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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The effects of expectation on sensory perception and acceptance

Deliza, Rosires January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
2

Ecologia alimentar e estratégias de germinação de sementes consumidas por marsupiais (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) em uma área de Cerrado no sudeste do Brasil / Feeding ecology and strategies of seed germination consumed by marsupials (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) in an area of Cerrado in southeastern Brazil

Leonardo Guimarães Lessa 06 July 2012 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / No Brasil, a Família Didelphidae é composta por 54 espécies com ampla distribuição por diferentes habitats e um padrão de consumo alimentar que pode variar desde espécies mais frugívoras até as mais insetívoras/carnívoras. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a relação entre a dieta de sete espécies de didelfídeos (Caluromys philander, Didelphis albiventris, Gracilinanus agilis, G. microtarsus, Marmosa (Micoureus) paraguayana, Marmosops incanus e Metachirus nudicaudatus) e a seleção de recursos alimentares (artrópodes e frutos) disponíveis. O estudo foi realizado entre novembro de 2009 e outubro de 2011, em uma área de mata ciliar de cerrado no Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Artrópodes, frutos, flores e vertebrados foram consumidos em diferentes proporções pelas espécies estudadas. Flores e vertebrados foram consumidos preferencialmente na estação seca e a diversidade da dieta de todas as espécies foi maior durante a estação chuvosa. Nem todos os recursos (artrópodes e frutos) foram consumidos de acordo com sua disponibilidade na área de estudo. Apesar de abundante, Hymenoptera (Formicidade) foi rejeitado por todas as espécies, sendo consumido abaixo de sua disponibilidade local. Os didelfídeos selecionaram frutos de Melastomataceae (Clidemia urceolata e Miconia spp.) e rejeitaram frutos de Rubiaceae, um recurso altamente abundante na área de estudo. Os resultados sugerem que o frequente consumo de um item alimentar pode estar associado tanto com a preferência (seleção) por parte do consumidor, bem como com a disponibilidade local do recurso. A maior parte das sementes, que permaneceram intactas após passagem pelo trato digestório dos animais, não apresentou diferenças significativas em suas taxas de germinação quando comparadas com as sementes do grupo controle e o tempo médio de dormência das sementes consumidas pelos marsupiais variou entre 30 (Cipocereus minensis) e 175 dias (Cordiera sessilis). Gracilinanus agilis e G. microtarsus, que ocorrem em simpatria na área de estudo, apesar de apresentarem uma alta sobreposição de nicho apresentaram diferenças no uso do habitat e na diversidade da dieta. / In Brazil, the family Didelphidae comprises 54 species widely distributed in different habitats and a dietary pattern that can vary from species more frugivorous to the most insectivorous/carnivorous. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the diet of seven species of didelphids (Caluromys philander, Didelphis albiventris, Gracilinanus agilis, G. microtarsus, Marmosa (Micoureus) paraguayana, Marmosops incanus e Metachirus nudicaudatus) and the selection of the available food resources (arthropods and fruits). The study was conducted between November 2009 and October 2011 in a riparian area of Cerrado in the Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Arthropods, fruits, flowers and vertebrates were consumed in different proportions by the studied species. Flowers and vertebrates were consumed mainly in the dry season and the diversity of the diet of all species was higher during the rainy season. Not all resources (arthropods and fruits) were consumed according to their availability in the study site. Although abundant, Hymenoptera (Formicidade) was rejected by all species being consumed below their local availability. The didelphids selected fruits of Melastomataceae (Miconia and Clidemia urceolata spp.) and rejected fruits of Rubiaceae, a feature highly abundant in the study site. The results suggest that the frequent use of a food item may be associated both with the preference (selection) of the consumers, as well as the local availability of the resource. Most seeds that remained intact after passage through the digestive tract of animals, do not show significant differences in their rates of germination compared with seeds from the control group and the average time of dormancy consumed by marsupials ranged from 30 (Cipocereus minensis) and 175 days (Cordiera sessilis). Gracilinanus agilis and G. microtarsus, which occur sympatrically in the study site, although having a high niche overlap showed differences in habitat use and dietary diversity.
3

