Life history allocation of energy to growth and reproduction was determined for female gizzard shad. Absolute caloric energy allocated to eggs increased with age. The relative amount of production energy directed to reproduction increased with age up to 5 years and then decreased. Seasonal variation in lipids was studied. Quantitative changes occurred in ovarian lipids during the reproductive cycle. Carcass lipids varied seasonally. Age of sexual maturity was 3 years. Delayed maturity is attributed to high allocation of energy to growth enabling shad to outgrow intense competition and predation in pre-reproductive ages; there is little competition and predation in reproductive shad. Growth rates and condition factors indicated constant availability of food seasonally.

Thesis (M.S.)--Miami University, Dept. of Zoology, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 17-21).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Zoology, 2007. / Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-04-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:16:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 benedetti_mp_me_botfmvz.pdf: 748638 bytes, checksum: c6ba19aeae78da3ed949dcdb78d6fa9a (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito da textura e granulometria sobre o desempenho, rendimento de carcaça, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e morfologia dos órgãos de frangos de corte. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos no galpão experimental do Laboratório de Nutrição de Aves da FMVZ/UNESP – Botucatu/SP. No experimento 1 foram utilizados 720 pintos de corte, machos, da linhagem Cobb. As aves foram distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 2 X 3, duas texturas (dura e dentada) e três granulometrias do milho da dieta avaliadas pelo DGM (fina – 0,46 mm; média – 0,73 mm e grossa – 0,87 mm), com 4 repetições de 30 aves cada. No experimento 2 foram utilizados 120 pintos de corte, com as mesmas características dos utilizados no experimento 1, sendo o primeiro ensaio metabólico realizado no período do 19º ao 22º dias de idade e o segundo no período do 38º ao 41º dias de idade, com coleta total de excretas. A análise estatística dos dados de desempenho, rendimento, digestibilidade e morfologia foram feitas pelo método de análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey no nível de 5% de probabilidade. No experimento 1 a textura e a granulometria influenciaram os parâmetros de desempenho aos 7 dias de idade. Aos 21 dias de idade apenas a granulometria influenciou o peso final, ganho de peso médio, consumo de ração e a conversão alimentar. Não houve efeito de textura e granulometria do milho para as variáveis de desempenho aos 43 dias de idade, exceto para o fator de produção. No experimento 2, não houve diferenças no rendimento de carcaça e de partes para as variáveis estudadas, exceto para porcentagem de moela. Conclui-se que apesar do melhor desempenho dos frangos de corte até 21 dias de idade ter sido observado com o uso de rações com milho de granulometria fina, aos 42 dias... / This study aimed to evaluate growth performance, carcass yield, nutrient digestibility and organ morphology of broilers fed diets compounded by two corn texture (dent and flint) and particle size (fine, medium and coarse). Two experiments were undertaken in the Broiler Nutrition Laboratory experimental barn of the FMVZ/UNESP – Botucatu/SP. In experiment 1, 720 all-male broiler chicks of Cobb line were randomly assigned to 24 boxes in a 2 X 3 factorial scheme, two corn textures (flint and dent) and three corn particle size evaluated by geometric mean diameter (fine – 0.46 mm; medium – 0.73 and coarse – 0.87), with four replicates of 30 chicken each. In experiment 2, 120 broiler chicks with the same characteristics from experiment 1 were used, although the first metabolic assay was performed among the 19th to 22th day old with total excretion collection. The metabolic assay was performed among 38th to 41th days old. All data was submitted to ANOVA and means compared by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. In experiment 1, corn textures influenced the final weight and weight gain, mean weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. There was no effect of corn texture and particle size on growth performance parameters at 43- day old, regardless the production factor. In experiment 2, there was no effect of corn texture and particle size on carcass and parts yield, regardless for gizzard percentage. It was concluded that the use of diets with fine particle size improves broilers growth performance until 21 years day-old. Dent and flint textures did not influence broilers growth performance.

