again without intentional contamination, assessed after the cleaning procedures (1) and (4). For evaluation of organic waste is used Quantipro BCA kit for the determination of protein, TMB One to hemoglobin, 5% phenol and sulfuric acid of carbohydrate with any read by spectrophotometry. The positive control group showed average levels of 332µg/cm2 protein, carbohydrate 30µg/cm2 and 417µg/cm2 hemoglobin. As expected, the cleaning method (4) superior performance when compared with the method (1), reducing 92% more µg/protein/forceps and more than 60% µg/carbohydrate/forceps and trocar, although this superiority has not been observed in a uniform manner throughout the experiment. In the negative control group maximum levels of protein detected were 1.70 µg/cm2 and 1.07 µg/cm2carbohydrate was not detected hemoglobin. The SECOND STEP evaluated the sterilization of reusable laparoscopic instruments assembled with contamination challenge 3 times 10 Geobacillusstearothermophillus spores ATCC 7953, impregnated strips filter paper extracted from commercially available biological indicator for monitoring steam sterilization. The experiments were accompanied microbiological positive control groups (biological indicator spore strips non-sterile) and negative (laparoscopic instruments sterilized contamination disassembled challenge). As experimental group were analyzed 370 laparoscopic instruments sterilized assembled, 185 dissecting forceps and 185 trocars. Three spore strips of paper impregnated were introduced in laparoscopic instrument within each preceded by cleaning type (4), packed in surgical paper and subjected to saturated steam sterilization under pressure (134oC for 5 minutes). With aseptic technique, each paper spore strip was inoculated into culture medium Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) and incubated at 56oC for 21 days. No growth was observed, they were subjected to heat shock at 80oC for 20 minutes to stimulate germination, with more reincubation for 72 hours. There was no microbial growth in some samples of the experimental group. The results of the control groups were satisfactory. The Positive Control confirmed the challenge posed to experiments and the negative control presented results expected from the absence of growth. This study provides strong scientific evidence for the Centers for Material and Sterilization sustain the microbiological safety of the practice of sterilization of laparoscopic instruments assembled.

The increased prevalence rate of childhood obesity in Saudi Arabia is a nationwide health issue. The doctoral project was instituted in the pediatric out-patient clinic (POPC) of a tertiary university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Child obesity clinic and clinical practice guideline (CPG) for primary prevention were not available in the pediatric outpatient clinic with a high incidence of newly diagnose obese children. The focus of this doctoral project was to improve the clinical nursing practice of POPC nurses through the adoption of CPG on primary prevention of childhood obesity. The knowledge translation into action framework provided a summary of descriptive series of ideal CPG implementation steps in POPC. The search for published CPGs was taken from DynaMed, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Guideline International Network, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. There were 2 tools applied for analysis and synthesis. First, the appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation II instrument was used to assess the quality of the guidelines. Second, the BARRIERS' scale was used to assess the extent of nurses' perception of barriers in CPG utilization. The 1st findings from this study revealed that RNAO CPG was the best and high-quality CPG over the Endocrine Society and the Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement CPGs. The 2nd findings showed that most of the nurses perceived BARRIERS to utilization towards on the unclear implications of the CPG in their daily nursing practice. Hence, one of the vital recommendations was to have CPG awareness and education before the implementation. Overall, the doctoral project contributed to positive social change through guidelines, policies, and protocol provision for childhood obesity prevention in similar settings.