Ecologia alimentar e estratégias de germinação de sementes consumidas por marsupiais (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) em uma área de Cerrado no sudeste do Brasil / Feeding ecology and strategies of seed germination consumed by marsupials (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) in an area of Cerrado in southeastern Brazil

Leonardo Guimarães Lessa 06 July 2012 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / No Brasil, a Família Didelphidae é composta por 54 espécies com ampla distribuição por diferentes habitats e um padrão de consumo alimentar que pode variar desde espécies mais frugívoras até as mais insetívoras/carnívoras. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a relação entre a dieta de sete espécies de didelfídeos (Caluromys philander, Didelphis albiventris, Gracilinanus agilis, G. microtarsus, Marmosa (Micoureus) paraguayana, Marmosops incanus e Metachirus nudicaudatus) e a seleção de recursos alimentares (artrópodes e frutos) disponíveis. O estudo foi realizado entre novembro de 2009 e outubro de 2011, em uma área de mata ciliar de cerrado no Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Artrópodes, frutos, flores e vertebrados foram consumidos em diferentes proporções pelas espécies estudadas. Flores e vertebrados foram consumidos preferencialmente na estação seca e a diversidade da dieta de todas as espécies foi maior durante a estação chuvosa. Nem todos os recursos (artrópodes e frutos) foram consumidos de acordo com sua disponibilidade na área de estudo. Apesar de abundante, Hymenoptera (Formicidade) foi rejeitado por todas as espécies, sendo consumido abaixo de sua disponibilidade local. Os didelfídeos selecionaram frutos de Melastomataceae (Clidemia urceolata e Miconia spp.) e rejeitaram frutos de Rubiaceae, um recurso altamente abundante na área de estudo. Os resultados sugerem que o frequente consumo de um item alimentar pode estar associado tanto com a preferência (seleção) por parte do consumidor, bem como com a disponibilidade local do recurso. A maior parte das sementes, que permaneceram intactas após passagem pelo trato digestório dos animais, não apresentou diferenças significativas em suas taxas de germinação quando comparadas com as sementes do grupo controle e o tempo médio de dormência das sementes consumidas pelos marsupiais variou entre 30 (Cipocereus minensis) e 175 dias (Cordiera sessilis). Gracilinanus agilis e G. microtarsus, que ocorrem em simpatria na área de estudo, apesar de apresentarem uma alta sobreposição de nicho apresentaram diferenças no uso do habitat e na diversidade da dieta. / In Brazil, the family Didelphidae comprises 54 species widely distributed in different habitats and a dietary pattern that can vary from species more frugivorous to the most insectivorous/carnivorous. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the diet of seven species of didelphids (Caluromys philander, Didelphis albiventris, Gracilinanus agilis, G. microtarsus, Marmosa (Micoureus) paraguayana, Marmosops incanus e Metachirus nudicaudatus) and the selection of the available food resources (arthropods and fruits). The study was conducted between November 2009 and October 2011 in a riparian area of Cerrado in the Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Arthropods, fruits, flowers and vertebrates were consumed in different proportions by the studied species. Flowers and vertebrates were consumed mainly in the dry season and the diversity of the diet of all species was higher during the rainy season. Not all resources (arthropods and fruits) were consumed according to their availability in the study site. Although abundant, Hymenoptera (Formicidade) was rejected by all species being consumed below their local availability. The didelphids selected fruits of Melastomataceae (Miconia and Clidemia urceolata spp.) and rejected fruits of Rubiaceae, a feature highly abundant in the study site. The results suggest that the frequent use of a food item may be associated both with the preference (selection) of the consumers, as well as the local availability of the resource. Most seeds that remained intact after passage through the digestive tract of animals, do not show significant differences in their rates of germination compared with seeds from the control group and the average time of dormancy consumed by marsupials ranged from 30 (Cipocereus minensis) and 175 days (Cordiera sessilis). Gracilinanus agilis and G. microtarsus, which occur sympatrically in the study site, although having a high niche overlap showed differences in habitat use and dietary diversity.
4

