Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeraldineASN.pdf: 1064448 bytes, checksum: e84e59e89db44381c1e32c94012cfe01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-11 / During natural gas processing, water removal is considered as a fundamental step in that combination of hydrocarbons and water favors the formation of hydrates. The gas produced in the Potiguar Basin (Brazil) presents high water content (approximately 15000 ppm) and its dehydration is achieved via absorption and adsorption operations. This process is carried out at the Gas Treatment Unit (GTU) in Guamar? (GMR), in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. However, it is a costly process, which does not provide satisfactory results when water contents as low as 0.5 ppm are required as the exit of the GTU. In view of this, microemulsions research is regarded as an alternative to natural gas dehydration activities. Microemulsions can be used as desiccant fluids because of their unique proprieties, namely solubilization enhancement, reduction in interfacial tensions and large interfacial area between continuous and dispersed phases. These are actually important parameters to ensure the efficiency of an absorption column. In this work, the formulation of the desiccant fluid was determined via phases diagram construction, employing there nonionic surfactants (RDG 60, UNTL L60 and AMD 60) and a nonpolar fluid provided by Petrobras GMR (Brazil) typically comprising low-molecular weight liquid hydrocarbons ( a solvent commonly know as aguarr?s ). From the array of phases diagrams built, four representative formulations have been selected for providing better results: 30% RDG 60-70% aguarr?s; 15% RDG 60-15% AMD 60-70% aguarr?s, 30% UNTL L60-70% aguarr?s, 15% UNTL L60-15% AMD 60-70% aguarr?s. Since commercial natural gas is already processed, and therefore dehydrated, it was necessary to moister some sample prior to all assays. It was then allowed to cool down to 13?C and interacted with wet 8-12 mesh 4A molecular sieve, thus enabling the generation of gas samples with water content (approximately 15000 ppm). The determination of the equilibrium curves was performed based on the dynamic method, which stagnated liquid phase and gas phase at a flow rate of 200 mL min-1. The hydrodynamic study was done with the aim of established the pressure drop and dynamic liquid hold-up. This investigation allowed are to set the working flow rates at 840 mL min-1 for the gas phase and 600 mLmin-1 for the liquid phase. The mass transfer study indicated that the system formed by UNTL L60- turpentine-natural gas the highest value of NUT / No processamento do g?s natural, a remo??o da ?gua representa uma etapa fundamental, pois a combina??o de hidrocarboneto e ?gua propicia a forma??o de hidratos. O g?s produzido na Bacia Potiguar apresenta altos teores de ?gua (aproximadamente de 15000 ppmv) e para sua desidrata??o s?o utilizados processos de absor??o e adsor??o. Estes processos s?o utilizados na Unidade de Tratamento de G?s (UTG) em Guamar? (GMR), RN. S?o considerados onerosos e n?o oferecem bons resultados quando se deseja obter um teor m?ximo de 0,5 ppm de ?gua na jusante da UTG. Dentro deste contexto, a pesquisa na ?rea das microemuls?es surge como alternativa para que sua utiliza??o como l?quido dessecante em um processo de absor??o desidrate o g?s natural. As microemuls?es foram escolhidas por possu?rem alta capacidade de solubiliza??o, redu??o da tens?o interfacial e grande ?rea interfacial entre as fases cont?nua e dispersa, par?metros importantes para garantir a efici?ncia de uma coluna de absor??o. Para a formula??o do l?quido dessecante foram constru?dos diagramas de fases com tr?s tensoativos n?o-i?nicos (RDG 60, UNTL L60 e AMD 60), e aguarr?s (Petrobras-GMR). Diante dos diagramas constru?dos foram utilizados quatro formula??es sendo elas: 30% RDG 60-70% aguarr?s; 15%RDG 60-15%AMD 60-70% aguarr?s; 30% UNTL L60-70% aguarr?s; 15%UNTL L60-15%AMD 60-70% aguarr?s. Como o g?s natural comercializado ? processado, foi necess?rio umidific?-lo, e para isto ele foi submetido a resfriamento (13?C), utilizando peneira molecular 4A de 8 a 12 mesh ?mida, e assim obter elevada concentra??o de ?gua (aproximadamente 15000 ppm). A determina??o das curvas de equil?brio foi realizada com base no m?todo din?mico, estando a fase l?quida estagnada e fase gasosa com vaz?o de 200mL/min. O estudo hidrodin?mico foi realizado para determinar a queda de press?o e determina??o do hold-up l?quido din?mico, que determinou que as vaz?es de trabalho deveriam ser 840 mL/min para a fase gasosa e 600 mL/min para a fase l?quida. O estudo da transfer?ncia de massa indicou que o sistema formado por UNTL L60-Aguarr?s-G?s Natural apresentou o maior valor de NUT. Com base nos valores calculados para o AUT dos sistemas, foi poss?vel observar que todos precisam da maior altura de coluna. Com rela??o ao coeficiente global de transfer?ncia de massa, todos os sistemas apresentaram valores pr?ximos, com exce??o do sistema UNTL L60-Aguarr?s-G?s Natural que, dentre os sistemas, ? o que necessita de uma altura maior na coluna. Dentre as quatro formula??es, os sistemas com a presen?a de AMD 60 apresentaram os maiores valores de coeficiente global de transfer?ncia e efici?ncia, o que mais uma vez comprova a maior solubiliza??o da ?gua em presen?a da mistura de tensoativos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizFSF_TESE.pdf: 2382677 bytes, checksum: 16f0fd92d4efa3b045a66f19b62ab2ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-09 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Natural