Gamybos pramonės sektorius apima viena iš didžiausių ir pelningiausią rinkos sektorių pasaulyje. Norėdamos išlikti ir sėkmingai dirbti besikeičiančios konkurencinės rinkos sąlygomis, įmonės neišvengiamai susiduria su konkurencinio pranašumo didinimo poreikiu. Tuo tikslu yra kuriamos veiklos vystymo strategijos, taikoma naujų technologijų diegimas, verslo valdymo procesų tobulinimas, produktų kokybės didinimas, valdymas, kokybės reikalavimų ir standartų taikymas. Vienas iš gamybos kokybės proceso optimizavimo sprendimas gali būti RFID technologijos pritaikymas gamybos veiklose. RFID yra viena naujausių ir besivystančių technologijų, kuri pasaulyje yra pritaikoma ir naudojama įvairiose srityse. Įgyvendintas projektas ir jo pasakoje sukurta RFID sistemos modulis, bei priemonės gali būti naudojamos, ne tik su užsakovo UAB „RTech“ plėtojama „QMS“ (Quality Management Systems) programinę įrangą, bet ir kaip sąsaja tarp RFID įrangos ir vartotojo veiklos taikomosios programos. Panaudojus RFID technologas ir sąsajas su RFID technologijomis galima: • dalinai automatizuoti gamybos kokybės valdymo procesą, • padidinti efektyvumą gaminio atsekamume, • sumažinti broko kontrolę tiekiant gaminius užsakovui. Šio darbo vienas iš tikslų yra įvertinti sukurta sistemą ir ką būtu galima patobulinti, kad būtų galima padaryti lankstesne pritaikant darbui su kitomis programinės įrangos sistemomis. Darbo metu yra tiriami ir analizuojami ISO standartų RFID sistemų modeliai, bei jų pritaikymo galimybės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Manufactory industry is the most profitable sector of world’s market. Companies confronts with competitive market advantages to keep working successfully in continually changing market conditions. Therefore activities development strategies are created, new technologies are used in installation process, perfection of business control process, increasing quality of products, use of standards and quality requirements. The solution of these problems can be use of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technologies in manufacture management process. RFID is an automatic identification technology that relies on cheap tags (transponders) that can be attached to objects and storage information on it. The results of this project are RFID systems components witch can be used with other users applications such as „QMS“ (Quality Management Systems) of “RTech” company or other users applications. The successful integration of RFID technologies in manufacture quality management process can give effect in: • Automate and computerize manufacture quality management process; • Increase efficiency of product traceability system process; • Reduce rejects on product supply for consumer’s process. One of the master’s work goals is to evaluate the system, which was created in this work. The system can be improved by ISO standard models and made more flexible to use it for other works.

RFID has been characterized as a “disruptive technology” that has the potential to revolutionize numerous key sectors. A key advantage of passive RFID applications is the ability to wirelessly transmit automatic identification and related information using very little power. This paper presents an experimental investigation to inform the optimal configuration for programming passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID media in dynamic applications. Dynamic programming solutions must be designed around the tag’s functionality, the physical programming configuration and environment. In this investigation, we present a methodology to determine an optimal configuration to maximize the systems programming efficiency for dynamic applications.

This thesis investigates inkjet-printed flexible antennas fabricated on paper substrates as a system-level solution for ultra-low-cost and mass production of RF structures. These modules are designed for the UHF Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tags and Wireless Sensor Nodes (WSN); however the approach could be easily extended to other microwave and wireless applications. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction to RFID technology and its capabilities while listing the major challenges that could potentially hinder RFID practical implementation. Chapter 2 discusses the benefits of using paper as a substrate for high-frequency applications, reporting its very good electrical/dielectric performance up to at least 1 GHz. The dielectric properties are studied by using the microstrip ring resonator. Brief discussion on Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) is also given in this chapter. Chapter 3 gives details about the inkjet printing technology, including the characterization of the conductive ink, which consists of nano-silver-particles, while highlighting the importance of this technology as a fast and simple fabrication technique especially on flexible organic (e.g.LCP) or paper-based substrates. Chapter 4 focuses on antenna designs. Four examples are given to provide: i) matching techniques to complex IC impedance, ii) proof of concept of inkjet printing on paper substrate through measurement results, iii) demonstration of a fully-integrated wireless sensor modules on paper and show a 2D sensor integration with an RFID tag module on paper. Chapter 5 concludes the thesis by explaining the importance of this work in creating a first step towards an environmentally friendly generation of "green" RF electronics and modules.

