Submitted by Pedro de Camargo Guizelini null (pedroguizepa@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-14T16:56:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Pedro Guizelini - Repositorio.pdf: 2007705 bytes, checksum: d596b79d35b56dca87fdf230055fb823 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-03-14T18:02:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 guizelini_pc_me_rcla.pdf: 1825856 bytes, checksum: ac375acb4fff466e5fdfa4ff2d5c2bf1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-14T18:02:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 guizelini_pc_me_rcla.pdf: 1825856 bytes, checksum: ac375acb4fff466e5fdfa4ff2d5c2bf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / A inclinação da curva força-tempo, obtida durante contrações voluntárias explosivas é definida como taxa de desenvolvimento de força (TDF). Como a TDF reflete a capacidade de desenvolver rapidamente força muscular, ela tem sido considerada uma importante ferramenta para a análise de performance desportiva, principalmente em esportes onde contrações explosivas e/ou ações funcionais (locomoção e manutenção do equilíbrio) são necessárias. Vários protocolos de treinamento com diferentes características (intensidade, número de series, número de repetições, duração) têm produzido melhora significante na TDF. Nesses estudos, vários mecanismos fundamentais para a melhora da TDF foram identificados. No entanto, não há clareza sobre os efeitos que diferentes aspectos do treinamento – tais como o tipo de contração, a velocidade da contração, especificidade de posição corporal entre teste e treinamento e a duração do treinamento - têm sobre a melhora da TDF. Sendo assim, esses aspectos continuam elusivos e são necessárias mais evidências. Então, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a influência do treinamento resistido na TDF em adultos. Adicionalmente, o objetivo da presente meta-análise foi investigar, através da meta regressão, os efeitos das variáveis específicas de treinamento: 1) intenção de realizar o movimento de forma explosiva, independente da velocidade; 2) tipo de treinamento; 3) especificidade; 4) duração total do treinamento na TDF. A busca sistemática na literatura foi realizada em bases de dados eletrônicas desde o início até Marco de 2017, e os estudos descrevendo o efeito do treinamento resistido na TDF em adultos saudáveis foram considerados elegíveis. Dezoito estudos relevantes foram incluídos após a revisão sistemática, compreendendo um total de 527 indivíduos saudáveis. O treinamento resistido proporcionou um efeito benéfico moderado na TDF (% mudança = 27,17, 95%LC 18,22 a 36,81, p < 0,001). O treinamento resistido realizado com ações musculares explosivas e alta velocidade de contração (i.e.,treinamento explosivo) teve um efeito superior na melhora da TDF quando comparado ao treinamento isométrico e de força. No entanto, as contrações musculares explosivas realizadas durante o treinamento de força (i.e., alta carga e baixa velocidade) e o treinamento isométrico não parecem ser capazes de induzir a uma maior melhora de TDF do que o treinamento sem contrações musculares explosivas. Assim, até o momento, ainda não é possível se identificar se a elevada TDF contrátil por si só é o principal estímulo do treinamento para a melhora da TDF na fase inicial da contração (i.e., < 100 ms). / The slope of the moment (force)-time curve recorded during explosive voluntary contractions has been defined as the rate of force development (RFD). The RFD can be measured at different time intervals from the onset of the muscle contraction, and has been classified as RFD early (< 100 ms) and RFD late (> 100 ms). Since RFD reflects the capacity to rapidly develop muscle force, it has been considered an important tool for the analysis of sports performance, specifically in explosive-type sports and functional tasks (e.g. locomotion and postural balance). Several training protocols with different characteristics (intensity, number of sets, number of repetitions, duration) have produced significant improvement in RFD. In these studies, mechanisms have been identified that are important for RFD enhancement after different resistance training protocols. However, there is no clarity about the effects of different training variables – such as contraction type, contraction speed, body position specificity between training and testing and training duration – on RFD. Therefore, these aspects remain elusive and more data is needed. Thus, the purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the general effects of resistance training on RFD in adults. Furthermore, the present meta-analysis, using meta-regression, examines how specific training variables, such as: 1) intention of performing explosive muscle actions irrespective of high velocity movements; 2) training type; 3) specificity; and 4) total training duration affect RFD. A systematic literature search on electronic databases was performed up to March 2017, and the studies describing the resistance training effect on RFD in healthy adults were considered eligible. Eighteen relevant studies were included after systematic review, comprehending a total of 527 healthy individuals. Resistance training yielded a moderate beneficial effect on RFD (% change = 27,17, 95%CI 18,22 to 36,81, p < 0,001). Resistance training performed with explosive muscle actions and high contraction velocity (i.e., explosive training) had a superior effect on RFD improvement, when compared to isometric and strength training. However, explosive muscle contractions performed during strength training (i.e., high loads and low velocity) and isometric training don’t seem to be able to induce a higher RFD improvement when compared to training without explosive muscle contractions. Thus, the actual data does not allow identifying the high contractile RFD per se, as the main training stimulus for early RFD enhancement. (i.e., < 100 ms).

