Thesis (M.S.)--Eastern Illinois University, 1987. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 31-32).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:20:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 vidrichfilho_h_me_bauru.pdf: 1113584 bytes, checksum: 384c866bf4fdb913a86ecebde7460955 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho avaliou 60 indivíduos, sem patologias, 30 homens e 30 mulheres, entre 17 e 70 anos, totalizando 120 membros superiores. Elaborou-se um protocolo, a fim de se avaliar a força de preensão palmar plena, medida com o Dinamômetro JAMAR®, e a força de preensão pulpo-lateral, medida com o Medidor de Pinça B&L, correlacionando-as com o gênero, idade, posições dos membros superiores e medidas antropométricas da mão. Constatou-se que ambas as forças de preensão foram maiores no gênero masculino do que no gênero feminino, assim como, as medidas antropométricas das mãos. Levando-se em conta a correlação das forças com as posições dos membros superiores, nas quais foram avaliadas as forças não se encontrou correlação estatisticamente significativa em nenhuma das posições, porém, observou-se correlação com algumas medidas antropométricas das mãos, como largura da mão, comprimento do polegar e do dedo médio, assim como da mão. Portanto as medidas antropométricas devem ser consideradas em uma avaliação clínica e/ou ergonômica. / The present research evaluated 60 people without any current pathologies, 30 male and 30 female whose age range went from 17 to 70 years old making up a total of 120 upper limbs. A protocol was created aiming to evaluate full grip strength, measured with JAMAR® Dynamometer, and lateral pulp grasp measured with B&L Pinch, relating them to gender, age, upper limbs positions and anthropometrical hand measurements. It has been noticed that both grip strengths were larger with males rather than females as well as the anthropometrical hand measurements. Taking into consideration the relation of the forces with the upper limbs positions in which the forces were evaluated, no meaningful statistical relation was found in any of the positions, however, a relation with some anthropometrical hand measurement were noticed such as hand width, thumb and middle finger length, as well as the hand s. Therefore, the anthropometrical hand measurements shall be regarded towards a clinical and/or ergonomic evaluation.

This study tested the hypothesis that grip and wrist strength affect performance on wall volley tests that were designed to test ability in tennis, badminton, and volleyball.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(社会健康医学) / 甲第22153号 / 社医博第101号 / 新制||社医||10(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻 / (主査)教授 中山 健夫, 教授 小川 修, 教授 川村 孝 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Public Health / Kyoto University / DFAM

Background.Studies have shown that low-grade chronic inflammation affect muscle mass negatively. Theimpact of inflammation in grip strength is not yet investigated. Existing studies are made on a few populations.This study aims to describe how inflammation, grip strength and muscle mass looks in agroup of 52-year-old men and women and to examine the differences between the sexes.Another aim is to investigate the correlations between low-grade chronic inflammation (n =32) and muscle mass (n = 23) and grip strength (n = 30).Method Data from an ongoing study were analyzed with a non-experimental descriptive, comparativeand correlating design. Lean muscle mass was calculated by subtracting the percentage of fatfrom weight. Grip strength was measured by Jamar dynamometer. CRP as inflammationparameter through blood-samples. Results The populations measured levels was consistent with current reference values för healthyindividuals. Tendencies to positive correlation between CRP and muscle mass could be seenfor both men and women. For men there were tendency towards positive correlation betweenCRP levels and grip strength, while tendency to negative correlation for women. Women hadhigher CRP levels compared to men. Men had higher levels of muscle mass and grip strength. Conclusion No conclusions could be drawn regarding the effect of low-grade chronic inflammation effectin fat-free mass and grip strength. The study has highlighted the need for further research inthe field.

