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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Susceptibilidade de hamsters frente à infecção pelo herpesvirus equino tipo 1 causando encefalite e doença respiratória / Susceptibility of hamsters to equine herpesvirus type 1 infection causing encephalitis and respiratory disease

Andressa Ferrari Arévalo 28 July 2015 (has links)
Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as alterações respiratórias e neurológicas resultantes da infecção por via intranasal das diferentes estirpes nacionais do herpesvírus equino tipo 1 (EHV-1) em hamsters comparando sua susceptibilidade com estudos sobre infecção do EHV-1 em camundongos e equinos. Para isso, hamsters sírios machos, três semanas de idade, foram infectados por via intranasal com as estirpes do EHV-1 obtidas a partir de fetos abortados e potro neonato infectados (A4/72, A9/92, A3/97 e Iso/72). Os animais foram pesados e examinados diariamente em busca de sinais clínicos e neurológicos. Conforme os sintomas neurológicos apareceram, grupos de cinco hamsters foram eutanasiados por overdose de isoflurano na primeira etapa do projeto, e, de cetamina/xilazina por via intraperitoneal na segunda etapa. Na necropsia, sistema nervoso central (SNC), pulmão, fígado, baço e timo foram coletados para isolamento viral em cultura de células E-dermal e para análise histopatológica. Na segunda etapa do projeto, a lavagem broncoalveolar (LBA) com 3 ml de PBS por hamsters foi realizada para determinar a resposta inflamatória pulmonar através da contagem total e diferencial de leucócitos. Similar aos experimentos com camundongos, hamsters desafiados com as estirpes virais A4/72 e A9/92 apresentaram manifestações clínicas severas no terceiro dia pós-inoculação (dpi), tais como perda de peso aguda, dispnéia, desidratação, decúbito e morte. Observou-se também sinais neurológicos como hiperexcitabilidade, paralisia, espasmos, perda de propriocepção, andar em círculos e convulsões. Ao contrário dos camundongos, que não desenvolveram a doença; hamsters inoculados com as estirpes virais A3/97 e Iso/72 manifestaram sintomas respiratórios e neurológicos agudos entre quarto e quinto dpi, sendo as alterações respiratórias as mais evidentes, principalmente hemoptise e conjuntivite. O isolamento do vírus a partir do SNC foi positivo em todos os animais infectados; no entanto, todas as amostras de pulmões foram positivas apenas nos grupos infectado pelas estirpes virais A9/92 e A4/72. Todas as estirpes do EHV-1 foram isoladas a partir do baço, no entanto, a partir do timo foram isoladas apenas as estirpes A9/92 e A4/72, e, de fígado somente a estirpe viral Iso/72 não foi isolada. No LBA, a contagem total de leucócitos não demonstrou diferenças de valores significativas entre os grupos experimentais, sendo apenas evidente a presença de eritrócitos, macrófagos e neutrófilos na maioria dos esfregaços dos hamsters infectados. Porém, na contagem diferencial de leucócitos observou-se um aumento significativo de neutrófilo com consequente diminuição significativa de macrófagos nos hamsters infectados pelas estirpes virais A3/97, Iso/72 e A4/72 quando comparados ao grupo controle. Os hamsters infectados pela estirpe viral A9/92 mantiveram valores próximos aos do grupo controle. Ao avaliar microscopicamente o SNC, fígado e pulmão dos hamsters infectados foi observado infiltrado inflamatório, necrose e manguito perivascular em SNC; leucocitose e necrose no parênquima hepático com discreta pericolangite e proliferação de ducto biliar; e em pulmão observou