Police officers today run the risk of being exposed to events that others will never experience during their lifetime. Many of these experiences may lead to traumatic memories that, in worst case, could make them never wanting to work as a police officer again. How can the police get better at taking care of their employees? This study aims to shed light over how the crisis-supporters perceive their learning within the activity of debriefing. The research questions asked are:” what moments in debriefing do the crisis-supporters identify as a learning activity?” and ”in what ways do the crisis-supporters think they can develop professionally during their practice of debriefing?”. This study investigates the phenomenon of crisis support from a sociocultural theory. The result show that the crisis-supporters feel that they get more knowledge when they debrief police officers compared to when participating in formal education. The results also show that verbal communication is very important in the practice of debriefing. Finally the results show that the interaction between crisis-supporters and police officers plays an important role in both crisis-supporters as well as police officers learning. / Poliser löper varje dag risk att erfara händelser som någon annan aldrig någonsin kommer att få uppleva under sin livstid. Många av dessa händelser kan leda till traumatiska minnen som i värsta fall gör att de inte kan fortsätta arbeta som polis. Hur kan polisen bli bättre på att ta hand om sina medarbetare? Denna studie syftar till att ge lyse åt hur krisstödjarna uppfattar sitt lärande inom krissamtal. Vi ställde frågor om ”vilka moment i krisstödet ser krisstödjarna ett lärande?” och ”på vilka sätt kan krisstödjarna utvecklas inom sitt krisstödjande?”. Studien undersöker detta genom att med hjälp av det sociokulturella perspektivet belysa lärandet hos krisstödjarna i krissamtal. Fem krisstödjare inom polisen har intervjuats med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Datamaterialet analyserades deduktivt med hjälp av tematisk analys och med sociokulturell teori som utgångspunkt. Resultatet visar bland annat att krisstödjarna får mer kunskap av att hålla krissamtal än att delta i formella utbildningar. Det visar även att språket är fundamentalt för hur krisstödjarna kommunicerar med varandra och de drabbade samt att samspelet mellan krisstödjare och drabbade spelar en viktig roll i lärandet.

Orientador: Wilson Roberto Poi / Coorientador : Mirian Marubayashi Hidalgo / Banca: Celso Koogi Sonoda / Banca: Fernando Acccorsi Orosco / Banca: Raquel Sano Terada / Banca: Solange Munhoz Arroyo Lopes / Resumo: Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da educação continuada na aquisição e consolidação de conhecimento sobre avulsão dentária dos Orientadores Educacionais do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas do município de Maringá-PR, em relação aos corretos procedimentos a serem adotados imediatamente após a ocorrência de uma avulsão dentária. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de campo, descritivo-exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa desenvolvido com os Orientadores Educacionais do Ensino Fundamental da rede pública do Município de Maringá, PR. Consideraram-se dois grupos de profissionais entrevistados: submetido à intervenção oral e visual e submetido à intervenção oral e visual, reforçada por outros meios visuais, e o grupo controle, anterior à intervenção. Aplicou-se um questionário dividido em três partes: dados demográficos, conhecimento/domínio sobre traumatismos dentários em geral e a avulsão, em especial, sendo a terceira o conhecimento/domínio sobre as atitudes a serem adotadas em relação ao manejo imediato dos dentes avulsionados .No questionário,utilizou-se uma escala indireta para medir as atitudes dos participantes, a escala de Likert e para interpretação das respostas aplicou-se uma escala de escores de 0 a 4. A intervenção propriamente dita foi a instituição de um Programa de Educação Continuada para capacitação dos envolvidos. A consistência interna do instrumento foi medida por meio do coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. Para medir a diferença entre os escores atribuídos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the effect of continuing education on the acquisition and consolidation of knowledge about dental avulsion of Primary School Education Mentors of public schools in the city of Maringá-PR, in relation to the correct procedures to be adopted immediately after the occurrence of a dental avulsion. Materials and methods: This is a field-based, descriptive-exploratory, quantitative approach developed with the Educational Mentors of Elementary School of the public network of the city of Maringá, PR. Two groups of professionals were interviewed: submitted to oral and visual intervention; and submitted to oral and visual intervention, reinforced by other visual means, and the control group, prior to the intervention. A questionnaire was applied divided into three parts: demographic data, knowledge / domain on dental trauma in general, and avulsion in particular; and the third, knowledge / domain about the attitudes to be adopted in relation to the immediate management of avulsed teeth. In the questionnaire, an indirect scale was used to measure the participants' attitudes, the Likert scale and for the interpretation of the answers a score scale of 0 to 4 was used. The intervention it self was the institution of a Continuing Education Program to empower those involved. The internal consistency of the instrument was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. To measure the difference between the assigned scores, the KruskalWallis test was used, followed by Dunn's multipl... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

