Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:30:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 381452.pdf: 2032428 bytes, checksum: 03c32727b22736414d713a7c6c63acdf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-05 / As fissuras labiopalatinas (FLP) s?o as malforma??es craniofaciais mais comuns em seres humanos. Sua etiologia ? complexa, envolvendo tanto fatores gen?ticos quanto ambientais. As fissuras labiopalatinas em pacientes n?o-sindr?micos (FLP-NS) parecem ter uma etiologia distinta das FLP associadas a alguma s?ndrome. Desde o final da d?cada de 1980, s?o realizadas pesquisas com o objetivo de testar genes que atuem na etiologia das FLP-NS, entre eles o TGFA (fator transformador de crescimento epitelial alfa). O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar o polimorfismo TGFA/Taq I em pacientes portadores de FLP-NS, comparando os resultados obtidos com uma amostra controle de indiv?duos sem fissuras para averiguar a aus?ncia ou a presen?a da muta??o g?nica nesse l?cus. Al?m disso, foi feita a compara??o entre as t?cnicas de extra??o de DNA obtidas atrav?s de sangue perif?rico e swab bucal. A extra??o de DNA a partir de swab bucal se mostrou eficaz na determina??o genot?pica do l?cus TGFA e prop?cia para a coleta em popula??es com FLP. Muta??es no gene TGFA n?o est?o associadas ? FLP-NS na amostra da popula??o do Rio Grande do Sul estudada n?o sendo, ent?o, poss?vel concluir qual seria o papel do TGFA na express?o da FLP-NS.

In a world which continuously becomes more globalised, the need to adapt one's language depending on context becomes increasingly important. This is acknowledged in the Swedish syllabus for the upper-secondary school, which emphasises communicative competence and the need to adapt to situation and hearer. This study uses a foundation based on politeness theory, where the act of requesting is considered a threat to the notion of face. The concept of face that is being used is based on the work of Brown and Levinson (1987) and the idea is that everyone has a positive- and negative face where the former is the need for one’s self-image to be respected and the latter is the freedom to act without imposition from others. By role-playing different scenarios, the participants of the study, all students of the English 7 course, were asked to perform requests which varied in imposition and which targeted hearers of different statuses. The results were analysed using a qualitative approach, which leads to the conclusion that half of the six participants adapted their language appropriately to the communicative situation. Those three had managed to show an increase in face-saving acts where the imposition was greater, or the hearer was of a higher status. That only half of the participants managed to do this shows a lack of success in teaching the students the necessary pragmatic skills encoded in the syllabus and more focused studies in this area are recommended to address this issue. Due to the small number of participants, further studies are needed to fully confirm the results presented in this study.

The aim of this Master’s thesis is to examine how librarians in two Swedish public libraries view the subject of face-front marketing and literary hierarchy. The questions posed in this thesis are: How do two public libraries in Sweden market fictional literature? Which literature does get marketed? How do the librarians view fictional literature? How do the librarians view marketing? and Does Herbert Gans’ literary scale work to examine the marketing of fictional literature in two Swedish public libraries? The theoretical starting-points are Niels Ole Pors’ thoughts on stock development, Philip Kotler’s thoughts on the responsible non-profit organisation and Herbert Gans’ thoughts on taste-publics and taste-cultures. The empirical material was gathered through qualitative interviews with library staff in two public libraries in the south of Sweden, and by reading a sample of the fictional literature exposed in these libraries. This material was then analyzed using the theories listed above. Results showed that librarians in public libraries in similar sized communities have very different ideas on which literature that should be marketed through face-front marketing, but they use the same argument as to why they choose to expose a certain kind of literature.

