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Magistro darbe, siekiant išanalizuoti veiksnius, kurie lėmė Lietuvos ekonomikos augimą 2004 -2010 m. laikotarpiu buvo susisteminti įvairių Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių teoriniai ir praktiniai tyrimai ekonomikos augimo klausimu, išskiriant, jų nuomone, pagrindinius ekonomikos augimą sąlygojančius veiksnius. Apskaičiuota intesyvaus ir ekstensyvaus veiksnių įtaka Lietuvos BVP ir BVP vienam gyventojui pokyčiams, panaudojant indeksų ir modifikuotos Du Ponto piramidinės analizės metodą bei lyginant su ES 27 šalių vidurkiu. Atlikta Lietuvos ekonomikos augimą sąlygojančių veiksnių analizė, kuri parodė Lietuvos aukštojo mokslo specialistų neatitikimą ūkio poreikiams, menkas investicijas į mokslinius tyrimus ir eksperimentinę plėtrą bei inovacijas, nepatrauklų Lietuvos investicinį klimatą, vartojimo ir tarpinių prekių dominavimą eksporto ir importo struktūroje pagal BEC klasifikaciją, taip pat dėl neigiamų pokyčių darbo rinkoje patirtus valstybės nuostolius. Atlikta analizuojamų veiksnių įtakos BVP pokyčiams analizė, kurios gautų rezultatų pagrindu įvertintos BVP didinimo galimybės. / In der Meisterarbeit, um die Faktoren, die Wirtschaftswachstum vom Litauen im Jahre 2004 - 2010 voraussetzten, zu analysieren, wurden die theoretischen und praktischen Forschungen des Wirtschaftswachstums verschiedener litauischen und ausländischen Autoren verwiesen. Es wurde der Einfluss der intensiven und extensiven Faktoren auf Änderungen vom BIP und BIP pro Kopf des Litauens mit der Methode des Indexes und der modifizierten Methode der Analyse von der Pyramide im Vergleich mit dem Durchschnitt der EU 27 Länder berechnet. Es wurde die Analyse des Wirtschaftswachstums von Litauen voraussetzenten Faktoren erledigt. Die Analyse zeigte, dass im Litauen das Angebot derjenigen Spezialisten der Hochschulen die Nachfrage überbietete. Litauen investiert nicht viel in Entwicklungsforschungen und Innovationen, es gibt unattraktives Investitionsklima in Litauen, im Export und Import von BEC Klassifizierung dominierten Konsum und Vorleistungsgütern. Es wurde die Verluste von der negativen Veränderungen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt analisiert. Es wurde die Analyse vom Einfluss der Veränderungen vom BIP erledigt, die Möglichkeiten der Vergrösserung vom BIP aufdeckten.

Pigmentation disorders occur in multiple conditions (Hakozaki et al., 2006:105). Although many modalities of treatments are available, none are completely satisfactory (Briganti et al., 2003:101). Two cytokines normally present in the skin, transforming growth factor–beta1 (TGF–81) and tumour necrosis factor–alpha (TNF–9), have been shown to inhibit melanin synthesis (Martinez–Esparza, 2001:972). The stratum corneum has been commonly accepted as the main barrier to percutaneous absorption. Many techniques have been applied to overcome this barrier properties and to enhance penetration with varying success (Pellet et al., 1997:92). The objective of this study was to investigate the topical delivery of the above mentioned peptide drugs with aid of the Pheroid drug delivery system. Pheroid technology is a delivery system that promotes the absorption and increases the efficacy of dermatological, biological and oral medicines in various pharmacological groups (Grobler et al., 2008:4). Pheroid entraps drugs with high efficiency and delivers them with remarkable speed to target sites (Grobler, 2004:4). In order to avoid degradation of these peptides, bestatin hydrochloride (an aminopeptidase inhibitor), was used (Lkhagvaa et al., 2008:386). Topical drug delivery was achieved by means of vertical Franz cell diffusion studies performed over a 6 and 12 h period. ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) detection was used to detect cytokine concentrations. Entrapped cytokine solutions were monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Upon removal of donor and receptor compartments, skin discs were subjected to tape stripping in order to establish the amount of active present within the stratum corneum and epidermis as well as the remaining dermis (Pellet et al., 1997:92). When comparing the two studies with each other, it is evident that the diffused concentration values obtained with PBS (phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4) was lower than that obtained with the Pheroid drug delivery system. Both cytokine concentrations were successfully delivered topically as a minimum of concentrations for both actives were detected. This positive result was confirmed as well by the amount of active detected in stratum corneum–epidermis and epidermis–dermis solutions. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Pharmaceutics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Pigmentation disorders occur in multiple conditions (Hakozaki et al., 2006:105). Although many modalities of treatments are available, none are completely satisfactory (Briganti et al., 2003:101). Two cytokines normally present in the skin, transforming growth factor–beta1 (TGF–81) and tumour necrosis factor–alpha (TNF–9), have been shown to inhibit melanin synthesis (Martinez–Esparza, 2001:972). The stratum corneum has been commonly accepted as the main barrier to percutaneous absorption. Many techniques have been applied to overcome this barrier properties and to enhance penetration with varying success (Pellet et al., 1997:92). The objective of this study was to investigate the topical delivery of the above mentioned peptide drugs with aid of the Pheroid drug delivery system. Pheroid technology is a delivery system that promotes the absorption and increases the efficacy of dermatological, biological and oral medicines in various pharmacological groups (Grobler et al., 2008:4). Pheroid entraps drugs with high efficiency and delivers them with remarkable speed to target sites (Grobler, 2004:4). In order to avoid degradation of these peptides, bestatin hydrochloride (an aminopeptidase inhibitor), was used (Lkhagvaa et al., 2008:386). Topical drug delivery was achieved by means of vertical Franz cell diffusion studies performed over a 6 and 12 h period. ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) detection was used to detect cytokine concentrations. Entrapped cytokine solutions were monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Upon removal of donor and receptor compartments, skin discs were subjected to tape stripping in order to establish the amount of active present within the stratum corneum and epidermis as well as the remaining dermis (Pellet et al., 1997:92). When comparing the two studies with each other, it is evident that the diffused concentration values obtained with PBS (phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4) was lower than that obtained with the Pheroid drug delivery system. Both cytokine concentrations were successfully delivered topically as a minimum of concentrations for both actives were detected. This positive result was confirmed as well by the amount of active detected in stratum corneum–epidermis and epidermis–dermis solutions. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Pharmaceutics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