Submitted by Kilvya Braga (kilvyabraga@hotmail.com) on 2018-04-19T14:06:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDREY OLIVEIRA DE SOUZA - TESE (PPGEQ) 2016.pdf: 3632853 bytes, checksum: f5a7eefa8ec61e628514023c54aa4ebb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-19T14:06:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDREY OLIVEIRA DE SOUZA - TESE (PPGEQ) 2016.pdf: 3632853 bytes, checksum: f5a7eefa8ec61e628514023c54aa4ebb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Há muitos anos o risco de explosão e consequentes requisitos legais para classificação de áreas tem sido uma preocupação mundial. A norma brasileira para classificação de área de atmosfera explosiva é uma tradução fiel da norma internacional (IEC 60079-10-1). Diversos autores defendem que os critérios aplicados por esta norma não tem base científica, podendo levar a erros por excesso, ou mesmo a uma falsa impressão de segurança. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver uma alternativa confiável para classificação de área. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido modelo CFD, através do software ANSYS CFX 16.1, validado e parametrizado para ter aplicação possível em ampla faixa de condições de vazamento sônico. Para definir condições de vazamento aleatórias a serem simuladas, utilizou-se a técnica estatística de amostragem multidimensional do Latin Hipercubo, variando-se pressão e temperatura do reservatório, diâmetro do orifício, propriedades dos gases e direção do vazamento em relação à gravidade e vento. Os resultados mostram que o domínio de cálculo deve ser parametrizado em 8 metros de comprimento para cada milímetro de diâmetro da fonte de liberação. A malha deve ser parametrizada com 50 elementos ao longo do diâmetro do orifício, mantendo-se a estrutura hexaédrica em todo o domínio. A gravidade mostrou-se não interferir nos resultados de extensão e volume de atmosfera explosiva em vazamentos sônicos. O desvio de idealidade nas condições do reservatório, previsto pela aplicação da equação de Soave Redlich Kwong, também não influenciou significantemente a previsão de extensão e volume de atmosfera explosiva. A análise das simulações de condições de vazamentos aleatórias permitiu o desenvolvimento de equação integral simples e prática para determinação confiável de extensão de atmosfera explosiva. A consideração da direção do vento nas simulações demonstra que o volume da atmosfera explosiva não estar diretamente relacionado à sua extensão. Por fim, a relação entre o volume hipotético da atmosfera explosiva e seu alcance é aplicada como critério para definir risco de ignição em uma proposta de classificação de área mais confiável, que leve em consideração os efeitos de dispersão. / For many years the risk of explosion and consequent legal requirements for area classification has been a global concern. The Brazilian standard for area classification by explosive atmospheres is a faithful translation of the international standard. Many authors defends that these standard has not a scientific basis, what can causes many mistakes, because of excess or a false impression of safety. Therefore, the present work has as objective to develop a reliable alternative to area classification. For that, was developed a CFD model, by software ANSYS CFX 16.1, validated and parameterized to a great interval of sonic leak. To set random leak conditions to be simulated, it was used a statistical technique of multidimensional sampling (Latin Hipercubo), varying pressure and temperature of reservoir, orifice diameter, gas properties and leak direction relative to gravity and wind. The results show that the calculation domain should be parameterized in 8 meters length for millimeter in diameter from the source of release. The mesh must be parameterized in elements 50 along the hole diameter, while maintaining the hexahedral structure throughout the domain. Gravity proved not interfere in the extension and volume results of explosive atmosphere in sonic leaks. The deviation from ideality at reservoir conditions observed by applying the equation of Soave Redlich Kwong also not significantly influenced the extension and volume of explosive atmosphere. The analysis of simulations of random leaks conditions allowed the development of simple and practical integral equation for reliable determination of explosive atmosphere extension. Consideration of wind direction in the simulations show that the volume of the explosive atmosphere could not be directly related to its length. Finally, the relationship between the hypothetical volume of explosive atmosphere and its extension is applied as a criterion to define the risk of ignition in a proposal for a more reliable area classification, which takes into account the effects of dispersion.

