Der Wandel des moralisch-ethischen Denkens in den Dekaden um 1700 ist eine black box. Denn gedruckte Morallehren und Rechtstheorien dokumentieren vorrangig die etablierten, nicht die neuen, zukunftsweisenden Auffassungen. Darauf, was sich verändert und Menschen bewegt, haben die Zeitgenossen in der Transformationsphase kaum verbalsprachlichen Zugriff. In diesem Dilemma bietet das Musiktheater einen Ausweg an. In der barocken und frühaufklärerischen Oper wurden nicht nur absolutistische Fürsten verherrlicht und politisch-amouröse Intrigen inszeniert. Die Musiktheaterbühne war vor allem auch progressive moralische Anstalt. Hier bildeten sich mit rein dramatischen, impliziten Mitteln neue, visionäre ethische Ideen aus und wurden einem größeren Publikum vorgestellt. Die Monographie rekonstruiert die damalige Gemengelage aus alten und neuen moralisch-ethischen Anschauungen, wie sie sich im Musiktheater in drei europäischen Kulturzentren manifestiert: Paris/Versailles, Hamburg und London. Sie zeigt, dass an der Neugestaltung der moralisch-ethischen Visionen nicht nur die Librettisten der zu vertonenden Verse, sondern auch die Komponisten – und zwar mit musikalischen Mitteln – mitwirkten.

Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert am Beispiel Hamburg die Stadtteile hinsichtlich der Bikesharing-Nutzung. Ein Großteil der Untersuchungen im Bereich der öffentlichen Fahrradverleihsysteme geben einen Überblick über verschiedene Kundengruppen. Nur Wenige spezialisieren sich auf eine räumlich städtische Betrachtung bezüglich des Bikesharing. Für zukünftige Auswertungen ist es bedeutsam für Städte, die Bikesharing-Systeme betreiben, Auswirkungen eines solchen Systems auf verschiedene Räumlichkeiten in einer Stadt zu prüfen. Das Ziel dieser Forschung ist es zu erfassen, wie sich ausgewählte zeitbezogene und technische Merkmale der Bikesharing-Nutzung auf Stadtteile auswirken. Über einen Zeitraum vom Mai 2016 bis Mai 2017 werden Fahrten in ausgewählten Stadtteilen 24 Stunden lang betrachtet. Die dabei entstehenden Gruppen sollen untereinander möglichst heterogen sein. Als Datengrundlage wurden Daten des „Call a Bike“ Dienstes der Deutschen Bahn aufbereitet. Der Datensatz beinhaltet alle Stadtteile, in denen sich eine oder mehrere Verleihstationen befinden. Eine Clusteranalyse wurde durchgeführt. Drei in sich homogene Cluster sind entstanden, die daraufhin in allen ihren Merkmalsausprägungen ausgewertet wurden. Diese Gruppen unterscheiden sich hauptsächlich in der durchschnittlichen Dauer einer Fahrt und im Anteil der Kurzfahrten unter 30 Minuten. Je weiter ein Ortsteil vom Zentrum entfernt ist, desto länger dauert eine Fahrt. Der Kurzfahrtenanteil sinkt ebenfalls mit zunehmender Entfernung. Diese Erkenntnisse beweisen, dass die Dauer einer Fahrt den größten Einfluss auf das Klassifizieren besitzt. Die meisten Fahrten in den Stadtteilen beginnen primär am Nachmittag. In Hinblick auf die Wochentage fahren Kunden des ersten Clusters vermehrt am Wochenende. In den anderen beiden Clustern bewegen sich die Personen mehr unter der Woche. Bei der technischen Ausleihe ist festzustellen, dass die ersten beiden Cluster mehr Android-Nutzer beinhalten im dritten Cluster mehr iPhone-Nutzer. Die technische Ausleihe ist unabhängig von der Lage der Stadtteile. Untersuchungen haben ergeben, dass die Stadtteile in drei heterogene Cluster zu unterscheiden sind. Das zweite und das dritte Cluster ähneln sich in Zeiträumen sowie in Wochentagen. Weitere Forschung könnte auf andere zeitbezogene Eigenschaften wie Monate und Jahreszeiten eingehen. Der Einfluss der Techniker wäre ebenfalls interessant.