inflamação, necrose, edema e hemorragia em bronquíolos e alvéolos. Concluindo, os resultados apontaram o hamster como a espécie mais susceptível à infecção pelo EHV-1 servindo como um modelo experimental complementar para estudos de doenças respiratória e neurológica provocadas por este agente em equinos / This study aimed to evaluate the respiratory and neurological disorders resulting from intranasal infection with different national strains of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) in hamsters comparing their susceptibility to studies about EHV-1 infection in mice and horses. Therefore, male Syrian hamsters, three weeks of age, were infected via intransal with EHV-1 strains obtained from aborted fetuses and neonatal foal infected (A4/72, A9/92, A3/97 and Iso/72). The animals were weighed and examined daily for clinical search and neurological signs. As neurological symptoms appeared five hamsters groups were euthanized by isoflurane overdose in the first stage of the project, and ketamine/xylazine via intraperitoneal in the second stage. At necropsy, central nervous system (CNS), lung, liver, spleen and thymus were collected for virus isolation in E-dermal cell culture and histopathological analysis. In the second stage of the project, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with 3 ml of PBS per hamsters was performed to determine the pulmonary inflammatory response through the total and differential leukocyte count. Similar to the experiments with mice, hamsters challenged with viral strains A4/72 and A9/92 had severe clinical manifestations in the third day post-inoculation (dpi), such as acute weight loss, dyspnea, dehydration, recumbency, and death. It was also observed neurological signs such as hyperexcitability, paralysis, spasms, loss of proprioception, circling and convulsions. Unlike mice, which did not develop disease; hamsters inoculated with viral strains A3/97 and Iso/72 showed acute respiratory and neurological symptoms between fourth and fifth dpi, and the most evident respiratory distress was hemoptysis and conjunctivitis. The virus isolation from CNS was positive in all infected animals; however, all lung samples were positive only in groups infected by A9/92 and A4/72 viral strains. All EHV-1 strains were recovered from spleen, however, only A9/92 and A4/72 viral strains were recovered from thymus, but only Iso/72 viral strain was not recovered from liver. BAL total leukocyte count showed no significant differences in values between the experimental groups but the presence of erythrocytes, macrophages and neutrophils were evident in most smears of infected hamsters. However, in the leukocyte differential count it was observed a significant increase in neutrophils with consequent significant reduction of macrophages in hamsters infected by viral strains A3/97, Iso/72 and A9/92 when compared with the control group. Hamsters infected with the A9/92 viral strain maintained values similar to the control group. When evaluating microscopically the CNS, liver and lungs of infected hamsters it was observed inflammatory infiltrate, necrosis and perivascular cuff in CNS; leukocytosis and necrosis in the liver parenchyma with discrete pericholangitis and bile duct proliferation; and inflammation, necrosis, edema and hemorrhage in the bronchioles and alveoli. Concluding, the results showed the hamster as the most susceptible species to EHV-1 infection serving as a complementary experimental model for studies of respiratory and neurological diseases caused by this agent in horses
92