INTRODUÇÃO: Os efeitos do envelhecimento no sistema respiratório iniciam-se aproximadamente aos 25 anos de idade e leva a diminuição da função máxima deste sistema. Esta diminuição de função é perceptível sobre os volumes e capacidades pulmonar, sobre a força dos músculos respiratórios e do fluxo aéreo, predispondo o idoso a complicações que podem resultar em internações e até em morte. A massa e a força muscular reduzida já é bem estudada nesta população, porém com poucos estudos investigando a relação com a função respiratória. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação entre força muscular respiratória e força de preensão palmar em idosos institucionalizados e da comunidade. MÉTODO: Caracteriza-se por um estudo transversal com 64 voluntários, sendo 33 institucionalizado (GI) e 31 da comunidade (GC). Foram avaliados a pressão inspiratória máxima (PImax), pressão expiratória máxima (PEmax), pico de fluxo expiratório (PF), força de preensão palmar dominante (FPP D) e não dominante (FPP ND), dados antropométricos e nível de atividade física (IPAQ curto). Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística através do teste t student para amostras independentes para comparação entre os grupos, análise de covariância (ANCOVA) controlada pela covariável idade para as variáveis respiratórias e para a força de preensão palmar, teste de Pearson para avaliação da correlação das variáveis e a análise de regressão linear para identificação da influência das variáveis respiratórias sobre a FPP, além da correção de Bonferroni para excluir o erro do tipo I. RESULTADOS: Os valores encontrados nos testes respiratórios e de força entre os grupos, diferiram estatisticamente mesmo controlado pela covariável idade, sendo que o GI apresentou valores inferiores ao GC. No GI não encontramos correlação entre as variáveis respiratórias e as de FPP, porém o preditor respiratório mais fortemente associado à FPP D foi a PEmax (p=0,04). No GC verificou-se correlação entre PImax e FPP D (r=0,539), PEmax e FPP D / ND (r=0,62 / 0,6), PF e FPP D / ND (r=0,64 / 0,43) e o preditor respiratório mais fortemente associado à FPP D foi PF (p=0,009) e PEmax (p=0,028) e para FPP ND foi a PEmax (p=0,021). Na análise conjunta dos grupos verificou-se associação entre PImax e FPP D / ND (r=0,40 / 0,41), PEmax e FPP D / ND (r=0,57 / 0,54), PF e FPP D / ND (r=0,57 / 0,47) e o preditor respiratório mais fortemente associado à FPP D foi PF (p=0,01) e PEmax (p=0,03) e para FPP ND foi a PEmax (p=0,008) e PF (p=0,041). CONCLUSÃO: O GI apresenta maior fraqueza da musculatura respiratória e estas variáveis não se relacionam bem com a FPP. Em idosos da comunidade o PF e a PEmax parecem ser um bom preditor para a FPP / INTRODUCTION: The effects of aging on the respiratory system begin at approximately 25 years of age and lead to a decrease in the maximum function of this system. This diminished function is noticeable on lung volumes and capacities, on respiratory muscle strength and airflow, predisposing the elderly to complications that may result in hospitalization and even death. The mass and reduced muscle strength is already well studied in this population, but with few studies investigating the relation with the respiratory function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and palmar grip strength in institutionalized and community aged individuals. METHOD: It is characterized by a cross-sectional study with 64 volunteers, being institutionalized 33 (GI) and 31 from the community (GC). The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), peak expiratory flow (PF), dominant palmar grip strength (FPP D) and non-dominant (FPP ND), anthropometric data and level of physical activity (short IPAQ). The data were submitted to statistical analysis through t Student test for independent samples for comparison between groups, covariance analysis (ANCOVA) controlled by covariate age for respiratory variables and for palmar grip strength, Pearson test for correlation evaluation of the variables and the linear regression analysis to identify the influence of the respiratory variables on the FPP, besides the Bonferroni correction to exclude the type I error. RESULTS: The values found in the respiratory and strength tests between the groups, differed statistically even by the covariable age, and the GI presented values lower than the GC. In GI, we found no correlation between respiratory and FPP variables, but the respiratory predictor most strongly associated with FPP D was the PEmax (p = 0.04). In the CG, correlation was found between PImax and FPP D (r = 0.539), PEmax and FPP D / ND (r = 0.62 / 0.6), PF and FPP D / ND (r = 0.64 / 0, 43) and the respiratory predictor most strongly associated with FPP D was PF (p = 0.009) and PEmax (p = 0.028) and for FPP ND was PEmax (p = 0.021). In the joint analysis of the groups, an association between PImax and FPP D / ND (r = 0.40 / 0,41), PEmax and FPP D / ND (r = 0.57 / 0.54), FP and FPP D (P = 0.01) and PEmax (p = 0.03) and for FPP ND it was the PEmax (p = 0.07) and ND (r = 0.57 / 0.47) and the respiratory predictor most strongly associated with FPP D = 0.008) and PF (p = 0.041). CONCLUSION: GI shows greater respiratory muscle weakness and these variables do not correlate well with PPF. In the elderly in the community, PF and PEmax appear to be a good predictor of PPF

