En la presente investigación se analiza la etapa tardía en la pintura del artista Sérvulo Gutiérrez. Para ello se recurre a los motivos pictóricos que dominaron los últimos años de su producción artística: Santa Rosa de Lima y el Señor de Luren. La profusión de estos íconos religiosos criollos en su pintura final nos permiten evidenciar una nueva etapa pictórica inserta dentro de sus últimos años de vida (1958-1961) que se ha denominado etapa icónica. Al integrar a Santa Rosa de Lima y el Señor de Luren en su producción artística final Sérvulo replantea dos íconos tradicionales de la pintura peruana y devuelve a la población criolla de su época en una clave expresionista y sintética. Esta producción permite evidenciar el aporte de Sérvulo Gutiérrez a la idiosincrasia criolla de su época — que se encontraba desestabilizada ante el fenómeno de la migración— al otorgarles unos renovados símbolos de su identidad que han sido parte de su tradición desde la Colonia. De igual manera presenta un hito en la producción artística del siglo XX dedicada a los íconos criollos religiosos al devolverlos a la escena principal artística con una propuesta secular y alejada de los altares. Ello, aunado a su capacidad de síntesis expresiva —basada en un cromatismo y trazos esquemáticos y contrastantes— los convierte en un renovado símbolo de fe y reafirmación de su identidad para la población criolla Finalmente las características plásticas presentes en los íconos religiosos de Sérvulo evidencian la propuesta temprana de unos códigos que serán recién plenamente aceptados por la población criolla contemporánea posteriormente —a fines del siglo XX —en la presencia de Sarita Colonia. Este hecho demuestra la capacidad del pintor de adelantarse a su tiempo al conocer la manera de representar un ícono religioso tradicional en unos códigos destinados al nuevo criollismo mestizo emergente que recién se prefiguraba en su época. / Tesis

Shi´ism intellectual history is the main subject in this bachelor thesis. Mainly the models of interpretation that arose on the basis of the doctrine of the twelfth imam, and how these have influenced politics. The Khomeini doctrine has been used as an example, and the task has been to put the doctrine into a liberation theological perspective. The definition of liberation theology that is used is from the famous liberation theologian Gustavo Gutiérrez. The paper is a presentation of the tradition of the twelfth Imam and will, as mentioned, treat a political doctrine that arose from it. It will present how Khomeini argued for his doctrine and how he claimed that this would lead to freedom of the people and the perfect society. The paper is an example of what can happen when a revolution succeeds with religion as it medium, and when the revolution is transformed from ideas to practice.

How has the party affiliation of presidential candidates impacted presidential elections in Ecuador? Historically, how have political party candidates and outsiders performed in elections and how has this changed over the last 20 years of democratic history? This case study attempts to answer fundamental questions about the connections between parties and electablility of presidential candidates. In a country with an inchoate party system and a history of populism, personalist candidates have always had relatively high levels of electoral success. Yet, it would seem that preference for unaligned candidates is increasing. After years of domination by political party candidates, the Ecuadorian people elected two political neophytes to compete in the final round of the 2002 elections. Both campaigned as outsiders, with strong opposition to the party system, and both created personal political parties that served as electoral vehicles. The dependent variable, the success of outsider candidates in the 2002 elections, appears to come from three main independent variables: a history of weak and highly ineffective parties, voter alienation from institutions due to continuing political and economic crises, and a political culture that revolves around personalist and populist presidents. Because of these evident trends, outsiders in Ecuador have found favorable situations for messages of opposition to the political system. In addition, appeals to alienated citizens, based on a personal campaign, have proven successful in Ecuadorian elections. Parties appear to become increasingly irrelevant in the executive sphere. After a brief historical orientation, this thesis discusses the impact of the presidencies of Abdala Bucaram (elected 1996, impeached 1997) and Jamil Mahuad (elected 1998, overthrown 2000) as important background for the 2002 election. The hypothesis is that in 2002, alignment with traditional political parties damaged candidates in the presidential elections. This thesis analyzes the presidential candidates that participated in the 2002 campaign, and concludes that affiliating with a traditional political party was a liability for a presidential candidate in the 2002 elections.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T19:11:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000443351-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 1310488 bytes, checksum: fe57ab30d4618b9a459a40cf47437b47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / This dissertation focus on the reading of the history since its reverse, made possible through the Liberation Theology, a theology which emerged in Latin America within the broader path of Theology in the 20th century. This dissertation studies different phases in this path. Its main core is on the thought and works of Gustavo Gutiérrez, his method and the founding categories which were elaborated in the beginning of the Liberation Theology, also investigating authors who preceded him and were important in his theological options. The research analyzes how the author developed his great reflections, which stood out in the context of the Liberation Theology; aiming at the understanding and interpretation of the theological place of the poor ones and the Christian faith revelation, lived in the reverse of history, based on the reality faced by the poor ones, those who are not acknowledged in the official history. / Esta dissertação tem como foco a leitura da História desde o seu reverso, possibilitada pela Teologia da Libertação, uma teologia que emergiu na América Latina, dentro do percurso mais amplo da teologia no século XX. Esta dissertação percorre diferentes etapas deste caminho. Possui como núcleo central o pensamento e as obras de Gustavo Gutiérrez, seu método e as categorias fundantes que foram elaboradas no começo da Teologia da Libertação, investigando também autores que o antecederam e foram importantes em suas opções teológicas. A pesquisa analisa como o autor realizou as grandes reflexões, que se destacaram no contexto da Teologia da Libertação; busca a compreensão e interpretação do lugar teológico dos pobres e da revelação da fé cristã, vivida no reverso da história, a partir dessa realidade dos pobres, dos não reconhecidos pela história oficial.

