Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:58:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_lb_me_assis.pdf: 330831 bytes, checksum: d07aa925d577ea8291d57806ee6974cc (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa refere-se a um estudo sobre a questão das políticas públicas na área da infância e juventude, referenciado no Conselho Municipal dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente e no Conselho Tutelar do município de Assis/SP. O objetivo principal foi a análise destes órgãos enquanto mecanismos de controle social, gestão, implantação e fiscalização de políticas públicas. Com vistas a atingir esse objetivo, inicialmente fizemos um recorte da história do atendimento à crianças e adolescentes no Brasil, amparados pela bibliografia, bem como pelas normativas legais na área da infância e adolescência, traçando um percurso desde a condição de “não-ser” da criança à noção de “sujeito de direitos”, bem como a contextualização de outras categorias conceituais relacionadas ao nosso objeto de estudo, imprescindíveis para o seu entendimento. Para coleta de dados utilizamos a Observação (das reuniões do Conselho), Análise de Fontes Documentais (atas e demais documentos do órgão) e Entrevistas (com os Conselheiros com mandato vigente à época da coleta e outros já desligados da função). O material colhido, via entrevistas, foi organizado e analisado com base na Análise de Conteúdo, na perspectiva de Laurence Bardin. A discussão dos dados foi permeada pela revisão da bibliografia e da legislação referente ao tema, procurando contextualizar a questão das políticas públicas para a infância e juventude dentro de um processo de construção social, histórico e cultural, e uma tentativa de apreensão dos Conselhos de Direitos e Tutelares enquanto instâncias atravessadas por forças institucionais, sociais e políticas. Resultados confirmam estudos... / This research relates to a study on the issue of political public in the area of children and Youth, identified in City Council Rights of the Child and Adolescent Council and the Tutelar Council in the City of Assis. The main objective was to analyze these bodies as mechanisms of social control, management, implementation and monitoring of policies public. In order to achieve this goal, initially made a cut of history of care for children and adolescents in Brazil, supported by bibliography as well as the laws in the field of childhood and adolescence, tracing a path from a “non-being of the child the notion of subject of rights and the background of other conceptual categories related to our object of study, essential for your understanding. To collect data used to Note (of the meetings of the Council), Analysis of documentary sources (minutes and other documents of the organ) and interviews (with the advisers with current mandate at the time of collection and others have turned off the light). The material collected through interviews, was organized and analyzed based on Content analysis, in view of Laurence Bardin. The discussion of Data was permeated by reviewing the literature and legislation relating to theme, looking contextualize the issue of public policy for childhood and youth in a process of social construction, historical and cultural, and an attempt to seize the Councils of Rights and Guardiansh while instances forces crossed by institutional, social and political. Results confirm previous studies that, as advocates for the legislation who created them, recognize the Councils... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

The labor guardianship of worker’s fundamental rights: A pending subject in times of reformThe articlestarts with the penetration of Constitutional Law in labor relations mainly promoted by the Constitutional Court, which with its repeated statements have specified the normative content of workers’ constitutional rights. From this, it maintains that in protection matters of fundamental rights we are in the middle of an insufficientordinary route and another extraordinary route, legal protection, also unable to assume adequate protection of workers. The article analyzes particularities that should have a claim of violation of the fundamental rights of any other in alabor site to pick up characteristics such as:  accentuated swiftness, priority and preventing inadmissibility “in limine”. Finally, the text concludes regretting that New Procedural Labor Lawhasn’t created an ad hoc process for the protection of fundamental rights and that, on the contrary, it has opted for a disperse and chaotic system to protect them. / El artículo tiene como punto de partida la penetración del Derecho Constitucional en las relaciones de trabajo impulsada principalmente por el Tribunal Constitucional, el cual, con sus reiteradas sentencias, ha precisado el contenido normativo de los derechos constitucionales de los trabajadores. A partir de ello, se sostiene que en materia de protección de los derechos fundamentales nos encontramos en medio de una vía ordinaria insuficiente y otra vía extraordinaria, la del amparo, también incapaz de asumir la protección adecuada del trabajador. El artículo analiza las particularidades que debe tener una demanda de violación de derechos fundamentales y que la diferencian de cualquier otra en sede laboral para recoger características como: celeridad acentuada, prioridad e impedir la improcedencia in limine. Finalmente, el texto concluye lamentando que la Nueva Ley Procesal del Trabajo no haya creado un proceso ad hoc para la protección de derechos fundamentales y que, por el contrario, se haya optado por un sistema disperso y caótico para la protección de los mismos.