O Reconhecimento de faces consiste em, a partir de uma imagem, identificar ou verificar um ou mais indivíduos através de um banco de dados de faces. O reconhecimento de faces é uma tarefa de grande interesse, principalmente pelo grande número de possíveis aplicações. Dessa forma, existem diversos métodos para lidar com o problema. No entanto, apesar da maioria dos métodos conseguirem bons resultados em ambientes controlados, quando há variações de iluminação, pose ou expressão facial, esse desempenho é reduzido. Buscando lidar com as dificuldades existentes, este trabalho propõe um método para o reconhecimento de faces utilizando os conjuntos-K. Os conjuntos-K são modelos conexionistas baseados em populações de neurônios, concebidos através de estudos e análises do sistema olfativo animal. Estes modelos apresentam estrutura e comportamento biologicamente mais plausíveis que os modelos tradicionais de redes neurais. Os conjuntos-K vêm sendo usados em diversas tarefas de aprendizado de máquina, apresentando bons resultados principalmente na resolução de problemas complexos ou com ruídos. Devido ao grande potencial dos conjuntos-K para reconhecimento de padrões em ambientes complexos e ruidosos, é levantada a hipótese de que um método baseado nos conjuntos-K alcance um melhor desempenho que os métodos existentes na literatura. O método proposto foi avaliado utilizando dois bancos de dados, AT&T e Yale B, o primeiro com pequenas variações em relação a pose e expressão facial e o segundo com grandes variações de iluminação fornecendo um cenário mais complexo. Os resultados mostraram que o método proposto consegue um desempenho equivalente ou um pouco inferior que os outros métodos avaliados para o primeiro banco de dados. Porém, para o segundo banco de dados, que fornece o cenário mais complexo, o método proposto supera os demais métodos. / Face recognition consists of, from a picture, identifying or checking one or more individuals through a face database. Face recognition is an interesting task mainly because of the large number of possible applications. This way, there are various methods to deal with the problem. However, although most methods achieve good results in controlled environments, when there are lighting, pose or facial expression variations, this performance is reduced. Seeking to deal with the existing difficulties, this work proposes a method for recognizing faces using K-sets. The K-sets are connectionist models based on neuron populations, designed from studies and analyses of the animal olfactory system. These models present more biologically plausible structure and behavior than traditional neural network models. K-sets have been used in various machine learning tasks with good results, mainly in the resolution of complex or noisy problems. Due to the great potential of K-sets for pattern recognition in complex and noisy environments, a hypothesis is raised that a method based on K-sets achieves a better performance than existing methods. The proposed method was evaluated using two databases, AT&T and Yale B, the first with small variations of pose and facial expressions and the second with large variations in illumination providing a more complex scenario. The results show that the proposed method achieve an equivalent or slightly lower performance than the other methods evaluated for the first database. However, for the second database, which provides the more complex scenario, the proposed method outperforms the other methods.

This thesis uses a model of honour to make sense of Paul's response to the situation in Galatians as he describes it in Galatians 6.12-15. We argue that the use of εὐpieροsigmaωpieέω at 6.12, and its close proximity to kappaalphaυχάομalphaι in the following verses, highlights that honour concern is present in this situation. We assess this by considering face, a term used by social theorists to describe the 'self as it appears to others', and facework, the strategies for maintaining and managing such - this is considered both as a social-scientific model and as a concept within ancient Mediterranean culture. This argument holds that Paul contradicts the opponents' seeking of 'good face' (εὐpieροsigmaωpieέω) as it is in direct contrast to what we term God's 'prosopagnosia' - pieρόsigmaωpieον [ὁ] θεὸς ἀνθρώpieου οὐ Gammaalphaμβάνει (2.6), and to his own position, which is to 'boast in the cross' (6.14). We read the idea of the boast in the cross as Paul's attempt to reconfigure honour within the Christian assemblies of Galatia, a reconfiguring that centralises Christ's disregard for common perceptions of honour, exemplified in his crucifixion. This approach then makes sense of Paul's autobiographical data as his own attempt to model Christ's 'prosopagnosia' and similarly reads the data in 5.13-6.10 as Paul's exhortation that the community live in this manner.

