On-Reserve housing might be the most contentious, complicated issue faced by First Nations people in Canada. First Nations have unique relationships with the Canadian Government and face historical and on-going challenges. One of these many challenges is the growing gap between adequate housing need and availability. First Nations people face higher rates of overcrowding, exposure to mould, and living in poorly constructed or maintained homes. Housing has been studied from many angles by government and academics alike, from policy and planning to homelessness and health, but very few studies clearly quantifies the quality of On-Reserve housing. Most of the numbers used in studies, in both the grey literature and open research, draw from statistical information or self-reporting surveys. This information is helpful in a broad analysis but it lacks details that could be used for setting concrete strategic priorities and policies for building new housing and/or renovating existing stock. The objective of this research is to identify the differences between First Nation homes and non-First Nation homes in British Columbia (BC) using housing information provided by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). This data is available from the submission of home energy assessment data. Non-invasive procedures and professional experience is used to estimate many of the parameters used in these assessments. A home's air changes per hour at a pressure of 50 kPa, ACH50, was chosen as the value for home quality through this research. ACH50 is the only consistently measured parameter during home energy assessments. The information from NRCan represents 693 homes owned by First Nations between climate zones 4 and 7A and 127,295 homes owned by non-First Nations between climate zones 4 and 7B. The results of this research show that most First Nation homes were situated in climate zone 5, while most non-First Nation homes were in climate zone 4. Assuming that all the First Nation housing data is on reserve, a methodology was created to allocate the home data to individual First Nation communities in BC. This allowed 515 homes to be isolated into 25 First Nation communities, where other factors were compared to the data. Examining the aggregate data, First Nation homes faired better than non-First Nation homes in terms of ACH50 and ceiling insulation levels, but the analysis is more nuanced than the data presents. The number of homes that were isolated by First Nation community as well as the history and current situation of On-Reserve housing must be considered in the analysis. Socioeconomic factors (i.e. unemployment rates, average total income, and annual band revenues) did not seem to significantly impact the quality of homes on reserve, but the remoteness of a community did have a negative impact on the quality of a home. This research is useful in identifying some key aspects of First Nation and non-First Nation housing in BC but the analysis recognizes a gap in the data which requires a more critical and holistic evaluation to identify how this information relates to the current housing situation First Nations people continue to face. / Graduate

No description available.

The effects of sex and tutorial instructions were studied as they influence the hour concept development of the pre-school child. The research was conducted at Utah State University Child Development Laboratories with twenty-two, three to five-year-old children enrolled at the time. Each child received three training sessions with the author. It was found that the twenty-two children who had received individualized instruction on the hour concept showed a significant concept of a clock when the large hand was always constant on the numeral twelve. The findings indicate that there was no significant difference between boys and girls on their ability to retain the hour concept from post-test 1 to post-test 2. No significant difference was found in the learning ability between boys and girls in this study.

It has always been for me a personal source of regret that so much dramatic art is wasted, so to speak, on the unknowing times . The performances of many actors and actresses have often been of greater creative value and artistic invention than the efforts of the playwrights themselves. Yet the annals of history preserve, for all time, the written word, while the sound and emotion of great acting is lost with its moment. Only the scant impressions of the casual playgoer survive to bring back a faded view of what glory the stage must have known when great talents graced its boards.

No description available.

As the focus on computer science in K-12 classrooms grows, the 'Hour of Code' program has also grown. As Hour of Code is one of the largest educational campaigns, it is worth evaluation to ensure effects are well understood so that implementation can be made most effective. This research sought to better understand the impact of Hour of Code. This thesis presents findings from a systematic review and from a quasi-experimental study. A large number of research articles have been published on Hour of Code. Systematic review identified 64 papers including reports from experiments testing the efficacy of Hour of Code, analysis of learner behavior, reports of participation and suggestions for facilitating. Analysis of these articles provided detail into the known impact of Hour of Code and available resources. However, many questions remain and are outlined in the review. One such remaining question includes questions about the impact specifically on K-12 students. The quasi-experimental study reports findings from computer science education research with over 1000 7th-grade students who engaged in HOC activities. Students' interest and perceptions of CS were collected before and after completing HOC activities. Statistical analysis provided mixed results with some positive and some negative shifts but overall limited effect size.