As redes de proteção à criança e ao adolescente constituem uma política pública recente no contexto nacional. O Conselho Tutelar é uma instituição que aciona o funcionamento das redes, sob a égide jurídica do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA). Nesse campo problemático e complexo, quais os significados e representações da função social do Conselho Tutelar construídas pelos seus atores principais? Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o funcionamento dessa instituição, a partir das práticas discursivas de seus agentes. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, referenciado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, segundo Moscovici e Jodelet. A coleta de dados ocorreu em cinco sessões de grupo focal, análise de documentos, prontuários e observação participante da rotina institucional, num Conselho Tutelar que atua num município de pequeno porte (85 mil habitantes) no interior do país. Os dados foram analisados através da técnica denominada Análise de Conteúdo, que consiste na identificação dos temas recorrentes e emergentes, seja nas regularidades ou singularidades discursivas. As unidades de significado foram organizadas em categorias temáticas que explicitaram os aspectos cognitivos, afetivos e políticos do dispositivo grupal. Enquanto resultados, afirma-se que os discursos indicam posicionamentos defensivos, ambivalentes e paradoxais no que tange ao trabalho do Conselho Tutelar e a Doutrina de Proteção Integral. Os enunciados trazem à tona incompatibilidades entre a esfera pública e a esfera privada. As condições institucionais, concretas e subjetivas, contribuem efetivamente para o sofrimento psíquico dos conselheiros tutelares, com destaque para a impotência e regressão psicofamiliar frente às pressões da sociedade. As representações sociais, objetivadas na prática desses agentes públicos, desvelam que o dispositivo acabou tomando a forma do mal social que visa a combater. Conclui-se, enquanto tese, que o Conselho Tutelar, tal como está estruturado no país, funciona como um dispositivo ideológico e propagandístico, sendo pouco capaz de atender aos anseios sociais por promoção de direitos, inclusão e cidadania. Frente ao julgamento ético e moral, as vítimas tendem a ser culpabilizadas, incorrendo na amenização ou negação dos danos, justificando a violência para fins idealistas na educação exemplar. Diante da condição paradoxal, constatou-se um processo de estereotipia, discriminação e demonização da clientela. / The child and adolescent protection network is a recent public politics in the national context. The Guardianship Council is an institution that actuates the networks functioning, under the legal aegis of the Child and Adolescent Statute (CAS). In this complex field, what are the meanings and representations of the function of the Guardianship Council constituted by its main actors? This study aimed to analyze the functioning of this institution, from its agents discursive practices. Its a qualitative study, having as reference the Theory of the Social Representations, according to Moscovici and Jodelet. The data collection occurred in five sessions of focal group, analysis of documents, records and participating observation of the institutional routine, at a Guardianship Council that acts in a small city (85 thousand inhabitants) in the countrys interior. The data were analyzed through the Content Analyzed, which consists in identifying the recurrent and emerging themes, on the discursive regularity or uniqueness. The meaning units were organized into thematic categories that show the cognitive, affective and political aspects of the group device. While results, its affirmed that the speeches indicated defensive, ambivalent and paradox positions regarding the Guardianship Councils work and the Integral Protective Doctrine, findings revealed an incompatibilities between the public and private spheres. The institutional conditions, concrete and subjective, contribute to the psychic suffering of the guardianship counselors, highlighting the psych familiar impotence and regression. The social representations, objectified at these public agent practices, unveiling that the device, ended taking the shape of the social ill that aims to combat. Its concluded, as thesis, that the Guardianship Council, as it is organized in Brazil, works as an ideological and propagandistic device, it is incapable to attend the social expectations by rights, social inclusion and citizenship. In view of the ethical and moral judgment, the victims tend to be blamed, incurring mitigation or denial of the damage, justifying the violence to idealistic ends at the exemplary education. Concluding, it has been found a process of stereotyping, discrimination and demonizing of the communities.

Tutorship (as type of guardianship). The thesis deals with a guardianship, with the most important historical milestones in a guardianship evolution and with the guardianship legislation in the Czech Republic taking into account guardianship legislation in the Federal Republic of Germany. Through the guardianship is provided alternative legal protection of legally incompetent minor lacking necessary legal protection. The aim of the guardianship is ensuring an appropriate alternative legal protection of ward's legal matters. The thesis is dividend into two parts and eight chapters. The first part is devoted to the most important codifications which in my opinion influenced the development of the guardianship on our territory the most. The first part deal with guardianship legislation in the Roman law, provincial and municipal law, in the General Civil Code and marginally about guardianship legislation contained in the Act of family law and in the Family Code. The second part of the thesis deal with guardianship legislation in the Czech Republic taking into account guardianship legislation in the Federal Republic of Germany. The second charter is devoted to the term guardianship and to the sources of guardianship legal regulation in the Czech republic. The core of the thesis consists of the third to eighth...

