No description available.

Submitted by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-02-09T13:38:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Erika Goulart Rodrigues - 2014.pdf: 2108349 bytes, checksum: 05c7df95766f5d5af12041646500a0a0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-02-20T11:05:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Erika Goulart Rodrigues - 2014.pdf: 2108349 bytes, checksum: 05c7df95766f5d5af12041646500a0a0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T11:05:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Erika Goulart Rodrigues - 2014.pdf: 2108349 bytes, checksum: 05c7df95766f5d5af12041646500a0a0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-31 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / BACKGROUND: Dressing rooms attend colonized and infected chronic wounds carriers users and the environment may be contaminated by pathogens present in these lesions during the care. The literature shows the surfaces role corroborating the infection epidemiological chain and have identified low standards of environmental hygiene. This theme has been explored with emphasis on the medium and high complexity. However, it is noted that investments directed to the primary health care are rare. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of environmental surfaces and non-critical health products contamination for Staphylococcus spp. for the safety of dressing rooms workers and users in primary health care. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study of microbiological nature, conducted from July to November 2013 in dressing rooms references in the treatment of chronic wounds of primary health care in Goiás, Brazil. Approved by the Federal University of Goiás Research Ethics Committee (protocol 178/2012). It is began collecting direct observation of ambience processing. Then, have been done the interview, guided by semistructured instrument. The specimens collection from environmental surfaces and noncritical health products was performed using a sterile swab, rubbed on the research site and sent to the laboratory for processing. The microbiological procedures were performed according to standard methodologies. Was used SPSS 19.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows®) and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical procedures. RESULTS: 38 articles were analyzed, including 32 environmental surfaces and six noncritical health products. It was found at the microbiological testing seven (18.4%) environmental surfaces and products were contaminated by Staphylococcus spp. Eight bacteria were isolated, which of seven (87.5%) were identified as coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) and one (12.5%), as S. aureus. Staphylococcus spp. were resistant to penicillin G (87.5%) and CoNS, presented a constitutive resistance to macrolidelincosamide-streptogramin B group (MLSBc) (28.6%) and resistance to oxacillin (42.9%). All micro-organisms were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent. Of the three units investigated, the process of cleaning and disinfection was done by 91.7% of the 12 workers in the study. Nonetheless, was at unconformity with current guidelines. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate the presence of multidrugresistant pathogens in the ambience of the dressing rooms, which denotes failure in articles processing. These failures may be due to lack of supervision and/or the worker unpreparedness to perform the procedure. Also exposes workers and service users at risk for colonization and eventual infection by these bacterias. This situation benefits cross-contamination and spread of multiresistant microorganisms in primary health care. / INTRODUCCIÓN: Salas de curativo asisten a usuarios portadores de heridas crónicas colonizadas e infectadas y el ambiente puede contaminarse por agentes patógenos presentes en estas lesiones durante la asistencia. La literatura envidencia el papel de las superficies que corroboran la cadena epidemiológica de la infección y se han identificado bajos niveles de higiene ambiental. Este tema ha sido explorado con énfasis en media y alta complejidad. Sin embargo, se percibe que las embestidas dirigidas hacia la atención primaria de salud son escasas. OBJETIVO: Analizar el efecto de contaminación de superficies ambientales y productos de salud no críticos por Staphylococcus spp. para seguridad de trabajadores y usuarios de salas de curativo de la atención primaria de salud. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio transversal de naturaleza microbiológica, realizado entre julio y noviembre de 2013, en salas de curativo referencias en el tratamiento de heridas crónicas de la atención primaria de salud en Goiás, Brasil. Aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidad Federal de Goiás (protocolo 178/2012). Comenzó la obtención de datos por observación directa del procesamiento de ambiente. A continuación, se ha hecho la entrevista, guiada por instrumento semi-estructurado. La recolección de espécimen de superficies ambientales y productos para salud no críticos se realizó con una torunda estéril, frotado en el sitio de investigación y enviado al laboratorio para su procesamiento. Los procedimientos microbiológicos se realizaron de acuerdo con metodologías estandarizadas. Se utilizó el programa SPSS 19.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences para Windows®) y los datos se analizaron mediante procedimientos estadísticos descriptivos. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 38 artefactos, incluyendo 32 superficies ambientales y seis productos para salud no críticos. Se encontró, en las pruebas microbiológicas, siete (18,4%) de las superficies ambientales y de los productos estaban contaminados por Staphylococcus spp. Se aislaron ocho bacterias, de cuales siete (87,5%) fueron identificadas como Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo (CoNS) y uno (12,5%) como S. aureus. Staphylococcus spp. eran resistentes a penicilina G (87,5%) y los CoNS, presentarón resistencia constitutiva a el grupo macrólidos, lincosamidas, estreptogramina B (MLSBc) (28,6%) y resistencia a oxacilina (42,9%). De las tres unidades investigadas, el proceso de limpieza y desinfección se realizaba por 91,7% de los 12 trabajadores en el estudio. Sin embargo, estaba en desacuerdo con las directrices actuales. CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados demuestran la presencia de patógenos resistentes a múltiples fármacos en el ambiente de salas de curativo, que denota el fracaso en el procesamiento de los artefactos. Estas fallas pueden deberse a falta de supervisión y falta de preparación del trabajador para realizar el procedimiento. Además expone a los trabajadores y usuarios del servicio en situación de riesgo para la colonización y la infección posterior por estas bacterias. Esta situación promueve la contaminación cruzada y propagación de microorganismos multirresistentes en la atención primaria de salud. / INTRODUÇÃO: Salas de curativo atendem usuários portadores de feridas crônicas colonizadas e infectadas e a ambiência pode ser contaminada por patógenos presentes nessas lesões durante a assistência. A literatura evidencia o papel das superfícies corroborando a cadeia epidemiológica da infecção e tem identificado baixos padrões de higiene ambiental. Essa temática tem sido explorada com maior ênfase nos serviços de média e alta complexidade. Entretanto, percebe-se que os investimentos direcionados para a atenção primária à saúde são escassos. OBJETIVO: Analisar as repercussões da contaminação de superfícies ambientais e produtos para saúde não críticos por Staphylococcus spp. para a segurança de trabalhadores e usuários de salas de curativo da atenção primária à saúde. MÉTODOLOGIA: Estudo do tipo transversal de natureza microbiológica, realizado de julho a novembro de 2013 em salas de curativo referências em tratamento de feridas crônicas da atenção primária à saúde em Goiás, Brasil. Aprovado em Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Goiás (protocolo 178/2012). Iniciou-se a coleta com observação direta do processamento da ambiência. Em seguida, realizou-se a entrevista, norteada por formulário semiestruturado. A coleta dos espécimes de superfícies ambientais e de produtos para saúde não críticos foi realizada por meio swab estéril, friccionado sobre o sítio de investigação e enviado ao laboratório para processamento. Os procedimentos microbiológicos foram realizados conforme metodologias padronizadas. Utilizou-se o SPSS 19.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows®) e os dados foram analisados mediante procedimentos de estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 38 artefatos, sendo 32 superfícies ambientais e seis produtos para saúde não críticos. Verificou-se, à análise microbiológica, que sete (18,4%) das superfícies ambientais e dos produtos estavam contaminadas por Staphylococcus spp. Foram isoladas oito bactérias, das quais sete (87,5%) foram identificadas como Staphylococcus coagulase negativos (CoNS) e uma (12,5%), como S. aureus. Os Staphylococcus spp. apresentaram resistência à penicilina G (87,5%) e os CoNS, resistência constitutiva ao grupo macrolídeo, lincosamida, estreptogramina B (MLSBc) (28,6%) e à oxacilina (42,9%). Todos os micro-organismos apresentaram resistência a, pelo menos, um antimicrobiano. Das três unidades pesquisadas, o processo de limpeza e desinfecção era realizado por 91,7% dos 12 trabalhadores do estudo. No entanto, estava em desacordo com as diretrizes vigentes. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados demonstram presença de patógenos multirresistentes na ambiência das salas de curativo, o que denota falhas no processamento dos artefatos. Essas falhas podem ser decorrentes da falta de supervisão e/ou despreparo do trabalhador para executar o procedimento. Igualmente, expõe trabalhadores e usuários do serviço aos riscos de colonização e eventual infecção por essas bactérias. Essa situação beneficia a contaminação cruzada e disseminação de micro-organismos multirresistentes na atenção primária à saúde.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an important substance, which is mostly used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. This substance is commonly found in the human body. HA is one of the factors contributing to virulence of microorganisms. Some bacterial strains produce hyaluronic acid in the form of a mucoid capsule that encapsulates the cell to protect bacteria against the immune system of the host organism. One of the main producers is the bacterial strain Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Contipro a.s. uses the strain CO4A to produce hyaluronic acid in large scale. The production strain was obtained by random mutagenesis by UV light. The aim of the work was to study changes in the genome, which led to a significant increase in hyaluronic acid production, using DNA microarray and real-time PCR (qPCR). The genome of the strain CO4A was sequenced and compared to reference ATCC35246 [1]. The size of the genome is 2,167,251 bp and 83 relevant variants (59 SNV and 34 indels) have been identified. Variants in coding regions were annotated and amino acid sequence changes were determined. In SNV mutations there was a change in the amino acid sequence in 45 cases. The change was identified in every case of indel mutations. The expression level of selected groups of genes was monitored in both strains by the method of DNA microarrays. A cascade of increased expression level of amino sugar metabolism genes leading to the synthesis of UDP-N-acetyl glucosamine was observed in strain CO4A (the increase in expression level of these genes compared to ATCC35246 was on average 28 %). Subsequently, the expression of selected genes was verified by qPCR. There was no significant difference in the expression level of the has operon genes of both strains. The effect of supplementation of the culture medium with N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), which is one of the precursors of HA synthesis, was also studied by qPCR. A positive effect of the supplementation of the culture medium with external GlcNAc in the CO4A strain has been recorded. Also, the supplementation has positive effect on the yield of HA from the medium (increase in yield was on average by 17 %). GlcNAc has been shown to have a positive effect on the yield of HA in ATCC35246 strain as well (increase in yield was 9 % on average), but no significant changes in the expression levels were found in selected groups of genes in ATCC35246.