Nesta pesquisa procuramos investigar a animação japonesa como uma máquina para compreendermos como a copresença evolucionária de outros seres — técnicos e animais — potencializa outras compreensões sobre o humano. Com esse posicionamento, procuramos demonstrar como o humanismo, além de se constituir como um modelo filosófico, científico e civilizacional, também propôs uma visão estética sobre o humano. Para realizar uma abertura dessa herança, procuramos traçar uma genealogia do humano e dos objetos técnicos em correlação. A compreensão do anime como uma máquina parte da teoria de Thomas Lamarre, em conjunto com as teorizações de Gilbert Simondon, Félix Guattari e Gilles Deleuze. O viés da análise tem o pressuposto de que, se a construção da animação se dá por layers, ou camadas que misturam diferentes técnicas e perspectivas visuais, poderíamos dizer que elas revelam a suis generis de pensamento em ação na animação. O humano também é pensado como uma construção, assim a relação de explosão do humanismo e da implosão do antropocentrismo visa desterritorializar o humano nos seus componentes teóricos e poéticos. O surgimento da teoria pós-humanista foi inicialmente pavimentado graças à desterritorialização posta sobre o humano no pós-estruturalismo. Para aprofundar esse argumento partimos da herança em Nietzsche e Derrida até autores pós-humanistas como Donna Haraway, Cary Wolfe, Rosi Braidotti e Stefan Herbrechter. Após estabelecermos um panorama da animação de ficção científica no Japão, iremos nos debruçar na análise das animações Rebuild of Evangelion 3.0: You Can (Not) Redo (2012) dirigida por Hideaki Anno e Ghost in the Shell: Innocence (2004) dirigida por Mamoru Oshii. De uma maneira geral a pesquisa foi dividida em três seções: pós-humanismo e techno-poética, máquina anímica e visões explosivas do humano. Na primeira, procuramos evidenciar uma genealogia do humano com atenção à sua coevolução e historicidade com os objetos técnicos, estabelecendo relações entre regimes de pensamento e estese. A segunda seção diz respeito às configurações da máquina anímica, suas relações com a tradição estética japonesa e com elementos da estética humanista, tal qual a perspectiva cartesiana. Procuramos demonstrar a existência de outros modelos visuais como uma abertura da heterogênese da máquina. A terceira seção é na qual iremos analisar as visões explosivas do humano na animação japonesa através das categorias analíticas propostas por Lamarre. Nossa hipótese é demonstrar como a máquina anímica poderia permitir uma heterogênese pós-humana através da dobra comunicacional do intervalo anímico. / In this research, we seek to investigate Japanese animation as a machine to understand how the evolutionary coo presence of other beings — technical and animal — enhances new understandings about the human. With this position, we try to demonstrate how humanism, besides constituting itself as a philosophical, scientific and civilizational model, also proposed an aesthetic vision about the human. To open this inheritance, we traced the genealogy of human and technical objects in correlation. The understanding of anime as a machine starts with the theory of Thomas Lamarre, together with the theorizations of Gilbert Simondon, Felix Guattari and Gilles Deleuze. Our analysis approach has the assumption that if the construction of the animation is made of layers that mix different techniques and visual perspectives, we could say that they reveal the suis generis of thought in action in the animation. We affirm that the human is a construction, so the relation of humanism explosion and the implosion of anthropocentrism aims to deterritorialize the human in its theoretical and techno-poetic components. The emergence of post-humanist theory has a debt to the deterritorialization put on the human in the post-structuralist theory. To deepen this argument we start from the inheritance in Nietzsche and Derrida to posthumanist authors like Donna Haraway, Cary Wolfe, Rosi Braidotti and Stefan Herbrechter. After we stablished an overview of science fiction animation in Japan, we will focus our analyses with the animations Rebuild of Evangelion 3.0: You Can (Not) Redo (2012) directed by Hideaki Anno and Ghost in the Shell: Innocence (2004) directed by Mamoru Oshii. In general, the research was divided into three sections: posthumanism and techno-poetics, the animetic machine and explosive visions of the human. In the first, we try to show a genealogy of the human with attention to its coevolution and historicity with the technical objects, establishing relations between regimes of thought and aesthetic. The second section concerns the configurations of the animetic machine, its relations with the Japanese aesthetic tradition, and elements of humanistic aesthetics, such as the Cartesian perspective. We try to demonstrate the existence of other visual models as an opening of the heterogenesis of the animetic machine. The third section is where we will analyze the explosive visions of the human in Japanese animation through the analytical categories proposed by Lamarre. Our hypothesis is to demonstrate how the animetic machine could allow a post-human heterogenesis through the communication fold of the animetic interval.

