Nas atividades típicas de empresas de mineração que produzem pedra britada para construção civil, conhecidas como pedreiras, é comum a exposição dos empregados a diversos fatores de risco à saúde ou integridade física, exposição que, no Brasil, confere a estes empregados o direito a adicionais de insalubridade ou periculosidade sobre o salário, definidos em lei a partir de diferentes parâmetros técnicos. As controvérsias acerca do pagamento ou não destes adicionais entre os empregadores e os empregados, a exemplo dos demais conflitos entre capital e trabalho, são solucionados no Brasil pela Justiça do Trabalho, sendo a perícia técnica uma das principais ferramentas da qual lançam mão os seus juízes, visando a apuração da efetiva ocorrência da insalubridade ou periculosidade nos ambientes de trabalho. No presente estudo foi realizada a caracterização da insalubridade e periculosidade em pedreiras sob o enfoque pericial, abordando-se para tanto os conceitos e a tipificação legal afeitos ao tema, bem como os principais aspectos da prova pericial técnica e sua contextualização no processo judicial, com o levantamento e análise das características dos ambientes de trabalho e das atividades desenvolvidas pelos empregados neste tipo de mineração. Como resultado, constatou-se a potencial ocorrência de insalubridade e/ou periculosidade em diversas das funções desenvolvidas pelos funcionários de pedreiras, pelo que foram discutidas as possíveis formas de gerenciamento da insalubridade e periculosidade no âmbito da gestão global de segurança destes empreendimentos, culminando na proposta de utilização voluntária e sistemática, por parte das empresas de mineração, das técnicas de levantamento e análise pericial, de forma a contribuir para uma melhor concepção e execução dos diversos programas de segurança e medicina do trabalho exigidos pela legislação brasileira, bem como para a redução dos custos relacionados. / In the typical activities of mining companies that produce crushed stone for civil construction, known as \"quarries\", employees exposition to diverse risk factors, to the health or physical integrity, is common. This kind of exposition, in Brazil, gives to these employees unhealthy or hazard adds on the wage, defined in law from different technical parameters. The controversies concerning the payment of these adds between the employers and the employees, like the other conflicts between capital and labor, are solved in Brazil by the labor justice, and the forensic expert survey is one of the main tools used by the judges for the verification of the effective occurrence of the unhealthy or hazardous situations in labor activities. The present study focus the unhealthy or hazardous situations in quarries under the forensic expert survey, approaching the concepts and the legal definitions of the unhealthy or hazardous situations in labor activities, the main aspects of the expert evidence technique and the judicial proceeding, and the survey and analysis of the typical characteristics of work environments and quarries employees activities. The possible forms of management of the unhealthy or hazardous situations were also discussed, in the scope of the global safety management in quarries, as well as the contribution of raised data in forensic expert survey for the conception of security and health programs, equally demanded for the brazilian legislation.

The objectives of this project are to rate three approaches for deriving effluent requirements; create a prioritized list of improvement steps; apply a watershed-level model to determine treatment plant requirements; and provide recommendations for deriving effluent requirements in Ontario. Results of a two-part stakeholder survey show that until advancements are made, compromise is necessary when selecting an approach for deriving effluent requirements, as no one approach meets all the evaluation criteria. However, the necessary steps toward improvement are relatively clear and require multi-disciplinary input. When the watershed-level modelling approach was applied, it was found that although there are challenges that must be addressed, overall, it appears advantageous to use a tool such as watershed-level models for the purpose of deriving effluent requirements in Ontario. / Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Ontario Graduate Scholarship Program

