Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:52:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6401083 bytes, checksum: 45769786a95c2d5edf1695bf9411cb49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of the present dissertation is the process of a compositional formalization out of the principles of the chaos theory and deterministic chaos in order to structure the textural plan of the pieces Logistic Textures II and TexturalCalc, for string orchestra and chamber orchestra, respectively. The dissertation is divided in three chapters, in which there are relevant musical and mathematical definitions, presentation of the used equations and calculi, both plans and, finally, the description of the compositional procedures of the pieces created during the research. Textural process of conexion and contrast, as well as the concepts of absolut density, relative density and complexity we used. The parameters related to these concepts were mapped according to the chaotic development of some non linear systems, with the aid of an application designed specifically for the task. The systems used were the logistic equation and the preyhunter model. This work aims for a better view of the characteristics of a formalizaed compositional process and the usage of the available resources in the contemporary music. / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo o processo de formalização composicional a partir da utilização de princípios da teoria do caos e do caos determinístico para a estruturação do planejamento textural das obras Logistic Textures II e TexturalCalc, para orquestra de cordas e orquestra de câmera, respectivamente. A dissertação está dividida em três capítulos, nos quais se encontram as definições musicais e matemáticas relevantes ao trabalho, a apresentação das equações e cálculos utilizados, o planejamento textural e, por fim, a descrição dos procedimentos composicionais das peças elaboradas no decorrer da pesquisa. Foram utilizados os processos texturais de conexão e contraste, bem como os conceitos de densidade absoluta, densidade relativa e complexidade. Os parâmetros relacionados a tais conceitos foram mapeados de acordo com o desenvolvimento caótico de determinados sistemas não lineares, com a ajuda de um aplicativo desenvolvido especificamente para tal tarefa. Os sistemas utilizados foram a equação logística e o modelo caça-predador. Este trabalho visa uma melhor compreensão dos aspectos característicos de um processo composicional formalizado e a utilização de recursos disponíveis na música contemporânea.

Submitted by Morgana Silva (morgana_linhares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-19T16:01:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6228542 bytes, checksum: 95222ab9091e439fc4eea1bd2c9ed8ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-19T16:01:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6228542 bytes, checksum: 95222ab9091e439fc4eea1bd2c9ed8ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The main proposal of this research was to investigate the concept of density in music, to plan and to compose a cycle of three pieces for chamber orchestra titled Dimensões, which were based mainly in the textural density‟s control and in the morphological characterization. For that, we elaborated a tool to achieve the control of the textural density (Strawberry), which was developed originally in this research from a ramification of Wallace Berry‟s density calculation, arose from the author‟s theory about musical texture, presented in his book Structural Functions in Music (1987), complementing it with analytical aspects developed by Didier Guigue in the book Estética da Sonoridade (2011). Concomitantly with the delineation of the densities calculated, we elaborated compositional plans taking as reference practices or formal models used by composers in the 20th Century. / A proposta central da dissertação foi pesquisar o conceito de densidade em música, planejar e compor um ciclo de três peças para orquestra de câmara intitulado Dimensões, baseando-se sobretudo no controle da densidade textural e na caracterização morfológica. Para tanto, elaboramos uma ferramenta para o controle da densidade textural (Strawberry), desenvolvida originalmente nesta pesquisa a partir de um desdobramento do cálculo de densidades oriundo da teoria sobre textura musical de Wallace Berry, apresentada em seu livro Structural Functions in Music (1987), complementando com aspectos analíticos desenvolvidos por Didier Guigue no livro Estética da Sonoridade (2011). Concomitantemente com o delineamento das densidades calculadas, elaboramos planejamentos composicionais tomandose como referência práticas ou modelos formais vivenciados por compositores no século XX.