INTRODUÇÃO: Os efeitos do envelhecimento no sistema respiratório iniciam-se aproximadamente aos 25 anos de idade e leva a diminuição da função máxima deste sistema. Esta diminuição de função é perceptível sobre os volumes e capacidades pulmonar, sobre a força dos músculos respiratórios e do fluxo aéreo, predispondo o idoso a complicações que podem resultar em internações e até em morte. A massa e a força muscular reduzida já é bem estudada nesta população, porém com poucos estudos investigando a relação com a função respiratória. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação entre força muscular respiratória e força de preensão palmar em idosos institucionalizados e da comunidade. MÉTODO: Caracteriza-se por um estudo transversal com 64 voluntários, sendo 33 institucionalizado (GI) e 31 da comunidade (GC). Foram avaliados a pressão inspiratória máxima (PImax), pressão expiratória máxima (PEmax), pico de fluxo expiratório (PF), força de preensão palmar dominante (FPP D) e não dominante (FPP ND), dados antropométricos e nível de atividade física (IPAQ curto). Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística através do teste t student para amostras independentes para comparação entre os grupos, análise de covariância (ANCOVA) controlada pela covariável idade para as variáveis respiratórias e para a força de preensão palmar, teste de Pearson para avaliação da correlação das variáveis e a análise de regressão linear para identificação da influência das variáveis respiratórias sobre a FPP, além da correção de Bonferroni para excluir o erro do tipo I. RESULTADOS: Os valores encontrados nos testes respiratórios e de força entre os grupos, diferiram estatisticamente mesmo controlado pela covariável idade, sendo que o GI apresentou valores inferiores ao GC. No GI não encontramos correlação entre as variáveis respiratórias e as de FPP, porém o preditor respiratório mais fortemente associado à FPP D foi a PEmax (p=0,04). No GC verificou-se correlação entre PImax e FPP D (r=0,539), PEmax e FPP D / ND (r=0,62 / 0,6), PF e FPP D / ND (r=0,64 / 0,43) e o preditor respiratório mais fortemente associado à FPP D foi PF (p=0,009) e PEmax (p=0,028) e para FPP ND foi a PEmax (p=0,021). Na análise conjunta dos grupos verificou-se associação entre PImax e FPP D / ND (r=0,40 / 0,41), PEmax e FPP D / ND (r=0,57 / 0,54), PF e FPP D / ND (r=0,57 / 0,47) e o preditor respiratório mais fortemente associado à FPP D foi PF (p=0,01) e PEmax (p=0,03) e para FPP ND foi a PEmax (p=0,008) e PF (p=0,041). CONCLUSÃO: O GI apresenta maior fraqueza da musculatura respiratória e estas variáveis não se relacionam bem com a FPP. Em idosos da comunidade o PF e a PEmax parecem ser um bom preditor para a FPP / INTRODUCTION: The effects of aging on the respiratory system begin at approximately 25 years of age and lead to a decrease in the maximum function of this system. This diminished function is noticeable on lung volumes and capacities, on respiratory muscle strength and airflow, predisposing the elderly to complications that may result in hospitalization and even death. The mass and reduced muscle strength is already well studied in this population, but with few studies investigating the relation with the respiratory function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and palmar grip strength in institutionalized and community aged individuals. METHOD: It is characterized by a cross-sectional study with 64 volunteers, being institutionalized 33 (GI) and 31 from the community (GC). The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), peak expiratory flow (PF), dominant palmar grip strength (FPP D) and non-dominant (FPP ND), anthropometric data and level of physical activity (short IPAQ). The data were submitted to statistical analysis through t Student test for independent samples for comparison between groups, covariance analysis (ANCOVA) controlled by covariate age for respiratory variables and for palmar grip strength, Pearson test for correlation evaluation of the variables and the linear regression analysis to identify the influence of the respiratory variables on the FPP, besides the Bonferroni correction to exclude the type I error. RESULTS: The values found in the respiratory and strength tests between the groups, differed statistically even by the covariable age, and the GI presented values lower than the GC. In GI, we found no correlation between respiratory and FPP variables, but the respiratory predictor most strongly associated with FPP D was the PEmax (p = 0.04). In the CG, correlation was found between PImax and FPP D (r = 0.539), PEmax and FPP D / ND (r = 0.62 / 0.6), PF and FPP D / ND (r = 0.64 / 0, 43) and the respiratory predictor most strongly associated with FPP D was PF (p = 0.009) and PEmax (p = 0.028) and for FPP ND was PEmax (p = 0.021). In the joint analysis of the groups, an association between PImax and FPP D / ND (r = 0.40 / 0,41), PEmax and FPP D / ND (r = 0.57 / 0.54), FP and FPP D (P = 0.01) and PEmax (p = 0.03) and for FPP ND it was the PEmax (p = 0.07) and ND (r = 0.57 / 0.47) and the respiratory predictor most strongly associated with FPP D = 0.008) and PF (p = 0.041). CONCLUSION: GI shows greater respiratory muscle weakness and these variables do not correlate well with PPF. In the elderly in the community, PF and PEmax appear to be a good predictor of PPF