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Begging has engaged many people in Sweden in recent years and the debate has been intense, not least in media. When relatively wealthy people in the welfare state Sweden meet beggars, ethical issues arise. Poverty comes close and becomes more apparent. This paper tries to provide guidance on how each person as an individual could approach various ethical issues that begging gives rise to. The starting point is the potential donor's and not the ethical issues that the beggar wrestles with. The essence of the essay is whether to give money to beggars or not and whether the begging should be banned or not. To highlight the issues, a number of articles have been analyzed that can be considered representative of the debate in Sweden. There are opinion makers in Sweden who argue for a begging bid and who consider that they should not give money to beggars and there are those who believe that a ban is unreasonable and emphasizes the begging as a symptom of a poverty problem that is not solved by prohibition legislation. The different arguments of these opinion makers are compared and analyzed based on a theological perspective where texts from two theologians, one philosopher and a narrative text from the gospels form the starting point. The theologians / philosophers whose ethical approach the essay presents are chosen based on the fact that their thinking is close and has a strong bearing on the essay's question. In his research, Peter Singer has raised poverty alleviation as his main theme, which concerns the issue about begging whose reason is just poverty. He is not a theologian but, in my opinion, enriches the theological perspective. K E Lögstrup is a theologian and, through his ethical theory of the absolute requirement, he can provide an interesting theological perspective on the issue of begging. I will also use narrative text from the Gospel of Luke to highlight the begging issue. Luke's gospel is the book of the New Testament, which most frequently addresses the issue of poverty and the obligations of the rich. Finally, Gustavo Gutiérrez will be treated as representative of liberation theology. The begging issue is much about the power perspective and there the liberation theology has been central in showing that the way we describe reality always assumes a specific context that contains a variety of values that are often assumed to be universal. Simply an analysis of the power perspective needs to be done to make an essay about begging relevant and Gutierrez has a lot to contribute. In this essay I have argued that you do not have a duty to give to all beggars. It is reasonable to make an assessment where the gift is most useful. There may be other purposes where poverty is more acute or apparent and that better needs my gift. It is also reasonable to make an assessment if the beggar is used for criminal activities such as trafficking or prostitution. There are no simple rules for how this should be done, but I mean that it is unethical to give to beggars completely arbitrarily before creating a relationship in order to make a assessment of the individual beggar's situation. That relationship can be created with a few who may be begging in one's neighborhood. At the same time, there is the absolute requirement to take care of our fellow man, who Lögstrup has developed. Over our principles rests an untold, silent requirement that we can not bargain with. The requirement is radical but can not be converted into a universal rule. It might be about giving or not giving money or doing something radically different or not doing anything at all. Every meeting with a beggar is a unique situation that must be judged by the individual at the moment. The requirement calls for listening to God's voice aimed at love and care about the person I meet.