gas, although basically composed by light hydrocarbons, also presents contaminant gases in its composition, such as CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2S (hydrogen sulfide). The H2S, which commonly occurs in oil and gas exploration and production activities, causes damages in oil and natural gas pipelines. Consequently, the removal of hydrogen sulfide gas will result in an important reduction in operating costs. Also, it is essential to consider the better quality of the oil to be processed in the refinery, thus resulting in benefits in economic, environmental and social areas. All this facts demonstrate the need for the development and improvement in hydrogen sulfide scavengers. Currently, the oil industry uses several processes for hydrogen sulfide removal from natural gas. However, these processes produce amine derivatives which can cause damage in distillation towers, can cause clogging of pipelines by formation of insoluble precipitates, and also produce residues with great environmental impact. Therefore, it is of great importance the obtaining of a stable system, in inorganic or organic reaction media, able to remove hydrogen sulfide without formation of by-products that can affect the quality and cost of natural gas processing, transport, and distribution steps. Seeking the study, evaluation and modeling of mass transfer and kinetics of hydrogen removal, in this study it was used an absorption column packed with Raschig rings, where the natural gas, with H2S as contaminant, passed through an aqueous solution of inorganic compounds as stagnant liquid, being this contaminant gas absorbed by the liquid phase. This absorption column was coupled with a H2S detection system, with interface with a computer. The data and the model equations were solved by the least squares method, modified by Levemberg-Marquardt. In this study, in addition to the water, it were used the following solutions: sodium hydroxide, potassium permanganate, ferric chloride, copper sulfate, zinc chloride, potassium chromate, and manganese sulfate, all at low concentrations (?10 ppm). These solutions were used looking for the evaluation of the interference between absorption physical and chemical parameters, or even to get a better mass transfer coefficient, as in mixing reactors and absorption columns operating in counterflow. In this context, the evaluation of H2S removal arises as a valuable procedure for the treatment of natural gas and destination of process by-products. The study of the obtained absorption curves makes possible to determine the mass transfer predominant stage in the involved processes, the mass transfer volumetric coefficients, and the equilibrium concentrations. It was also performed a kinetic study. The obtained results showed that the H2S removal kinetics is greater for NaOH. Considering that the study was performed at low concentrations of chemical reagents, it was possible to check the effect of secondary reactions in the other chemicals, especially in the case of KMnO4, which shows that your by-product, MnO2, acts in H2S absorption process. In addition, CuSO4 and FeCl3 also demonstrated to have good efficiency in H2S removal / O g?s natural, embora seja composto basicamente de hidrocarbonetos leves, apresenta tamb?m em sua composi??o gases contaminantes como o CO2 (Di?xido de carbono) e o H2S (Sulfeto de hidrog?nio). O H2S, que comumente ocorre nas atividades de explora??o e produ??o de ?leo e g?s, danifica as tubula??es de transporte do petr?leo e do pr?prio g?s natural. Por isso, a elimina??o do sulfeto de hidrog?nio levar? a significativa redu??o dos custos de opera??o e a uma melhor qualidade do ?leo destinado as refinarias, resultando assim num beneficio econ?mico, ambiental e social. Tudo isso demonstra a necessidade de desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de sequestrantes que removam o sulfeto de hidrog?nio da ind?stria de petr?leo. Atualmente existem v?rios processos para o tratamento do g?s natural, utilizados pela ind?stria petrol?fera para remo??o do H2S, no entanto, eles produzem derivados de aminas que danificam as torres de destila??o, formando precipitados insol?veis que provocam entupimento dos dutos e originam res?duos de grande impacto ambiental. Por isso, a obten??o de um sistema est?vel em meio reacional inorg?nico ou org?nico capaz de remover o sulfeto de hidrog?nio sem formar subprodutos que afetem a qualidade e o custo do processamento, transporte e distribui??o do g?s natural ? de grande import?ncia. Para estudar, avaliar e modelar a transfer?ncia de massa e a cin?tica da remo??o do sulfeto de hidrog?nio (H2S) montou-se uma coluna de absor??o contendo an?is de raschig, por onde o g?s natural contaminado com H2S atravessava uma solu??o aquosa de compostos inorg?nicos estagnada, sendo por esta absorvida. A essa coluna foi acoplado a um sistema de detec??o de H2S com interface com o computador. Os dados e Equa??es do modelo foram resolvidos pelo m?todo de m?nimos quadrados modificado de Levemberg-Marquardt. Neste estudo al?m da ?gua foram utilizadas as solu??es de hidr?xido de s?dio, permanganato de pot?ssio, sulfato de cobre, cloreto f?rrico, cloreto de zinco, cromato de pot?ssio, sulfato de mangan?s, a baixas concentra??es, na ordem de 10 ppm, com o objetivo ? avaliar a interfer?ncia entre par?metros f?sicos e qu?micos da absor??o, ou mesmo buscar um melhor coeficiente de transfer?ncia de massa como ? o caso dos reatores de mistura e colunas de absor??o operando em contra corrente. Nesse contexto a avalia??o da remo??o do H2S surge como um procedimento valioso para o tratamento do g?s natural e destino dos subprodutos do processo. Os estudos das curvas de absor??o obtidos permitiram determinar a etapa controladora da transfer?ncia de massa dos processos envolvidos, os coeficientes volum?tricos de transfer?ncia de massa e as concentra??es de equil?brio, assim como, efetuar um estudo cin?tico. Os resultados mostraram que a cin?tica de remo??o do H2S ? maior para o NaOH, mas como o estudo foi realizado em baixas concentra??es de reagente pode-se verificar o efeito das rea??es secund?rias nos outros reagentes, principalmente no caso do KMnO4, que mostra seu sub produto, MnO2, tamb?m atua na absor??o do H2S. O CuSO4 e o FeCl3 tamb?m apresentaram boa efici?ncia de remo??o