An Evaluation of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Perceived Social Distancing Policies in Relation to Planning, Selecting, and Preparing Healthy Meals: An Observational Study in 38 Countries Worldwide

Backer, Charlotte De, Teunissen, Lauranna, Cuykx, Isabelle, Decorte, Paulien, Pabian, Sara, Gerritsen, Sarah, Matthys, Christophe, Sabbah, Haleama Al, Royen, Kathleen Van, Bergheim, Ina, Staltner, Raphaela, Devine, Amanda, Sambell, Ros, Wallace, Ruth, Allehdan, Sabika Salem, Alalwan, Tariq Abdulkarim, Al-Mannai, Mariam Ahamad, Ismail, Leila Cheikh, Backer, Charlotte De, Ouvrein, Gaelle, Poels, Karolien, Vandebosch, Heidi, Maldoy, Katrien, Matthys, Christophe, Smits, Tim, Vrinten, Jules, Desmet, Ann, Teughels, Nelleke, Geuens, Maggie, Vermeir, Iris, Proesmans, Viktor, Hudders, Liselot, De Barcellos, Marcia Dutra, Ostermann, Cristina, Brock, Ana Luiza, Favieiro, Cynthia, Trizotto, Rafaela, Stangherlin, Isadora, Mafra, Anthonieta Looman, Varella, Marco Antonio Correa, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Fisher, Maryanne L., Maceacheron, Melanie, White, Katherine, Habib, Rishad, Dobson, David S., Schnettler, Berta, Orellana, Ligia, Miranda-Zapata, Edgardo, Chang, Angela Wen Yu, Jiao, Wen, Tingchi, Matthew, Liu, Grunert, Klaus G., Christensen, Rikke Nyland, Reisch, Lucia, Janssen, Meike, Abril-Ulloa, Victoria, Encalada, Lorena, Kamel, Iman, Vainio, Annukka, Niva, Mari, Salmivaara, Laura, Makela, Johanna, Torkkeli, Kaisa, Mai, Robert, Kerschke-Risch, Pamela, Altsitsiadis, Efthymios, Stamos, Angelos, Antronikidis, Andreas, Tsafarakis, Stelios, Delias, Pavlos, Rasekhi, Hamid, Vafa, Mohammad Reza, Majid, Karandish, Eftekhari, Hassan, Henchion, Maeve, McCarthy, Sinead, McCarthy, Mary, Micalizzi, Alessandra, Schulz, Peter J., Farinosi, Manuela, Komatsu, Hidenori, Tanaka, Nobuyuki, Kubota, Hiromi, Tayyem, Reema, Al-Awwad, Narmeen J., Al-Bayyari, Nahla, Ibrahim, Mohammed O., Hammouh, Fadwa, Dashti, Somaia, Dashti, Basma, Alkharaif, Dhuha, Alshatti, Amani, Mazedi, Maryam Al 04 February 2021 (has links)
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Objectives: To examine changes in planning, selecting, and preparing healthy foods in relation to personal factors (time, money, stress) and social distancing policies during the COVID-19 crisis. Methods: Using cross-sectional online surveys collected in 38 countries worldwide in April-June 2020 (N = 37,207, Mage 36.7 SD 14.8, 77% women), we compared changes in food literacy behaviors to changes in personal factors and social distancing policies, using hierarchical multiple regression analyses controlling for sociodemographic variables. Results: Increases in planning (4.7 SD 1.3, 4.9 SD 1.3), selecting (3.6 SD 1.7, 3.7 SD 1.7), and preparing (4.6 SD 1.2, 4.7 SD 1.3) healthy foods were found for women and men, and positively related to perceived time availability and stay-at-home policies. Psychological distress was a barrier for women, and an enabler for men. Financial stress was a barrier and enabler depending on various sociodemographic variables (all p < 0.01). Conclusion: Stay-at-home policies and feelings of having more time during COVID-19 seem to have improved food literacy. Stress and other social distancing policies relate to food literacy in more complex ways, highlighting the necessity of a health equity lens. / Agentschap Innoveren en Ondernemen / Revisión por pares
5

