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This dissertation examines the role of the fundamental economic variables (price levels, interest rates, and income levels) in the determination of foreign exchange rates during the period 1973-1978. Purchasing power parity, the International Fisher Effect, and the relationship of exchange rates with income levels through the marginal propensity to import were integrated, as suggested by the literature, and a fairly reasonable specification of a model for exchange rate determination was measured. The results of speculation tests indicate destabilizing results for some currencies and stabilizing results for the others; the coefficient of expectation tests, however, lend support to the destabilizing hypothesis. The conclusion of the research, therefore, is that the exchange rates of the major industrial countries which are of prime importance to the international financier and investor, and to the student of international finance and trade, are primarily determined, not by the fundamental economic variables, but by speculative forces which are believed to be of a destabilizing nature.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-05-04Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:11:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 padovani_crp_me_botfca.pdf: 791754 bytes, checksum: 25763a55e0ac912a0fd3399dd40d40e6 (MD5) / Nas Ciências Agronômicas, em particular na Energia na Agricultura, encontram-se várias situações em que são observadas diversas variáveis respostas nas parcelas ou unidades experimentais. Nestas situações, um caso de interesse prático à experimentação agronômica é o que considera o estudo das regiões de similaridade entre as parcelas com atenção especial à classificação de novas unidades experimentais. Um procedimento bastante robusto para o estudo das similaridades em situações multivariadas consiste no método de discriminação de Fisher entre várias populações. Na literatura Agronômica, pouco se tem encontrado sobre o uso deste procedimento. Entende-se que este fato deve estar relacionado aos procedimentos algébricos e matriciais requeridos na construção do modelo matemático gerador das regiões e, principalmente, pela falta de um programa computacional de fácil manuseio para pesquisadores de áreas aplicadas. Neste sentido, desenvolveu-se um programa computacional para o método de Fisher, acessível e de fácil manuseio para pesquisadores de áreas aplicadas, complementado com a construção do manual do usuário. Para exemplificar o uso do programa, consideraram-se dados relativos a experimentos desenvolvidos na EMBRAPA, região de Londrina - PR, envolvendo seis diferentes variedades de girassol (Helianthus annuus) e cinco caracteres quantitativos da planta. O uso da discriminação de Fisher possibilitou a construção gráfica das regiões de classificação, segundo as diversidades genéticas do girassol, o que apresentou uma alta porcentagem de retenção de informação da variabilidade associada a uma baixa taxa de classificação errônea. / In the Agronomical Sciences, particularly in the Energy in the Agriculture, there are several situations in which many answer variables in the experimental parcels or units can be observed. In these situations, a case of practical interest to the agronomical is the study of the region similarities among the parcels, giving special attention to the classification of new experimental units. A very robust procedure for the discrimination of several multivariate populations is the Fisher's graphic method. In the Agronomical literature, not much is found about the use of this procedure. This fact may be related to algebric and matricial procedures required in the construction of the mathematical model generator of the regions and, mostly, by the lack of a friendly computational software for researchers of applied areas. In this sense, the objective is to develop a computational software for Fisher's Method, which must be accessible and of easy handling for researchers of applied areas, complementing it with the creation of the user's manual and presenting applications for the software in the rational use of energy. Datas related to experiments developed at EMBRAPA, Londrina region PR, are considered, envolving six different sunflower variables (Helianthus annuus) and five quantitative marks of the plant. Fisherþs discrimination use enable the graphic construction of the classification regions, according to the sunflwer genetic diversities, whitch presented a high percentage of information retention of the varibility associated to a low rate of erroneous classification.

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An expansive repertoire of original chamber works is available for ensembles comprised of saxophone, wind and percussion instruments. Many musicians, including saxophonists and conductors, are unaware of this enormous body of literature. This produces a compelling need for sources of identification available to conductors, performers and teachers. This study begins to provide such a source through the presentation of selected works and the accompanying annotated bibliography. The lack of awareness of available scores for chamber music with saxophone, winds and percussion among conductors and many performers often contributes to the absence of these works in concert halls. The objective of this lecture-recital document is to make available a tool that includes only original works for the saxophone in a variety of chamber ensemble settings. The nature of this study will be descriptive. The literature chosen for this project reveals varying levels of performance difficulty, compositional techniques, form, and instrumentation. Chosen works employ an ensemble size that requires a conductor or are more successfully performed with a conductor. Selected compositions are illustrated in which the saxophone is identified as a vital ingredient in an already existing repertoire of serious chamber literature. Works in this study include original compositions using from seven to seventeen musicians. Some of the works discussed in this study include double bass and piano. Chapters include information on the Parameters of Study (Introduction, Historical Perspective, Sources, Criteria, Selection of Works for Analysis), composer Jean Françaix, a Historical Overview and Detailed Study of Danses Exotiques, composer Fisher Tull, a Historical Overview and Detailed Study of Nonet and an Annotated Bibliography of compositions matching the established criteria. Appendices include List of Works of Fisher Tull and Jean Françaix.

abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have had tremendous success in a variety of statistical learning applications due to their vast expressive power. Most applications run DNNs on the cloud on parallelized architectures. There is a need for for efficient DNN inference on edge with low precision hardware and analog accelerators. To make trained models more robust for this setting, quantization and analog compute noise are modeled as weight space perturbations to DNNs and an information theoretic regularization scheme is used to penalize the KL-divergence between perturbed and unperturbed models. This regularizer has similarities to both natural gradient descent and knowledge distillation, but has the advantage of explicitly promoting the network to and a broader minimum that is robust to weight space perturbations. In addition to the proposed regularization, KL-divergence is directly minimized using knowledge distillation. Initial validation on FashionMNIST and CIFAR10 shows that the information theoretic regularizer and knowledge distillation outperform existing quantization schemes based on the straight through estimator or L2 constrained quantization. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Engineering 2019

This thesis studies inference to the complier treatment effect denoted LATE. The standard approach is to base the inference on the two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimator and asymptotic Neyman inference, i.e., the t-test. The paper suggests a Fisher Randomization Test based on the t-test statistic as an alternative to the Neyman inference. Based on the setup with a randomized experiment with noncompliance, for which one can identify the LATE, I compare the two approaches in a Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The results from the MC simulation is that the Fisher randomization test is not a valid alternative to the Neyman’s test as it has too low power.

Waterborne acoustic signals carry information about the ocean environment. Ocean geoacoustic inversion is the task of estimating environmental parameters from received acoustic signals by matching the measured sound with the predictions of a physics-based model. A lower bound on the uncertainty associated with environmental parameter estimates, the Cramér-Rao bound, can be calculated from the Fisher information, which is dependent on derivatives of a physics-based model. Physics-based preconditioners circumvent the need for variable step sizes when computing numerical derivatives. This work explores the feasibility of using a neural network to perform geoacoustic inversion for environmental parameters and their associated uncertainties from ship noise spectrogram data. To train neural networks, a synthetic dataset is generated and tested for generalizability against 31 measurements taken during the SBCEX2017 study of the New England Mud Patch.

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