This diploma thesis deals with the assessment of SCOP of the heat pump installed in the selected building and with the determination of optimal size of accumulation which should help to heat pump work with higher temperature and higher SCOP. Annual savings of operating cost and return of investment from installation of accumulation tank are evaluated in this thesis. In the research part of this thesis are described the main components of heat pump, sources of low-potential heat and types of heat pump.

This master thesis deals with VRF systems, which are used for extensive commercial and office buildings, or for buildings where there are multiple zones with different required parameters. The aim of the thesis is to explain the functions of the system and their evaluation and inclusion into energy classes according to the new legislation. The practical part deals with an application of the VRF system and its variants in the building of bank branch. The comparison of initials costs and resultant costs to operate the system. The experiment focuses on comparison of the measured values of VRF system and their comparison with data from the manufacturer.

Det här kandidatarbetet handlar om hur åskådares identifiering med karaktärer i tv-serier kan vara en bidragande faktor till tv-serieberoende. Det finns ingen tidigare forskning kring denna typ av beroende, men paralleller går att dra till datorspels-beroende. Alltfler studier tyder dock på att beroendet av tv-serier ökar, och faktorerna till det är många. Identifiering med karaktärer är en av dem, då det finns flera identifieringstyper och band att skapa till en karaktär.För att se om det fanns ett samband mellan identifiering och tv-serieberoende, gjordes ett fokusgruppsamtal med fyra medietekniska kvinnor. Deltagarna bekräftade det som forskare hade hävdat, och medgav att identifiering med karaktärer var en av orsakerna till varför de kunde känna sig beroende. Min gestaltning, en skapad musikvideo av Aviccis låt Addicted to you, bygger därför på tidigare forskning, men blir bekräftad av fokusgruppens åsikter. Det finns ett beroende - inte bara mellan karaktärer och karaktärer, utan också mellan åskådare, karaktärer och tv-serier. / This bachelor thesis is about the viewers’ identity of TV series characters, if it can be a contributory key factor to TV series addiction. There is no previous research about this, however, some similarities can be drawn to video game addiction.By holding a focus group regarding the subject I was able to confirm what previous researchers had found out. The participants confessed that due to the bond they felt between themselves and the characters, they would feel as if they were addicted to the TV series they were watching.My final result is presented with my own edited music video with the track Addicted to you by Avicii, where I use previous research, my own research and my results to account during my edit. There is an addiction - not only between characters and characters, but also between the viewer, characters and TV series.

Syfte: Att studera vilka faktorer som har orsakssamband med tandvårdsrädsla hos barn och ungdomar. Material och metod: Litteraturstudien är en litteraturöversikt av utgivna vetenskapliga artiklar som berör tandvårdsrädsla och dess orsaker hos barn och ungdomar. Sökning och bedömning av relevanta vetenskapliga artiklar har gjorts i avsikt att hitta svaret på studiens syfte. Kvantitativa studier inkluderades i studien. Artiklar som publicerades före 2000-talet exkluderades. Resultat: Resultatet visade att barnets tandvårdsrädsla är associerat med föräldrarnas tandvårdsrädsla. Obehaglig upplevelse vid tandvårdsbesök bidrar till tandvårdsrädsla. Smärta och oregelbundet tandvårdsbesök är förknippat med tandvårdsrädsla hos barn och ungdomar. Slutsats: Det finns olika orsakssamband till tandvårdsrädsla hos barn och ungdomar. Flera studier konstaterade att flickor hade en högre nivå av tandvårdsrädsla än pojkar. De vanligaste faktorerna som förknippas med tandvårdsrädsla hos barn och ungdomar är plågsamma smärterfarenheter, tidigare erfarenhet av tandvärk, injektion, borrning och ljudet av borrningen. / Aim: To examine the factors which have causal relationship with dental fear among children and adolescents. Material and methods: This study is a literature review of published scientific articles that concerns the dental fear and its causes among children and adolescents. The searching and assessment of the relevant scientific articles have been made with the intention to find answers to the study's purpose. Quantitative studies were included in the study. Articles that were published before the 2000s were excluded. Results: Showed that child dental fear is associated with parental dental fear. Unpleasant experience at dental visits contribute to dental fear. Pain and irregular dental visits are associated with dental fear among children and adolescents. Conclusions: There are different causal relationship to dental fear among children and adolescents. Several studies noted that girls had a higher level of dental anxiety than boys. Most common factors which associates with dental fear among children and adolescents are distressing painful experience, previous experience of toothache, injection, drilling and the sound of drilling.