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-09-04T21:21:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ArlindoFigueiroaEscobarTeixeiraDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 1960267 bytes, checksum: 009162412c53715e9bf4d7e0c5c740af (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-11T19:50:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ArlindoFigueiroaEscobarTeixeiraDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 1960267 bytes, checksum: 009162412c53715e9bf4d7e0c5c740af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-11T19:50:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArlindoFigueiroaEscobarTeixeiraDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 1960267 bytes, checksum: 009162412c53715e9bf4d7e0c5c740af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / As Redes Cooperativas de Pesquisa, Inova??o e Transfer?ncia de Tecnologia do Setor Petr?leo e G?s Natural nas Regi?es Norte e Nordeste (Redes N/NE) foram criadas ap?s a promulga??o da Lei do Petr?leo, atrav?s do Edital CT-Petro CNPq/Finep 03/2011, com o objetivo de produzir Ci?ncia, Tecnologia e Inova??o (CT&I), al?m formar recursos humanos capacitados na ?rea de Petr?leo e G?s Natural (P&G) atendendo as demandas do setor nas unidades federativas do Norte e Nordeste, direcionando recursos para infraestrutura, bolsas de pesquisa, como tamb?m articulando pesquisadores de diferentes institui??es e empresas inseridos em ambas as regi?es. Das 13 Redes N/NE formadas, tr?s foram lideradas pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Tendo em vista que as tr?s Redes N/NE coordenadas pela UFRN causaram rebatimentos na CT&I das unidades federativas das regi?es Norte e Nordeste, a presente investiga??o tem como quest?o central: quais os rebatimentos das Redes N/NE de P&G coordenadas pela UFRN na CT&I no Rio Grande do Norte? Partindo da hip?tese que essas tr?s Redes N/NE consolidaram compet?ncias de CT&I na ?rea de P&G no estado potiguar. Optamos por analisar os impactos da respectiva pol?tica p?blica de CT&I no Rio Grande do Norte, justamente por se tratar do principal estado produtor de petr?leo do Norte e Nordeste, pelo fato de que ? l? que os ?n?s? das tr?s Redes N/NE est?o situados e, consequentemente, por ser o local em que os impactos foram mais intensos. Visando solucionar a quest?o central proposta, adotamos alguns procedimentos metodol?gicos, nos quais destacamos: o levantamento bibliogr?fico atrav?s de trabalhos acad?micos que abordassem as redes de pesquisa, pol?ticas p?blicas de CT&I, setor de P&G do Rio Grande do Norte e Redes N/NE; as pesquisas de campo na UFRN, campus Natal, em que visitamos as instala??es expandidas e constru?das atrav?s dos recursos provenientes das Redes N/NE e de outras pol?ticas de CT&I na ?rea de P&G, al?m de realizarmos entrevistas com roteiros pr?-estruturados com os l?deres das tr?s Redes N/NE e com outros importantes atores; a utiliza??o do software ArcGIS 10.3, visando demonstrar as configura??es espaciais iniciais das Redes N/NE e as suas sucessivas reconfigura??es; coleta de dados secund?rios atrav?s da Plataforma Lattes e do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI), a cerca da produ??o cient?fica, tecnol?gica e inovativa dos participantes das tr?s Redes N/NE inseridos na UFRN, com o intuito de mensurarmos e analisarmos os rebatimentos da pol?tica no Rio Grande do Norte. Em linhas gerais, os resultados demonstraram que as tr?s Redes N/NE produziram CT&I e formaram recursos humanos no estado potiguar ao longo dos dez anos de vig?ncia da pol?tica e que mesmo ap?s o seu fim, os pesquisadores ainda continuam desenvolvendo tais atividades, utilizando os laborat?rios adquiridos e os conhecimentos obtidos. Por fim, destacamos que as tr?s Redes N/NE lideradas pela UFRN consolidaram compet?ncias de CT&I na ?rea de P&G no Rio Grande do Norte, tendo em vista que antes da Lei do Petr?leo, nenhum dos pesquisadores da UFRN que veio a participar das Redes N/NE estudava o setor de P&G, e entre a sua promulga??o e o lan?amento do Edital, a maior parte deles ainda estava iniciando seus trabalhos na ?rea, mas sem laborat?rios adequados, articula??es com pesquisadores de outras institui??es e intera??es com o setor produtivo. / The Cooperative Networks for Research, Innovation and Technology Transfer of the Oil and Natural Gas Sector in the North and Northeast Regions (N/NE Networks) were created after the promulgation of the Petroleum Law, through the CT-Petro CNPq/ Finep 03/2011 , in order to produce Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I), and to train qualified human resources in the area of Oil and Gas (O&G), meeting the sector's demands in the North and Northeast federative units, directing resources for infrastructure, research grants, also articulating researchers from different institutions and companies in both regions. Of the 13 N/NE Networks