Orientador : Heloisa A. de Lima Castro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T14:38:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hebling_Andre_M.pdf: 1396405 bytes, checksum: 27d7420746e808e6e1fe36178d1364fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: O músculo frontal humano possui dois ventres, compondo, juntamente com o músculo occipital e a gálea aponeurótica, o músculo occipitofronta1; sendo um músculo estriado esquelético, o músculo ftontal pode apresentar fibras musculares com alta intensidade de oxidação (tipo I) e com baixa intensidade de oxidação (tipo II). O uso de processo histoquímico, por meio de reações químicas orgânicas ou inorgânicas, permite obter um produto visível à microscopia óptica. O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar, por meio de processo histoquímico de reação de Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Tetra zolium Redutase (NADH- TR) associado a morfometria, a distn1mição histoquímica do número de fibras do tipo I e II do músculo frontal de coelhos da raça NorfoJk inglesa, do sexo feminino, com idade de seis a oito meses, pesando de 2,8 a 3,1 Kg. Do total de 1010 fibras estudadas, o percentual de fibras encontradas foi de 33,8 % para o tipo I, de 17,4 % para o tipo II A e de 48,8 % para o tipo II B. A maioria das fibras encontradas era do tipo lI, demonstrando a intensa atividade desse músculo na mímica facial. As fibras do tipo II apresentam baixa intensidade oxidativa, sendo assim, passíveis de sofrerem fadiga muscular. Esses achados podem auxiliar nos estudos de miopatias que possam ocorrer nesse músculo / Abstract: The human frontal muscles has two bellies, forming, together with the occipital muscle and the aponeurotic galea, the occipitoftontal muscle. Being a striated skeletal muscle, the frontal muscle can show muscular fibers with high intensity oxidation (type I) and with low intensity oxidation (type lI). A histochemical process using organic and inorganic chemical reactions allows us to obtain a product that is visible through optical microscopy. The purpose of this paper is to determine, by means of the histochemical process of the Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Tetra-zolium Reductase (NADH- TR) reaction associated to morphometrics, the histochemical distribution of the number of the type I and 11 ftontal muscle fibers of female, six to eight months old, 2.8 to 3.1 Kg English NorfoIk rabbits. In 1010 fibers studied, we found 33.8% type I, 17.4% type lIA and 48.8% type TIB. The majority of fibers were type 11, demonstrating this muscle's intense activity during faeia! mimicking. Type 11 fibers showed a reduced oxidative intensity, which made them subject to muscular fatigue. These findings may be of help in the study of myopathies that may occur in this muscle / Mestrado / Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental

Orientador : Manoel Carlos Muller de Araujo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T12:42:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bresolin_Dante_M.pdf: 2221538 bytes, checksum: f3b7bd626a14411cdac0f788fcac582f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1972 / Resumo: O ensino e a prática da Ortodontia exigem a participação ativa e dinâmica de um grande número de informações de outras ciências cujos objetivos são, de um modo ou outro, relacionados à mesma. O ortodontista usa o homem como material de trabalho, estando relacionado, principalmente, com suas características físicas, o que, por outro lado, coincide com um dos objetivos da Antropologia, a ciência do Homem e suas obras* Isso estabelece por si mesmo uma união natural entre a Ortodontia e a Antropologia, com especial ênfase nos aspectos físicos da última. Os estudos feitos pelos antropólogos físicos podem ser orientados no sentido de obter melhorias para o bem estar físico, mental e social do ser humano e, do mesmo modo, ser aplicados à análise, planejamento e tratamento das desarmonias oclusais da dentição humana. De acordo com isso, é fácil observar quantos pontos comuns de interesse e estudo existem entre a Antropologia e a Ortodontia, A dentição humana e suas estruturas adjacentes correspondem às partes mais mineralizadas do esqueleto, o que motiva sua longa duração e resistência às influências ecológicas. Isso torna a face uma das áreas preferenciais a ser utilizada no estudo do homem, o antropólogo procura na face à reconstituição da história do homem, como surgiu, modificou-se e quais os tipos existentes dentre as formas atuais. O ortodontista, na presença de um paciente,-cujas alterações da dentição modificam a face ou vice-versa, quer fazer o caminho de volta, isto é, torná-lo igual aos demais. Se este profissional juntar ao seu arsenal mecânico uma bagagem de conhecimentos antropológicos fundamentais, estará prestando o melhor dos serviços. É, impressionante verificar o quanto um método de estudo antropológico como a antropometria, evoluiu quando passou a ser utilizada pelos "ortodontistas com seus maravilhosos cefalostatos" como disse alguém. A cefalometria telerradiográfica constitui-se hoje no maior recurso para estudos de crescimento e desenvolvimento da face humana, É hora dos antropólogos, pediatras e outros interessados no assunto consultarem os ortodontistas sobre essa metodologia de pesquisa, pois a experiência nesse sentido já ascende a mais de quatro décadas. Por outro lado, cabe ao ortodontista valer-se das informações antropológicas que lhe instruam sobre a variabilidade da morfologia facial sob o ponto de vista etnológico" Nessa incursão, aprenderá que os homens, mesmo sendo diferentes, podem ser normais,, Dentro desse enfoque racial, evidentemente, o ortodontista ficará admirado com as infinitas variações morfológicas com que a natureza dotou o ser humano, interrogará inúmeras vezes a si mesmo sobre o que vem a ser a normalidade biológica, compreenderá a complexidade da discutida proporcionalidade entre o crânio e a face, talvez ficará perplexo com as considerações sobre as formas dos arcos dentários e também verificará o quanto desconhece sobre o que vem realmente a ser o prognatismo. Uma análise mais profunda evidenciaria muitos outros aspectos existentes sobre o problema,, Mesmo assim, o exposto serve para mostrar ao ortodontista que seu paciente, acima de tudo, deve ser encarado como um Homem e não somente como uma dentição anômala / Abstract: The teaching and the exercise of Orthodontics claims for the active and dynamic participation of a great deal of information based on several other sciences, the objectives of which are related in some or other way. The orthodontist uses Man as his subject of work, being concerned mainly about His physical characteristics, which on the other hand, is coincident with the target of Anthropology, the science of Man and his works. This establishes by itself, a natural link between Orthodontics and Anthropology, with special emphasis placed on the physical aspect of the latter. The studies made "by physical anthropologists may be directed to the acquisition of physical, spiritual and social well-being, and at the same time applied to the analysis, planning and treatment of the occlusal disharmonies of the human dentition. According to the above, it is easy to see how many common interests of study exist "between Anthropology and Orthodontics. The human dentition and its surrouding structures are the most mineralized parts of the human skeleton, which is the reason for its long duration and high resistance to ecological influences. This elects the face one of the preferential areas used in the study of Man. The anthropologist, through a study of the face, reconstitutes the history of man, how he came to existence, how he suffered modifications and the variations existing in the present. In the presence of" a patient with a modified face as sequelae of alterations in the dentition or vice-versa, the orthodontist tries to travel the deformity's way back, replacing that patient within the characteristics accepted as normal standard" If this professional adds the help of anthropologic knowledge to his mechanical arsenal, very surely his possibilities of rendering better service will be greater. It is impressive to see the evolution of anthropometry, an anthropological method, since its use "by "the orthodontists with their marvellous cephalostats" as someone said0 Radiographic cephalometry is considered in the present, the best means for studying growth and development of the human face., It is time for anthropologists, pediatricians and others concerned with the theme, to look for opinions from orthodontists about this method of study, since their experience about it, turns back to more than four decades. On the other hand, the orthodontist must get anthropologic information about variability of facial morphology, under the etnological viewpoint. Doing so, he may learn that men, even if different, may "be considered normal. Under the racial view, he possibly will get admired at the infinite morphological human variation caused by nature, he will ask himself about what is biologic normality, he will understand the complexity of the so much discussed proportionality between skull and face, and he may also become perplex with the existing opinions about dental arch form. At this point, he well realize how little he knows about what prognathism really is. A deeper analysis would indicate many other sides of the problenu Even so, what was written here serves to show the orthodontist that his patient must be considered above all Man, and not only an anomalous dentition / Mestrado / Ortodontia / Mestre em Ciências

Orientador : Antonio Augusto de Almeida / Tese (doutorado) - Universdiade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T13:06:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 D'Ottaviano_Nelson_D.pdf: 5184398 bytes, checksum: 4f143f1b43453ba702cd928a999b6979 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1976 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed. / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências Médicas

No description available.