Thesis (MScEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / Traceability systems are capable of both tracking and tracing parts. They offer many benefits to an organisation from assisting with recall applications to monitoring the everyday workings of a production line or supply chain. There are numerous methods able to act as traceability systems but only a few can be regarded as automatic and unique identifiers. Automatic traceability of individual entities is the future. It is already widely used by a number of leading companies throughout different business sectors and wide mass adoption is imminent. At present, they are slightly more expensive than the simpler technologies but once mass produced, the cost will come down. To completely understand how traceability systems are implemented, practical experience is required. When starting a traceability project, there are a lot of different options. The different systems offer their own set of advantages and some don’t work in certain environments. It was for this reason that The Decision Making Model was developed to assist users through the difficult initial stages of traceability implementation (i.e. choosing the system most suitable to a particular environment). This model was programmed in Excel and supplies the user with a number of questions regarding the environment the system would work in as well as the user’s requirements. The answers to these questions help the user work through the different types of traceability options to eliminate unsuitable choices. The result is an easy to use program designed with the ability to be upgraded as the technologies evolve.

The Swedish Transportation Administration started an initiative to create a new e-infrastructure for the railroad sector in Sweden. The purpose is to follow the movement of railroad vehicles on the railway tracks and enhance logistics aspects of the transportation of goods by train. The Swedish initiative works as a pilot project for the railroad sector in the EU and if successful the e-infrastructure could be rolled out in the entire EU. It is a rare opportunity to be a part from the beginning of the creation of such a potential large scale e-infrastructure. The aim of this thesis is to provide advice early in the development process to aid in the success of the design and creation on the e-infrastructure. In the doing of this we will need to evaluate the areas: (1) the current state of the e-infrastructure, (2) the usefulness of the EPCGlobal standard for this e-infrastructure and (3) the usefulness on established e-infrastructures design principles. As a result of the thesis we have provided advice to enhance the design and implementation of the e-infrastructure, also advice is given on how to make the EPCGlobal standard’s more compatibility with the transportation sector. We have found the design principles by Hanseth & Lyytinen (2004) and Eriksson & Ågerfalk (2010) useful for the evaluation of the e-infrastructure. We also advocate that new design principles should be created to encompass the new concept of Internet of Things in e-infrastructures.

Master of Science / Department of Agricultural Economics / Ted C. Schroeder / Electronic animal identification systems are becoming more common in livestock auction markets because of increased numbers of cattle being electronically identified. More cattle are being individually identified because of increasing enrollment in marketing alliances and verification programs. Also, the National Animal Identification System (NAIS) has increased awareness and perhaps use of electronic identification. In this study, individual characteristics of livestock markets were analyzed to determine how they relate to a livestock market operator's views, concerns, and knowledge of the NAIS as well as adoption of RFID reading equipment. Investments in RFID tagging services and RFID reading equipment by livestock markets were estimated and price premiums associated with RFID tagged and preconditioned cattle were estimated. Data were from a national survey of livestock auction markets and cattle transaction data were obtained from three Kansas livestock markets. Auction markets that indicated they currently plan to add a RFID tagging service are likely to have more knowledge of the NAIS program standards, how to adopt the NAIS practices, and the probable costs involved. Managers of facilities that sell a large volume of livestock annually tend to have a higher level of understanding of how to adopt the NAIS practices and be more knowledgeable of the NAIS standards than operators of smallvolume facilities. Managers of markets that have operating RFID reader systems tend to be more understanding of how to adopt the NAIS practices and of costs associated with adopting the NAIS. Livestock market managers tend to be highly concerned that adoption of individual animal identification systems will adversely impact sale speed and tend to view the NAIS as a threat to their business. Large volume facilities, facilities that have registered their premises, and facilities that plan to add a RFID tagging service are more likely to adopt RFID reader systems. Economies of scale exist in RFID system adoption and RFID tagging services for auction markets. Preconditioned and RFID tagged cattle brought a significant premium at only one of three facilities where data were collected.