Le discret et le continu sont explicitement présents dans les programmes scolaires officiels, depuis 2001, sans qu’ils ne fassent l’objet de définitions ni de théorèmes. Où se logent-ils ? Sont-ils source de difficultés pour les élèves ? Comment décrire, d’un point de vue didactique, ce type de notion ? Nos analyses s’inscrivent dans le cadrage de la théorie de l’activité adaptée à la didactique des mathématiques ; pour apprécier la réalité de l’enseignement et compte tenu du côté diffus du discret et du continu dans les mathématiques à enseigner, nous avons été amenée à analyser un spectre large de données, à l’aide d’outils provenant principalement de ce cadre théorique, et d’une méthodologie guidée par la multiplicité des aspects du discret et du continu mis en lumière par une analyse épistémo-mathématique préliminaire. Nous prenons pour support de cette étude l’enseignement de l’analyse et des probabilités au lycée général. Les documents officiels, manuels, épreuves d’examens nationaux, copies et entretiens d’élèves nous permettent de dessiner le relief des notions abordées dans ces deux thèmes ; les questionnaires, capsules vidéo sur internet et une séance en classe nous donnent un aperçu des conceptions et des pratiques de futurs enseignants ainsi que d’enseignants en exercice. Ces analyses permettent de révéler deux « mondes » qui se côtoient, voire s’interpénètrent par l’intermédiaire de notions, de vocabulaire, de techniques plus ou moins analogues, qui présentent aussi des ruptures importantes, sources de difficultés pour les élèves, qui mériteraient davantage d’explicitations dans les mathématiques enseignées. Elles soulignent aussi un changement de paradigme en cours dans l’enseignement des mathématiques, qui fait aujourd’hui une plus grande place à la modélisation et par conséquent aux jeux entre discret et continu. / The notions of discrete and continuous have been explicitly present in French secondary school curricula since 2001, while being neither defined nor the subject matter of theorems. Therefore, where can they be found ? Do students have difficulties regarding these notions? How could we describe them from a didactic perspective? This work comes within the framework of the activity theory as it has been adapted to mathematics education ; the notions of discrete and continuous are spread throughout the mathematics to be taught, leading us to analyze a large range of data, with tools that this theoretical framework provides. The methodology stems from the multiple aspects of discrete and continuous as highlighted in a preliminary epistemo-mathematic analysis. This study is based on the teaching of Calculus and Probability in French secondary school. Official documents, textbooks, national exams, student papers and interviews, enable us to describe the “relief” of the notions pertaining to both themes ; in addition, questionnaires, internet videos, a classroom session provide us with a general idea of teachers’ conceptions and practice. These analyses reveal two “worlds” which come close, sometimes interfering through more or less similar notions, vocabulary and techniques, other times with important ruptures ; those interferences are source of some students’ difficulties and could be more explicit in the teaching process. Furthermore, they underline a current change in the French mathematics education paradigm, in which modeling takes a greater part and consequently gives more room for interplay between discrete and continuous

L'administration utilise de plus en plus le procédé contractuel, notamment les marchés publics, contrats par lesquels elle satisfait ses besoins en travaux, fournitures et services. Au sein des marchés, à côté des procédures formalisées soumises aux directives communautaires, une catégorie particulière de marché a été créée par le code des marchés publics de 2004 : les marchés à procédure adaptée (M.A.P.A.). Ces marchés, qui constituent une innovation du code de 2004 et qui ont été repris par le code de 2006, sont définis par l'article 28 du code comme les marchés « dont les modalités sont librement fixées par le pouvoir adjudicateur en fonction de la nature et des caractéristiques du besoin à satisfaire, du nombre ou de la localisation des opérateurs économiques susceptibles d'y répondre ainsi que des circonstances de l'achat ». Les modalités laissées à l'appréciation du pouvoir adjudicateur ne doivent pas pour autant porter atteinte aux principes généraux de la commande publique (liberté d'accès à la commande publique, égalité de traitement des candidats et transparence des procédures). Ainsi, la liberté accordée aux acheteurs publics dans le cadre des M.A.P.A. a pour contrepartie une responsabilité accrue. Cette marge de manœuvre accorde une place importante à la jurisprudence pour définir le régime de ces marchés et laisse place à l'innovation des acheteurs publics. / The administration uses increasingly the contract process, including procurement, contracts under which it satisfies its needs works, supplies and services. In markets, in addition to formal procedures subject to EU directives, a particular category of contract was created by the Public Procurement Code 2004 : markets appropriate procedure (MAPA). These markets are an innovation of the Code of 2004 and which were included in the Code of 2006, are set out in Article 28 of the Code as markets "whose terms are freely set by the contracting authority in accordance with the nature and characteristics needed to meet the number or location of economic operators likely to respond and the circumstances of the purchase. "Terms at the discretion of the contracting authority should not necessarily undermine the general principles of public procurement (freedom of access to public procurement, equal treatment of candidates and transparency of procedures). Thus, the freedom granted to public purchasers within the MAPA is offset by an increased responsibility. This flexibility gives an important place to the courts to define the treatment of these markets, leaving room for innovation in public buyers.