Magister Scientiae - MSc / This thesis addresses analysis, evaluation and simulation of low complexity face detection algorithms and tracking that could be used on mobile phones. Network access control using face recognition increases the user-friendliness in human-computer interaction. In order to realize a real time system implemented on handheld devices with low computing power, low complexity algorithms for face detection and face tracking are implemented. Skin color detection algorithms and face matching have low implementation complexity suitable for authentication of cellular network services. Novel approaches for reducing the complexities of these algorithms and fast implementation are introduced in this thesis. This includes a fast algorithm for face detection in video sequences, using a skin color model in the HSV (Hue-Saturation-Value) color space. It is combined with a Gaussian model of the H and S statistics and adaptive thresholds. These algorithms permit segmentation and detection of multiple faces in thumbnail images. Furthermore we evaluate and compare our results with those of a method implemented in the Chromatic Color space (YCbCr). We also test our test data on face detection method using Convolutional Neural Network architecture to study the suitability of using other approaches besides skin color as the basic feature for face detection. Finally, face tracking is done in 2D color video streams using HSV as the histogram color space. The program is used to compute 3D trajectories for a remote surveillance system. / South Africa

Magister Chirurgiae Dentium (MChD) / The literature shows that maxillofacial fractures in children are uncommon. Although the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Faculty of Dentistry, of the University of the Western Cape, has been providing a service to the Red Cross Children’s Hospital (RXH) for the past twenty years, no study had been undertaken to determine the age, gender, number of patients per year, aetiology, patterns, and management of maxillofacial fractures at this institution. A retrospective records based study was undertaken to determine these features. This study accessed the records of patients seen at the trauma unit at RXH, from 1994 to 2003 inclusive, and referred for maxillofacial attention. One-hundred-and-five patient records were obtained and analyzed using the SPSS statistic package. One-hundred-and-twenty-seven fractures were recorded in one hundred and five patients. The age of the patients ranged from one to thirteen. Sixty-five male and forty female patients were seen. Dentoalveolar fractures were the most common fracture seen in both the midface and mandible. Midface fractures were more common than mandibular fractures. Falls, followed by motor vehicle accidents, were the most common cause of facial fractures. Most fractures were successfully managed by closed procedures. At this institution, nasal and frontal fractures have surprisingly little or no input from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. / South Africa

Current models of face perception suggest independent processing of identity and expression, though this distinction is still unclear. Using converging methods of psychophysics and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy and patient populations we assessed the relationship between these two perceptual processes. First, using perceptual aftereffects, we explored the neural representations underlying identity and expression. The expression aftereffect only partially transferred across different identities, suggesting adaptation within identity-invariant and identity-dependent expression representations. Contrarily, the identity aftereffect fully transferred across different expressions. This asymmetry cannot be explained through low-level adaptation. The identity-dependent component of the expression aftereffect relies on adaptation to a coherent expression, not low-level features, in the adapting face. Thus adaptation generating the expression aftereffect must occur within high-level representations of facial expression. Second, using fMRI adaptation, we examined identity and expression sensitivity in healthy controls. The fusiform face area and posterior superior temporal sulcus showed sensitivity for both identity and expression changes. Independent sensitivity for identity and expression changes was observed in the precuneus and middle superior temporal sulcus respectively. Finally, we explored identity and expression perception in a neuropsychological population. Selective identity impairments were associated with inferior occipitotemporal damage, not necessarily affecting the occipital or fusiform face areas. Impaired expression perception was associated with superior temporal sulcus damage, and also with deficits in the integration of identity and expression. In summary, psychophysics, neuroimaging and neuropsychological methods all provide converging evidence for the independent processing of identity and expression within the face network. However, these same methods also supply converging evidence for a partial dependence of these two perceptual processes: in the expression aftereffect, the functional sensitivities of the FFA and pSTS, and identity deficits observed in a patient with primarily impaired expression perception and a spared inferotemporal cortex. Thus, future models of face perception must incorporate representations or regions which independently process identity or expression as well as those which are involved in the perception of both identity and expression. / Medicine, Faculty of / Graduate

No description available.