abstract: Assessments for the threats posed by volcanic eruptions rely in large part on the accurate prediction of volcanic plume motion over time. That predictive capacity is currently hindered by a limited understanding of volcanic plume dynamics. While eruption rate is considered a dominant control on volcanic plume dynamics, the effects of variable eruption rates on plume rise and evolution are not well understood. To address this aspect of plume dynamics, I conducted an experimental investigation wherein I quantified the relationship between laboratory jet development and highly-variable discharge rates under conditions analogous to those which may prevail in unsteady, short-lived explosive eruptions. I created turbulent jets in the laboratory by releasing pressurized water into a tank of still water. I then measured the resultant jet growth over time using simple video images and particle image velocimetry (PIV). I investigated jet behavior over a range of jet Reynolds numbers which overlaps with estimates of Reynolds numbers for short-duration volcanic plumes. By analysis of the jet boundary and velocity field evolution, I discovered a direct relationship between changes in vent conditions and jet evolution. Jet behavior evolved through a sequence of three stages - jet-like, transitional, and puff-like - that correlate with three main injection phases - acceleration, deceleration and off. While the source was off, jets were characterized by relatively constant internal velocity distributions and flow propagation followed that of a classical puff. However, while the source was on, the flow properties - both in the flows themselves and in the induced ambient flow - changed abruptly with changes at the source. On the basis of my findings for unsteady laboratory jets, I conclude that variable eruption rates with characteristic time scales close to eruption duration have first-order control over volcanic plume evolution. Prior to my study, the significance of this variation was largely uncharacterized as the volcanology community predominately uses steady eruption models for interpretation and prediction of activity. My results suggest that unsteady models are necessary to accurately interpret behavior and assess threats from unsteady, short-lived eruptions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Geological Sciences 2012

Orientador: Miguel de Arruda / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T21:43:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lazari_EvandroCassianode_M.pdf: 783293 bytes, checksum: e183889dd2fabf9f4b6e14429cc9ac7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Acompanhar a contribuição das variáveis de crescimento físico, maturacionais e de qualidade óssea nas mudanças do desempenho motor em atletas iniciantes no atletismo de ambos os sexos, é um fator de extrema necessidade para buscar sustentação de performance esportiva, na perspectiva da carreira desportiva de jovens atletas. Foram participantes deste acompanhamento jovens atletas, nas faixas etárias de 12 a 15 anos pertencentes à Organização Funilense de Atletismo nas categorias iniciais de idade em ambos os sexos. Foram acompanhados os indicadores de crescimento físico através da antropometria, dos indicadores maturacionais pela maturação sexual, dos indicadores de qualidade óssea e os desempenhos motores anaeróbios, com testes específicos para cada subdivisão destes indicadores fisiológicos. Os desempenhos das manifestações da força motora foram explorados nos indicadores de Força Explosiva (FE), Força Explosiva Elástica (FEE), e Força Explosiva Elástica Reflexa (FEER) verificados à partir dos testes de salto vertical, com as técnicas: Squat Jump (SJ), Counter Moviment Jump (CMJ) e Counter Moviment Jump em 5 segundos (CJ5s). Os indicadores de velocidade motora foram acompanhados através dos testes de velocidade máxima (30m). As variáveis que caracterizaram a composição corporal foram: massa corporal magra (MCM); área muscular da coxa (AMCX), através de medidas de massa corporal, comprimentos, larguras ósseas, diâmetros e dobras cutâneas. Os participantes se auto-avaliaram maturacionalmente conforme a classificação maturacional sexual de Tanner. A experiência e o tempo de treinamento foram compreendidos na quantidade de anos de treinamento e o tipo de competição vivenciada. Os resultados encontrados foram que no relacionamento do aumento no desempenho motor com o avanço da maturação e do crescimento físico, os jovens respondem às mudanças particulares de cada componente ao treinamento, apresentando períodos críticos, que são particularmente sensíveis às mudanças específicas de cada componente com o treinamento desportivo / Abstract: Monitor the contribution of physical growth variables, maturation and bone quality changes in motor performance of athletes in athletics beginners of both genders, is a factor in dire need to seek support for sports performance in view of the sporting careers of young athletes. The subjects of this study were young athletes, at 12 to 15 years belonging to the Organização Funilense de Atletismo initial categories of age in both sexes. They were accompanied by indicators of physical growth by anthropometry, maturity indicators of the sexual maturation of the indicators of bone quality and performance engines anaerobes, with specific tests for each subdivision of these physiological indicators. The manifestations performances of motor strength indicators were explored in Explosive Strength (ES), Elastic Explosive Strength (EE)S, and Explosive Elastic Reflection Strength (EERS) observed from the tests of vertical jump, with the techniques: Squat Jump (SJ), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) and Counter Movement Jump in 5 seconds (CJ5s). The motor speed indicators were monitored through the tests of speed (30m). The variables that characterize the body composition were: lean body mass (LBM), thigh area (TA) using measures of body weight, length, bone width, diameters and skinfolds. The participants evaluated themselves as the maturational sexual maturity rating of Tanner. The experience and training time were included in the amount of years of training and type of competition experienced. The results showed that the relationship of the increase in motor performance with advancing maturation and physical growth, young people respond to particular changes of each component to training, with critical periods, which are particularly sensitive to changes specific to each component with the sports training / Mestrado / Ciencia do Desporto / Mestre em Educação Física