Relações entre problemas de linguagem oral e idiossincrasias alimentares em crianças de uma creche do município de São Paulo / Relations between oral language problems and eating idiosyncrasies in children of a day care from São Paulo district

Telles, Mariana Sequeira 19 February 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Sequeira Telles.pdf: 1919180 bytes, checksum: a404484260f204193b3e358f4c195d99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Eating problems are normal complains in children, and although they don t appear as a explicit or initial complain from the family to the speech therapist they usually come up on the therapeutic process. Traditionally speech therapy approaches the matter on the perspective of the functions of the stomatognathic system, suction, chewing, agglutination and breathing (MACHADO, 2007). Recent researches on the speech therapy area are leading to think about this problems in a different point of view, through the concept of orality. This studies suggests the co-occurrence between feeding disorders and orality disorders, with a distinction on the incidence of eating idiosyncrasy. Objective: to investigate the possible co-occurrence between oral language problems and eating idiosyncrasies on children of a day care in São Paulo. Method: The research was made with 34 children, between the ages of two and four and four months years of age from a day care in São Paulo. A questionnaire was sent to the people responsible for the children and their care takers from the day care to verify if there were any complains about oral language and/or feeding disorders. The children were evaluated on a dialogic situation, on the ludic context, during twenty minutes. After the observation, the functioning record of communication was made through PROC (ZORZI, HAGE, 2004) and a phoneme album (VOLPE, 2005). All children were evaluated during an everyday feeding scene (lunch). The observation was made in each table, during the eating period. The record of the eating scene was made by Jorge e Rizzo (2006) adapted protocol. Results: There were no relations between the disorders (oral language and/or feeding idiosyncrasy) and age. It was observed that a percentage of the idiosyncrasy occurrences was higher on the children with oral problems (95%) in comparison to the children with out oral language problems. Conclusion: The results obtained on this research reaffirm that the recent studies, showing the importance of the speech therapy approach doesn t dichotomize the acts of speaking and eating. Considering the expressed symptoms on the oral zone as oral disorders, associated with the erogenization of this corporal zone; organic and psychic aspects begging to be contemplated on the interventions. Which on our point of view, favors the efficacy of the clinic method on the course of speech therapeutic process / Os problemas alimentares são queixas comuns em crianças e apesar de, geralmente, não aparecerem como queixa inicial e/ou explícita no discurso familiar na clínica fonoaudiológica; costumam surgir durante o processo terapêutico. Tradicionalmente, a Fonoaudiologia aborda a alimentação na perspectiva das funções do sistema estomatognático: sucção, mastigação, deglutição e respiração (MACHADO, 2007). Mas, pesquisas recentes na área fonoaudiológica tem levado a pensar esses problemas à partir de uma visão diferente, através do conceito de oralidade. Essas pesquisas sugerem a co-ocorrência entre problemas alimentares e de linguagem oral, com destaque para a incidência de idiossincrasias alimentares.Objetivo: é investigar as possíveis co-ocorrências entre problemas de linguagem oral e idiossincrasias alimentares em crianças de uma creche do município de São Paulo. Método: A pesquisa contou com a participação de 34 crianças, entre 2,0 e 4,4 anos, de uma creche do município de São Paulo. Um questionário foi enviado aos seus responsáveis e cuidadoras da creche para verificar se havia queixa de problemas de linguagem oral e/ou problemas alimentares. Os sujeitos foram avaliados em situação dialógica, no contexto lúdico, durante 20 minutos. Após a observação, o registro do funcionamento da comunicação foi feito através do PROC (ZORZI, HAGE, 2004) e um álbum de fonemas (VOLPE, 2005). Todos os sujeitos foram observados durante uma cena alimentar cotidiana da creche (almoço). A observação foi realizada a cada mesa, durante o período da refeição. O registro da cena alimentar foi realizado através do protocolo de Jorge e Rizzo (2006) adaptado. Resultados: Não houve relação entre problemas (de linguagem oral e/ou idiossincrasias alimentares) e idade.Foi observado que a porcentagem de ocorrência de idiossincrasias alimentares é maior nas crianças com problemas de linguagem oral (95%) do que nas crianças sem problemas de linguagem oral. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos nessa pesquisa reafirmam os de outros estudos recentes, evidenciando a importância de que a abordagem fonoaudiológica não dicotomize os atos de falar e comer. Ao considerar os sintomas manifestos na zona oral como transtornos na oralidade, isto é, associados à erogenização dessa região corporal; aspectos orgânicos e psíquicos passam a ser contemplados nas intervenções. O que, a nosso ver, favorece a eficácia do método clínico no decorrer dos processos terapêuticos fonoaudiológicos
6