Nas atividades típicas de empresas de mineração que produzem pedra britada para construção civil, conhecidas como pedreiras, é comum a exposição dos empregados a diversos fatores de risco à saúde ou integridade física, exposição que, no Brasil, confere a estes empregados o direito a adicionais de insalubridade ou periculosidade sobre o salário, definidos em lei a partir de diferentes parâmetros técnicos. As controvérsias acerca do pagamento ou não destes adicionais entre os empregadores e os empregados, a exemplo dos demais conflitos entre capital e trabalho, são solucionados no Brasil pela Justiça do Trabalho, sendo a perícia técnica uma das principais ferramentas da qual lançam mão os seus juízes, visando a apuração da efetiva ocorrência da insalubridade ou periculosidade nos ambientes de trabalho. No presente estudo foi realizada a caracterização da insalubridade e periculosidade em pedreiras sob o enfoque pericial, abordando-se para tanto os conceitos e a tipificação legal afeitos ao tema, bem como os principais aspectos da prova pericial técnica e sua contextualização no processo judicial, com o levantamento e análise das características dos ambientes de trabalho e das atividades desenvolvidas pelos empregados neste tipo de mineração. Como resultado, constatou-se a potencial ocorrência de insalubridade e/ou periculosidade em diversas das funções desenvolvidas pelos funcionários de pedreiras, pelo que foram discutidas as possíveis formas de gerenciamento da insalubridade e periculosidade no âmbito da gestão global de segurança destes empreendimentos, culminando na proposta de utilização voluntária e sistemática, por parte das empresas de mineração, das técnicas de levantamento e análise pericial, de forma a contribuir para uma melhor concepção e execução dos diversos programas de segurança e medicina do trabalho exigidos pela legislação brasileira, bem como para a redução dos custos relacionados. / In the typical activities of mining companies that produce crushed stone for civil construction, known as \"quarries\", employees exposition to diverse risk factors, to the health or physical integrity, is common. This kind of exposition, in Brazil, gives to these employees unhealthy or hazard adds on the wage, defined in law from different technical parameters. The controversies concerning the payment of these adds between the employers and the employees, like the other conflicts between capital and labor, are solved in Brazil by the labor justice, and the forensic expert survey is one of the main tools used by the judges for the verification of the effective occurrence of the unhealthy or hazardous situations in labor activities. The present study focus the unhealthy or hazardous situations in quarries under the forensic expert survey, approaching the concepts and the legal definitions of the unhealthy or hazardous situations in labor activities, the main aspects of the expert evidence technique and the judicial proceeding, and the survey and analysis of the typical characteristics of work environments and quarries employees activities. The possible forms of management of the unhealthy or hazardous situations were also discussed, in the scope of the global safety management in quarries, as well as the contribution of raised data in forensic expert survey for the conception of security and health programs, equally demanded for the brazilian legislation.

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF ANDISIWE STUURMAN, for the Master of Science degree in Geography and Environmental Resources, presented on APRIL 10, 2015, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: AN ASSESSMENT OF ABANDONED MINE RECLAMATION IN SOUTH AFRICA USING A SURVEY OF ENVIRONMENTAL EXPERTS MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Silvia Secchi Abandoned mines are those in which mining activity has ceased and there is no entity or company that can be traced to take responsibility for their maintenance or reclamation. It has been reported that there are approximately 6,150 abandoned mines in South Africa and it is estimated that it will cost $US4.2 billion to rehabilitate these mines over a very long period of time. The South African Department of Mineral Resources has set a reclamation target of 12 abandoned mines per year. This low target is what led to the interest in understanding the dynamics of abandoned mine reclamation in South Africa. An online survey of environmental experts in South Africa was conducted from December 2014 to January 2015 to elicit their opinions on the public's perception of abandoned mine reclamation and to assess whether their views are aligned in terms the cost of reclamation, sources of funding, how to accelerate the process of reclamation and credible sources of information for environmental issues. A total of 54 responses were collected, with good representation of respondents from each province in South Africa although the majority came from Gauteng, Western Cape and Kwa-Zulu Natal. The results of the survey revealed that there are several challenges that are slowing down the process of reclamation in South Africa including limited sources of funding, water resources at risk, and disproportionate ratio of experts between the private and public sector. About 80% of the respondents in the survey said that the public would not be willing to contribute towards a reclamation fund. A majority of the respondents who consider themselves experts in reclamation were of the opinion that the government and the mining industry should be primarily responsible for reclamation. After careful review of the results and other government reports related to reclamation in South Africa, it appears that the establishment of an abandoned mine reclamation fund would be a good policy for South Africa, as would be conducting studies to explore possible funding options, ring-fencing tax money for special purposes such as reclamation of abandoned mines, and developing guidelines and standards for abandoned mine reclamation or land reclamation.