<p>The overall aim of this thesis was to study the implementation of guidelines, change processes and contextual variables from the perspective of improvements and neonatal nursing care’s endeavours to be more evidenced-based. Because health care is exposed to extensive change pressure and because the impact of effectiveness research on clinical practice is limited, it becomes urgent to understand how knowledge utilisation initiatives can be facilitated.</p><p>Three studies involved managers and nurses at all neonatal units in Sweden. Two of these studies also included nurses from other healthcare organisations. The fourth study included all staff at four neonatal units. The study designs used were cross-sectional, comparative and prospective longitudinal surveys; questionnaires were used as data collection tools in all four studies.</p><p>Evaluation of the utilisation of the neonatal nursing guidelines showed that the guidelines were known to the nurse managers and used at most of the units, though to varying degrees and in different ways. Fifteen months after guideline dissemination, 8 of 35 units had changed practice, of which 2 units had completed the implementation process of a guideline. Involvement in the preceding guideline project facilitated the completion of improvement projects compared with participation in training courses for quality improvement (QI) only. There was no difference between these two groups on long-standing involvement in improvement work. Nurses who continued QI work over a 4-year period were more active in seeking research and implementing research findings in clinical practice than those who ceased the improvement work. The QI-sustainable nurses reported better contextual support for research-related activities. In a separate study staff perceptions of organisational factors appeared stable over the course of one year at the aggregated level. Improvements in skills development and participatory management predicted higher overall organisational and staff well-being. </p><p>The findings emphasize the importance of including both individual and organisational factors in the strategic planning for evidence-based nursing. Plans have to be long-term and consider that change is a slow process. Leadership commitment is essential and there are clear benefits in developing a learning and professional supportive environment as well as of involving staff in organisational decision making.</p>

The overall aim of this thesis was to study the implementation of guidelines, change processes and contextual variables from the perspective of improvements and neonatal nursing care’s endeavours to be more evidenced-based. Because health care is exposed to extensive change pressure and because the impact of effectiveness research on clinical practice is limited, it becomes urgent to understand how knowledge utilisation initiatives can be facilitated. Three studies involved managers and nurses at all neonatal units in Sweden. Two of these studies also included nurses from other healthcare organisations. The fourth study included all staff at four neonatal units. The study designs used were cross-sectional, comparative and prospective longitudinal surveys; questionnaires were used as data collection tools in all four studies. Evaluation of the utilisation of the neonatal nursing guidelines showed that the guidelines were known to the nurse managers and used at most of the units, though to varying degrees and in different ways. Fifteen months after guideline dissemination, 8 of 35 units had changed practice, of which 2 units had completed the implementation process of a guideline. Involvement in the preceding guideline project facilitated the completion of improvement projects compared with participation in training courses for quality improvement (QI) only. There was no difference between these two groups on long-standing involvement in improvement work. Nurses who continued QI work over a 4-year period were more active in seeking research and implementing research findings in clinical practice than those who ceased the improvement work. The QI-sustainable nurses reported better contextual support for research-related activities. In a separate study staff perceptions of organisational factors appeared stable over the course of one year at the aggregated level. Improvements in skills development and participatory management predicted higher overall organisational and staff well-being. The findings emphasize the importance of including both individual and organisational factors in the strategic planning for evidence-based nursing. Plans have to be long-term and consider that change is a slow process. Leadership commitment is essential and there are clear benefits in developing a learning and professional supportive environment as well as of involving staff in organisational decision making.

Abstract: Introduction: To explore the information seeking behavior of Internationally Educated Nurses (IENs) and to investigate their exposure to libraries and library training in both their home countries and after being hired in Saskatchewan. Methods: This two-phase multi-method project was carried out in Saskatchewan, Canada. A questionnaire was developed based on survey instruments used in previously conducted studies on the topic. Librarians in two academic institutions assisted with validation of the survey. In Phase 1, data were collected via an online questionnaire from IENs in three health regions: Saskatoon, Regina, and Sunrise. In Phase 2, the study was expanded to IENs in all the health regions in the province. The same questionnaire from Phase 1 was used during telephone interviews with participants. Results: A total of 17 IENs responded (Phase 1, n = 9, Phase 2, n = 8). Results show that IENs, although interested in looking for information for their practice, are hindered by a lack of knowledge of how and where to seek relevant clinical information as well as a lack of library training. As a result, their main source of information is the Internet (Google). Discusion: Despite barriers such as time to information seeking, results revealed that given the opportunity IENs would like to receive library training to enhance their information seeking skills.