La menace du poids idéal : effets de la menace du stéréotype sur les choix et la consommation alimentaires de jeunes femmes se percevant en surpoids / The threat of the ideal body weight : effects of stereotype threat on food choices and food consumption in young women who perceive themselves as overweight

Houtin, Laurène 24 October 2018 (has links)
Cette thèse a pour objectif l’examen des conséquences de la stigmatisation du surpoids chez les jeunes femmes qui se perçoivent en surpoids (que cette perception soit justifiée ou non) via le phénomène de menace du stéréotype (Steele & Aronson, 1995). Nous proposons que des contextes menaçants, en lien avec les stéréotypes négatifs qui portent sur les comportements alimentaires des personnes en surpoids, peuvent biaiser l’estimation que ces femmes font des aliments et augmenter leur consommation d’aliments réconfortants. Les études expérimentales de ce travail doctoral confirment ces hypothèses : leurs résultats indiquent que plus les femmes pensent avoir un excès de poids, (i) moins elles réussissent à estimer la teneur calorique des aliments et à sélectionner les plats en fonction de leurs valeurs nutritionnelles, et (ii) plus elles consomment d’aliments gras et sucrés. Nous investiguons également le rôle médiateur des émotions (et notamment celui de l’anxiété) ainsi que sur celui de la réduction des ressources disponibles en mémoire de travail dans ces effets. Si nos études ne permettent pas d’affirmer l’implication de mécanismes émotionnels, une de nos études met en cause la diminution des ressources en mémoire de travail.Bien que d’autres études ont déjà fait état des conséquences de la menace du stéréotype lié au surpoids chez les personnes objectivement en surpoids (e.g., Brochu & Dovidio, 2014), les études de cette thèse sont les premières à mettre en évidence les conséquences de ce phénomène chez les femmes qui se perçoivent en surpoids, et à confirmer qu’il est nécessaire de prendre en compte cette variable dans l’étude des conséquences de la stigmatisation du surpoids. / This thesis aims to examine the consequences the stigma of overweight among young women who perceive themselves as overweight (whether this perception is justified or not), via the phenomenon of stereotype threat (Steele & Aronson, 1995). We propose that threatening contexts (in which negative stereotypes are about the eating behaviours of overweight people are activated), can (i) bias overweight self-perceived women's nutritional values assessment, and thus lead them to select dishes that are not adapted to their needs, and (ii) increase their consumption of comfort food. The experimental studies of this doctoral work tend to confirm these hypotheses: their results indicate that the more young women think they are overweight, (i) the less successful they are at estimating the calorie content of foods and selecting dishes on the basis of their nutritional values, (ii) the more they consume fatty and sugary foods. We also investigate the roles of emotions (especially anxiety) and working memory resources in these effects. Although our studies do not allow us to assert the involvement of emotional mechanisms, one of our studies underlines the role of a decrease in working memory resources. While other studies have already reported the deleterious consequences of overweight stereotype threat in objectively overweight individuals (e.g., Brochu & Dovidio, 2014), ours are the first to report on the consequences of this phenomenon in overweight self-perceived women, and confirm that weight perception must be taken into account in studies on the negative health consequences associated with weight stigma.

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