American political culture has virtually precluded public discussion about the fundamental weaknesses of capitalism, forcing media reformers to argue defensively that commercial broadcasting is a special case of market failure. This investigation questions the historical inevitability of commercialized mass media structure by examining how the ideology of media professionalism is deployed in public debate over noncommercial uses of mass media resources. The work of John Dewey and Walter Lippmann frame a theoretical understanding of how professional autonomy works in opposition to community, and thus how professionalization works in opposition to a shared democratic sphere. Relying on the fundamental concepts of discursive formations studied in depth by Michel Foucault, three case studies analyze historic moments (the invention of listener support by Lewis Hill, the rise of news reporting by community television volunteers, and the introduction of media literacy in K-12 public education) that offer evidence of discursive breaks within the constructions of professionalism that support commercialization, and what those breaks suggest about the re-instantiation of the historical inevitability of the commercial regime. The conclusion discusses how conditions have led us to a point of deprofessionalization, a state in which media consumers disarm the notion of professionalism before it can be deployed as a governing relation, and how deproduction of authoritative texts effectively contains the power of professionalized norms. INDEX WORDS: Professionalism, Professionalization, Media reform, Commercialization, Noncommercial media, Dewey-Lippmann debate, Lewis Hill, Community television, Media literacy, Deproduction, Deprofessionalization

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:52:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1904806 bytes, checksum: 293d2f620c38397a0e06ad3d60704621 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This essay aims at describing a formalized compositional process that applies principles of analytical plain geometry in order to compose the symphonic music Euclidianas, which is a cycle consisting of three pieces: Transmutações I, II e III. Thus, this work is made up by three important points: The macro structural planning, the geometrical planning, and the musical composition. Besides the questions involving the process of textural connection and contrast approached by Mary Wennerstrom, the planning is emphasized by variation of the density parameter developed by Wallace Berry. These concepts were associated with the principles of analytical geometry, such as rotation, augmentation, diminution and deformation process in their individual or compound disposition to mold and develop the sound aggregates in the composition. The conception of this work based on the understanding of some aspects that are related to the formalized compositional process, which is very important to the learning and to the application of some available and developed tools in twentieth century music. / O presente ensaio analítico tem como objetivo descrever o processo de formalização composicional a partir da utilização de princípios da geometria plana analítica na criação da obra Euclidianas que é um ciclo sinfônico composto por três peças: Transmutações I, II e III. Assim, o trabalho está dividido em três pontos importantes: o planejamento macro-estrutural, o planejamento geométrico e a realização musical. Além das questões envolvendo os processos texturais de conexão e contraste abordados por Mary Wennerstrom, o planejamento tem ênfase na variação do parâmetro densidade desenvolvido por Wallace Berry. Esses conceitos foram associados aos princípios da geometria analítica, como, por exemplo, processos de rotação, aumentação, diminuição e deformação em sua disposição individual e composta para moldar os desdobramentos de agregados sonoros na composição. Este trabalho foi concebido para a compreensão dos aspectos básicos que envolvem um processo composicional formalizado, que é de grande valia para o aprendizado e utilização de ferramentas disponíveis e desenvolvidas na música do séc XX.