This thesis deals with first aid knowledge among the general public. The theoretical part focuses on the basic aspects of first aid. The practical part is a survey of the results of the research, which are then evaluated and commented upon in the discussion. The research group consisted of people of working age. To obtain the data used quantitative research, carried out by polling, through a questionnaire. Based on its evaluation were confirmed or refuted in advance the hypothesis. These hypotheses were statistically verified. Research suggests that the level of knowledge of the general public is not sufficient.

Toxicology is a scientific discipline dealing with the influences of dangerous substances on living organisms. The negative effects of some substances have been known since the prehistoric times and the human race has had to face them until today. The impact of these substances on human organisms may be caused either deliberately (e. g. misuse of chemical substances during war conflicts) or unintentionally (e. g. intoxication by poisonous gases released from fire). The current knowledge of the field of toxicology enable to characterise the dangerous substances, to define their effective, toxic and lethal doses and concentrations and to give first aid to the people affected. The knowledge of the first aid procedure in case of intoxication of poisonous gases is crucial for the rescue of human life and moderation of the toxic effects. In connection to the universal first aid procedure, i. e. the patient's rescue out of the contaminated area and calling of the rescue service, the person affected has to receive an adequate immediate pre-hospital care. Based on these findings, procedures used in cases of intoxication in pre-hospital emergency care and emergency medicine are listed. The aim of the theoretical part of this diploma thesis is a comprehensive overview of current theoretical and professional knowledge in the field of chemistry, toxicology and emergency medicine. This knowledge is subsequently applied to the overall management of pre-hospital emergency care for patients intoxicated with toxic gases. The research part includes a retrospective statistical analysis of the number of cases of carbon monoxide intoxication in Vysocina Region, application of theoretical knowledge in the form of analyses of cases of intoxication and creation of a preventive programme with the help of a questionnaire survey which asked the public about their awareness of the risks and dangers of carbon monoxide. In addition, educational material was created. The thesis also tried to answer the research question "How serious is poisonous gas intoxication in pre-hospital emergency care and emergency medicine?" From the point of view of pre-hospital emergency care, the average daily death rate caused by poisonous gas intoxications in the Vysocina Region is four patients per year. When this number is compared with the total number of patients' deaths, it shows a less serious problem. The most common source of carbon monoxide poisoning turned out to be a gas appliance. The rescuers recorded the highest number of carbon monoxide detector activations in 2015. Informing the public in the form of a questionnaire survey has clearly shown that there is persisting confusion of carbon monoxide properties with carbon dioxide ones. This diploma thesis is aimed at specialists providing pre-hospital emergency care i. e. health rescue services and also fire rescue services for the purpose of statistical comparisons with other providers and subjects, or for educational purposes in the context of crisis preparedness. In addition, the work is recommended to the general public to ensure greater awareness of poisonous gas intoxications. This thesis brought a comprehensive overview of this issue which can be used for the purpose of informing, educating and creating the basis for further comparison.

