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本研究旨在探討中等學校輔導教師在校園中同時擔任個案的任課教師和諮商員的雙重關係經驗，以訪談法蒐集資料，經由立意取樣邀請四名任教國中、高中且面臨師生諮商雙重關係的新手和資深輔導教師參與研究訪談，呈現其工作樣貌，並輔以生態系統觀點探討面對雙重關係一事的考量。 　四名輔導教師皆曾聽過師生諮商雙重關係一詞且理解其意涵，但在何時聽聞以及考量原因等則印象不一。受訪教師認為雙重關係的優點包含提供學生觀察老師的機會、較易建立關係，可看到學生不同面向的表現並滿足教師本身對親近感的需求，此外亦可連結資源改善學生環境並推廣輔導工作；而其困擾多為內在感受，如擔心個人身為教師的價值觀介入或需要不時思考此議題的煩惱，至於其他負面影響則因皆可處理而未感困擾。 在師生諮商雙重關係的經驗中，受訪者因學校制度而進入雙重關係，並提及同事期待輔導教師協助個案輔導所給予的壓力，然而受訪者也利用自身教師角色連結校內資源提供學生協助。在外圍系統的決策考量上，因受訪老師選擇接受校園中輔導教師同時授課和個案輔導的限制且忘記當初的矛盾，故無法探究各老師的思考過程。在鉅視系統層面，受訪教師認同自身教師角色，皆有責任崇高或需要更主動付出的自我期待屬之。 　　整體而言，受訪教師接受師生諮商雙重關係的存在，然則不受限制而在此情況下依各自期許盡力而為是其主要因應方式。 / / / To explore the teacher-student dual relationships of middle school counselors, four study participants facing dual-relationships in junior and senior high schools including novice and veteran teachers were interviewed through purposive sampling. The results show their work appearances, assist with the discussion of the consideration facing dual relationships in eco-systems perspective. 　　The four participants all have heard the teacher-student dual relationships and understand its meaning, but have different impressions of when they heard, and the reasons of consideration. Interviewed teachers think the advantages of dual relationships include providing students the opportunity to observe the teachers, being able to build relationships easier, understanding students’ different performance, and meeting the teachers’ own needs of the close feelings, they also can link resources in order to improve the students’ environment, and promote counseling works. However, the distresses are their inner feelings, such as teachers worry about the personal values involving, or the need for thinking of this topic from time to time. Otherwise, they aren’t troubled with the solvable negative effects. 　　From the interviewees’ experiences, their duel relationship with students resulted from the system of school environment. They were under the pressure of student individual counseling from their colleagues’ expectations. However, they were able to provide more resources in the school under their role as a teacher. In terms of the decision making of exosystem, how the interviewees processed their conflicts of duel relationship is hard to explore since they have already accepted the reality of teaching and counseling in the same time as guidance counselor (guidance teacher), and forgot about their first thought. When we look at the macrosystem, interviewees’ identified their roles as teachers, and considered it as a high responsibility career, and expected themselves devoted to their career more. 　　Generally speaking, the interviewees accept the teacher-student dual relationships. Their way to deal with this inner conflict is trying their best according to their own expectation without other limitation.

Summary in English / Text in Afrikaans / Awareness of and interest in the incidence of sexual child abuse has been increasing. The current prominence of this phenomenon in south Africa, . is evidenced by reports in the printed and electronic media. A study of the prehistoric era, ancient civilizations, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance and later shows that children have been sexua·lly abused throughout all ages. Yet, the sexual abuse of children is incompatible with the values and goals of authentic nurturing. i • Child sexuality can never ~e equated w1.th adult I sexuality. The child lacks the emotional~ mental, intellectual and physical capabilities to manage sexual contact with an adult person. He/ she is therefore not in a position to agree to intimate intercourse. This research project mainly focused on the relationship between the identification of and aid to the sexually abused child, and the personality functioning of adults who were sexually abused as children. An ontological-antropological approach to childhood has shown that the sexually abused child has the right to the school guidance teacher's respect for his dignity as child and a need for a response to his pain and yearning. The sexually abused child is situated in a distinctive lifeworld and sexual abuse has affective, social and physical consequences. Social relations are negatively affected and some children show self-destructive behavior. The establishment of an authentic and stable sexual identity is especially threatened. Children should be educated to resist the sexual advances of adults, while sexually abused children should be provided with adequate aid. Educators (guidance teachers) should therefore have the necessary guidelines at their disposal for the prevention and treatment of sexual child abuse. / Psychology of Education / D.Ed. (Psychology of Education)

Summary in English / Text in Afrikaans / Awareness of and interest in the incidence of sexual child abuse has been increasing. The current prominence of this phenomenon in south Africa, . is evidenced by reports in the printed and electronic media. A study of the prehistoric era, ancient civilizations, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance and later shows that children have been sexua·lly abused throughout all ages. Yet, the sexual abuse of children is incompatible with the values and goals of authentic nurturing. i • Child sexuality can never ~e equated w1.th adult I sexuality. The child lacks the emotional~ mental, intellectual and physical capabilities to manage sexual contact with an adult person. He/ she is therefore not in a position to agree to intimate intercourse. This research project mainly focused on the relationship between the identification of and aid to the sexually abused child, and the personality functioning of adults who were sexually abused as children. An ontological-antropological approach to childhood has shown that the sexually abused child has the right to the school guidance teacher's respect for his dignity as child and a need for a response to his pain and yearning. The sexually abused child is situated in a distinctive lifeworld and sexual abuse has affective, social and physical consequences. Social relations are negatively affected and some children show self-destructive behavior. The establishment of an authentic and stable sexual identity is especially threatened. Children should be educated to resist the sexual advances of adults, while sexually abused children should be provided with adequate aid. Educators (guidance teachers) should therefore have the necessary guidelines at their disposal for the prevention and treatment of sexual child abuse. / Psychology of Education / D.Ed. (Psychology of Education)