The parent-child relationship in South Africa has recently undergone revolutionary changes. These changes are especially evident in relation to guardianship, care and contact. <p.The parent-child relationship has been revolutionised from one where the paterfamilias had the right of life or death (ius vitae necisque) over members of the family who fell under his power, to one where children have rights and parents have responsibilities. In Roman law the original power of the paterfamilias was later limited and duties were placed on the paterfamilias. In Roman Dutch law parents had not only parental powers or rights over their children, but also parental duties which they had to perform. In both Roman law as well as Roman Dutch law the father of a child born out of wedlock had no parental authority whatsoever. This meant that such father did not even have a right of access to his child. Roman Dutch law was received into South Africa. The South African Children’s Act 38 of 2005 does not refer to parental power or parental authority, instead the term “parental responsibilities and rights” is used. Guardianship is defined similarly in South African law prior to the Children’s Act as well as in the Children’s Act itself. The Children’s Act replaces the term “custody” with the term “care”. The Act also replaces the term “access” with the term “contact”. The definitions of these terms in the South African Children’s Act are similar to the definitions found in South African law prior to the Children’s Act. However, the Children’s Act has revolutionised the concepts of guardianship, care and contact in a number of ways. Firstly, the father of a child born out of wedlock acquires automatic parental responsibility and rights in certain instances. Secondly, the mother of a child may enter into a parental responsibility and rights agreement with the father of a child born out of wedlock, who does not acquire automatic parental responsibility and rights, or with any other person. Thirdly, any person having an interest in the care and welfare of the child, this includes the father of a child born out of wedlock and grandparents, may approach the court for an order granting them guardianship, care of or contact with a child. In South African law the best interests of the child standard has been applied for a number of years in matters concerning children. The best interests of the child standard is enshrined in section 28(2) of the South African Constitution, 1996 and in the Children’s Act. The rights of children in South Africa are protected in the South African Constitution, as well as in the Children’s Act. The trends evident in the Children’s Act, such as the emphasis of parental responsibility, and the protection of the rights of the child, are in line with trends in both international law (found in international conventions) as well as foreign law (for example, in the Children’s Acts of Ghana, Uganda, Kenya and the United Kingdom) and enhances the evolution of children’s rights. / Thesis (LLD (Private Law))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Private Law / unrestricted

This thesis examines the interpretive tradition of Mullā Ṣadrā in the context of the schools of Tehran and Qum. Mullā Ṣadrā’s transcendental philosophy (al-ḥikmah al-mutaʿālīyah or ḥikmat) avails itself to a number of readings; however, this thesis focuses on the philosophical and mystical (ʿirfānī) readings in terms of their development, transmission and their impact on how ḥikmat is understood in the modern Iranian seminary (ḥawza). The way in which a text is read in the ḥawza has great implications for the development of ideas, as the ḥawza uses a text based system to train students in a particular field. While both readings were studied by the majority of transcendental philosophers (ḥukamāʾ) in the school of Tehran, the school of Qum saw a greater separation between the readings and I show that for a number of reasons, including the introduction of seminal texts written by ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī, a preference developed for a more philosophical reading of transcendental philosophy. I examine evidence for the different preferences of the ḥukamāʾ for either a more philosophical or ʿirfānī reading of ḥikmat through an examination of their writings on the subjects of existence (wujūd), guardianship (walāyah) and resurrection (maʿād) which act as case studies. The theoretical implications of both approaches are examined in each chapter as well as their interdependence. The schools of Tehran and Qum built on Mullā Ṣadrā’s framework and provided new interpretations of important issues. Apart from the intricate discussions on the core aspects of ḥikmat, Muḥammad Riżā Qumshihī’s masterful examination of the Seal of the Saints and ʿAlī Mudarris Zunūzī’s philosophy of bodily resurrection are examples of a thriving interpretive tradition in Iran and constitute significant developments of important philosophical and ʿirfānī concepts from the ideas of their predecessors.