Orientador: Flavio Ailton Duque Zambrone / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T15:49:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tomazin_CybelleCristina_M.pdf: 1435877 bytes, checksum: 4d52e497e63de7cb489e954809b6af35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Ao longo da história foi necessária a criação de leis que estabelecessem regras de segurança ao uso de agrotóxicos a fim de se diminuir o impacto destes sobre o meio ambiente e a saúde dos trabalhadores rurais. Bula e rótulo são um exemplo disto e são as principais fontes de informação para o trabalhador rural, auxiliando na prevenção de acidentes e conseqüentemente intoxicações. Por isso o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi avaliar o nível de entendimento de meeiros de plantações de tomate estaqueado do município de Sumaré-SP acerca das informações de Primeiros Socorros que constam na bula/rótulo de agrotóxicos. O sexo predominante foi o masculino (73,75%). A maioria possuía ensino fundamental incompleto (75%). A média de idade encontrada foi 37,75 (DP = 11,32) e a média de anos de trabalho na lavoura foi de 17,06 (DP = 11,85). Os nomes dos agrotóxicos manipulados eram desconhecidos por 58,75% e apenas 32,5% já haviam lido bula/rótulo de agrotóxicos e, dentre aqueles que encontraram dificuldade na leitura, a presença de palavras difíceis (88,89%) foi o principal motivo na dificuldade. O entendimento correto das frases específicas de Primeiros Socorros independe do sexo e do tempo de trabalho em lavouras. Para a frase I, referente à ingestão, apenas 10% compreenderam seu sentido. Para a frase II, referente à exposição ocular, 25% não compreenderam seu sentido. Já para a frase III, referente à exposição cutânea, 41,25% compreenderam parcialmente seu sentido. Para a frase IV, referente à inalação, apenas 17,5% compreenderam seu sentido. Independente da frase específica, a maioria dos meeiros achou importante a presença de figuras para ajudar a compreendê-las, mas não conseguiram imaginar como poderiam ser essas figuras. O não conhecimento pelos sujeitos dessa pesquisa das orientações de Primeiros Socorros em caso de acidentes/intoxicações por agrotóxicos, e o não acesso dos meeiros a esses documentos, constituem grave problema de Saúde Pública e representa um grande desafio a ser transposto. A presença dessas informações em bula/rótulo de agrotóxicos não pode configurar apenas uma exigência legal, sobretudo deve educar e realmente orientar os trabalhadores rurais das ações a serem tomadas em caso de acidente/intoxicação a fim se de diminuir os danos à saúde da vítima. Este estudo pôde concluir que as bulas e rótulos de agrotóxicos devem ser simplificadas, contendo informações mais dirigidas e adaptadas ao público alvo / Abstract: Throughout history, the creation of laws establishing rules for safety and use of pesticides, such as the requirement for labels for their commercialization, was made necessary in order to reduce impact on environment and upon rural workers¿ health. Labels are the rural worker¿s main information source and can prevent accidents and consequently, intoxications. For this reason, the main objective of this work was to assess the level of comprehension of first aid information contained in agrochemical labels by tenant farmers working on trained tomato plantations in the municipality of Sumaré-SP. The male gender was predominant among the tenant farmers (73.75%). Most of them did not conclude elementary school (75%). The average age found was of 37.75; and 17.06 was the average years of work on plantations. The names of pesticides products handled by the workers were not familiar to 58.75%; and 67.5% mentioned that they did not read labels because they did not have access to these documents. The percentage of workers who had already read a label was of 32.5%, and the reason given by those who had trouble reading it, was that the text contained difficult words (88.89%). The correct understanding of first-aid specific phrases is not dependent on gender and the work time on plantations. Only 10% of the workers understood the meaning of phrase I regarding ingestion. The sense of phrase II regarding ocular exposure was not understood by 25%, while the sense of phrase III about skin exposure was partially understood by 41.25%. Phrase IV concerning inhalation was understood by 17.5%. Regardless of the specific phrase, the majority of the tenant farmers agreed that pictures were important to help them understand the information, but they could not figure out what these pictures should be like. The lack of knowledge of first-aid orientation by the subjects of this research and the inaccessibility to documents constitute a grave Public Health problem in case of accidents/intoxications caused by pesticides products, and represent a major challenge that must be overcome. The aim of this information on pesticides labels can not be solely to fulfill a legal demand, but above all, it must instruct and actually guide rural workers on the actions to be taken in case of accident/intoxication, so that risks to the victim¿s health are minimized. It can be concluded by this study that pesticides labels should be simplified and contain information aimed at and adapted to their target public / Mestrado / Epidemiologia / Mestre em Saude Coletiva