Orientador: Odorico Machado de Sousa / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T13:13:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vitti_Mathias_D.pdf: 3005109 bytes, checksum: 841f08f580f19f486077de48d23244f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1968 / Resumo: Em individuos considerados normais com dentição completa e em indivíduos com ausência parcial e total de dentes, foi estudada a atividade eletromiográfica do m. temporal nas suas tres porções, anterior, posterior e média. Foram examinados 57 pacientes sendo 15 com dentição completa e normal (grupo I); 30 com dentição incompleta mas com suporte molar bilateral (grupo II) e 12 totalmente desdentados (grupo III) ¿Observação: O resumo, na íntegra poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: Not informed. / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências

Orientador: Samir Tufic Arbex / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T19:09:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SinclairArauz_JuanFrancisco_M.pdf: 2946972 bytes, checksum: f1f702fe8a1b7ccc0ad5d390c04ae537 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1982 / Resumo: No presente trabalho, foi investigada, a atividade reparadora do osso mandibular de ratos, a altura sinfise, quando intervidas cirurgicamente e sob efeito de anti - inflamatórios de origem vegetal (bromelina , escina e papai - na). Os antiinflamatórios em estudo foram aplicados, intraperitonealmente, em dosagens semelhantes às indicadas para o homem (1,143 µ /kg) diariamente, durante quinze dias. Verificou-se que os animais tratados com bromelina e escina tiveram uma recuperação mais rápida que os animais tratados com papaina e os do grupo controle. Não houve diferença significativa na reparação õssea entre os animais tratados com bromelinae escina, a não ser uma diferença de tempo muito reduzida favorecendo à bromelina, havendo contudo, uma recuperação bem mais rápida do peso geral dos animais tratados com bromelina, causada, talvez, pela atividade diurética de escina. Os animais tratados com a papaina tiveram um tempo de recuperação menor que os do grupo-controle, porém diferença é insignificante. Não observamos alterações provocadas pelos antiinflamatórios de origem vegetal que indicassem um retardamento na regeneraçao óssea, e sim, um aceleramento do processo de cura / Abstract: The present experiment was made in order investigated the healing time of rats mandible, at the to sinphysis, undergoing surgery and under the effect of plant antiinflammatory drugs (bromelain, aescin, papain). The enzyme were given by daly intraperitonial injections, using doses prescribed for human beings (1 ,143 µ/ k g), during 15 days . We noted that the animals treated with brome- lain and aescin had a tester recovery time than those given papain and than those of the contro1 group, with a slightly minor time favoring those of the bromelain group, that we could consider insignificant. We also noted that the animals given bromelain showed a very better weight recovery, due, perhaps, to the diuretic activity of aescin. The papain group showed a better recovery time than those of the control group, but the difference was slight to take into consideration. We found no kind of disturbances that my sugest that these plant enzymes could delay bone regeneration much by the contrary we observed that these drugs provide a shorter healing time / Resumen: En este trabajo investigamos la actividad reppradora del hueso mandibular de ratones, a nível de la sinfisis , cuando sometidos a intervenciones quirurgicas y bajo efecto de anti-inflamatorios de origen vegetal (bromelina, escina y papalna). Los anti-inflamatorios estudiados fueron inyectados intraperitonealmente, en dosis semejantes a lás indicadas para humanos (1.143 µ/kg), diariamente, durante 15 dias. Fue verificado que los animales tratados bromelina y escina tuvieron una recuperación más rápida con que los tratados con papafna y que los del grupo de control, una muy pequena ventaja de tiempo de recuperación a favor con de la qromelina, y notamos tambien una recuperación bien más rápida en lo que refiere ,al peso total, favorable a la bromelina, causa da, probablemente, por la acción diuretica de la escina. Los animales tratados con papaina tuvieron um tiempo de recuperación menor que los animales del grupo de um control, pero la diferencia fue insignificante. No observamos alteraciones provocadas por los anti-inflamatorios de origen vegetal que indicaran um atraso en la regeneración óssea, mucho por lo contrario, constatamos una aceleración del proceso de cura / Mestrado / Mestre em Farmacologia