Longtemps délaissé par les différents législateurs européens, le droit des incapacités fait l'objet d'une toute nouvelle attention depuis la fin des années 1990. Sous l'influence du Conseil de l'Europe, la France a entrepris des réformes qui se veulent davantage humanistes. Ces nouveaux textes doivent permettre de protéger les personnes les plus vulnérables tout en garantissant l'exercice de leur droit au respect de la vie privée et familiale. Ce double objectif peut sembler à la fois utopique et contradictoire, puisque toutes les mesures de protection entrainent des restrictions de la capacité et ont donc des répercutions sur les décisions les plus intimes du majeur protégé.Pourtant, que ce dernier vive dans la cité ou qu'il soit accueilli en établissement sanitaire ou social, la loi semble parvenir à un équilibre. Celui-ci résulte d'une place toute particulière accordée à la capacité naturelle, à la volonté mais également à l'autonomie de l'intéressé.Le système n'est toutefois pas parfait. Parfois, le législateur n'a pas eu l'audace d'aller au bout de sa démarche et maintient des incapacités de principe dans les domaines les plus intimes de la vie privée du protégé. D'autres fois, au contraire, il est allé trop loin, sacrifiant la protection sur l'autel de l'autonomie. Des améliorations sont donc nécessaires. À cette fin, il est possible d'envisager la suppression de ces dernières incapacités et de les remplacer par un dispositif de protection s'adaptant au degré d'inaptitude de l'intéressé. Il est également possible d'imaginer une généralisation de l'assistance, mécanisme idoine lorsque les décisions sont particulièrement liées à la personne. / Neglected by the various European legislators for a long time, incapacity Law has been a primary focus since the late nineties. Influenced by the European Council, France has undertaken a more humanistic reform. The new legislation should help to protect the most vulnerable ones while ensuring the exercise of their fundamental rights, including the right for respect of privacy. This dual objective seems both unrealistic and contradictory at the same time since all protection measures lead to capacity restrictions and therefore impact the most intimate decisions the protected adult has to make.Yet, wherever the protected adult live, in the city or in an institution, the llaw seems to have found balance. This is the result of a particular importance given to the natural ability, the will but also the autonomy of the individual.However, the system is not perfect. Sometimes, the legislator did not dare to go further and maintains disabilities by principle in areas the most related to the protected person’s privacy. At other times however, it goes too far choosing autonomy over protection. Improvements are needed. To this end, it is possible to consider the removal of the remaining disabilities and replace them with a protection scheme adjusting to the degree of disability of the individual. It is also possible to imagine a generalization of the assistance which is appropriate when decisions are closely related to the person.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:17:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Ferraz.pdf: 579143 bytes, checksum: 287e4756cded853b31f5fcc2390522a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-22 / The process has as main purpose to constitute skillful instrument to satisfy the interest of the part that claims in judgment the accomplishment of a material right. The great concern of modern procedural science, however, is about the effectiveness of the jurisdictional guardianship, ahead of the fact of slowdown constitutes great obstacle to the effectiveness of the process. In this diapason, he was inserted in the native order, through Law n º 8.952/94, the institute of the anticipation of the guardianship as measured of provisory and fulfillment, applicable character in generic way to the situations citizens to the cognition process. It consists of supplying to the author, total or partially, what it intends to get to the end of the process, in the hypotheses where it has established distrust of irreparable damage or difficult repairing , or is characterized the abuse of process of defense or manifesto dilatory intention of the male defendant , with the purpose to assure the utility of the final result of the process. The questioning of this work happens, however, in what it says respect to the possibility of the concession of the generic anticipated guardianship in face of its implicit postulation. The diverse positioning had been analyzed trying to solve the investigation displayed. Some instructors affirm not to be possible, in virtue of the express requirement of the legal device in regards to the petition of the interested person. They argue, still, that it would represent a confront to the traditional principles of the process, as of the demand or the initiative of the part, the astriction of the judge to the order, the principle device and the principle of the impartiality of the judge. Other instructors understand for the possibility of the supported concession of the anticipated provisions in the implicit order, in the hypotheses where the judge to observe that the requirements demanded for the law are gifts. They ahead allege that of the character publicist of the process, this must take care of above all to the principles of the ample access to justice and of due process of law, considering the importance of the effectiveness of the jurisdictional guardianship. These authors allege that, would not have breaking to the principles constitutional, in the measure where the order of anticipation of the guardianship would be contained, same that implicitly, in the initial order of the part. After the developed research we come to the conclusion that must be possible the concession of the anticipated guardianship despite the order is not express in the