<p>Obesity and overweight are today classified as one of the largest epidemics in the Western world and is threaten a large part of the population. As a reaction to this a major health trend has emerged in recent decades. Every day consumers are exposed to information from the media about what is healthy or unhealthy to eat and the recommendations change frequently.</p><p>There is great interest in healthy food on the Swedish food market, but still healthy foods only represents a small proportion of the total food sales. The essay examines the gap between the current and potential demand for healthy food and if it can be explained by any of the following factors: lack of information, price, taste or cognitive behavioral.</p><p>To study these questions a quantitative method have been used and 213 questionnaires were collected. The intention is to draw general conclusions about the entire population. We discussed and analyzed the quantitative data together with the frame of reference based on the four factors and the discussion led us to the following conclusions:</p><p>Price and parts of the cognitive behavior inhibits the consumption of healthy foods on the Swedish food market. The other factors studied can not explain the inhibited consumption.</p><p>Based on the conclusions we recommend “svenska Livsmedelsverket” to communicate its policies through traditional marketing channels to better reach out to all consumers. We also believe the Swedish food market is ready for a new store concept with only healthy food.</p>

The aim of this thesis is to investigate empathy for persons from ethnical groups different than one’s own, an ability called ethnocultural empathy. A scale measuring ethnocultural empathy was translated and validated for a Swedish context and tested in a student sample, a majority of which were healthcare students. Three studies were performed. In study I, the validity and reliability of a Swedish translation of the Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy (SEE) was investigated (N=326). The purpose of study II was to investigate the association between basic empathy as measured by the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1983) and ethnocultural empathy as measured by the Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy (Wang et al., 2003). In study III, differences in basic empathy as well as in ethnocultural empathy were explored in a sample of 365 undergraduate students at the beginning and end of four Master programmes in health care education (Medicine, Psychology, Nursing and Social Work). The main results from the present thesis indicate that the central tendency, distribution of scores, intercorrelations, and factor structure in the Swedish version of SEE were well-matched and mainly similar to the American version. A significant strong correlation between basic and ethnocultural empathy was found, suggesting that the two constructs overlap substantially. The results of study III revealed that students from all programmes in health care had fairly high scores on both empathy scales. There were, however, significant differences between the study programmes. Overall, the studies show that ethnocultural empathy is a measurable construct but that it overlaps with basic empathy and further testing of the construct is needed. Implications of the findings for the measurement of empathy are discussed. / Avhandlingens övergripande syfte var att undersöka empati hos personer och grupper som har en annan etnisk bakgrund än den egna, en förmåga som kallas etnokulturell empati. Denna förmåga handlar om kunskap och acceptans av andra etniska individer och gruppers kulturella uttryck. Det amerikanska instrument som anses mäta etnokulturell empati översattes och validerades till svenska språk och förhållanden. Därefter testades instrumentet hos studenter på hälsovårdutbildningar i tre studier. I studie I undersöktes instrumentets validitet och reliabilitet i ett urval av 326 respondenter. I studie II undersöktes sambandet mellan grundempati, som anses mätas med instrumentet Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), och etnokulturell empati som anses mätas med Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy (SEE). Studie III undersökte skillnader i grundempati och etnokulturell empati hos 365 studenter inom fyra program (Läkare, psykolog, sjuksköterska och socionom) i början och i slutet av deras studier. De huvudsakliga fynden i denna avhandling visade att faktorstrukturen och inter-korrelationerna i den svenska versionen av SEE i stor utsträckning liknade den amerikanska versionen. Dock detta inte bekräftades i konformatoriska faktoranalysen (CFA). Resultatet i studie II visade på ett starkt samband mellan grundempati och etnokulturell empati, vilket tyder på att dessa två konstruktioner av empati kraftigt överlappar varandra. I studie III visade resultatet att alla studenter från hälsovårdsutbildningarna hade höga nivåer av grund- och etnokulturell empati. Emellertid fanns signifikanta skillnader mellan programmen. Psykolog- och socionomstudenter hade högre nivåer av både grund empati och etnokulturell empati. Det övergripande resultat från avhandlingen visade att det går att mäta etnokulturell empati, men den nuvarande konstruktionen överlappar med grund empati. Ytterligare studier behövs för att förbättra instrumentet.