The objective of Diploma thesis is design of analysis tool for equalizers used in FMT modulation. The model of transmission channel was designed for simulations with FMT. The transmission path is modeled by test loop, which corresponds to DSL line. For this reason, some principles of DSL technology is described in the thesis. The principles of multicarrier modulation are introduced in first part. The multicarrier modulation with filter bank (FMT) is described in detail.The different methods of design the fiter bank are given and compared. Channel equalization are introduced in second part. The attention was focused on minimum mean square error filtering (MMSE). Decision feedback channel equalizer (DFE) is extended from linear MMSE equalizer. DFE equalizers were programmed in analysis tool. For computation of equalizer coeficients was used also equalizers based on adaptive algorithms and MMSE. The last part describes the results of DFE equalizers used in communication system with FMT modulation. Analysis tool was programmed in MATLAB with a graphical user interface. It allows to show mean square error, signal-to-noise ratio and transmission speed dependence on delay between original and distorted signal. Signal-to-noise ration is displayed also in individual subchannels and users can display mean square error dependence on different orders of DFE filters.

The main aim of this master's thesis was the create function models of wireless network technologies using the modern multitones modulation like is PFDM and FMT. This work is realised in Matlab – Simulink enviroment and models are tested in development kit. Development kit is universal software defined radio developer by Ettus.

The work is focused on multitone modulation implemented by filter banks, which are alternative modulations to DMT and OFDM modulations. The paper describes the two proposed modulation schemes, non-overlapped FMT and half-overlapped FMT. This modulations utilize the benefits of implementing FFT algorithm in conjunction with a bank of polyphase filters that are derived from the prototype filter. To design the prototype filter a Matlab tool is developed. For both modulations the simulation models were created for xDSL systems and for wireless transmission channel. Non-overlapped FMT modulation proved to be a suitable modulation scheme for channels with narrowband interference and sharp edges in the transmission function of the channel. It was allowed by perfect separation of each subchannel and with preserving the orthogonality between subchannels using the FFT algorithm and utilization of appropriate filters. Half-overlapped FMT modulation allows as well as the DMT modulation optimal utilization of provided transmittion band, because the power spectral density of the signal is flat. But it is not suitable for transmission channels with roughly shaped by changes in the transmission function and narrowband interference. Optimization implementations were designed using parallel processing on the DSP Texas Instruments TMS320C67x series. It thus achieved almost ten-fold reduction in computational complexity. In FMT modulation both options ensure increased signal to noise ratio and thus allow the use of constellation diagrams with a large number of signal elements with the same transmit power and also higher transmission speed.

No description available.

Many years of communication research have shown that an increase in immediacy has been a major factor that affects students‘ perceptions of instructor credibility which in turn affects, both students‘ cognitive and affective learning, student state motivation and a variety of other positive outcomes. However, in order for immediacy to be effective, instructor and student must be in the same location at the same time. With the recent push toward on-line classes, what can we find to act like immediacy in a text based format? This research suggests that face threat mitigation can be used in a text-based environment, to achieve the pro-social goals of instructor credibility and student state motivation to the same extent as it does when coupled with immediacy. This study is a replication of a study done by Witt and Kerssen-Griep (2012). In the original study face threat mitigation (FTM) was coupled with instructor nonverbal immediacy (NVI) and they examined the impact these factors had on instructor credibility (i.e., competence, character, and caring) and student state motivation in a video simulated feedback situation. This study surveyed 218 undergraduate students in an introductory communication course. Students were randomly assigned to read hypothetical scenarios in which FTM was manipulated in a manner similar to Witt and Kerssen-Griep‘s study. They responded to three scales. The current study removed the instructor by using a simulated electronic feedback correspondence. Results of a MANCOVA and four separate ANOVAs were similar to those of the original findings. FTM was found to have a significant positive relationship with instructor credibility (i.e., competence, character, and caring) and student state motivation.

The human gut microbiome is home to many hundreds of different microbes which play a crucial role in human physiology. For most of them, little is known about how their genetic diversity translates into functional traits and how they interact with their host, which is to some extent due to the lack of isolate genomes. Cultivation-free metagenomic approaches yield extensive amounts of bacterial genetic data, and recently developed algorithms allow strain-level resolution and reconstruction of bacterial genomes from metagenomes, yet bacterial within-species diversity and transmission dynamics after fecal microbiota transplantation remain largely unexplored over cohorts and using these technological advances. To investigate bacterial within-species diversity I first undertook large-scale exploratory studies to characterize the population-level genomic makeup of the two key human gut microbes Eubacterium rectale and Akkermansia muciniphila , leveraging many hundreds of bacterial draft genomes reconstructed from short-read shotgun metagenomics datasets from all around the planet. For E. rectale , I extended previous observations about clustering of subspecies with geography, which suggested isolation by distance and the putative ancestral loss of four distinct motility operons, rendering a subspecies specifically found in Europe immotile. For A. muciniphila, I found that there are several closely related but undescribed Akkermansia spp. in the human gut that are all likely human-specific but are differentially associated with host body mass index, showcasing metabolic differences and distinct co-abundance patterns with putative cognate phages . For both species, I discovered distinct subspecies-level genetic variation in structural polysaccharide synthesis operons. Next, utilizing a complementary strain-resolved approach to track strains between individuals, I undertook a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) meta-analysis integrating 24 distinct clinical metagenomic datasets. I found that patients with an infectious disease or those who underwent antibiotic treatment displayed increased donor strain uptake and that some bacterial clades engraft more consistently than others. Furthermore, I developed a machine-learning framework that allows optimizing microbial parameters - such as bacterial richness - in the recipient after FMT based on donor microbiome features, representing first steps towards making a rational donor choice. Taken together, in my work I extended the strain-level understanding of human gut commensals and showcased that genomes from metagenomes can be suitable to conduct large-scale bacterial population genetics studies on other understudied human gut commensals. I further confirmed that strain-resolved metagenomics allows tracking of strains and thus inference of strain engraftment characteristics in an FMT meta-analysis, revealing important differences in engraftment over cohorts and species and paving the way towards better designed FMTs. I believe that my work is an important contribution to the field of microbiome research, showcasing the power of shotgun metagenomics, modern algorithms and large-scale data analysis to reveal previously unattainable insights about the human gut microbiome.