Twelve field projects were studied where fortyour locations were evaluated to assess the cause or causes of asphalt concrete that exhibits ‘tender zone’ characteristics and to investigate the tendency of these mixes to be susceptible to moisture damage. Data was collected during construction and samples were obtained to conduct laboratory tests. Field and laboratory data was used to develop multiple regression equations to predict final in place air voids and moisture susceptibility. The overall conclusion was that compactability appeared to be predicted in a reasonable manner while moisture susceptibility did not. The Methylene Blue test appears promising when used in conjunction with cold feed and/or mix moisture as a means of providing guidance for achieving higher in place density. The tensile strength ratio (TSR) test as performed in this research on laboratory compacted specimens was found to be questionable in terms of its ability to predict field moisture susceptibility.

No description available.

Hamburg’s marine insurance from the 17th to the middle of the 19th century In the eighteenth century, Hamburg emerged as the third-most important marine insurance market in North-West Europe, after Amsterdam and London, with an impact in the entire Baltic Sea area, but partially in ports along the Atlantic coast and in the Mediterranean as well. On the basis of selected examples this contribution outlines the long-term development of marine insurance rates and explains how and why it gradually became less and less expensive to insure ships and goods in maritime transport. At the same time, the paper examines the factors of pricing of the marine insurance rates, i. e. analyses the significance of different various risk factors. Finally, the importance of (marine) insurance as a central transaction cost of trade and (maritime) transport in pre-industrial times is made clear. It is explained, that the long-term minimalisation of the risks involved in the maritime traffic did start only after the Napoleonic Wars and the subjugation of the last pirates in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, which, however, occurred long before the introduction of steam shipping and other innovations in maritime transport and international communication.

Master of Science / Department of Civil Engineering / Mustaque A. Hossain / Preventive maintenance strategies are applied to pavement to bring it back to appropriate serviceability when it starts to deteriorate soon after construction due to several factors, e.g., traffic loading, deterioration of pavement materials, and climatic effects. In recent years, more and more highway agencies are adopting preventive maintenance strategies and moving away from rehabilitation actions since rehabilitating pavements at near failure is not a cost-effective pavement management technique. A variety of preventive maintenance treatments or thin surface treatments are available to bring pavements back to appropriate serviceability for road users. The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) has adopted several preventive maintenance treatments including thin overlay, ultra-thin bonded asphalt surface (Nova Chip), chip seal, and slurry seal. This thesis discusses the effectiveness of thin surface or preventive maintenance treatments applied in 2007 on 16 highway sections in Kansas. Three types of thin surface treatments, 25-mm Hot-Mix-Asphalt (1” HMA) overlay, ultra-thin bonded asphalt surface (Nova Chip), and chip seal, were examined in this study. These treatments were applied on three types of surface preparation, namely, bare surface, 25-mm surface recycle (1” SR), and 50-mm surface recycle (2” SR). Effectiveness of the thin surface or preventive maintenance treatments for mitigating typical distresses and enhancing pavement performance was evaluated by conducting before-and-after (BAA) comparisons. All data required for this study were extracted from the Pavement Management Information System (PMIS) database of KDOT. It was observed that transverse and fatigue cracking significantly decreased and rutting conditions were improved after the thin surface treatments were applied. Roughness conditions were observed to be better on the highway test sections treated with 25-mm (1”) HMA and Nova Chip, while the effects of chip seals on reducing roughness were not as obvious. Benefit and performance levels of the pavements were observed to rise after the thin surface treatments were applied. The Hamburg Wheel-Tracking Device (HWTD) test was conducted on core samples taken from the highway sections under this study. Laboratory test results showed that most projects exceeded the maximum rut-depth limit (20 mm) specified for 20,000 wheel passes, and the number of wheel passes to failure varied significantly among the projects. Cores from only three projects, two treated with Nova Chip and one with 25-mm (1”) HMA, carried 20,000 wheel passes without exceeding the maximum rut limit of 20 mm (0.8 inch). Pair-wise comparisons or contrasts among the treatments were also performed with the statistical analysis software, SAS. Air void of the HWTD test cores was found to be a significant factor affecting performance of thin surface treatments. The results also revealed that performance was significantly affected by the type of treatment and surface preparation.