formed, three were led by the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Considering that the three N/NE Networks coordinated by UFRN caused refutations in the ST&I of the federative units of the North and Northeast regions, the present research has as central question: which are the refutations of the three N/NE Networks coordinated by UFRN in STI in the Rio Grande do Norte? Based on the hypothesis that these three N/NE Networks consolidated ST&I competences in the O&G area in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. We chose to analyze the impacts of the respective public policy of STI in Rio Grande do Norte, precisely because it is the main oil producing state in the North and Northeast, because it is there that the nodes of the three N/NE Networks are located and, consequently, as the place where the impacts were most intense. In order to solve the proposed central issue, we adopted some methodological procedures, in which we highlight: the bibliographical survey through academic works that approached the research networks, public policies of ST&I, O&G sector of Rio Grande do Norte and Networks N/NE; The field surveys at UFRN, campus Natal, where we visited the facilities expanded and built through resources from the N/NE Networks and other ST &I policies in the O&G area, in addition to conducting interviews with pre-structured scripts with the leaders of the three N/NE Networks and with other important actors; We use of ArcGIS 10.3 software to demonstrate the initial spatial configurations of the N/NE Networks and their successive reconfigurations; Secondary data collection through the Lattes Platform and the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), about the scientific, technological and innovative production of the participants of the three N/NE Networks inserted in the UFRN, with the purpose of measuring and analyzing the policy in Rio Grande do Norte. In general terms, the results showed that the three N/NE Networks produced ST&I and formed human resources in the state during the ten years of the policy, and that even after its end, researchers continue to develop such activities using the laboratories acquired and the knowledge obtained. Finally, we highlight that the three N NE Networks led by UFRN consolidated ST&I competencies in the O&G area in Rio Grande do Norte, considering that before to the Petroleum Law, none of the UFRN researchers who participated in the N/NE studied the O&G sector, and between its promulgation and the announcement, most of them were still starting their work in the area, but without adequate laboratories, articulations with researchers from other institutions and interactions with the productive sector.

Submitted by PPG Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais (engenharia.pg.materiais@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-19T14:21:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese RONALDO SILVESTRE DA COSTA Final Entrega PGETEMA.pdf: 3370134 bytes, checksum: 383fa921245f353cae4a408bd4641901 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-23T17:34:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese RONALDO SILVESTRE DA COSTA Final Entrega PGETEMA.pdf: 3370134 bytes, checksum: 383fa921245f353cae4a408bd4641901 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-23T17:39:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese RONALDO SILVESTRE DA COSTA Final Entrega PGETEMA.pdf: 3370134 bytes, checksum: 383fa921245f353cae4a408bd4641901 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-30 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) / The transport sector represents a significant responsibility in the pollution emissions. Also, the consumption of fossil fuels is related with the rising of global average temperature due to the greenhouse gas emissions. Biofuels and natural gas are investigated as alternative fuels to mitigate the environmental impacts. However, due to the several source emissions within a product life-cycle, the environmental performance of an environmental friendly product must be verified. This work aims to quantify greenhouse gas emissions during household waste collection by heavy vehicles (trucks) fueled with different fuels. It was proposed the development and implementation of a methodology to compare both pollutant gas emissions and noise for the use of CNG (compressed natural gas) and diesel-B5, aiming to mitigate environmental impacts in captive fleet that travels daily in the Porto Alegre city, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The trucks were monitored using a portable gas analyzer equipment (O2, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, HC), and the fuel consumptions and autonomy were obtained from the company that provides the service. With the data collected on established routes, it was applied the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology to carry out the study comparing the environmental performance of the use of CNG and Diesel-B5. The results showed that higher global warming impact (according IPCC method) was observed to CNG, independently of the time horizon considered (20 100 or 500 years). When comparing the contribution of the process stages (from production to use of fuels), CNG presented higher impacts in the collection and venting steps, while diesel -- B5 presented in the collection step. / O setor de transportes apresenta significativos problemas ambientais relacionados ?s emiss?es de poluentes, agravados em regi?es urbanas. A queima e a explora??o de combust?veis f?sseis s?o constantemente relacionadas