Pun Kwok Ho. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-111). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Introduction to Biometrics --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Face Recognition in General --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Typical Face Recognition Systems --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Face Database and Evaluation Protocol --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Evaluation Metrics --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Characteristics of Mobile Devices --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2 --- Motivation and Objectives --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3 --- Major Contributions --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Optimization Framework --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Real Time Principal Component Analysis --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Real Time Elastic Bunch Graph Matching --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Organization --- p.15 / Chapter 2. --- Related Work --- p.16 / Chapter 2.1 --- Face Recognition for Desktop Computers --- p.16 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Global Feature Based Systems --- p.16 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Local Feature Based Systems --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Commercial Systems --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2 --- Biometrics on Mobile Devices --- p.22 / Chapter 3. --- Optimization Framework --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2 --- Levels of Optimization --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Algorithm Level --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Code Level --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Instruction Level --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Architecture Level --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3 --- General Optimization Workflow --- p.29 / Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.31 / Chapter 4. --- Real Time Principal Component Analysis --- p.32 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.32 / Chapter 4.2 --- System Overview --- p.33 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Image Preprocessing --- p.33 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- PCA Subspace Training --- p.34 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- PCA Subspace Projection --- p.36 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Template Matching --- p.36 / Chapter 4.3 --- Optimization using Fixed-point Arithmetic --- p.37 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Profiling Analysis --- p.37 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Fixed-point Representation --- p.38 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Range Estimation --- p.39 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Code Conversion --- p.42 / Chapter 4.4 --- Experiments and Discussions --- p.43 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Experiment Setup --- p.43 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Execution Time --- p.44 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Space Requirement --- p.45 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Verification Accuracy --- p.45 / Chapter 5. --- Real Time Elastic Bunch Graph Matching --- p.49 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.49 / Chapter 5.2 --- System Overview --- p.50 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Image Preprocessing --- p.50 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Landmark Localization --- p.51 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Feature Extraction --- p.52 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Template Matching --- p.53 / Chapter 5.3 --- Optimization Overview --- p.54 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Computation Optimization --- p.55 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Memory Optimization --- p.56 / Chapter 5.4 --- Optimization Strategies --- p.58 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Fixed-point Arithmetic --- p.60 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Gabor Masks and Bunch Graphs Precomputation --- p.66 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Improving Array Access Efficiency using ID array --- p.68 / Chapter 5.4.4 --- Efficient Gabor Filter Selection --- p.75 / Chapter 5.4.5 --- Fine Tuning System Cache Policy --- p.79 / Chapter 5.4.6 --- Reducing Redundant Memory Access by Loop Merging --- p.80 / Chapter 5.4.7 --- Maximizing Cache Reuse by Array Merging --- p.90 / Chapter 5.4.8 --- Optimization of Trigonometric Functions using Table Lookup. --- p.97 / Chapter 5.5 --- Summary --- p.99 / Chapter 6. --- Conclusions --- p.103 / Chapter 7. --- Bibliography --- p.106

The first approach, described in the first part of this thesis, studies 3D face modeling from multi-views. Today human face modeling and animation techniques are widely used to generate virtual characters and models. Such characters and models are used in movies, computer games, advertising, news broadcasting and other activities. We propose an efficient method to estimate the poses, the global shape and the local structures of a human head recorded in multiple face images or a video sequence by using a generic wireframe face model. Based on this newly proposed method, we have successfully developed a pose invariant face recognition system and a pose invariant face contour extraction method. / The objective of this thesis is to model and render complex scenes or objects from multiple images taken from different viewpoints. Two approaches to achieve this objective were investigated in this thesis. The first one is for known objects with prior geometrical models, which can be deformed to match the objects recorded in multiple input images. The second one is for general scenes or objects without prior geometrical models. / The proposed algorithms in this thesis were tested on many real and synthetic data. The experimental results illustrate their efficiency and limitations. / The second approach, described in the second part of this thesis, investigates 3D modeling and rendering for general complex scenes. The entertainment industry touches hundreds of millions of people every day, and synthetic pictures and 3D reconstruction of real scenes, often mixed with actual film footage, are now common place in computer games, sports broadcasting, TV advertising and feature films. A series of techniques has been developed to complete this task. First, a new view-ordering algorithm was proposed to organize and order an unorganized image database. Second, a novel and efficient multiview feature matching approach was developed to calibrate and track all views. Finally, both match propagation based and Bayesian based methods were developed to produce 3D scene models for rendering. / Yao Jian. / "September 2006." / Adviser: Wai-Kuen Chan. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-03, Section: B, page: 1849. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-181). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Submitted by Márcio Ropke (ropke13marcio@gmail.com) on 2017-07-12T13:16:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Frequência e variáveis associadas a casos de violência na infância e.pdf: 1089619 bytes, checksum: 5c06148596ae9aa89aa597db52e82c5b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-12T13:16:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Frequência e variáveis associadas a casos de violência na infância e.pdf: 1089619 bytes, checksum: 5c06148596ae9aa89aa597db52e82c5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / Sem bolsa / A violência é reconhecida como um importante problema de saúde pública. A criança e o adolescente são vítimas frequentes de atos abusivos. Em razão do envolvimento frequente de estruturas da região de cabeça/pescoço e da cavidade bucal, as manifestações físicas colocam o cirurgião-dentista, em uma posição privilegiada para a identificação de vítimas de violência. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar, por meio dos registros de exames de corpo de delito, do Departamento Médico Legal, no município de Pelotas/RS, o perfil das crianças e adolescentes vítimas de casos de violência e avaliar a prevalência e características de lesões de cabeça e pescoço, bem como realizar uma revisão sistemática a respeito do conhecimento, atitudes e experiências dos estudantes de Odontologia em relação aos casos de violência contra crianças e adolescentes. Foram avaliados laudos médicos de crianças e adolescentes (0-19 anos), que realizaram exame de corpo de delito durante o período de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2015, que apresentaram ofensa à integridade e/ou saúde da vítima. Neste estudo, 2.717 crianças e adolescentes foram submetidos a exame de corpo de delito, com um total de 2.172 exames resultantes de violência; lesões que tiveram como etiologia a agressão física (1.952) apresentaram maior prevalência. A análise das vítimas revelou que a maioria era branca (74.77%) e do sexo feminino (50.23%), com idade média de 14,63. A região da cabeça e pescoço foi afetada na maioria dos casos de violência (57.92%). Após o ajuste, a ocorrência de violência foi positivamente associada ao sexo feminino (PR 1.12, IC 95% 1.08-1.17), os grupos etários de 11-15 anos (RP 1.29, IC 95% 1.14-1.47) e 16-19 anos (PR 1.15, IC 95% 1.01-1.30) e lesões na região da cabeça e pescoço (RP 1.23, IC 95% 1.18-1.29). Em relação a revisão sistemática as bases de dados Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS e Scielo foram pesquisadas, não houve restrição de ano e idioma, 16 artigos foram incluídos no estudo. Dos estudos avaliados, todos mostraram que os estudantes de Odontologia têm conhecimento sobre casos de violência contra crianças e adolescentes, apesar das deficiências em relação ao diagnóstico e denúncia. Verificou-se que os alunos que se encontravam em períodos mais avançados apresentaram melhores conhecimentos se comparados aos níveis anteriores. Os achados deste estudo, reafirmam a importância do cirurgião- dentista no diagnóstico e denúncia de suspeitas de abuso infantil, realizando um atendimento integral ao paciente. / Violence is recognized as a major public health problem. Children and adolescents are frequent victims of abusive acts. Due to the frequent involvement of structures in the head / neck region and the oral cavity, the physical manifestations place the dental surgeon in a privileged position to identify victims of violence. The objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of children and adolescents victims of violence and to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of head and neck injuries, through the records of body of crime examinations of the Legal Medical Department, in the city of Pelotas, as well as to carry out a systematic review regarding the knowledge, attitudes and experiences of dentistry students in relation to cases of violence against children and adolescents. The medical reports of children and adolescents (0-19 years old), who underwent examination of the offender's body during the period January 2011 to December 2015, that presented an offense to the integrity and / or health of the victim were evaluated. In this study, 2.717 children and adolescents were submitted to a body of crime, with a total of 2.172 exams resulting from violence; Lesions that had as etiology the physical aggression (1,952) presented higher prevalence. The analysis of the victims revealed that the majority were white (74.77%) and female (50.23%), with a mean age of 14.63. The head and neck region was affected in most cases of violence (57.92%). After adjustment, the occurrence of violence was positively associated with female gender (PR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08-1.17), age groups of 11-15 years (RP 1.29, CI 95% 1.14-1.47), and 16-19 years (PR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.30) and lesions in the head and neck region (RP 1.23, 95% CI 1.18-1.29). In relation to the systematic review, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS and Scielo databases were searched, there was no restriction of year and language, 16 articles were included in the study. From the studies evaluated, all showed that dentistry students are aware of cases of violence against children and adolescents, despite deficiencies in relation to diagnosis and denunciation. It was verified that the students who were in more advanced periods presented better knowledge when compared to the previous levels. The findings of this study reaffirm the importance of the dental surgeon in the diagnosis and denunciation of suspected child abuse, performing integral care to the patient.