Reduced-impact logging (RIL) was identified as a measure, complementary to other identified measures, which can contribute to Indonesia reducing emissions from forestry and forest degradation (REDD+). In this light, the research was aimed to investigate the economy-wide impact of implementing RIL on the economy, which was studied at the district level. For this purpose, an expert opinion survey method was integrated with Berau computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The expert opinion survey was utilised to: (i) generate information and confirm the impact of implementing RIL on logging costs, and (ii) obtain an estimate of the incentive required by logging companies to maintain the practice of RIL. Results of this approach provided input to the Berau CGE model. In addition, multiple ways of data gathering were employed to develop the dataset required for the general equilibrium analysis. Simulation results suggest that the economic impact of implementing RIL policy is negative but small on the Berau economy compared to a situation where the RIL is not implemented. Worker households (particularly agricultural worker households) are worse off and non-agricultural households are better off. Furthermore, providing compensation, which was simulated as a logging output- based subsidy, can improve the Berau economy, although to only a lesser degree. The RIL policy causes a significant negative impact on logging output which further leads to output reduction in forest-based and pulp & paper industries. The policy implementation, however, simulates production increase in other agricultural activities, notably in oil palm plantation. Furthermore, results simulations with the logging output-based subsidy suggest the magnitude of economic impacts is reduced from what would otherwise occur in the scenario of implementing RIL only (no subsidy is provided). The RIL policy also seems to result in ̳unexpected‘ emissions leakage indicated by increases in output of some agricultural-based activities such as oil palm plantation, other estate crops, and food crops. Increase in emissions is also expected to occur outside the Berau District stimulated by the increase in the District‘s import of timber.

In recent years, artificial light at night is increasingly recognized as a multifaceted problem that is expanding on a global scale. Astronomers were the first to criticize the loss of the dark, star-filled night. In recent years, biologists, physicians, and scientists from many other disciplines have joined the protest against light pollution.

In today's world, where education and training services are commercialized, the question arises about the possibilities and limitations of various didactic techniques. This issue is most relevant for parents of young children. Since the child himself can not give feedback about the impact of this technique on him. In this paper, an attempt is made to investigate the influence of G. Doman's method as a method of introducing into our culture. As diagnostic tools, proving such an impact was used the scale N. Bailey. The object of the study was the process of development of children in early childhood. The subject of the study was the levels of mental, motor and behavioral development. We put forward the hypothesis that the method of G. Doman contributes to a more intensive mental, motor and behavioral development of young children was concretized: this technique promotes expressive communication, the remaining indicators do not exceed the development and are similar to other methods. / В современном мире, где услуги обучения и воспитания коммерционализированы, встает вопрос о возможностях и ограничениях различных дидактических методик. Наиболее актуален этот вопрос для родителей детей раннего возраста. Так как сам ребенок не может дать обратную связь о воздействии такой методики на него. В данной работе предпринята попытка исследовать влияние методики Г. Домана. В качестве диагностического инструментария, доказывающего такое влияние были использованы шкалы Н.Бэйли. Обьектом исследования стал процесс развития детей в раннем детстве. Предметом исследования стали уровни умственного, моторного и поведенческого развития. Выдвинутая нами гипотеза о том, что методика Г.Домана способствует более интенсивному умственному, моторному и поведенческому развитию детей раннего возраста была конкретизирована: данная методика способствует экспрессивной коммуникации, остальные показатели не превышают развитие и аналогичны другим методикам.