No description available.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-16T17:27:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Adriana Cristina Pedroso Ferraz.pdf: 2396072 bytes, checksum: 4c8224201e7dfca3888239f1edd74e0f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-16T17:27:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Adriana Cristina Pedroso Ferraz.pdf: 2396072 bytes, checksum: 4c8224201e7dfca3888239f1edd74e0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-02 / CNPq / The research was divided into chapters. The first assessed the post-embryonic development of Chrysomya albiceps (Widemann) on chicken gizzard (control: beef). There were four replications (100g each diet, 40 1st instar/2nd generation larvae) per treatment, each recipient was placed in a larger one containing sawdust and then sealed. The mature larvae were weighed and stored in test tubes. The variation among mature larva weight means and the duration of the larva, pupa and total stages were analyzed by the Student t test (?=5%), the viabilities by ANOVA and the sex ratio by the chi-square test. The following were recorded: mean temperature 25.6oC and 72.4% relative air humidity, larva-adult period mean duration of 8.1 days (meat) and 8.2 days (gizzard); 71% to 87% larva viability; 100% and 99% pupa viability 58% and 67% larva and adult viabilities, respectively. Chicken gizzard was shown to be satisfactory as diet for C. albiceps. The second chapter assessed the post embryonic development of Chysomya putoria (Widemann) in chicken gizzard and homogenized chicken gizzard in 65% agar (control: meat). Four replications (60 mL diet, 40 1st instar/5th generation larvae) were made per treatment. The homogenate was prepared in a mixer (gizzard, distilled water and agar). A mean temperature of 20.6 oC and 67.7% relative air humidity were recorded. The mean duration of the larva-adult period was 8.868 days (meat), 8.676 days (gizzard) and 9.067 days (homogenate); the larva viability was 98%; 92% and 73%; the pupa viability was 98%; 91% and 71%; the larva and adult viabilities were 93%; 83% and 64%, respectively. There were significant difference in the duration of the pupa period between meat and the homogenate. Both diets were shown to be satisfactory for C. putoria. The third chapter assessed different ciprofloxacin concentrations (3.33 ?g/mL; 6.66 ?g/mL and 13.33 ?g/mL in gizzard/65% agar homogenate) on C. putoria development (the control received distilled water). They were replicated four times (60 grams diet, 40 1st instar/3rd generation larvae) in an acclimatized chamber 30oC day/28 oC night, 70+10%relative air humidity and 14-hour photoperiod. There was no significant difference for: mean individual larva weight, mean duration of the larva inoculation until abandonment and the larva, pupa and total stages. Only treatment 2 differed significantly from the control in the larval and total viability. Ciprofloxacin seemed not to alter C. putoria development. The fourth chapter assessed different gentamicin concentrations (4.44?g/mL; 13.33?g/mL and 66.66?g/mL) on C. putoria. The materials and methods were similar to those of chapter III. There was no significant difference for: mean individual larva weight, mean duration of the larva inoculation until abandonment and the larva, pupa and total stages. Only treatment 2 differed significantly from the control for larva viability. Gentamicin seemed not to alter C. putoria development. The fifth chapter assessed different ampicillin concentrations (66?g/mL; 81.33?g/mL and 166.66?g/mL) on C. putoria. The materials and methods were similar to chapter III. There was no significant difference for: mean individual larva weight, mean duration of the larvae inoculation until abandonment and the larval, pupa and total stages. There was no significant difference for larva and total viability, but pupa viability in T1 differed significantly from the control and T2, and T3 differed from the control. Ampicillin seemed not to alter C. putoria development. / A pesquisa foi dividida em cap?tulos. O primeiro avaliou o desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Chrysomya albiceps (Widemann) em moela de frango (controle: carne bovina). Foram quatro repeti??es (100g de dieta cada, 40 larvas de 1? instar/2? gera??o) por tratamento, cada recipiente inserido em outro maior contendo serragem e vedado. As larvas maduras foram pesadas e armazenadas em tubos de ensaio. A varia??o entre m?dias de massa de larvas maduras e dura??es dos est?gios de larva, pupa e total foram analisadas por Teste t de Student (?=5%), as viabilidades por ANOVA, a raz?o sexual pelo qui-quadrado. Foram registradas temperatura m?dia 25,6?C e umidade relativa do ar m?dia 72,4%; dura??o m?dia do per?odo de larva a adulto 8,1 dias (carne) e 8,2 (moela); viabilidades de larva 71% e 87%; viabilidades de pupa 100% e 99%; viabilidades de larva a adulto 58% e 67%, respectivamente. Moela de frango se mostrou satisfat?ria como dieta para C. albiceps. O segundo cap?tulo avaliou desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Chysomya putoria (Widemann) em moela e homogenato de moela de frango em agar 65% (controle: carne). Foram quatro repeti??es (60 mL de dieta, 40 larvas de 1? instar/5?gera??o) por tratamento. O homogenato foi preparado em mixer (moela, ?gua destilada e agar). Foram registradas temperatura m?dia 20,6? C e umidade relativa do ar m?dia 67,7%. A dura??o m?dia do per?odo de larva a adulto foi 8,868 dias (carne), 8,676 (moela) e 9,067 (homogenato); as viabilidades larvais 98%; 92% e 73%; as viabilidades de pupa 98%; 91% e 71%; as viabilidades de larva a adulto 93%; 83% e 64%, respectivamente. Houve diferen?a significativa na dura??o do per?odo pupal entre carne e homogenato. Ambas dietas mostraram-se satisfat?rias para C. putoria. O terceiro cap?tulo avaliou diferentes concentra??es de ciprofloxacino (3,33 ?g/mL; 6,66 ?g/mL e 13,33 ?g/mL em homogenato de moela/agar 65%) sobre desenvolvimento de C. putoria (controle recebeu agua destilada). Foram replicados quatro vezes (60 gramas dieta, 40 larvas 1? ?nstar/3? gera??o) em c?mara climatizada 30?C dia/28?C noite, 70+10% U.R. e 14 horas fotoper?odo. N?o houve diferen?a significativa: massa individual m?dio das larvas, dura??o m?dia da inocula??o das larvas at? abandono e est?gios larval, pupal e total. Apenas tratamento 2 diferiu significativamente do controle nas viabilidades larval e total. Ciprofloxacino pareceu n?o alterar desenvolvimento de C. putoria. O quarto cap?tulo avaliou diferentes concentra??es de gentamicina (4,44?g/mL; 13,33?g/mL e 66,66?g/mL) sobre C. putoria. Os materiais e m?todos foram semelhantes ao do cap?tulo III. N?o houve diferen?a significativa: massa individual m?dia das larvas; dura??o m?dia da inocula??o das larvas at? abandono e dos est?gios larval, pupal e total. Apenas tratamento 2 diferiu significativamente do controle na viabilidade larval. Gentamicina pareceu n?o alterar o desenvolvimento de C. putoria. O quinto cap?tulo avaliou diferentes concentra??es de ampicilina (66?g/mL; 81,33?g/mL e 166,66?g/mL) sobre C. putoria. Os materiais e m?todos foram semelhantes ao cap?tulo III. N?o houve diferen?a significativa: massa individual m?dia das larvas, dura??o m?dia da inocula??o das larvas at? abandono e est?gios larval, pupal e total. N?o houve diferen?a significativa: viabilidades larval e total, por?m viabilidade pupal do T1 diferiu significativamente do controle e T2, e T3 diferiu do controle. Ampicilina pareceu n?o alterar desenvolvimento de C. putoria.