The cost of packets or pallets handling at the studied freight company has increased considerable through the years due to increase in online shopping. As a result of this, the company has tried different methods of processing packets and pallets at the warehouse without effective result. The primary aim of the study is to analyze communication and collaboration of information in the warehouse and come up with a possible improvement suggestion to the multinational freight company. The result from the analysis shows the weak points in information sharing between different areas of warehouse operations of the multinational freight company. The outcome of the study recommends use of information technology such as Radio Frequency Identification and Wireless Sensor Network. The recommendation will allow extension of information sharing to all processes involved in packets or pallets handling at the warehouse.

The use of technology in business process is gaining much attention, and many businesses today rely on technology as an important part of an efficient and effective way of meeting customers’ satisfaction. This study deals with the adoption of a proper and electronic means of tracking counterfeit drugs in the supply chain (distribution network) through the use of RFID technology. The case of the Ghanaian pharmaceutical group KAMA is considered. The main objective consists in finding out how the adoption of RFID technology would help tracking counterfeit drugs in the supply chain of this company and which benefits this could generate. Three research questions are stated and a qualitative approach is adopted. Field observation, a series of interviews with management and field workers of Kama as well as a questionnaire allowed collecting the data. The analysis of the data showed that RFID technology should be adopted by Kama to replace the present costly and relatively inefficient way of tracking counterfeit drugs. The motivation of workers to be trained on RFID as well as the company readiness to train employees represent major factors for adoption and implementation of RFID to track counterfeit drugs and hence contribute to increase the profit margin and improve Kama’s image on the market. Recommendations are finally made on the methodology to be adopted by Kama to implement and use RFID technology to track counterfeit drugs. / <p>Validerat; 20111202 (anonymous)</p>

This thesis deals with RFID tags. In the first part of the thesis, the general overviews of the present-day RFID systems are presented. This part of the thesis is focused on the passive back-scatter UHF tags and the advantages of their application in supply chain usage. Subsequently, the electromagnetic simulators CST Microwave Studio and IE3D Zeland are described. These simulators were used to design loaded meander antennas. The antennas were designed for different materials and frequency bands of 867 MHz and 2.4 GHz. The designed antennas were made without as well as with the reflector which allows using the antennas in the vicinity of metals. Produced antennas were experimentally tested in the company METRA Blansko Inc, where one of the most significant characteristics of passive RFID tags – the read range was observed.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology that facilitates wirelesscommunication. It is being widely used for access control purposes to aid administration ofservices. As with most wireless technologies, RFID has its challenges, due to its medium (radio waves) of communication, which makes it susceptible to signal interception and other possible attacks. The goal of this project is to investigate the insecurities in the implementation of the RFID system in transit (Storstockholms Lokaltrafik, Stockholm) systems. Due to the nature of the system, spatial information about consumers are accumulated over time thereby attracting some level of interests either legitimate or illegitimate, and raising some concerns. This thesis, takes into consideration the vulnerabilities of the RFID system and the potential security risks consumers of the system are exposed to, a detailed analysis is carried out on the existing infrastructure with the goal of exposing the shortcomings of the systems and proposing mitigating solutions. After an extensive work, seven (7) threats to privacy and security of RFID users were elaborated. Also discussion, about how different legislations around the world enforced data handling regulations in relation to commuter data, is carried out. Finally, most recent threats to consumer privacy are taken into consideration, as well as security in the mass transit field to put together a list of recommended safe practices. The work shows that RFID does pose significant threat to consumer privacy. One might argue that RFID has its benefits in its various implementations. However the fact remains that there are issues with regards to privacy that must to be addressed.