En la presente investigación se analiza la etapa tardía en la pintura del artista Sérvulo Gutiérrez. Para ello se recurre a los motivos pictóricos que dominaron los últimos años de su producción artística: Santa Rosa de Lima y el Señor de Luren. La profusión de estos íconos religiosos criollos en su pintura final nos permiten evidenciar una nueva etapa pictórica inserta dentro de sus últimos años de vida (1958-1961) que se ha denominado etapa icónica. Al integrar a Santa Rosa de Lima y el Señor de Luren en su producción artística final Sérvulo replantea dos íconos tradicionales de la pintura peruana y devuelve a la población criolla de su época en una clave expresionista y sintética. Esta producción permite evidenciar el aporte de Sérvulo Gutiérrez a la idiosincrasia criolla de su época — que se encontraba desestabilizada ante el fenómeno de la migración— al otorgarles unos renovados símbolos de su identidad que han sido parte de su tradición desde la Colonia. De igual manera presenta un hito en la producción artística del siglo XX dedicada a los íconos criollos religiosos al devolverlos a la escena principal artística con una propuesta secular y alejada de los altares. Ello, aunado a su capacidad de síntesis expresiva —basada en un cromatismo y trazos esquemáticos y contrastantes— los convierte en un renovado símbolo de fe y reafirmación de su identidad para la población criolla Finalmente las características plásticas presentes en los íconos religiosos de Sérvulo evidencian la propuesta temprana de unos códigos que serán recién plenamente aceptados por la población criolla contemporánea posteriormente —a fines del siglo XX —en la presencia de Sarita Colonia. Este hecho demuestra la capacidad del pintor de adelantarse a su tiempo al conocer la manera de representar un ícono religioso tradicional en unos códigos destinados al nuevo criollismo mestizo emergente que recién se prefiguraba en su época. / Tesis

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2018-03-20T16:38:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROGER.ALMEIDA.pdf: 1105799 bytes, checksum: 667b10275ff44bb2e3f140597cdd50e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T16:38:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROGER.ALMEIDA.pdf: 1105799 bytes, checksum: 667b10275ff44bb2e3f140597cdd50e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work aims to analyze the concepts of the Kingdom of God in the Latin American theologies of the liberation of Gustavo Gutiérrez and the integral mission of René Padilla through a bibliographical research of the authors, as well as possible divergent and convergent questions, identifying the causes Of his writings on the subject, establishing the importance of the concept in relation to the questions of the theology of the mission of the church and demonstrating to what extent his propositions are shown as a continuation of the prevailing theology or rupture. The bibliographical analysis will focus mainly on the texts produced by Gustavo Gutiérrez and René Padilla, especially those that discuss discussions about the kingdom of God and the church in the mission of the church, pointing out the definitions of the Kingdom of God and the repercussions that the relationship between them Plays in the formulation of Latin American theology to identify the issues we will put into dialogue to identify some divergences and convergences. But certainly other authors will appear in dialogue with the research. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma análise dos conceitos de Reino de Deus nas teologias latino-americanas da libertação de Gustavo Gutiérrez e da missão integral de René Padilla por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica dos autores, como também possíveis questões divergentes e convergentes, identificando as causas de seus escritos acerca da temática, estabelecendo qual a importância do conceito em relação às questões da teologia da missão da igreja e demonstrando em que medida suas proposições se mostram como uma continuidade da teologia predominante ou rompimento. A análise bibliográfica terá como foco principal os textos produzidos por Gustavo Gutiérrez e René Padilla, principalmente aqueles que abordam discussões acerca do Reino da Deus e da igreja na missão da igreja, apontando as definições de Reino de Deus e as repercussões que a relação entre eles desempenha na formulação da teologia latino-americana para identificar as questões que colocaremos em diálogo para identificar algumas divergências e convergências. Mas por certo outros autores surgirão em diálogo com a pesquisa.

La novela 'La violencia del tiempo' de Miguel Gutiérrez destaca como su obra más ambiciosa y extensa, representando el estudio y dominio del género de la novela. A través de la historia de la familia Villar, desde sus orígenes hasta la desaparición del último de sus miembros, Martín Villar, la obra explora un vasto universo narrativo que abarca desde Congará y Piura hasta la geografía peruana, sudamericana y europea. La narrativa refleja un profundo conflicto entre explotadores y explotados, mientras que Martín, el personaje central, busca reconstruir el pasado familiar y cuestiona la historia oficial dominante, representada por figuras como el profesor Candamo de la Romaña. Este enfrentamiento simboliza la lucha entre dos visiones del Perú: una oficial y elitista, y otra desde abajo, marginal y popular.

Tesis