initial. He is that, making a balance of the values in game in the case concrete, the judge must is apt to give bigger effectiveness to the process, in fulfillment to the constitutional concept / O processo tem por finalidade constituir instrumento hábil para satisfazer o interesse da parte que postula em juízo a realização de um direito material. A grande preocupação da ciência processual moderna, contudo, diz respeito à eficácia da tutela jurisdicional, diante do fato de que a morosidade constitui grande óbice à efetividade do processo. Nesse diapasão, foi inserido no ordenamento pátrio, por meio da Lei n° 8.952/94, o instituto da antecipação da tutela como medida de caráter provisório e satisfativo, aplicável de maneira genérica às situações sujeitas ao processo de cognição. Consiste em fornecer ao autor, total ou parcialmente, aquilo que pretende obter ao final do processo, nas hipóteses em que haja fundado receio de dano irreparável ou de difícil reparação , ou fique caracterizado o abuso de direito de defesa ou manifesto propósito protelatório do réu , com a finalidade de assegurar a utilidade do resultado final do processo. O questionamento desse trabalho incide, contudo, no que diz respeito à possibilidade da concessão da tutela antecipada genérica em face de sua postulação implícita. Foram analisados os diversos posicionamentos que tentam solucionar a indagação exposta. Alguns doutrinadores afirmam não ser possível, em virtude da exigência expressa do dispositivo legal no tocante ao requerimento da parte interessada. Argumentam, ainda, que representaria uma afronta aos princípios tradicionais do processo, como o da demanda ou da iniciativa da parte, da adstrição do juiz ao pedido, ao princípio dispositivo e ao princípio da imparcialidade do juiz. Outros doutrinadores entendem pela possibilidade da concessão do provimento antecipatório amparadas no pedido implícito, nas hipóteses em que o julgador observar que estão presentes os requisitos exigidos pela lei. Alegam que diante do caráter publicista do processo, este deve atender acima de tudo aos princípios do amplo acesso à justiça e do devido processo legal, considerando a importância da efetividade da tutela jurisdicional. Esses autores alegam que não haveria violação aos princípios constitucionais, na medida em que o pedido de antecipação da tutela estaria contido, mesmo que implicitamente, no pedido inicial da parte. Após as pesquisas desenvolvidas, chegamos à conclusão de que deve ser possível a concessão da tutela antecipada ainda que o pedido não esteja expresso na inicial. É que, fazendo uma ponderação dos valores em jogo no caso concreto, o juiz deve estar apto a dar maior efetividade ao processo, em cumprimento aos ditames constitucionais.

The authority of parents within the parent child relationship has developed from the rigid potestas which the pater in Roman Law could legally exercise to the authority of both parents in Roman-Dutch Law. The relationship had always been based in the biological sphere while the guardianship of the fathers had always been stronger than that of the mother. The position had been altered statutoraly in the Guardianship Act to provide for guardianship for the mother to be equal to that of the father.Under pressure of Constutional norms and prescripts on the one hand and also because of dramatically changed circumstances on the other it has become imperative that the foundation of the relatiopship would be reconcidered to determine its appropriateness for modern circumstances. Parental responsibilities and rights agreements as well as parenting plans to establish such responsibilities and rights in situations where it does not pertain to a perticular parent or a person concerned consequently reflect new and progressive thinking with regard to the nature and content of the relationship. In addition it may be noted that these agreements and plans reflect an inclination on the side of the legislature to move away from expensive, cumbersome and aggresive litigation bt providing the opportunity to persons concerned to come to mutaully acceptable results. It is futher argued that these agreements and plans may be viewed as a first step for the establishment of Family Relationshiop Centres it has developed in Australian Law / LLM (Private Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The authority of parents within the parent child relationship has developed from the rigid potestas which the pater in Roman Law could legally exercise to the authority of both parents in Roman-Dutch Law. The relationship had always been based in the biological sphere while the guardianship of the fathers had always been stronger than that of the mother. The position had been altered statutoraly in the Guardianship Act to provide for guardianship for the mother to be equal to that of the father.Under pressure of Constutional norms and prescripts on the one hand and also because of dramatically changed circumstances on the other it has become imperative that the foundation of the relatiopship would be reconcidered to determine its appropriateness for modern circumstances. Parental responsibilities and rights agreements as well as parenting plans to establish such responsibilities and rights in situations where it does not pertain to a perticular parent or a person concerned consequently reflect new and progressive thinking with regard to the nature and content of the relationship. In addition it may be noted that these agreements and plans reflect an inclination on the side of the legislature to move away from expensive, cumbersome and aggresive litigation bt providing the opportunity to persons concerned to come to mutaully acceptable results. It is futher argued that these agreements and plans may be viewed as a first step for the establishment of Family Relationshiop Centres it has developed in Australian Law / LLM (Private Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014