ao aumento da temperatura m?dia global. O uso de combust?veis, como os de origem vegetal e g?s natural, tem sido uma alternativa frequente na mitiga??o de gases de efeito estufa. No entanto, devido ?s v?rias fontes de poluentes presentes no ciclo de vida do produto, o desempenho ambiental de produtos considerados amig?veis ao meio ambiente deve ser verificado. Este trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar as emiss?es de gases de efeito estufa emitidos durante a coleta de res?duos domiciliares por ve?culos pesados (caminh?es) abastecidos com diferentes combust?veis: g?s natural e diesel-B5. Prop?e-se o desenvolvimento e a implementa??o de uma metodologia para a compara??o das emiss?es de poluentes para o uso de GNV (g?s natural veicular) e Diesel-B5, objetivando a mitiga??o de impactos ambientais em frota cativa que trafega diariamente na cidade de Porto Alegre ? RS. Os caminh?es foram monitorados com um equipamento analisador port?til de gases (O2, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, HC), e os consumos e a autonomia dos combust?veis foram obtidos junto ? empresa prestadora do servi?o. Com os dados levantados nas rotas estabelecidas, foi aplicada a metodologia de Avalia??o do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) para realizar o estudo de compara??o do desempenho ambiental entre o uso de GNV e Diesel-B5, considerando todas as etapas desde a produ??o at? o consumo final dos combust?veis. Os resultados mostraram que o maior potencial para aquecimento global (segundo o m?todo IPCC) ocorre para o GNV, considerando per?odos de 20 anos, 100 anos e 500 anos. Quando comparadas as contribui??es das diferentes etapas do processo, desde a produ??o at? o uso do combust?vel, observou-se que o GNV apresenta os maiores impactos nas etapas de transporte e coleta de res?duos, enquanto o Diesel-B5 apresenta impacto significativo apenas na etapa de coleta de res?duos.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HerbertMD.pdf: 1096047 bytes, checksum: 6cf0c7d90914e2c3fd03f494b71cfa3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-16 / This work consists on the study of two important problems arising from the operations of petroleum and natural gas industries. The first problem the pipe dimensioning problem on constrained gas distribution networks consists in finding the least cost combination of diameters from a discrete set of commercially available ones for the pipes of a given gas network, such that it respects minimum pressure requirements at each demand node and upstream pipe conditions. On its turn, the second problem the piston pump unit routing problem comes from the need of defining the piston pump unit routes for visiting a number of non-emergent wells in on-shore fields, i.e., wells which don t have enough pressure to make the oil emerge to surface. The periodic version of this problem takes into account the wells re-filling equation to provide a more accurate planning in the long term. Besides the mathematical formulation of both problems, an exact algorithm and a taboo search were developed for the solution of the first problem and a theoretical limit and a ProtoGene transgenetic algorithm were developed for the solution of the second problem. The main concepts of the metaheuristics are presented along with the details of their application to the cited problems. The obtained results for both applications are promising when compared to theoretical limits and alternate solutions, either relative to the quality of the solutions or to associated running time / Este trabalho consiste do estudo de dois importantes problemas oriundos das opera??es das ind?strias de petr?leo e g?s natural. O primeiro problema do dimensionamento de dutos em uma rede urbana de distribui??o de g?s natural consiste em encontrar a combina??o de di?metros de menor custo, a partir de um conjunto de op??es comercialmente dispon?veis, para os dutos de uma dada rede de distribui??o de g?s, de forma a respeitar requisitos de press?o m?nima em cada n? de demanda e condi??es de upstream. Por sua vez, o segundo problema do roteamento da unidade m?vel do pistoneio decorre da necessidade de se definir as rotas de visita??o da dita unidade m?vel do pistoneio aos diversos po?os n?o surgentes do campo de explora??o, ou seja, po?os que n?o possuem press?o suficiente para fazer o ?leo emergir ? superf?cie. A vers?o peri?dica do problema leva em considera??o a equa??o de re-enchimento dos po?os, de forma a possibilitar um planejamento mais acurado num horizonte de tempo maior. Al?m da formula??o matem?tica dos dois problemas, para a solu??o do primeiro foram desenvolvidos um algoritmo exato e uma busca tabu e para o segundo, um limite superior e um algoritmo transgen?tico ProtoGene. Os principais conceitos das metaheur?sticas s?o apresentados, juntamente com os detalhes da aplica??o destas aos problemas citados. Os resultados obtidos para ambas as aplica??es s?o promissores quando comparados com limites te?ricos e solu??es alternativas, tanto relativamente ? qualidade das solu??es como ao tempo computacional envolvido