<p>MathScheme is a long-range research project being conducted at McMaster University with the aim to develop a mechanized mathematics system in which formal deduction and symbolic computation are integrated from the lowest level. The novel notion of a biform theory that is a combination of an axiomatic theory and an algorithmic theory is used to integrate formal deduction and symbolic computation into a uniform theory. A major focus of the project has currently been on building a library of formalized mathematics called the MathScheme Library. The MathScheme Library is based on the little theories method in which a portion of mathematical knowledge is represented as a network of biform theories interconnected via theory morphisms. In this thesis, we describe a systematic explanation of the underlying techniques which have been used for the construction of the MathScheme Library. Then we describe several algebraic constructions that can derive new useful machinery by leveraging the information extracted from a theory. For instance, we show a construction that can reify the term algebra of a (possibly multi-sorted) theory as an inductive data type.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)

Les méthodes formelles ont atteint un degré de maturité conduisant à la conception de systèmes de preuves généralistes, permettant à la fois de vérifier la correction de systèmes logiciels complexes ou de formaliser des mathématiques avancées. Mais souvent, l'accent est mis davantage sur la facilité du raisonnement sur les programmes plutôt que sur leur exécution efficace. L'antagonisme entre ces deux aspects est particulièrement sensible pour les algorithmes de calcul formel, dont la correction repose habituellement sur des concepts mathématiques élaborés, mais dont l'efficacité pratique est une préoccupation importante. Cette thèse développe des approches à l'étude formelle et l'exécution efficace de programmes en théorie des types, et plus précisément dans l'assistant à la preuve \coq{}. Dans un premier temps, nous présentons un environnement d'exécution permettant de compiler en code natif de tels programmes tout en conservant la généralité et l'expressivité du formalisme. Puis, nous nous intéressons aux représentations de données et plus particulièrement au lien formellement vérifié et automatisé entre représentations adaptées aux preuves ou au calcul. Ensuite, nous mettons à profit ces techniques pour l'étude d'algorithmes en algèbre linéaire, comme le produit matriciel de Strassen, le procédé d'élimination de Gauss ou la mise en forme canonique de matrices, dont notamment la forme de Smith pour les matrices sur un anneau euclidien. Enfin, nous ouvrons le champ des applications à la formalisation et au calcul certifié des groupes d'homologie de complexes simpliciaux issus d'images numériques. / Formal methods have reached a degree of maturity leading to the design of general-purpose proof systems, enabling both to verify the correctness of complex software systems and to formalize advanced mathematics. However, the ease of reasoning on programs is often emphasized more than their efficient execution. The antagonism between these two aspects is particularly significant for computer algebra algorithms, whose correctness usually relies on elaborate mathematical concepts, but whose practical efficiency is an important matter of concern. This thesis develops approaches to the formal study and the efficient execution of programs in type theory, and more precisely in the proof assistant \coq{}. In a first part, we introduce a runtime environment enabling the native code compilation of such programs while retaining the generality and expressiveness of the formalism. Then, we focus on data representations and in particular on the formally verified and automatized link between proof-oriented and computation-oriented representations. Then, we take advantage of these techniques to study linear algebra algorithms, like Strassen's matrix product, Gaussian elimination or matrix canonical forms, including the Smith normal form for matrices over a Euclidean ring. Finally, we open the field of applications to the formalization and certified computation of homology groups of simplicial complexes arising from digital images.