Produção e purificação da glicocerebrosidase humana recombinante expressa por célula CHO em meio livre de soro fetal bovino / Production and purification of recombinant human glucocerebrosidase expressed by CHO cells in serum free medium

Bruna Cristine Fernandes Cassundé 02 February 2017 (has links)
A produção de proteínas recombinantes, principalmente para uso farmacêutico, tem sido intensamente estudada, juntamente com suas propriedades físico-químicas, o que possibilita uma melhor escolha da técnica de purificação, e assim, evitar perdas no rendimento e custos elevados. A glicocerebrosidase (GCR) é uma enzima lisossomal, e sua deficiência ocasiona um distúrbio autossômico recessivo denominado doença de Gaucher. Atualmente o tratamento para essa patologia é por meio da Terapia de Reposição Enzimática (TRE), a qual tem sido realizada com grande êxito. Tendo em vista fornecer dados que possam auxiliar na redução do número de etapas cromatográficas no processo de downstream, este trabalho teve como objetivo, a purificação da GCR expressa por células de Ovário de Hamster Chinês (CHO), em meio livre de soro fetal bovino (SFB). Para se alcançar tais resultados, realizou-se o cultivo das células CHO-GCR em meio quimicamente definido livre de SFB (CHO-S-SFM II). Foram realizadas três técnicas cromatográficas (troca iônica, interação hidrofóbica e afinidade), com base em suas propriedades físico-químicas. E para o ensaio da atividade enzimática, foi utilizado o substrato fluorogênico 4-Methylumbeliferyl β-D-glucopyranoside (4MU-G). As células CHO-GCR cultivadas em meio CHO-S-SFM II, apresentando viabilidade maior que 95%, e produção da GCR ativa, durante todo o período de cultivo. Os protocolos aplicados para a purificação da GCR, não apresentaram resultados significativos. Com o volume não retido após cromatografia por interação hidrofóbica, se estimou os valores de KM 2,13 e VMAX 0,0295 UFR/h para as constantes cinéticas da GCR. A diálise no processo de purificação mostrou ser uma etapa necessária para a atividade enzimática da GCR. No cultivo das células CHO-GCR para a formação do banco de trabalho, nos meios RPMI 1640 e α-MEM, ambos com a adição de 10% SFB, não houve diferença significativa no crescimento entre eles, e apresentaram 100% de viabilidade durante todo o período de cultivo. Porém, ao analisar de forma isolada a fase exponencial de cada curva, notou-se que às células cultivadas no meio RPMI 1640, apresentaram taxa de crescimento superior, às cultivadas em meio α-MEM. Concluiu-se que a expressão da GCR em meio livre de SFB, proporciona amostras menos complexas, em relação aos meios de cultura que necessitam de suplementação com SFB, o que pode reduzir o número de etapas cromatográficas, melhorando o rendimento e a redução da perda da atividade da GCR. O meio basal RPMI 1640 com a adição de SFB foi uma alternativa satisfatória para o cultivo das células CHO-GCR. Este estudo forneceu dados que podem contribuir para a melhoria do processo de purificação da GCR. Novas pesquisas podem ser desenvolvidas a fim de melhorar o processo de purificação da GCR. / The production of recombinant proteins, mainly for pharmaceutical use, has been intensively studied along with its physico-chemical properties, which allows a better choice of the purification technique, and thus avoid losses in yield and high costs. Glucocerebrosidase (GCR) is a lysosomal enzyme, and its deficiency causes an autosomal recessive disorder called Gaucher\'s disease. Currently the treatment for this pathology is through Enzymatic Replacement Therapy (ERT), which has been successfully performed. In order to provide data that may help reducing the number of chromatographic steps in the downstream process, this work aimed to purify GCR expressed by Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells in fetal bovine serum free (FBS). To achieve such results, the CHO-GCR cells were cultured in chemically defined Serum-free medium (CHO-S-SFM II). Three chromatographic techniques (ion exchange, hydrophobic interaction and affinity) were performed, based on their physicochemical properties. And for the enzymatic activity assay, the fluorogenic substrate 4-Methylumbeliferyl β-D-glucopyranoside (4MU-G) was used. CHO-GCR cells cultured in CHO-S-SFM II medium, presenting viability greater than 95% and GCR production active, throughout the culture period. The protocols applied for GCR purification did not present significant results. With the volume not retained after chromatography by hydrophobic interaction, KM values of 2.13 and VMAX 0.0295 UFR/h were estimated for GCR kinetic constants. Dialysis in the purification process was shown to be a step necessary for the enzymatic activity of GCR. In the culture of the CHO-GCR cells for the formation of the working bank, in the media RPMI 1640 and α-MEM, both with the addition of 10% FBS, there was no significant growth difference between them, and they showed 100% viability during all the growing period. However, when analyzing in isolation, the exponential phase of each curve, it was observed that the cells grown in RPMI 1640 medium showed higher growth rates, tham grown in α-MEM medium. It was concluded that the expression of GCR in serum-free medium provides less complex samples, relative to the culture media requiring FBS supplementation, which may reduce the number of chromatographic steps, improving yield and loss reduction of GCR activity. The basal medium RPMI 1640 with the addition of FBS was a satisfactory alternative for culturing the CHO-GCR cells. This study provided data that may contribute to the improvement of the GCR purification process. New research can be developed to improve the GCR purification process.
93

Caracterização da estrutura oligossacarídica de prolactina glicosilada humana (G-hPRL) nativa e recombinante / Characterization of the oligosaccharide structure of human glycosylated prolactin (G-hPRL) native and recombinant