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:09:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DayseMOS_TESE.pdf: 4185831 bytes, checksum: 7ffe8ba649c7a5670d11523f5cc43976 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-31 / Organizations are seeking new ideas, tools and methods aiming to improve management process and performance. On the other hand, system performance measurement needs to portray organizational changes and provide managers with a set of true and more appropriate information for the decision-making process. This work aims to propose a performance measurement system in the academic field regarding Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) in the oil and gas industry. The research performed a bibliographic review in a descriptive exploratory manner. A field research was conducted with an expert focus group in order to gather new indicators. As for the validation of these indicators, a survey with experienced professional was also realized. The research surveyed four segments in and outside of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-Brazil such as oil and gas project coordinators, staff at Academic Planning Offices, FUNPEC employees as well as coordinators from Petrobr?s. The performance measuring system created from this study features three interrelated performance indicators pointed out as: process indicators, outcome indicators and global indicators. The proposal includes performance indicators that seek to establish more appropriate strategies for effective institution management. It might help policy making of university-industry interaction policies / Cada vez mais as organiza??es est?o ? procura de novas id?ias, novas ferramentas e novos m?todos que as ap?iem no aprimoramento do seu processo de gest?o e assim, melhorar seu desempenho. Por conseguinte, os sistemas de medi??o de desempenho precisam retratar as mudan?as nas organiza??es proporcionando aos seus gestores um conjunto de informa??es verdadeiras e mais adequadas ? tomada de decis?o. O objetivo deste trabalho ? propor um sistema de medi??o de desempenho para os projetos de PD&I no setor de petr?leo e g?s natural para universidades. A pesquisa foi realizada utilizando-se dos seguintes procedimentos: uma revis?o bibliogr?fica com um car?ter explorat?rio-descritivo, acompanhada da pesquisa de campo, a realiza??o de focus group com especialistas para o levantamento de novos indicadores e um survey com profissionais experientes envolvidos na execu??o de projetos dessa natureza, com a finalidade de valida??o dos indicadores. Foram pesquisados quatro segmentos por meio de coordenadores de projetos de petr?leo e g?s natural da UFRN, funcion?rios da Pr?-Reitoria de Planejamento, funcion?rios da FUNPEC e coordenadores da Petrobras. O sistema de medi??o de desempenho gerado a partir deste estudo apresenta em sua estrutura tr?s grupos de indicadores de desempenho inter-relacionados: indicadores de processo, indicadores de resultado e indicadores globais. A proposta inclui indicadores de desempenho que procuram estabelecer uma estrat?gia mais adequada para uma gest?o eficaz das institui??es e pode contribuir para auxiliar as pol?ticas de intera??o universidade-empresa

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FabioACCML.pdf: 1705634 bytes, checksum: f22226bd97d25642406a8283a0b23a25 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-24 / In a country of continental dimensions as Brazil, one of the top challenges to its economic growth is the logistic related to energetical demand supply. We live now in the era of environmental protection and, in this new context of priorizations, it passes trough the search for alternative energies for the energetic matrix, due the petroleum elevated costs in the global market (and its finitude), but also due its pollution over the environment. This attempt of substitution needs solutions related to the national reality, into a national long term developing plan and based at a juridical-economic analysis of its realization. This study will look for, also based in an economical analysis, the juridical legitimity of choosing natural gas as the new protagonist of national economic growth (as a substitute of petroleum) and the necessary boost that must be done by law, based on an economic policy focused strictly for that fact, as a modifying agent of this reality. This study, therefore, will always be turned to a constitutional aspect, respecting the principles of economic order and the goal of reducing regional inequalities, which must influence the making off of a developing plan. At the end, it will try to demonstrate the juridical viability of such undertaking, tuned in jus-economical criteria. Another goal is related to the analysis of the natural gas industry, due the regulation of its transport has a major importance for national energetic integration, not only because this activity be characterized as a net industry, still under control of a natural monopoly, but also because the competitive or cooperative profile that should be priorized at the beginning of the economic planning for this activity (such as investment policies and its own rules that will submit private agents) / Em um pa?s de dimens?es continentais como o Brasil, tem-se como um dos principais desafios para o seu crescimento econ?mico a quest?o log?stica relativa ? capacidade de suprimento de demanda energ?tica. Vive-se atualmente a era da defesa do meio ambiente e, neste novo contexto de prioriza??es, passa-se pela busca da substitui??o da matriz energ?tica, seja pela necessidade decorrente dos altos custos do petr?leo no plano internacional (e da finitude das reservas), como tamb?m pelo grave desgaste ecol?gico por ele gerado. Essa tentativa de substitui??o precisa de solu??es focadas na realidade nacional, num plano estrat?gico de desenvolvimento a longo prazo e na an?lise da viabilidade jur?dico-econ?mica da sua realiza??o. Buscar-se-?, neste estudo, sem descurar de uma an?lise econ?mica de fundo, verificar a legitimidade jur?dica da op??o pelo g?s natural como novo protagonista do desenvolvimento