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-06-20T21:28:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliana de Souza Silva.pdf: 2526573 bytes, checksum: 1883572ed89225e8eb8a0e63644e01cc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-20T21:28:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliana de Souza Silva.pdf: 2526573 bytes, checksum: 1883572ed89225e8eb8a0e63644e01cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-27 / This study aims at the Reading Room. It has as general objective to analyze along with students and Reading Room teacher the use they do from the Reading Room, how they perceive this space to readers’ formation. As specifics objectives we list the followings: Check which the place of the reading room in the formation of readers subjects; How the school knows and recognizes this space. What use do they do of this spaceand to analyze what the conceptions students and teacher do of it. This research was carried out from 2015 to 2017 with a municipal public school located on the north zone outskirts in São Paulo city. The subjects were 19 children belonging to a 5th year's elementary school class the Reading Room's guidance teacher (RRGT). It’s a research that adopts Critical Communicative Methodology which the data collection instruments/techniques were class observation, communicative narrative, group discussion and interview, as well as the analyzes the official documents that legalize the Reading Room. As theoretical reference we resort the following authors: Lajolo (1993), Freire (1987, 1988, 1989, 1996), Lerner (2002) Martins (1994) Silva (1991), Solé (2009), Petit (2009), among others. As results we can affirm that during the research's time the observed practices did not contribute to the readers' formation because the reading was not worked in an active and responsive way in the classes, distributing in children the possibility to perceiving reading as a pleasant and dialogical activity. / Objeto de la investigación en la Sala de Lectura. Tuvo como objetivo general, estudiar junto a las niñas y profesores orientadores de la Sala de Lectura en el uso que hacen de la sala, como percibir ese espacio para una formación de los lectores. Como objetivos específicos por menorizamos los siguientes: verificación del lugar de la formación de nuevos lectores; cómo una escuela conocida y reconoce este espacio, que hacen uso de los criterios y conceptos que conceptos que los niños y profesores hacen. Esta búsqueda ocurrió en el período de 2015 a 2017 y se convirtió en una escuela pública municipal en la periferia de la zona norte de la ciudad de São Paulo. Los participantes de dicha em cuesta fueron 19 alumnos pertenecientes a una escuela de 5º año de primaria y profesora de Orientación de la Sala de Lectura (POSL). Trata-se de una investigación que se aplica a la Metodología Comunicativa Crítica, ya que los instrumentos / técnicas de coleta de datos para observación de las aulas, relatos comunicativos, grupos de discusión y entrevistas, así como la evaluación de los documentos que legalizan una Sala de Lectura. El punto de referencia teórico recorremos a los siguientes autores: Lajolo (1993), Freire (1987, 1988, 1989, 1996), Chartier (1999), Lerner (2002), Martins (1994), Silva (1991), Solé (2009), entre otros. Como puedo saber que durante el tiempo de la búsqueda como prácticas observadas no contribuyen para una formación de estudiantes debido a una lectura no se ha trabajado de forma activa y responsiva en las aulas afastando a las niñas un punto de percepción de una lectura como la actividad prazerosa y la dialógica. / O objeto da presente pesquisa é a Sala de Leitura. Teve como objetivo geral analisar junto às crianças e professora orientadora da Sala de Leitura o uso que fazem desta sala, como percebem esse espaço para a formação de leitores. Como objetivos específicos elencamos os seguintes: verificar qual o lugar da Sala de Leitura na formação de sujeitos leitores; como a escola conhece e reconhece esse espaço, que uso faz dele e analisar quais as concepções que os crianças e professores fazem dele. Esta pesquisa ocorreu no período de 2015 a 2017 possuindo como universo uma escola pública municipal situada na periferia da zona norte da cidade de São Paulo. Os sujeitos foram 19 crianças pertencentes a uma turma do 5º ano do ensino fundamental e a professora Orientadora da Sala de Leitura (POSL). Trata-se de uma pesquisa que adota a Metodologia Comunicativa Crítica, sendo que os instrumentos/técnicas de coleta de dados foram observação das aulas, relatos comunicativos, grupos de discussão e entrevistas, bem como análise dos documentos oficiais que legalizam a Sala de Leitura. Como referencial teórico recorremos aos seguintes autores: Lajolo (1993), Freire (1987, 1988, 1989, 1996), Chartier (1999), Lerner (2002), Martins (1994), Silva (1991), Solé (2009), Petit (2009), entre outros. Como resultados podemos afirmar que durante o tempo da pesquisa as práticas observadas não contribuíam para a formação de leitores devido a leitura não ser trabalhada de forma ativa e responsiva nas aulas afastando nas crianças a possibilidade de perceber a leitura como atividade prazerosa e dialógica.