Marcos Vinicius Nucci Capone 26 April 2013 (has links)
A prolactina humana (hPRL) é um hormônio polipeptídico secretado pela hipófise anterior sob regulação do hipotálamo, envolvido em uma variedade de processos biológicos como o desenvolvimento da glândula mamária e lactação. O produto recombinante é importante no diagnóstico médico e no tratamento de insuficiência da lactação. Este hormônio pode ocorrer sob a forma de proteína não glicosilada (NG-hPRL) e glicosilada (G-hPRL), com pesos moleculares de aproximadamente 23 e 25 kilodalton (kDa), respectivamente; possui um único sítio de N-glicosilação localizado na asparagina (Asn) posição 31, que é parcialmente ocupado, representando assim um modelo particularmente interessante de glicosilação. A atividade biológica da G-hPRL é muito menor comparada à NG-hPRL (~4 vezes) e sua função fisiológica ainda não é bem definida: a porção de carboidrato parece ter um importante papel na biossíntese, secreção, atividade biológica, e sobrevivência plasmática do hormônio. O objetivo principal desse trabalho foi comparar as estruturas dos N-glicanos presentes na prolactina glicosilada hipofisária (G-hPRL-NHPP) com a recombinante. Para obter a G-hPRL recombinante foi realizada uma produção em escala laboratorial a partir de células de ovário de hamster chinês (CHO) geneticamente modificadas e adaptadas ao crescimento em suspensão. Foi adicionada, ao meio de cultura cicloheximida (CHX), cujo efeito principal foi aumentar a relação G-hPRL/NGhPRL que passou de 5% para 38%, facilitando assim a purificação da G-hPRL. A G-hPRL foi purificada em duas etapas, uma troca catiônica seguida de purificação por cromatografia liquida de alta eficiência de fase reversa (RP-HPLC) que se demonstrou eficiente na separação das duas isoformas de hPRL. A G-hPRL recombinante IPEN foi assim analisada por diversas técnicas confirmando a sua pureza e atividade biológica, incluindo comparações com outras amostras de referências de origem hipofisária adquirida junto ao National Hormone & Peptide Program (NHPP-E.U.A.) . Foi realizada também a determinação inédita de Nglicanos presentes na G-hPRL produzida por células CHO e na G-hPRL nativa, produzida pela hipófise humana, possibilitando comparar as duas estruturas de carboidratos e alcançando assim uma das principais metas desse projeto. Entre as principais diferenças encontradas nas estruturas dos dois N-glicanos, destacam-se a baixa quantidade de ácido siálico (NeuAc), a alta porcentagem de glicanos sulfatos (74,0%) e com fucose (Fuc) (93,3%) presentes na amostra hipofisária e a tendência da preparação recombinante de apresentar glicanos com maior peso molecular e com uma menor variação nas isoformas. / Human prolactin (hPRL) is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary under the regulation of the hypothalamus, involved in a variety of biological processes such as mammary gland development and lactation. The recombinant product is important in medical diagnosis and treatment of failure of lactation. This hormone may occur in the form of non-glycosylated protein (NGhPRL) and glycosylated (G-hPRL) with molecular weights of approximately 23 and 25 kilodalton (kDa), respectively; has a single N-glycosylation site located at asparagine (Asn) position 31, which is partially occupied, thus being a particularly interesting model of glycosylation. The biological activity of G-hPRL is lower compared to NG-hPRL (~4 times) and its physiological function is not well defined: the portion of carbohydrate appears to have an important role in the hormone biosynthesis, secretion, biological activity, and plasma survival of the hormone. The main objective of this study was to compare the structures of N-glycans present in glycosylated pituitary prolactin (G-hPRL-NHPP) with those present in the recombinant. To obtain the recombinant G-hPRL the production was performed in laboratory scale from Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO), genetically modified and adapted to growth in suspension. Cycloheximide (CHX), whose main effect was to increase the ratio G-hPRL/NG-hPRL from 5% to 38% was added to the culture medium, thereby facilitating the purification of G-hPRL. The G-hPRL was purified in two steps, a cation exchanger followed by a purification by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) which demonstrated the efficient separation of the two isoforms of hPRL. Recombinant G-hPRL-IPEN was well characterized by several techniques confirming its purity and biological activity, including comparisons with other reference preparation of pituitary origin purchased from the \"National Hormone & Peptide Program (NHPPU. S.)\". The composition of N-glycans present in the G-hPRL, produced by CHO cells, and that of native G-hPRL, produced by the human pituitary gland, were also determined for the first time, allowing the two structures of carbohydrates to be compared and thus, achieving one of the main goals of this project. Among the main differences in N-glycan structures, we highlight the low presence of sialic acid (NeuAc) and the high percentage of sulfated glycans (74.0%) and of fucose (Fuc) (93.3%) in the pituitary sample and the tendency of the recombinant preparation to present glycans with higher molecular weight and less isoforms variation.
94

Análise histopatológica e ultra-estrutural de órgão de hamster golden (Mesocricetus auratus) infectados com isolados de Leishmania do complexo Braziliensis