Heart failure is a progressive condition that affects over 5.7 million Americans and costs associated with heart failure account for 2-3 % of the national health care budget. The high rates of morbidity and mortality along with increased costs from readmissions associated with advanced heart failure have led to the exploration of advanced treatments such as left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). LVADS have demonstrated morbidity and mortality benefit but cost remains extensive with costs per quality-adjusted years > $400,000. With this in mind, it is important to identify those who are most likely to benefit from an LVAD to avoid unfavorable outcomes and cost. Although general guidelines and criteria for patient eligibility have been established, choosing patients for LVAD implantation remains challenging. A new focus on patient selection involves the presence of frailty. While frailty has been studied in the elderly population and in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, frailty in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) remains controversial. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine measures of frailty in patients undergoing LVAD implantation. The specific aims of this dissertation were to: (1) identify a feasible frailty measure in adults with end-stage heart failure who underwent LVAD implantation by testing the hypothesis that frailty would predict 30 day rehospitalization rates using Fried’s criteria, Short Physical Performance Battery test, handgrip strength, serum albumin and six minute walk test (2) Determine whether frailty measures improve 3 months post LVAD implantation (3) compare sensitivity of these three measures to change in frailty. Surgical approaches, including heart transplantation and LVAD implantation, for patients with end-stage heart failure was discussed in this dissertation. Data from two subsets of participants who underwent LVADS at the University of Kentucky between 2014 and 2017 were included in the analysis for this dissertation. In the first study, we found that none of the measures are good predictors of frailty in patients with advanced heart failure who undergo LVAD implantation. Handgrip was the only marker of frailty that predicted 30 day readmission but the relationship was a negative association. In the second study, six-minute walk and low serum albumin levels reflect short-term improvement in frailty. These simple measures may be used to determine those patients who are responsive to LVAD implantation. The findings of these studies filled some gaps in our understanding of markers of frailty in patients undergoing LVADs. We gained a better understanding of which markers of frailty are likely to improve in most people after LVAD implantation and thus frailty should not preclude candidate selection for an LVAD. Subsequently, more research is needed to investigate these markers and outcomes.

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> A complex interaction between muscles, tendons, bones, joints and nerves are required for optimal function of the human hand. It is known that an individual’s grip strength is vital for performance of physical demanding tasks such as strength training with free weights. Strength training including a thicker grip around the bar may enhance the strength of the grip in the athlete without other special routines for grip strength development. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the difference in performance in multiple repetitions in two strength training exercises using two different sizes on the bar, to look for correlations between grip strength of the subjects hand and the amount of repetitions executed with two different size of the bar and finally the correlation of hand size and the amount of repetitions executed with two different size of the bar.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> 15 strength training men (23,9 ± 4,1 years), underwent measurements of hand size, maximum grip strength, 1 repetition maximum (1RM), a 80 % of 1RM weight strength test with two different  bar sizes.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The results from the present investigation indicates a 21,1 % reduction of 80 % of 1 RM weight performance in repetitions executed in the bench press with the thicker diameter of the bar and a 66,2 % reduction in repetitions executed with a 80 % of 1 RM weight in the lying bench row with the thicker diameter of the bar. The size of the hand or the maximum grip strength does not influences the performance in the 80 % of 1 RM strength test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With support of the results from this present investigation the size of the bar diameter significant influences the performance in maximum repetitions executed in a set in strength training with free weights, in a rowing exercise the repetitions executed reduced with 66,2 % and in the bench press the reduction of executed repetitions were 21,1 % with the thicker diameter of the bar. The size of the hand do not influences the performance of maximal executed repetitions with the thicker bar diameter. Maximal grip strength has no influence of the performance according to the findings of this investigation.</p>

published_or_final_version / Medical Sciences / Master / Master of Medical Sciences