Orientador: Anna Diva Plasencia Lotufo / Co-orientador: Jorge Manuel M. C. Pereira Batista / Banca: Carlos Roberto Minussi / Banca: Ricardo Luiz Barros de Freitas / Banca: Díbio Leandro Borges / Banca: Gelson da Cruz Junior / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar o reconhecimento de identidade por meio de um método baseado nos Sistemas Imunológicos Artificiais de Seleção Negativa. Para isso, foram explorados os tipos de recursos e alternativas adequadas para a análise de expressões faciais 3D, abordando a técnica de Padrão Binário que tem sido aplicada com sucesso para o problema 2D. Inicialmente, a geometria facial 3D foi convertida em duas representações em 2D, a Depth Map e a APDI, que foram implementadas com uma variedade de tipos de recursos, tais como o Local Phase Quantisers, Gabor Filters e Monogenic Filters, a fim de produzir alguns descritores para então fazer-se a análise de expressões faciais. Posteriormente, aplica-se o Algoritmo de Seleção Negativa onde são realizadas comparações e análises entre as imagens e os detectores previamente criados. Havendo afinidade entre as imagens previamente estabelecidas pelo operador, a imagem é classificada. Esta classificação é chamada de casamento. Por fim, para validar e avaliar o desempenho do método foram realizados testes com imagens diretamente da base de dados e posteriormente com dez descritores desenvolvidos a partir dos padrões binários. Esses tipos de testes foram realizados tendo em vista três objetivos: avaliar quais os melhores descritores e as melhores expressões para se realizar o reconhecimento de identidade e, por fim, validar o desempenho da nova solução de reconhecimento de identidades baseado nos Sistemas Imunológicos Artificiais. Os resultados obtidos pelo método apresentaram eficiência, robustez e precisão no reconhecimento de identidade facial / Abstract: This work aims to perform the identity recognition by a method based on Artificial Immune Systems, the Negative Selection Algorithm. Thus, the resources and adequate alternatives for analyzing 3D facial expressions were explored, exploring the Binary Pattern technique that is successfully applied for the 2D problem. Firstly, the 3D facial geometry was converted in two 2D representations. The Depth Map and the Azimuthal Projection Distance Image were implemented with other resources such as the Local Phase Quantisers, Gabor Filters and Monogenic Filters to produce descriptors to perform the facial expression analysis. Afterwards, the Negative Selection Algorithm is applied, and comparisons and analysis with the images and the detectors previously created are done. If there is affinity with the images, than the image is classified. This classification is called matching. Finally, to validate and evaluate the performance of the method, tests were realized with images from the database and after with ten descriptors developed from the binary patterns. These tests aim to: evaluate which are the best descriptors and the best expressions to recognize the identities, and to validate the performance of the new solution of identity recognition based on Artificial Immune Systems. The results show efficiency, robustness and precision in recognizing facial identity / Doutor

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