Orientador: José Roberto Sartori / Banca: Carla Cachone Pizzolante / Banca: Antonio Celso Pezzato / Resumo: Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito da textura e granulometria sobre o desempenho, rendimento de carcaça, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e morfologia dos órgãos de frangos de corte. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos no galpão experimental do Laboratório de Nutrição de Aves da FMVZ/UNESP - Botucatu/SP. No experimento 1 foram utilizados 720 pintos de corte, machos, da linhagem Cobb. As aves foram distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 2 X 3, duas texturas (dura e dentada) e três granulometrias do milho da dieta avaliadas pelo DGM (fina - 0,46 mm; média - 0,73 mm e grossa - 0,87 mm), com 4 repetições de 30 aves cada. No experimento 2 foram utilizados 120 pintos de corte, com as mesmas características dos utilizados no experimento 1, sendo o primeiro ensaio metabólico realizado no período do 19º ao 22º dias de idade e o segundo no período do 38º ao 41º dias de idade, com coleta total de excretas. A análise estatística dos dados de desempenho, rendimento, digestibilidade e morfologia foram feitas pelo método de análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey no nível de 5% de probabilidade. No experimento 1 a textura e a granulometria influenciaram os parâmetros de desempenho aos 7 dias de idade. Aos 21 dias de idade apenas a granulometria influenciou o peso final, ganho de peso médio, consumo de ração e a conversão alimentar. Não houve efeito de textura e granulometria do milho para as variáveis de desempenho aos 43 dias de idade, exceto para o fator de produção. No experimento 2, não houve diferenças no rendimento de carcaça e de partes para as variáveis estudadas, exceto para porcentagem de moela. Conclui-se que apesar do melhor desempenho dos frangos de corte até 21 dias de idade ter sido observado com o uso de rações com milho de granulometria fina, aos 42 dias... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate growth performance, carcass yield, nutrient digestibility and organ morphology of broilers fed diets compounded by two corn texture (dent and flint) and particle size (fine, medium and coarse). Two experiments were undertaken in the Broiler Nutrition Laboratory experimental barn of the FMVZ/UNESP - Botucatu/SP. In experiment 1, 720 all-male broiler chicks of Cobb line were randomly assigned to 24 boxes in a 2 X 3 factorial scheme, two corn textures (flint and dent) and three corn particle size evaluated by geometric mean diameter (fine - 0.46 mm; medium - 0.73 and coarse - 0.87), with four replicates of 30 chicken each. In experiment 2, 120 broiler chicks with the same characteristics from experiment 1 were used, although the first metabolic assay was performed among the 19th to 22th day old with total excretion collection. The metabolic assay was performed among 38th to 41th days old. All data was submitted to ANOVA and means compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability. In experiment 1, corn textures influenced the final weight and weight gain, mean weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. There was no effect of corn texture and particle size on growth performance parameters at 43- day old, regardless the production factor. In experiment 2, there was no effect of corn texture and particle size on carcass and parts yield, regardless for gizzard percentage. It was concluded that the use of diets with fine particle size improves broilers growth performance until 21 years day-old. Dent and flint textures did not influence broilers growth performance. / Mestre

Populärmusiken existerar idag på sociala medieplattformar där vem som helst kanuttrycka sig – och använda sig av alla andras material. Studien berörmeningsskapande inom konvergenskulturen kring det australienska bandet KingGizzard & The Lizard Wizard. Arbetet fokuserar på rörlig bild och musik inomden kulturella kontexten. Syftet med studien är att bidra med förståelse för hurmedieproduktioners kommunikationssätt samspelar och formas av nämndakonvergenskulturen. Studien gjordes genom multimodala analyser avaudiovisuellt material på en remix av ett fan till bandet samt material från bandetsjälva. Resultatet visade att betydelsepotentialen är kopplat till teman omdigitalisering och undergång som inbjuder fans till att vara med och delta.

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