Obesity research remains a high priority worldwide, given the sustained high levels of obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) and class III obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m2) across many demographic groups. One component of obesity research is the study of how diet can contribute to obesity, and thus it is crucial to evaluate how existing dietary assessment methods perform for people with obesity, and to develop or refine methods to enhance their accuracy. Researchers should be prepared to include more individuals with obesity and class III obesity, a growing demographic, in studies that assess dietary intake. With the inclusion of these groups, it is vital to consider the potential impact of weight bias and weight stigma on dietary research. Weight bias is negative attitudes and stereotypes about people with obesity, while weight stigma is how these attitudes collectively devalue people with obesity, which could result in acts of discrimination. This dissertation: 1) defined the issues of weight bias and weight stigma, and how they affect dietetics practice, including research, 2) determined the representation of participants with class III obesity in studies validating self-reported measures of dietary assessment using doubly-labeled water, and 3) explored how weight bias and weight stigma might impact misreporting of energy intake among people with overweight and obesity. Findings include that: 1) weight bias and weight stigma are important issues when working with people with obesity, and dietetics professionals can address these in many areas of practice; 2) in studies validating self-reported dietary assessment methods using doubly-labeled water, people with class III obesity are underrepresented, and thus the validity of existing methods to assess diet among people with class III obesity requires further research; 3) in a sample of participants with self-reported overweight and obesity, previous experiences of weight stigma were common, though internalized weight bias, weight bias toward others, and experiences of weight stigma were not predictive of the validity of energy intake reporting. Researchers should consider the potential impact of weight stigma on recruitment, retention, and participant experience when working with participants with obesity. / Doctor of Philosophy / One part of obesity research is the study of how food intake can contribute to obesity. It is crucial to evaluate how well existing methods perform that measure what and how much people eat, especially in people with obesity. As obesity levels rise, researchers should be prepared to include more people with obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) and class III obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m2) in studies that measure dietary intake. When including people with obesity in studies, it is important to consider the potential impact of weight bias and weight stigma on nutrition research. Weight bias is the idea of negative attitudes and stereotypes about people with obesity, while weight stigma is how these attitudes collectively devalue people with obesity. This dissertation 1) defined the issues of weight bias and weight stigma, and how they affect dietetics practice, including nutrition research, 2) determined the representation of people with class III obesity in studies testing the accuracy of methods collecting information about food intake and 3) explored how weight bias and weight stigma might affect how accurately people with overweight and obesity report the number of calories that they eat. This work found: 1) weight bias and weight stigma are important emerging issues when working with people with obesity, and dietetics professionals can address weight bias and weight stigma in many areas of practice; 2) in studies testing the accuracy of measures that collect food information, people with class III obesity are underrepresented, and more research is needed to determine how accurate these measures are in this group; and 3) in a group of people with overweight and obesity, previous experiences of weight stigma were common, though internalized weight bias, weight bias toward others, and experiences of weight stigma did not predict how well a person reported their calorie intake. Future studies should include more people with class III obesity. Researchers should consider how weight stigma might affect a person's willingness to participate in nutrition studies. Minimizing weight stigma in research may decrease participation barriers for people with obesity in research about nutrition, weight, and health.

Fighting bankruptcy, the owner of the last traveling circus train in America must improve the act and generate ticket sales or it's curtains for him and his eclectic cast and crew.

With the rise of the millennial generation, a new roster of cities has sprung to life – the 18-hour cities. They can be defined as a vibrant second-tier city where there’s a big potential for employment and economic growth and at the same time they offer a lower cost of living and doing business than in 24-hour gateway cities like New York City or San Francisco. They have been named the hottest places for real estate investments by industry literature which poses the question if 18-hour cities really offer better investments than 24-hour cities. This paper uses a statistical analysis framework complemented with qualitative interviews of industry professionals based in 18-hour markets to test this notion. From the statistical analysis, it has been found that 18-hour cities offer higher yields than the 24-hour markets but the cash return cannot be said do differ between the two. Furthermore, the interviews with industry professionals indicate that the 18-hour markets have major future growth prospects because of their job growth, population growth and the large in-migration of high-skilled labor gravitating towards these amenity-rich areas where they can receive the highest reward-for-skill / Med millenniegenerationens framfart har en ny rad städer vaknat till liv – 18-timmarsstäderna. De kan definieras som en levande andrastad där det finns stor potential för arbete och ekonomisk tillväxt samtidigt som de erbjuder lägre levnadskostnad och kostnad för att driva företag än 24-timmarsstäder som New York eller San Francisco. De har utsetts till de hetaste marknaderna för fastighetsinvesteringar av tidsskrifter vilket väcker frågan om 18-timmarsstäder verkligen erbjuder bättre investeringsmöjligheter än 24-timmarsstäder. Denna studie använder statistisk analys kompletterat med intervjuer av personer verksamma i fastighetsbranschen för att testa den hypotesen. Från den statistiska analysen fanns det att 18-timmarsstäder erbjuder högre direktavkastning än 24-timmarsstäder men avkastningen på kapital kan inte säga skiljas mellan de två klustren. Vidare indikerade intervjuerna med branschfolk att 18-timmarsstäder har stor framtida tillväxtpotential tack vare stark jobbtillväxt, befolkningsökning och stor inflyttning av högutbildad arbetskraft som drar sig till områden med mycket bekvämligheter och där de kan få bäst belöning för sin utbildningsnivå.

Este estudo é dedicado à análise da redução da jornada de trabalho no Brasil. O trabalho inicia-se por uma narrativa histórica da evolução da jornada de trabalho no mundo e no Brasil. Em seguida, apresenta-se a divergência doutrinária sobre os termos: duração do trabalho, jornada de trabalho e horário de trabalho. São, então, observadas as jornadas especiais de certas categorias profissionais que, por força de circunstâncias particulares da profissão, assumem jornadas de trabalho diferenciadas. Posteriormente, estuda-se a Organização Internacional do Trabalho, suas convenções quanto a jornada de trabalho, bem como a Recomendação 116, sobre a possibilidade da redução progressiva da jornada de trabalho. Por fim, aborda-se a experiência francesa, que diz respeito à redução da jornada de trabalho para 35 horas. Chega-se à conclusão da dissertação, com os argumentos finais e o posicionamento de que a redução da jornada de trabalho, ainda que seja medida essencial para proteção da saúde do trabalhador, não gera emprego e não reduz o desemprego, porém suscita a intensificação do trabalho. / This study is dedicated to the analysis of the working hours reduction in Brazil. The dissertation begins with a historical narrative of the evolution of the working hours in the world and Brazil; with an emphasis on the doctrinal disagreement over the terms: hours of work, working hours and work schedule. Then, it analyzes the working hours for certain professional categories under particular circumstances. Moreover, it studies the International Labour Organization; the conventions and Recommendation 116 about the possibility of progressive working hours reduction. Subsequently, it analyzes the French experience highlighting on the working hours reduction to 35 hours. The dissertation is concluded with the exposition of the final arguments and the position that the working hours reduction does not reduce unemployment and does not increase employment, but cause work intensification. However, it is an essential measure to protect the worker health.