Esta pesquisa avaliou a segurança microbiológica da esterilização a vapor do instrumental laparoscópico reutilizável montado. Foram selecionados dois tipos de instrumental laparoscópico reutilizável: trocarte e pinça de dissecção de 5mm. Considerando a eficácia da limpeza como pré-requisito essencial para o processo de esterilização, a PRIMEIRA ETAPA da pesquisa, avaliou 66 instrumentos laparoscópicos, sendo 33 pinças e 33trocartes, submetidos a diferentes métodos de limpeza, avaliando como desfecho os resíduos orgânicos de proteína, hemoglobina e carboidrato, após contaminação intencional com sangue de placenta humana. Os métodos de limpeza testados foram: (1) limpeza manual com enxágue em água potável; (2) limpeza manual com enxágue em água potável, seguida de limpeza ultrassônica sem enxágue; (3) limpeza manual com enxágue em água potável, seguida de limpeza ultrassônica com enxágue em água potável e (4) limpeza manual com enxágue em água potável, seguida de limpeza ultrassônica com enxágue em água potável e último enxágue em água destilada esterilizada. Os experimentos foram acompanhados pelos grupos controle Positivo (sem limpeza) e Negativo, composto por instrumental laparoscópico novos sem contaminação intencional, avaliados após os procedimentos de limpeza (1) e (4). Para avaliação dos resíduos orgânicos, utilizou-se o kit Quantipro BCA para dosagem de proteínas, TMB One para hemoglobina, fenol 5% e ácido sulfúrico para carboidrato, todos com leitura por espectrofotometria. O grupo controle Positivo evidenciou níveis médios de 332µg/cm2 proteína, 30µg/cm2 carboidrato e 417µg/cm2 hemoglobina. Conforme esperado, o método de limpeza (4) apresentou desempenho superior quando comparado com o método (1), reduzindo 92% a mais de µg/proteína/pinça e 60% a mais de µg/carboidrato/pinça e por trocarte, embora esta superioridade não tenha sido observada de uma forma uniforme em todo o experimento. No grupo controle Negativo, os níveis máximos de proteína detectados foram 1,70µg/cm2 e de carboidrato de 1,07µg/cm2, não sendo detectada hemoglobina. A SEGUNDA ETAPA, avaliou a esterilização do instrumental laparoscópico reutilizável montado com contaminação desafio de três vezes 106 esporos Geobacillus stearothermophillus ATCC 7953, impregnados em suporte de papel filtro extraídos do indicador biológico comercialmente disponível para monitoramento da autoclavação. Os experimentos microbiológicos foram acompanhados dos grupos controle Positivo (suporte do indicador biológico não submetido à esterilização) e controle Negativo (instrumentos laparoscópicos esterilizados desmontados com contaminação desafio). Como grupo Experimental, foram analisados 370 instrumentos laparoscópicos esterilizados montados, sendo 185 pinças e 185 trocartes. Três suportes de papel impregnados com os esporos foram introduzidos no interior de cada instrumento laparoscópico, precedidos de limpeza tipo (4), embalados em papel grau cirúrgico e submetidos à esterilização a vapor saturado sob pressão (134oC por 5 minutos). Com técnica asséptica, cada suporte de papel foi inoculado em meio de cultura de Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB), incubado a 56oC por 21 dias. Não sendo observado crescimento, as amostras foram submetidas a um choque térmico a 80oC, por 20 minutos, para estimular a germinação, com reincubação por mais 72 horas. Não houve crescimento microbiano algum nas amostras do grupo Experimental. Os resultados dos grupos controles foram satisfatórios. O controle Positivo confirmou o desafio imposto aos experimentos e o controle Negativo apresentou resultados esperados de ausência de crescimento. Este estudo forneceu fortes evidências científicas para os Centros de Material e Esterilização sustentarem a segurança microbiológica da prática de esterilização do instrumental laparoscópico montado / This study evaluated the microbiological safety of steam sterilization, the reusable laparoscopic instrument assembled. We selected two types of reusable laparoscopic instrument: trocar and dissecting forceps 5mm. Considering the efficacy of cleaning as an essential prerequisite for the sterilization process, the FIRST STEP evaluated 66 laparoscopic instruments, 33 trocars and 33 dissecting forceps, subjected to different cleaning methods evaluating outcome as organic waste protein, hemoglobin and carbohydrate after intentional contamination with blood from human placenta. Cleaning methods were tested: (1) manual cleaning rinse with potable water, (2) manual cleaning with rinsing in clean water, then cleaning ultrasonic without rinsing, (3) manual cleaning with rinsing in clean water, then cleaning ultrasonic rinse with potable water and (4) manual cleaning rinse with potable water, followed by ultrasonic cleaning with potable water rinse and final rinse in sterile distilled water. The experiments were accompanied by positive control groups (without cleaning) and negative, composed of laparoscopic instruments again without intentional contamination, assessed after the cleaning procedures (1) and (4). For evaluation of organic waste is used Quantipro BCA kit for the determination of protein, TMB One to hemoglobin, 5% phenol and sulfuric acid of carbohydrate with any read by spectrophotometry. The positive control group showed average levels of 332µg/cm2 protein, carbohydrate 30µg/cm2 and 417µg/cm2 hemoglobin. As expected, the cleaning method (4) superior performance when compared with the method (1), reducing 92% more µg/protein/forceps