The diploma thesis deals with migration of SAP Business Warehouse system to the new in-memory technology SAP HANA. Theoretical basis defines basic terms, usage in-memory technology in Business Intelligence and migration options. In the practical part, the best option of migration and best practices for the company was designed.

Magister Scientiae (Medical Bioscience) - MSc(MBS) / Purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent and fatal diseases women all around the globe are challenged with today. In women, breast cancer has the highest mortality rate of all cancers and the incidence rate is on the increase. It is estimated that by the year 2025, 19.3 million women will become a victim of this grave health problem. This disease is a result of the formation of malignant tumours caused by genetic alterations that are involved in the proliferation of cells, cellular differentiation and the disturbance in homeostasis which subsequently leads to the abnormal multiplication and growth of cells. Breast cancer is considered a multifactorial disease with various risk factors such as age, radiation exposure, hormone therapy, oral contraceptives, dietary factors, environmental exposure and genetic predispositions. Breast cancers can be subdivided and classified based on their cellular surface receptors such as Estrogen Receptors, Progesterone Receptors and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2. Of the various subtypes, the triple-negative breast cancer subtype which is negative for all 3 surface receptors and presents as the most aggressive form of breast cancer with a poor prognosis. Between 10-20% of all breast cancer cases are classified as triple-negative breast cancer. Due to the hormonal status of triple-negative breast cancer, treatment options are limited and thus of great concern. Chemotherapy remains the most common treatment modality, but prognosis is poor with relapse within years ultimately leading to poor survival outcome. Due to this lack of effective treatment plans, an alternative treatment with minimal side effects and better survival remains an imperative area to explore. A wide scope of literature highlights red palm oil and its health benefits, with its growth inhibitory potential drawing great attention. Red palm oil, extracted from the Elaeis guineensis palm tree is red in colour due to the abundance of carotenoids, tocotrienols and tocopherols found in the oil. Various compounds make up the oil such as lycopene, carotenes, vitamin E and coenzyme Q10. Most studies have researched the effects of vitamin E extracted from the oil as a contributor to its growth inhibitory activity. This study focuses on the effects of the commercial red palm oil as a whole with all its compounds on the proliferation of breast cancer cells as well as the effect it has on various genes associated with breast cancer. Method: This study investigated the effect of red palm oil concentrations (1, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 μg/ml) on breast cancer cells—MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 with comparison to a non-cancerous cell line—MCF-12A for 24-, 48- and 72-hour treatment periods. The parameter investigated was cell proliferation through the CCK-8 cell proliferation assay and the morphology following red palm oil treatment was observed and captured. Additionally, this study also investigated the effect of red palm oil on the expression of Human Mammaglobin (hMAM) and Maspin genes through the PCR assay and results visualised through agarose gel electrophoresis. Data was statistically analysed using GraphPad version 6.0 software. Results: Following treatment of red palm oil, no apparent changes in the cell morphology was observed despite using variable treatment concentrations over variable times for MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-12A cells relative to their respective controls. Immortalised MCF-12A cells showed a significant increase in proliferation with the varying treatment concentrations, but more prominently with the highest concentration at 24, 48 and 72 hours. MCF-7 cells showed significant decreases at 24 and 72 hours. Decreased proliferation was observed at all dosages used, particularly at 10, 100, and 500 μg/ml. Furthermore, MDA-MB-231 cells demonstrated a gradual increase in cell proliferation for the 3 selected time periods in the varying concentrations. Additionally, red palm oil did not alter the gene expression of Maspin at any of the varying treatments for MDA-MB-231 nor MCF-7 cells. However, changes in hMAM gene expression were observed at treatment concentration of 100 μg/ml in MDA-MB-231 cells that were incubated for 24 and 48 hours. However, the hMAM expression was not affected in treated MCF-7 cells. Conclusion: Red palm oil, as an alternative dietary oil, seems to have potential growth inhibitory properties as demonstrated by the change in the cell proliferation of the MCF-7 cells. Literature show that various individual compounds extracted from red palm oil have anti-proliferative and inhibitory effects on breast cancer cells making them good candidates for therapy. However, this study concludes that red palm oil as a whole component would not be a suitable therapeutic agent for highly aggressive triple-negative breast cancer.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.