Romão, Raquel Peralva Ribeiro 31 January 2008 (has links)
Leishmaniasis are zoonosis with different clinical manifestations according to the Leishmania species involved and the host immune response. Leishmania braziliensis complex is responsible for the majority of human Tegumentary Leishmaniasis cases in Brazil and it is endemic in the Triângulo Mineiro region. Our aim was to compare the pathogeny of two different isolates of Leishmania braziliensis complex, obtained from cutaneous lesions of patients from Triângulo Mineiro region, with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis reference strain (MHOM/BR/75/M2903). Comparision was done by histopathological and ultrastructural analisys of organs of experimentally infected Hamster golden (Mesocricetus auratus). For that, 106 stationary promastigotes of the two isolates and the reference strain were subcutaneously innoculated in the hind forepaw of Hamster that were killed after 15, 30, 60 e 120 days post infection and then were collected fragments of the skin, popliteal lymph node, liver, spleen and bone marrow. The organs were processed for histopathological and ultrastructural analysis. The results showed differents pathogeny between both isolates and the reference strain, characterized for differences in prepatent period of the macroscopy lesions, in the outcome of the histophatological lesions, in the parasitism and in the capacity to produce metastatic lesions in the lymph node, liver and spleen. / As leishmanioses são zoonoses que produzem diferentes manifestações clínicas dependendo da espécie de Leishmania envolvida e da resposta imune do hospedeiro. O complexo Leishmania braziliensis é responsável pela maioria dos casos da leishmaniose tegumentar humana no Brasil e é endêmica na região do Triângulo Mineiro. Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a patogenia de dois diferentes isolados do complexo Leishmania braziliensis, provenientes de lesões cutâneas de pacientes da região do Triângulo Mineiro (MG), com a cepa de referência Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis MHOM/BR/75/M2903, através de análise histopatológica e ultra-estrutural de órgãos de Hamster golden (Mesocricetus auratus) infectados experimentalmente. Para isto, 106 promastigotas na fase estacionária de desenvolvimento de cada isolado e da cepa de referência foram inoculadas em coxim plantar de Hamsters, os quais, após períodos de 15, 30, 60 e 120 dias de infecção, foram sacrificados e destes retirados fragmentos de pele, linfonodo poplíteo, fígado, baço e medula óssea. Os órgãos foram processados para avaliação histopatológica e ultra-estrutural. Os resultados obtidos dessas análises revelaram diferentes patogenias entre os dois isolados e a cepa de referência, caracterizadas por diferenças no período de prepatência das lesões macroscópicas, no aparecimento das lesões histopatológicas, no parasitismo e na capacidade de produzir lesões metastáticas no linfonodo, fígado e baço. / Mestre em Ciências da Veterinárias
95

Le RFRP-3 et l’axe gonadotrope du hamster syrien : effets genre-dépendants et modes d’action / The effect of RFRP-3 on the gonadotrophic axis of the Syrian hamster : sex-dependent differences and modes of action

Ancel, Caroline 15 May 2013 (has links)
Le peptide RFRP-3 joue un rôle dans la régulation de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-gonadotrope des mammifères. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer l’implication du RFRP-3 dans la régulation de l’axe reproducteur du hamster Syrien. Nos résultats montrent que le RFRP-3 stimule l’axe gonadotrope chez le hamster Syrien mâle, tandis qu’il a des effets variables chez la femelle. En effet, chez la femelle le peptide inhibe l’axe reproducteur lorsqu’il est administré au moment du pic pré-ovulatoire de LH le jour du proestrus, et n’a pas d’effet pendant le diestrus. Nous avons poursuivi notre étude par la caractérisation des sites d’action du RFRP-3 chez le hamster Syrien, en démontrant que l’effet du peptide sur l’axe gonadotrope est médié directement ou indirectement par les neurones à GnRH. De plus, nous avons écarté l’hypothèse d’un effet hypophysiotrope du peptide chez cette espèce. Pour conclure, les résultats présentés soulèvent de nombreuses questions quant aux effets espèce- et genre-dépendants du RFRP-3 sur l’axe gonadotrope du mammifère. / RFRP-3 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of the mammalian hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The aim of this work was to determine the involvement of RFRP-3 in the regulation of the Syrian hamster reproductive axis. We report unprecedented results indicating that RFRP-3 stimulates the male Syrian hamster gonadotrophic axis, whereas it has variable effects in female Syrian hamsters. Indeed, in females the peptide inhibits the reproductive axis at the time of the LH surge on the day of proestrus, and has no effect during diestrus. We went on to characterize RFRP-3 sites of action in the Syrian hamster brain, and show that the effect of the peptide on the gonadotrophic axis is mediated directly or indirectly via GnRH neurons. Moreover, we clearly rule out the possibility of a hypophysiotrophic effect of RFRP-3 in this species. Taken together, the present data raise interesting questions regarding species- and sex-dependent effects of RFRP-3 on the mammalian gonadotrophic axis.
96

Pathophysiologische und therapeutische Bedeutung der a1- und a2-Untereinheiten des GABAA-Rezeptors für Dystonien: Untersuchungen im dtsz Hamstermodell

Spröte, Christine Karin 22 June 2017 (has links)
Pathophysiologische und therapeutische Bedeutung der a1- und a2-Untereinheiten des GABAA-Rezeptors für Dystonien: Untersuchungen im dtsz Hamstermodell
97

Acide rumenique : presence dans le beurre et influence des procedes de fabrication ; incidence sur l'atherosclerose experimentale chez le hamster.