Im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit wurde der in den 80er Jahren von Prof. Dr. Lehwald entwickelte FES – Fragebogen Erkenntnisstreben aktualisiert und weiterentwickelt. Dieser erfasst das Erkenntnisstreben, also den motivationalen, durch einen interessanten Gegenstand ausgelösten Zustand, neue Informationen durch gezielte Informationssuche aufzunehmen. Dabei handelt es sich um ein umfassendes Interesse am tiefgründigen Kenntniserwerb. Der FES – 16plus erfasst das Erkenntnisstreben neutral. Die Items suggerieren der Testperson demnach keine spezifische Situation. Es konnte dabei herausgefunden werden, dass die neutrale Erfassung des Erkenntnisstrebens möglich ist, da die Testpersonen über die nötigen kognitiven Fähigkeiten verfügen, die neutral formulierten Items auf die selbstgewählten, positiv besetzten Interessensbereiche zu übertragen. Das Erkenntnisstreben unterteilt sich in die beiden Faktoren Leistungsmotiv und Kognitive Anstrengungsbereitschaft. Neben dem Erkenntnisstreben wird auch dessen Richtung mit Items erfasst, welche an das RIASEC-Modell von Holland angelehnt sind. Der aus dieser Arbeit entstandene Fragebogen FES - 16plus soll als Instrument für Personen ab 16 Jahren im Rahmen der Studienberatung als unterstützende Maßnahme eingesetzt werden. Dessen Verwendung kann die Entscheidungsfindung für eine Studienrichtung erleichtern. Er soll den Einstieg in den Beratungskontext unterstützen, da der FES – 16plus grundlegende Interessen und Einstellungen der Person erfasst. Er kann auch im Schulkontext unterstützend als Instrument genutzt werden, welches eine Person hinsichtlich ihrer Fähigkeiten und Herangehensweisen bei der Aufgabenlösung und -bearbeitung einschätzt und damit erläutert, mit welchen Strategien die Person Probleme und schwierige Aufgaben bewältigt. Der FES – 16plus wurde nach einer Testphase an einer repräsentativen Stichprobe von 465 SchülerInnen der Sekundarstufe II aus dem Bundesland Sachsen normiert und kann damit als Instrument in der Studienberatung eingesetzt werden. Der FES – 16plus erfüllt die Gütekriterien der Objektivität, Reliabilität und Validität und erweist sich damit als ein gutes Instrument, welches im schulischen und universitären Kontext genutzt werden kann. Er bietet breite Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und ist frei zugänglich erhältlich. Der FES-16plus inklusive Manual und Auswertungsbogen kann auf der Webseite https://pro-for-school.jimdo.com/ kostenfrei heruntergeladen werden.:Executive Summary 1. Einleitung 2. Theoretische Fundierung 2.1 Konzept des Erkenntnisstrebens von Gerhard Lehwald 2.2 Das Persönlichkeits-System-Interaktions-Modell von Julius Kuhl 2.3 Das RIASEC-Modell nach John L. Holland 2.4 Exkurs: Das Flow-Erleben 3. Untersuchungsdesign 3.1 Methodenauswahl 3.2 Ablauf der Fragebogenerstellung und Normierung des FES – 16plus 3.3 Fragebogenkonzept 3.4 Testwertermittlung 3.5 Erstellung der Normalverteilungskurve 4. Statistische Überprüfung des FES – 16plus 4.1 Statistische Analyse der Rohversion I 4.2 Statistische Analyse der Rohversion II 4.3 Faktorenanalyse des FES – 16plus 5. Ergebnisse 5.1 Stichprobenzusammensetzung 5.2 Messung des Erkenntnisstrebens 5.3 Messung der Richtung des Erkenntnisstrebens 6. Fazit Literaturverzeichnis Tabellen Anhang