Plyometric training has always been a topic of interest in terms of sport perfor-mance enhancement and development. The most relevant and up-to-date data has been reviewed to try to answer the question “what kind of plyometric training to use” to improve ones’ performance. The present study demonstrates the use of re-active strength index (RSI) and force-velocity profiling. In the text there is also a presentations of common jumping tests that help practitioners to establish a profile of an athlete. Main findings of this study are: general strength should be developed alongside reactive strength qualities, plyometric training optimized and guided by RSI is highly effective in improving reactive strength ability, demands of a sport determine the manner in which plyometric exercises should be performed, RSI can be used as a representation of neuromuscular fatigue, force-velocity (F-v) approach may help improve the training practice for performance in explosive push-off ac-tions like jumping, through a more efficient monitoring and understanding of the individual determinants of athletic performance, showing the sensitivity of the F-v profile to specific training programs can result in either maximal force or velocity capabilities improvements (determination of F-v imbalances or FVimb) – which is termed “optimized training” and it has been found that an optimized and individu-alized training program specifically addressing the FVimb is more efficient for im-proving jumping performance than traditional resistance training.

Abstract available in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

No description available.

Title: Local and global effect of sub-maximal squat on post-activation enhancement of muscle power output. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to determine whether the phenomenon of post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) manifests locally or globally in terms of improved muscle power output. That is, to determine whether activation of a complex muscle chain will lead to improvements in the muscle power output of other muscle groups and muscle groups included in the activated muscle chain. In this way, to indicate the relationship between global and local physiological mechanisms causing PAPE. Methods: The quasi-experimental method and the method of analysis were used in this work. Eleven basketball players aged 18-28 years completed two measurements in random order. The measurements started with a non-specific warm-up followed by a pre- activation test (pre-CA) to obtain baseline values. Next, the players performed a specific warm-up and activation exercise (CA) in the form of a squat with an intensity of 2 × 4 × 90 % of one repetition maximum (OM) with a rest interval of 3 min. After the activation exercise, post-CA values were measured at minutes 5, 8 and 11 on force plates and at minutes 6, 9 and 12 on an isokinetic dynamometer (IKD). Pre-CA and post-CA test of the protocol one...

<div>Due to the inherent dangers associated with handling high explosive materials, it is often useful to have access to inert simulant materials that mimic certain physical or mechanical properties, called "mock" materials. Mock materials can take the place of explosives in experiments, allowing experimental results to be obtained with less difficulty and risk. Recently there has been an interest in identifying new mechanical mock materials for the explosives HMX and PETN. These energetic materials and their prospective mocks are often used and tested in the form of small submillimeter crystals, with which typical size and geometry make many mechanical tests difficult or impossible. Additionally, these materials are typically prone to brittle fracture, which can further limit the usage conditions of the material as well as the range of conditions in which mechanical testing results are valid. Nanoindentation is a useful technique to measure mechanical properties in particulate form without the need to grow large single crystals or do additional processing on existing crystals.</div><div><br></div><div>Here, nanoindentation tests were performed on PETN, HMX, and several inert molecular crystals selected as potential mocks based on density, crystal structure, and previous thermal testing results. Comparisons were made on the basis of hardness, elastic modulus, yield point behavior, indentation fracture response, and sensitivity to non-uniform indenter orientation. Based on the results of these experiments, the inert material idoxuridine was selected for further consideration as an HMX mock, and the inert materials meso-erythritol and 2,4,6 trifluorobenzoic acid were selected for further consideration as PETN mocks.</div><div><br></div><div>As a result of this study, potential mechanical mocks were selected for two energetic materials, nanomechanical properties were reported for the first time ever for 6 inert molecular crystals, and nanoindentation was shown to be a versatile tool for rapid initial screening of materials as well as detailed investigations of materials of interest. <br></div>