nacional (em substitui??o ao petr?leo) e a necess?ria indu??o a ser exercida pelo direito, via uma pol?tica econ?mica voltada estritamente para tal fato, como agente modificador dessa realidade. O estudo, portanto, estar? voltado sempre no plano constitucional, subordinado aos princ?pios da ordem Econ?mica e da busca pela redu??o das desigualdades regionais, que devem permear a elabora??o do plano de desenvolvimento. Procurar-se-? demonstrar, ao final, a viabilidade jur?dica do empreendimento, sintonizada em crit?rios jus-econ?micos, e tamb?m que, na ind?stria do g?s natural, a regula??o do seu setor de transporte exerce import?ncia crucial para a integra??o energ?tica nacional, n?o apenas por se tratar tal atividade de uma ind?stria de rede, ainda sujeita ao monop?lio natural de uma ?nica empresa, mas tamb?m pelo perfil competitivo ou cooperativo a ser priorizado quando se for desenvolver o planejamento econ?mico do setor (tanto a pol?tica de investimentos, quanto ?s pr?prias regras que submeter?o os agentes econ?micos privados)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelSPPG.pdf: 1877008 bytes, checksum: 3747d30fa224a135c7e0131380ce7093 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-30 / As can be inferred by the title of its study The constitutional principle of sustainable development and the utilization of hidrical resources in the oil industry the transcribed pages are dedicated to the approach of the mentioned subjects which, despite being apparently different, will be shown intrinsically connected as goes by the study. The superation of this first step by the reader will lead to an important perception of the title: that the situation requires, urgently, a defined posture, a complete conduct change and, therefore, a modification of the paradigms currently establisheds. To brake barriers, modifying what is lived by, is the ultimate goal. For that, there is no unique path, linear, but there were broached the development themes, the hidrical resources theme and oil and natural gas industry at the necessary points to achieve, by the end, a comprehension for the Brazilian Federal Republic goals in the search for the application of these juridical norms. The ones whom lay down over this study shall notice that, more than a simple approach over these themes (which are still less worked and searched in Brazil), the heavy critic of an instituted and pacifically accepted reality, directly offensive of the constitutional principles. The debate evolves from punctual and specific aspects, it gains life, flies, searching how the juridical order equalizes the economic model to the environment defense. Standing by the possibility of conciliation among constitutional principles, the remodeling of an economic segment is defended, aligning it to the sustainable limits. Development, sustainable, becomes means and goals to the implementation of liberty, capacitating everyone to achieve their goals of life, their libertments, fruit of the inherent antagonism of the Constitution the sustainable development offers, while an axiological vector, a new reality to the economic order, turning it into a motriz element to the fortification of constitutional normative force and for the national development / Como se deduz do t?tulo firmado para este trabalho O princ?pio constitucional do desenvolvimento sustent?vel e a utiliza??o de recursos h?dricos na ind?stria do petr?leo as p?ginas transcritas dedicam-se a abordagem dos assuntos mencionados que, aparentemente d?spares, mostrar-se-?o visceralmente interligados no transcorrer do estudo. A supera??o desta primeira etapa pelo leitor levar? a percep??o imprescind?vel sobre o tema: a situa??o exige, urgentemente, uma tomada de postura, uma guinada de conduta e, conseq?entemente, a modifica??o dos paradigmas atualmente vivenciados. Quebrar barreiras, modificando o vivenciado ? meta maior que se busca. Para tanto, n?o se estabeleceu um caminho ?nico, linear, mas abordaram-se os temas do desenvolvimento, dos recursos h?dricos e da ind?stria do petr?leo e do g?s natural nos pontos necess?rios para se atingir, ao final, uma compreens?o sobre os objetivos da Rep?blica Federativa do Brasil na busca pela implementa??o destas normas jur?dicas. Aqueles que se debru?arem sobre o estudo perceber?o, mas do que mera abordagem sobre os temas (ainda pouco trabalhados e aprofundados no Brasil), a cr?tica contundente sobre uma realidade instaurada e pacificamente aceita, frontalmente ofensiva dos princ?pios constitucionais. O debate evolui de aspectos pontuais e espec?ficos, ganha vida, al?a v?o, perscrutando como o ordenamento jur?dico equaliza o modelo econ?mico ? defesa ambiental. Posicionando-se pela possibilidade de concilia??o entre os princ?pios insertos no texto constitucional, defende-se a remodela??o do segmento econ?mico, alinhando-o ? balizas sustent?veis. Desenvolvimento, sustent?vel, torna-se fim e meio para a implementa??o da liberdade, capacitando todos a atingirem suas metas de vida, seus libertamentos; fruto do antagonismo inerente ? Constitui??o o desenvolvimento sustent?vel propicia, enquanto vetor valorativo, uma nova realidade para a ordem econ?mica, tornando-se, a mesma, elemento motriz a fortifica??o da for?a normativa constitucional e para o desenvolvimento nacional