Title: The ability of the future elementary school teachers to provide the first aid to pupils at live-threatening conditions Summary: This thesis is focused on the ability of future elementary school teachers in providing first aid to pupils in a life-threatening conditions. The introduction describes the motivation that has led to this topic and follows the objectives set for this thesis. The theoretical part is dedicated to defining first aid, inclusion of this topic into the school documents and programs, as well as a brief specifics of a child of a younger school age from the perspective of providing first aid, describes how to contact emergency services and focuses on prevention. It describes the universal process of providing first aid in three steps and complements it with practical knowledge gained from experience with pupils of younger school age. The practical part deals with the ability of future teachers in first aid in life-threatening condition, verified by the survey. Further analyzes whether future teachers are able to react correctly in life- threatening situations of their pupils. In conclusion, there is a brief assessment of achieved goals and recommendations for further development in providing first aid. Keywords: first aid, teacher, pupil, elementary school, live-threatening conditions

The purpose of this study was to investigate how school principals understand HIV/AIDS and how their knowledge, attitude and interpretation filter in the implementation of the HIV policy in schools. The study comprises a literature review and empirical investigation. The results of this study can be used in planning and implementing HIV policy in schools. The data were collected by administering semi-structured interviews. Ten school principals from the Dennilton circuit in Southern Region of the Limpopo Province were interviewed. The results show that the majority of the principals involved in the study confirm that HIV/AIDS is an incurable disease caused by a virus and is mainly sexually transmitted. Some principals regard their school safe from HIV infection. Their assumption is based on the absence of HIV positive learners and educators in their schools. The principals are aware of the rights of HIV positive learners and educators. Significantly, the research findings indicate that the majority of schools lack educators with HIV/AIDS training, rules on safety precautions and first aid kits. It is recommended that ongoing HIV/AIDS training programmes be provided for educators to enable them to educate the youth on HIV/AIDS. Additionally, schools should focus on strategies to implement universal safety precautions against HIV transmission and to obtain first aid kits. Lastly, school principals should involve parents and other stakeholders in creating a positive school environment for HIV positive learners and educators. / Dissertation (MEd (Education Management))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Background Mental health stigma-reducing and awareness trainings encourage trainees to talk about mental health with the hope that increased discussions will lead to reduced stigma and increased access to mental health services. This survey study aimed to examine the current levels of confidence among participants, or “first aiders” who completed the Youth Mental Health First Aid (YMHFA) training in their ability to demonstrate the skills that were taught in the training. Additionally, this study examined the difference in levels of confidence between the YMHFA instructors and first aiders in the ability of the first aiders to demonstrate the skills that were taught in the training. We examined differences in levels of confidence among first aiders according to their socio-demographic and personal characteristics. Finally, we explored the ways in which first aiders who completed the course used their knowledge and skills after the training. Methods Seven hundred fifty-seven first aider participants were surveyed post-training and 129 first aider participants were surveyed at follow-up. Fourteen YMHFA instructors were surveyed. Results The data indicated that there was a significant decrease in confidence among first aiders between post-training and follow-up. With the exception of age, there were no statistically significant differences in levels of confidence among first aiders according to the following sociodemographic and personal characteristics: a.) gender; b.) race; c.) reason for attendance; d.) role of use. Survey data also indicated the various ways in which first aiders are currently using their training. Conclusions First aiders’ confidence declined after follow-up even though they reported various ways in which they are using their training. Instructors reported positive perceptions of the training and reported a high level of confidence in the ability of their trained first aiders to demonstrate the taught skills.

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This thesis engage in design of outdoor multifunctional madical box for vaccination. It´s a mobile rear specified firstly for humanitarian missions and for resolution of current inconvenient conditions. Its multifunctionality consist in a transport of necessary supply, in a possibility of siting of medics and pacients, in satisfactory stacking area and in possibility of networking. Many things are compact in this project. mobility with sufficiency of space, simplicity with variability, weight with stability as well as shaping with acceptable financial expenses.