Master of Science / Department of Civil Engineering / Mustaque Hossain / The ultra-thin bonded bituminous surface (UBBS), popularly known as Novachip, is a thin hot-mix asphalt layer with high-quality, gap-graded aggregates bonded to the existing surface with a polymer-modified emulsion membrane. This thin surfacing improves ride quality, reduces road-tire noise, minimizes back spray, and increases visibility under wet conditions. The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) has been using UBBS since 2002. Performance of this thin surface treatment strategy has been good in Kansas and elsewhere. However, some of these projects are now being rehabilitated. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials from existing UBBS layers can be used in chip seal and Superpave mixtures. UBBS millings were studied with two different polymer-modified emulsions to assess their performance as precoated aggregates in chip seal. The ASTM D7000-04 sweep test was used to assess chip retention of UBBS millings. Three different mix designs were developed for both 12.5-mm and 9.5-mm nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS)Superpave mixtures using a PG 70-22 asphalt binder and three different percentages (0%, 10%, and 20%) of reclaimed UBBS materials. The designed Superpave mixes were then tested for performance in terms of rutting and stripping using the Hamburg wheel tracking device (HWTD)and moisture sensitivity by modified Lottman tests. Sweep test results showed that UBBS millings did not improve chip retention. Superpave mix design data indicated volumetric properties of Superpave mixes with UBBS millings met all requirements specified by KDOT. HWTD and modified Lottman test results indicated all designed mixes performed better with the addition of UBBS millings as RAP materials. Field performance of UBBS projects was also evaluated. It was found that pavements treated with UBBS showed high variability in service life with majority serving six years. Before and after (BAA) studies showed that UBBS reduces pavement roughness, transverse and fatigue cracking one year after the treatment. However, no consistent improvement in rutting condition was found.

To evaluate the performance of Warm Mixture Asphalt (WMA) with varying amounts of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in comparison with Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA), comprehensive laboratory and field evaluations were conducted. Mix designs were performed for both WMA with a LEADCAP additive and HMA with large amounts of fractionated RAP materials. Hamburg Wheel Tracking (HWT) test was performed to evaluate the rutting and moisture susceptibility of both HMA and WMA laboratory mixtures. HMA mixtures with up to 50% RAP materials by binder replacement exhibited a better performance than WMA mixtures. However, when RAP materials were increased to 75% both WMA and HMA mixtures showed a superior performance. When a specially designed LEADCAP additive for a mixture with a high RAP content called "RAPCAP" was used, the performance was significantly improved. The existing Asphalt Bond Strength (ABS) test (AASHTO TP91-11) was modified to better evaluate the adhesion bond between asphalt binder and aggregate surface. Based on the modified ABS test results, it was found that the asphalt binder type significantly influenced the adhesion bond. To evaluate the performance of WMA mixtures in the field, test sections were constructed in Iowa, Minnesota and Ohio. The test sections were successfully constructed with less compaction effort than HMA and met the required field densities per each DOT's specification. All HMA and WMA mixtures collected from the test sections passed the HWT and the modified Lottman tests, which indicates high resistance to rutting and moisture damage. The asphalt binders were then extracted and recovered from the field samples then re-graded following AASHTO M320 and AASHTO MP19-10. The recovered asphalt binder grades were found to be higher than the target grades due to the existence of RAP materials in the mixtures except for asphalt binders extracted from WMA mixtures produced using "RAPCAP" additive.

Harbor developments have been realized in several European cities over the last years, becoming an important topic in the field of urban and regional planning. Despite their presence in innumerous sites with unlike contexts and backgrounds, those developments look pretty similar in terms of design and form. Are we witnessing the born of a generic and similar city? The aim of this paper is to investigate how similar are these areas and their positive or negatives effects upon the existing cities. Through a review on the main urban theories of the twentieth century it is possible to identify what are the contemporaneous trends in urban planning and how they have been employed in harbor developments. Four case studies were selected to illustrate these similarities, two almost completed: Dublin Docklands and Hamburg HafenCity, and two newly ones: Stockholm Norra Djurgårdsstaden and Copenhagen Nordhavnen. The findings indicated the case-studies share several similarities in terms of discourse, implementation strategy, sustainability, publicity and as well social and income inequalities. Contemporaneous urban discourse preaches for diversity which it is still far to be reached by the case-studies

Einleitend zur Archivierung in MONARCH entstand ein Text zur bibliothekarischen Veranstaltung in Hamburg, Juli 2008. Wichtig für die Bibliothekare in der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation ist: Ihr gemeinsames Thema ist die Inhaltserschliessung; dabei soll der Rote Faden immer dorthin laufen, wo Neues oder Trends zu entdecken sind.