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-24T18:04:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NelyFS_DISSERT.pdf: 2762669 bytes, checksum: d3dfada1fb5b303580f2869a5876d1bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-05 / The paper demonstrates how it is organized production chain of natural gas in Rio Grande do Norte and highlights some prospects for this sector. The study is backed by elements to understand the process of innovation as the driving force of capitalist dynamics as well as the features of the Brazilian economy in the years 1990 and 2000 that indicated the development of natural gas production in the energy matrix Brazil. It was found that the state has potiguar possibilities for structuring an energy based on elements from the region and with prospects of becoming self-sufficient in electricity, where natural gas has a share of participation in this segment. The automotive and industrial are the biggest consumers of this input. With emphasis on the textile industry. Signaling to a broad horizon of supply, this sector will depend on their investments in research and Deficient, and the policy adopted by government to develop the consumer market / O trabalho demonstra como est? organizada a cadeia produtiva de g?s natural no Rio Grande do Norte e ressalta algumas perspectivas para este setor. O estudo est? respaldado pelos elementos que permitem compreender o processo de inova??o enquanto for?a motriz da din?mica capitalista, bem como os aspectos que caracterizam a economia brasileira nos anos de 1990 e 2000 e, que sinalizaram para o desenvolvimento da produ??o de g?s natural na matriz energ?tica brasileira. Constatou-se que o estado potiguar tem possibilidades de estruturar uma matriz energ?tica embasada em elementos da pr?pria regi?o e com perspectivas de se tornar auto-suficiente em energia el?trica, onde o g?s natural tem uma parcela de participa??o neste segmento. O setor automotivo e industrial s?o os maiores consumidores desse insumo. Com destaque para a ind?stria t?xtil. Sinalizando para um horizonte amplo de oferta, este setor depender? de investimentos e pesquisas em sua infraestrura, e da pol?tica adotada pelo governo para desenvolver o mercado consumidor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:57:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseCCSJ.pdf: 1343903 bytes, checksum: aa2a5fbffd13b95d16ec1f429e355eb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The industries of structural ceramics are among the most important production chains in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The industry and other interest groups to target the replacement of firewood by natural gas. Studies accordingly concluded that simple change does not guarantee products of superior quality, and that the increase in spending on fuel can economically cripple the use of gas for burning the majority of products manufactured by that action. However some proposals of innovations in terms of process and product are being studied in an attempt to justify the use of natural gas in industry, structural ceramics. One of the aspects investigated is the development of ceramic products differentiated, with new designs and greater value added. Inserted in that context, this paper aims to investigate the potential use of clay-firing clear fabrication of the "bricks of apparent joins drought", a new ceramic product with an innovative way. The development of the work was done in three stages. In the initial stage was held the characterization of raw materials, sought information on physical, chemical, mineralogical and mechanical samples. In the second stage five bodies were made using two of the nine ceramic clay characterized the first step. The masses were analyzed and compared with respect to the size distribution, plasticity and technological properties. In the last part of this work was carried out tests on massive bricks manufactured on an industrial scale. The results show that the nine clays can be used in the manufacture of new ceramic products, is the only constituent of mass ceramic or by mixing with other(s) clay(s / As ind?strias de cer?mica estrutural figuram entre as cadeias produtivas mais importantes do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. O setor e outros grupos de interesse almejam a substitui??o da lenha pelo g?s natural. Estudos realizados nesse sentido conclu?ram que a simples mudan?a n?o garante produtos de qualidade superior, e que o aumento no gasto com combust?vel pode inviabilizar economicamente o uso do g?s para queima da maioria dos produtos fabricados por esse seguimento. Entretanto algumas propostas de inova??es em termos de processo e produto v?m sendo estudadas na tentativa de justificar o uso do g?s natural na ind?stria de cer?mica estrutural. Uma das vertentes pesquisadas ? o desenvolvimento de produtos cer?micos diferenciados, com novos designs e maior valor agregado. Inserido nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a potencialidade do uso de argilas de queima clara para fabrica??o dos tijolos de junta seca , um novo produto cer?mico com forma inovadora. O desenvolvimento do trabalho foi efetuado em tr?s etapas. Na etapa inicial foi realizada a caracteriza??o das mat?rias-primas, buscando obter informa??es em rela??o ?s propriedades f?sicas, qu?micas, mineral?gicas e mec?nicas das amostras. Na segunda etapa foram formuladas cinco massas cer?micas utilizando duas das nove argilas caracterizadas na primeira etapa. As massas foram analisadas e comparadas em rela??o ? distribui??o granulometria, plasticidade e propriedades tecnol?gicas. Na ?ltima parte desse trabalho foi realizado testes em tijolos maci?os fabricados em escala industrial. Os resultados mostram que as nove argilas podem ser utilizadas na fabrica??o dos novos produtos cer?micos, seja como ?nica constituinte da massa cer?mica ou pela mistura com outra(s) argila(s)