In connection with the rapid development of information technology and the emergence of various devices and devices that transmit this information, the question of psychological security that surrounds us and our children, information space. Since cartoons, one of the most preferred children's genres, we investigated the cartoon content most viewed by children of primary school age, as well as conducted a socio-psychological examination of the most popular cartoon among children 7-10 years. The theoretical part of the work covers such issues as the impact of the media on the personality of the child, the child's perception of what is happening on the screen, describes the features of the perception and influence of modern cartoons on the child's personality in modern domestic and foreign psychology. The empirical part reflects the results of the study. The survey showed that watching cartoons is not always controlled by adults, the most preferred cartoons do not correspond to age. Experts have identified cartoons as aggressive, not performing educational functions, not aesthetic. Revealed differences between experts parents and psychologists by age criterion. The results of the work can be applied in work with parents, psychologists, teachers and kindergarten teachers. / В связи со стремительным развитием информационных технологий и появлением различных девайсов и устройств, передающих эту информацию, встает вопрос о психологической безопасности, окружающего нас и наших детей, информационного пространства. Поскольку мультфильмы, один из наиболее предпочитаемых детских жанров, мы исследовали мультипликационный контент наиболее просматриваемый детьми младшего школьного возраста, а также провели социально-психологическую экспертизу наиболее популярного мультфильма среди детей 7-10 лет. В теоретической части работы освещены такие вопросы, как влияние средств массовой информации на личность ребенка, восприятие ребенком происходящего на экране, описаны особенности восприятия и влияния современных мультфильмов на детскую личность в современной отечественной и зарубежной психологии. В эмпирической части отражены результаты исследования. Проведенный опрос показал, что просмотр мультфильмов не всегда контролируется взрослыми, наиболее предпочитаемые мультфильмы не соответствуют возрасту. Эксперты определили мультфильмы как агрессивные, не выполняющие воспитательные функции, не эстетичные. Выявились расхождения между экспертами родителями и психологами по возрастному критерию. Результаты работы могут быть применены в работе с родителями, психологами, педагогами и воспитателями детских садов.

Modern Russian science notes the systematic crisis in the sphere of supplementary children education. GR-technologies are gaining importance in this context as a way to achieve optimum results further education sector development through public investment, taking into account the interests of the business. Author of this dissertation present the results of sociological research of the supplementary child education system in Yekaterinburg. The research is described the effectiveness of GR-technologies in the sphere of providing supplementary education for children. The study was conducted by the method of expert survey. Author surveyed entrepreneurs, public servants, leaders of children organizations of supplementary education in Yekaterinburg. Hypothesis-ground of research supports the following goal: on the one hand that only one third of experts familiar and implements in its activities the GR-technologies and on the other hand improving the quality of the application GR-technologies used by public organizations and business provides high levels of creating favorable conditions for the development system of supplementary children education. / Современная наука и государственный аппарат России фиксируют системный и содержательный кризис сферы дополнительного образования детей. GR-технологии приобретают важное значение как способ достижения оптимальных результатов развития сферы дополнительного образования через государственные инвестиции с учетом интересов бизнеса. Автором магистерской диссертации проведено эмпирическое исследование, в результате которого описана эффективность применения GR-технологий в сфере дополнительного образования детей. Исследование проведено методом экспертного опроса руководителей организаций дополнительного образования детей, бизнеса и властных структур г. Екатеринбурга. Гипотезой-основанием исследования выступает следующее утверждение: с одной стороны опрос экспертов показал, что только треть из них знакома и реализует в своей деятельности GR-технологии, а с другой стороны - именно повышение качества применения GR-технологий в системе дополнительного образования детей обуславливает высокий уровень создания благоприятных условий для развития дополнительного образования детей.