Vår avsikt med denna uppsats var att undersöka huruvida det finns skillnader i tankar kring och arbete med läs- och skrivsvårigheter, om utbildade lärare även har kunskaper i neurovetenskap utifrån vidare utbildning. För att undersöka detta har vi valt att använda oss av ett frågeformulär bestående av kvalitativa intervjufrågor som metod för insamlig av data. Sex lärare deltar i undersökningen varav hälften av dessa även har en utbildning inom funktionsinriktad musikterapi, vilken har sin grund i neurovetenskap. Forskningsbakgrunden visar på vad forskare anser inom området neurovetenskap kopplat till pedagogik och läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Vi har även redogjort för den funktionsinriktade musikterapin som metod. Resultatet visar att det finns en skillnad mellan lärarna i definitionen av läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Lärare med neurovetenskapliga kunskaper ser till bakomliggande orsaker till barns läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Resultatet visar även på skillnader i hur lärare med olika bakgrund möter barns behov i arbetet med läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Lärare med kunskaper inom neurovetenskap ser barnets utveckling ur ett helhetsperspektiv, vilket ligger till grund för deras arbete med läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Det handlar om att skapa förutsättningar för barnets utveckling snarare än att träna själva svårigheten. För detta ser vi lärarkompetens som viktigaste resurs. Därför bör lärare redan under utbildningen få kunskaper i neurovetenskap och dess betydelse i arbetet med läs- och skrivsvårigheter.

In a school system with fewer teachers, larger groups, and less resources, functionally oriented music therapy (FMT) could be a useful method of helping children function better at school.  In what way can FMT help improve children’s ability to deal with the challenges facing them at school?  During a project that lasted for 26 weeks, two children from a Swedish preschool class were offered individual FMT once a week.  The group as a whole was divided in two and offered group music (according to the Music in preparation for school (MUISC) programme) every second week.  There was an interview with the teacher, along with an assessment of function for the two individuals, at the beginning and at the end of the project.  The two individuals receiving regular FMT functioned better at school at the end of the project.  FMT could be an effective resource to help improve children’s ability to deal with the challenges facing them at school.

<p>I detta examensarbete presenteras olika inriktningar av musikterapi och FMT-metoden (Funktionsinriktad musikterapi) belyses ingående. Här beskrivs arbetssätt och arbetsmaterialet nämns. Ett historiskt perspektiv ges både på människor med funktionshinder genom tiderna och på musikterapins utveckling i världen och i Sverige. Olika musikterapidiscipliner presenteras liksom befintliga utbildningsmöjligheter.</p><p> </p><p>Två elever/adepter presenteras och terapin med dessa beskrivs detaljerat. Arbetet tar upp frågan om FMT-metoden måste ändras eller justeras för att kunna användas i terapin med en synskadad person? Kontentan är att det inte behövs några förändringar av metoden för att fungera för adepter med synskada.</p> / <p>This paper presents, in two case studies, the use of Functionally Oriented Music Therapy (FMT- method) with visually impaired students. The therapy with the students is described in detail, along with FMT methodology. The conclusion is that the FMT method does not need any modification when used with visually impaired students.</p><p> </p><p>The field of music therapy in general and the various disciplines are described, along with its history and development in Sweden and the world, The situation of disabled persons is also presented in an historical framework.</p>

I detta examensarbete presenteras olika inriktningar av musikterapi och FMT-metoden (Funktionsinriktad musikterapi) belyses ingående. Här beskrivs arbetssätt och arbetsmaterialet nämns. Ett historiskt perspektiv ges både på människor med funktionshinder genom tiderna och på musikterapins utveckling i världen och i Sverige. Olika musikterapidiscipliner presenteras liksom befintliga utbildningsmöjligheter.   Två elever/adepter presenteras och terapin med dessa beskrivs detaljerat. Arbetet tar upp frågan om FMT-metoden måste ändras eller justeras för att kunna användas i terapin med en synskadad person? Kontentan är att det inte behövs några förändringar av metoden för att fungera för adepter med synskada. / This paper presents, in two case studies, the use of Functionally Oriented Music Therapy (FMT- method) with visually impaired students. The therapy with the students is described in detail, along with FMT methodology. The conclusion is that the FMT method does not need any modification when used with visually impaired students.   The field of music therapy in general and the various disciplines are described, along with its history and development in Sweden and the world, The situation of disabled persons is also presented in an historical framework.