I mitt examensarbete undersöker jag hur svensklärare gestaltar genrepedagogik i sin undervisning i ämnet svenska och vilken potential genrepedagogik tillmäts och på vilka grunder. Genrepedagogiken är en stram undervisningsmodell som har sin grund i Australien där undervisningsidealet är synlig undervisning där man namnger språkets delar och lär utdem till eleverna från tidig ålder. I Sverige har genrepedagogiken fått sitt genomslag i ämnet svenska som andraspråk. Där får eleverna möjlighet att skapa texter i olika genrer vilket ger eleverna förutsättningar att förstå och bearbeta olika texttyper. Genom att läraren utför en formaliserad undervisning och anpassar den efter elevernas intresse och behov främjas läroprocessen.Jag har använt mig av kvalitativ metod när jag analyserat svaren från informanterna. Detta är en analysmetod som hjälpt mig att hålla fokus på frågeställningarna, värdera svaren och få tydlighet i analysen. Jag har intervjuat tolv lärare som undervisar på samma skola och precis avslutat en kurs om genrepedagogik.I analys- och resultat delen av mitt examensarbete presenterar jag min empiri som svarar mot mina frågeställningar utifrån olika aspekter beträffande genrepedagogiken och dess påverkan på undervisningen.I min resultatdel kan jag se att lärarna använder sig av genrepedagogik i sin undervisning, dock inte hela tiden utan de delar upp cirkelmodellen och använder sig av de delar de tyckerär det bästa för gruppens och den enskilda individens utveckling. De har utvecklat enförståelse för genrepedagogiken och dess syfte för att utveckla elevernas arbete med olika texttyper, men de vill även fortsätta med en undervisningsmodell som är tydligt funktionaliserad samt ge eleverna möjlighet att utveckla sitt lärande på olika sätt. Nyckelord: Cirkelmodellen, genrepedagogik, inramning, formaliserad undervisning, funktionaliserad undervisning, osynlig undervisning, synlig undervisning

Le management des risques de projet est une préoccupation croissante dans le domaine de la construction. Il ne se limite pas seulement à l’analyse des risques techniques, mais couvre aussi les risques financiers, économiques, organisationnels, réglementaire, contractuel, et d’autres types de risques cruciaux pour des projets de construction complexes et stratégiques. Le management des risques nécessite l’identification, l’analyse, le suivi des risques et des opportunités pendant tout le cycle de vie du projet. Le processus formalisé et systémique de management des risques pour des projets de construction complexes et stratégiques permet d’identifier et d’analyser les risques attachés d’une part à la décomposition chronologique du projet (phases, sous-phases, tâches), à la décomposition organisationnelle du projet (aux acteurs projet), aux ressources, aux contrats, aux facteurs externes et d’autre part aux relations entre ces éléments. Le processus formalisé et systémique s’adapte au caractère dynamique et évolutif du projet, au type de contrat et au type de projet, au niveau de détail souhaité et à la vision de l’acteur qui fait le management des risques. L’ensemble de la démarche est fortement nourri de l’expérience tirée de projets réels au sein de l’entreprise partenaire. Un outil de gestion des risques est mis en place pour mettre en pratique la démarche théorique et pour tester la méthodologie proposée sur plusieurs études de cas des projets Partenariat Public Privé (PPP) et Conception-Construction-Maintenance. / Project risk management is a growing concern in the field of construction. It is not limited to technical risks, but also covers financial risks, economic, organizational or contractual and any type of risks crucial for complex and strategic construction projects. Risk management process involves the identification, analysis, monitoring of risks and opportunities throughout the project life cycle. The formalized and systematic risk management process first identifies and analyzes the risks associated with the chronological decomposition of the project (phases, sub-phases, tasks), with the organizational structure of the project (project actors), with resources, contracts, external factors and material or immaterial flows between these elements. The formalized and systematic approach adapts to the dynamic and evolving nature of the project, to the type of contract and the type of project, to the level of detail and the vision of the stakeholder who manages risks. The whole process is highly fed by real projects study cases. A tool for risk management is developed to put into practice the theoretical approach and to test the process in the case studies of Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Design-Build-Maintenance projects.