and more than 60% µg/carbohydrate/forceps and trocar, although this superiority has not been observed in a uniform manner throughout the experiment. In the negative control group maximum levels of protein detected were 1.70 µg/cm2 and 1.07 µg/cm2carbohydrate was not detected hemoglobin. The SECOND STEP evaluated the sterilization of reusable laparoscopic instruments assembled with contamination challenge 3 times 10 Geobacillusstearothermophillus spores ATCC 7953, impregnated strips filter paper extracted from commercially available biological indicator for monitoring steam sterilization. The experiments were accompanied microbiological positive control groups (biological indicator spore strips non-sterile) and negative (laparoscopic instruments sterilized contamination disassembled challenge). As experimental group were analyzed 370 laparoscopic instruments sterilized assembled, 185 dissecting forceps and 185 trocars. Three spore strips of paper impregnated were introduced in laparoscopic instrument within each preceded by cleaning type (4), packed in surgical paper and subjected to saturated steam sterilization under pressure (134oC for 5 minutes). With aseptic technique, each paper spore strip was inoculated into culture medium Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) and incubated at 56oC for 21 days. No growth was observed, they were subjected to heat shock at 80oC for 20 minutes to stimulate germination, with more reincubation for 72 hours. There was no microbial growth in some samples of the experimental group. The results of the control groups were satisfactory. The Positive Control confirmed the challenge posed to experiments and the negative control presented results expected from the absence of growth. This study provides strong scientific evidence for the Centers for Material and Sterilization sustain the microbiological safety of the practice of sterilization of laparoscopic instruments assembled.

Orientador: Neusa Maria Costa Alexandre / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Enfermagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T10:49:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rospendowiski_Karina_M.pdf: 1729835 bytes, checksum: f1388fbb6295fbb3e521138374665f49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: INTRODUÇÃO: A Prática Baseada em Evidência compreende "o uso consciente, explícito e judicioso da melhor evidência atual para a tomada de decisão sobre o cuidar individual do paciente". Para a implantação da prática de enfermagem baseada em evidências, compete ao enfermeiro a busca de estratégias que permitam a utilização de pesquisa na prática. O instrumento "Evidence-based practice questionnaire" (EBPQ), avalia atitudes, conhecimento e implantação da Prática Baseada em Evidências. Utiliza Escala de Likert com pontuação de um a sete em três domínios: prática, atitudes e conhecimentos relacionados à Prática Baseada em Evidências. Mostrou-se uma ferramenta útil para mensurar a implantação desta prática com enfermeiros no Reino Unido e na Espanha. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo tem como objetivo adaptar culturalmente o instrumento EBPQ para a língua portuguesa do Brasil e avaliar suas qualidades psicométricas. METODOLOGIA: Estudo metodológico em que fizeram parte professores e alunos de uma Universidade Pública e enfermeiros de um Hospital Público. Foram seguidos os passos essenciais de adaptação cultural de instrumentos de medida: tradução do instrumento para a língua portuguesa, síntese, retro-tradução, avaliação pelo comitê de juízes e pré-teste. Foi verificada a confiabilidade por meio da avaliação da consistência interna e da estabilidade pelo teste-reteste e a validade de constructo com abordagem de grupos conhecidos, do qual fizeram parte enfermeiros com pós-graduação em Mestrado ou Doutorado e enfermeiros com graduação completa. RESULTADOS: As etapas de tradução, síntese e retro-tradução foram realizadas satisfatoriamente. A avaliação pelo comitê de juízes resultou em alterações em alguns itens, assegurando as equivalências entre as versões original e traduzida. Durante o pré-teste, foi verificada a compreensão dos itens para torná-los mais claros. Na avaliação das propriedades psicométricas, a versão brasileira do instrumento mostrou-se confiável, com Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach satisfatório em todos os domínios (0,91 ¿ 0,68). O Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse, que avaliou a estabilidade do instrumento mostrou-se satisfatório para o instrumento como um todo (0,90). Na avaliação da validade de constructo, o instrumento foi capaz de demonstrar diferenças nos escores entre os grupos conhecidos, com pontuações mais elevadas no grupo de enfermeiros com Mestrado ou Doutorado. CONCLUSÃO: As etapas necessárias para a adaptação cultural de instrumentos de medida foram concluídas com sucesso. A versão brasileira obtida apresenta propriedades psicométricas confiáveis para a sua utilização nessa população / Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The Evidence-Based Practice comprehends "the conscious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence for decision making about the individual caring of patients". To implement the evidence-based practice of nursing, the nurse is responsible for searching strategies that allow the use of research in practice. The instrument "Evidence-based practice questionnaire" (EBPQ) assesses attitudes toward, knowledge of and use of evidence-based practice. It uses Likert Scale which is a seven point scale used in three areas: practice, attitudes and knowledge related to Evidence Based Practice. It was proved to be a useful tool to measure the implementation of this practice with nurses in the United Kingdom and Spain. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to adapt culturally the tool EBPQ to the Portuguese Language and to evaluate its psychometric qualities. METHODOLOGY: For this methodological study, the participants were some teachers and students of a Public University and some nurses of a Public Hospital. The essential steps of cultural adaptation of measurement instruments were followed: instrument translation into Portuguese language, synthesis, retro-translation, evaluation by the committee of judges and pretest .The reliability was checked by means of evaluation of internal consistency and the stability by test-retest and the construct validity with known groups approach. The first group was formed by nurses with Masters' degree or PhD and the second group was formed by nurses with bachelor's degree. RESULTS: The steps of translation, retro-translation and synthesis were performed satisfactorily. The evaluation by the expert panel resulted in changes in some items, ensuring the equivalence between the original and translated versions .During the pretest, the understanding of the items was done in order to make them clearer. The Brazilian version was reliable , with satisfactory results , and it was obtained Cronbach's alpha similar to International studies for all domains ( .91 to .68 ) .The intraclass correlation coefficient , which evaluated the stability was satisfactory for the instrument as a whole ( 0,90 ) .In the assessment of construct validity , there was significant difference between groups in relation to evidence-based practice , with higher scores in the group of nurses with master's or PhD. CONCLUSION: The necessary steps for the cultural adaptation of the measurement instruments were finished successfully. The Brazilian version obtained presents reliable psychometric properties for its use in this population / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestra em Ciências da Saúde

Orientador: Wilza Carla Spiri / Resumo: Objetivo: Compreender o significado do uso dos sistemas de classificação de pacientes como ferramenta gerencial para os gestores de enfermagem psiquiátrica e avaliar as características psicométricas do Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes Psiquiátricos – versão 2. Método: Estudo multimétodo sendo o delineamento qualitativo para a compreensão do significado, coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas áudio gravadas e referencial metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo, já o delineamento de estudo metodológico foi utilizado para avaliar as características psicométricas através da Técnica Delphi com análise estatística. Participaram 10 gerentes de enfermagem de instituições psiquiátricas do Estado de São Paulo e 60 juízes especialistas. Utilizou-se o software NVivo para auxílio na análise das entrevistas e opiniões dos juízes e o software R Core Team para a análise estatística. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre agosto/2016 e maio/2017. Resultados: Quanto aos gerentes, a amostra constituiu-se de nove mulheres e um homem, com 14 anos de experiência em saúde mental e que estavam há quase sete anos no referido cargo na atual instituição. O ambiente do cuidado psiquiátrico emergiu como tema geral cercado por quatro subtemas: modelo atual de tomada de decisão, modelo ideal de tomada de decisão, dimensionamento de enfermagem, legislação profissional e de saúde mental. Apenas metade dos gerentes utilizaram um sistema de classificação de pacientes como ferramenta gerencial... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Objective: To understand the meaning of using patient classification systems as a managerial tool for psychiatric nursing managers and to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the Psychiatric Patient Classification System - version 2. Method: Multi-method study used or qualitative quality design of the meaning, data collection through recorded semi-structured audio interviews and methodological references of Content Analysis, already outlining methodological studies used to evaluate how psychometric characteristics applied by the Delphi Technique with Statistical Analysis. Participated 10 managers of psychiatric nursing institutions in the State of São Paulo and 60 expert judges. The N-Vivo software was used to aid in the analysis of interviews and judges' opinions and the R Core Team software for statistical analysis. Data collection was carried out between August 2016 and May 2017. Results: As for the managers, a sample composed of nine women and one man, with 14 years of experience in mental health and who were almost seven years without a load at the current institution. The emerging psychiatric care environment as the general theme surrounded by four sub-themes: current decision model, ideal decision model, nursing dimension, professional legislation and mental health. Only half of the managers used a patient classification system as a management tool and as practices are still used without empiricism. As for the panel of judges, a sample composed of 14 documents,... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar på att mellan 32–90% av patienter som genomgått någon form av kirurgi utvecklar oavsiktlig hypotermi perioperativt. Ofta har patienterna redan mild hypotermi vid ankomst till operationssalen. De perioperativt verksamma specialistsjuksköterskorna har ett gemensamt ansvar att förhindra samt åtgärda oavsiktlig nedkylning av patienten perioperativt. Trots mycket forskning om hypotermi och dess konsekvenser visar studier på att det finns kunskapsluckor inom ämnet hos specialistsjuksköterskor som ingår i operationsteamet. Vidare finns det för närvarande inga svenska nationella riktlinjer för värmebevarande åtgärder under kirurgi utan mer övergripande rekommendationer om vikten av att upprätthålla patientens temperatur.  Syfte: Att beskriva hur specialistsjuksköterskor inom dagkirurgi arbetar för att bibehålla normotermi hos patienten.  Metod: Kvalitativ intervjustudie med induktiv ansats. Semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tio specialistsjuksköterskor på två operationsavdelningar med dagkirurgisk verksamhet. Datan analyserades med manifest innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman. Resultat: I resultatet framkom tre kategorier: beslut om värmebevarande åtgärder, förutsättningar för att förebygga perioperativ hypotermi och viljan att göra gott. Kategorierna hade sammanlagt åtta tillhörande subkategorier.   Slutsats: Specialistsjuksköterskans arbete för att bibehålla normotermi hos patienten var komplext där många olika faktorer spelade in. Det fanns goda kunskaper om perioperativ hypotermi och värmebevarande åtgärder i operationsteamet. Resultatet synliggjorde dock att arbetet i att förebygga perioperativ hypotermi inte alltid baserades på evidens och att det inte fanns tillräckligt med beslutsunderstöd för värmebevarande åtgärder. / Background: Previous research shows that 32–90% of patients who have undergone some sort of surgery develop accidental perioperative hypothermia. Often, patients already have mild hypothermia upon arrival at the operating room. The perioperative specialist nurses have a shared responsibility to prevent and treat unintended cooling of the patient. Despite a lot of research on hypothermia and its consequences, studies show that there are knowledge gaps within the subject in specialist nurses who are part of the surgical team. Furthermore, there are currently no Swedish national guidelines for perioperative heat conservation measures during surgery, but more general recommendations on the importance of maintaining the patient’s temperature. Aim: To describe how specialist nurses in ambulatory surgery work to maintain normothermia in the patient. Method: Qualitative interview with inductive approach. Semi-structured interviews with ten specialist nurses at two ambulatory surgery departments. The data were analyzed with manifest content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman.  Results: The results revealed three categories: decisions on heat conservation measures, conditions for preventing perioperative hypothermia and a desire to do good. The categories had a total of eight associated subcategories.  Conclusion: The specialist nurse’s work to maintain normothermia in the patient was complex in which many different factors came into play. There was a good knowledge of perioperative hypothermia and heat conservation measures in the surgical team. However, the results showed that the work in preventing perioperative hypothermia was not always based on evidence and that there was not enough basis for decision for perioperative heat conservation measures.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Evidence based practice (EBP) is essential to the practice of nursing for purposes of promoting optimal patient outcomes. Research suggests that the implementation of EBP by staff nurses is problematic and influenced by beliefs, nursing leadership and the work environment. The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine variables that describe the relationship among beliefs about EBP, the work environment and nursing leadership on the EBP implementation activities of the staff nurse. The variables of interest were 1) individual staff nurse characteristics, 2) beliefs about EBP, 3) the EBP work environment and 4) nursing leadership for EBP. A descriptive, quantitative method was used. A sample of 422 Registered Nurses from two urban hospitals (one Magnet and one non-Magnet) completed an online 58 item survey that included questions related to individual belief’s about EBP, the EBP work environment and nursing leadership for EBP as well as EBP implementation activities. Education, tenure and Magnet status were not significantly related to EBP implementation activities in either the univariate or multivariate analysis. EBP beliefs had a significantly positive relationship with EBP implementation activities in both the univariate and multivariate analyses. Work environment and nursing leadership support for EBP had significant positive relationships with self-reported implementation activities in only the univariate analysis. The most surprising finding was that there were no differences between Magnet and non-Magnet work environments for EBP implementation scores, yet the Magnet hospitals reported higher means on the EBP Beliefs Scale than the non-Magnet hospital. The results of this have implications for identifying and testing strategies to influence EBP implementation activities through development of nursing leadership skills for EBP and creating a more EBP friendly work environment.