Ledoux, Martial 07 December 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Les acides linoléiques conjugués (ALC) sont des isomères positionnels et géométriques de l'acide linoléique 18:2 9c,12c, représentés par deux isomères principaux : l'acide ruménique ou 9c,11t, et l'isomère 10t,12c. L'acide ruménique est naturellement retrouvé dans les produits laitiers ; mais les tables de composition des aliments souffrent actuellement d'un manque de données concernant cet acide gras particulier. Les ALC, et notamment l'acide ruménique, semblent présenter des propriétés biologiques intéressantes pour la santé humaine, notamment lors de l'athérogenèse. Cependant, ces études utilisent des mélanges d'ALC. Le rôle respectif de chaque isomère est encore mal connu. Le premier volet de notre travail constituait déterminer les teneurs en acide ruménique de matières grasses laitières de plusieurs régions de France, sur plusieurs saisons, et d'étudier les variations de ces teneurs lors du passage du lait, à la crème, puis au beurre. Nos résultats montrent que les taux d'acide ruménique dans la matière grasse laitière varie avec la région et la saison étudiées. Ces différences pourraient être principalement imputables aux teneurs en acides gras poly-insaturés, et notamment en acide linoléique, de l'alimentation des bovins. Aucune variation n'est remarquée lors de la fabrication du beurre ; l'écrémage du lait, la maturation de la crème et le barattage ne semblent pas modifier les taux d'acide ruménique de la matière grasse laitière. Le deuxième volet de notre étude avait pour but de différencier le rôle de chacun des deux principaux isomères, et de focaliser sur les propriétés propres de l'acide ruménique, chez le hamster nourri avec un régime athérogène. Il ressort de nos travaux que l'acide ruménique exercerait un effet bénéfique supérieur à celui de l'isomère 10t,12c, sur une souche de hamster lors d'athérogenèse très précoce. Cependant cet effet bénéfique ne se fait plus sentir chez une autre espèce plus sensible à cette maladie, lors de stade plus avancé. En conclusion, l'exploration des propriétés biologiques de l'acide ruménique en regard de l'athérogenèse demande des travaux supplémentaires sur un modèle animal mieux adapté.
98

Les effets d'un traitement par l'hormone de croissance sur l'expression ventriculaire des peptides natriurétiques et des isoformes de myosine de chaînes lourdes chez le hamster cardiomyopathique

Mulumba, Mukandila January 2005 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
99

Étude de la sérotonine et d'effecteurs spermatiques comme stimuli dans la signalisation des complexes ovocyte-cumulus de souris

Amireault, Pascal January 2005 (has links)
Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
100

Investigation of temporal discounting in dwarf hamsters (Phodopus campbelli) and Sprague-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) in an operant choice task

Spieldenner, Jessica Maie Godin January 1900 (has links)
Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Psychology / Jerome Frieman / The present experiment investigated whether dwarf hamsters (Phodopus campbelli) demonstrate temporal discounting. This was investigated by comparing the behavior of dwarf hamsters and Sprague-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) in an adjusting delay procedure and applying the theory of behavioral economics to explain the resulting behavior. Dwarf hamsters demonstrated temporal discounting and tolerated longer delays than did the more impulsive rats. There was not a statistically significant difference between these species concerning indifference points. There was a statistically significant difference in the slopes of their discounting functions and the delay at which the end criterion was met. Neither species exhibited sex differences with respect to these measures nor with storage of food. There were a number of differences between the species. Rats started responding quickly, whereas dwarf hamsters waited significantly longer. When faced with increasing delays, rats increased the number of pellets earned while dwarf hamsters earned the same amount. Finally, rats lost weight throughout the experiment while dwarf hamsters gained weight. There were also a number of similarities. When faced with an increasing delay, both rats and dwarf hamsters increased the number of responses made, and increased the number of times they timed out on Larger Later trials. Some of these findings disagree with previous research and predictions of the behavioral economic theory of demand, creating a need for further research.

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