The aim of this thesis was to examine the Czech-Taiwanese cultural standards in business and study environment from the perspective of Czech students and businessmen. The first chapter deals with theoretical bases of cultural standards including explanations of key concepts. The second part deals with the development of Taiwan focusing on the major historical milestones. There is also economy, demography, political and social system, religion, education system in Taiwan and Czech-Taiwanese relations mentioned. The research of cultural standards using method known as critical incidents realized on the basis of in-depth interviews as following. Finally there are recommendations for Czech students planning to study in Taiwan and Czech businessman starting to cooperate with Taiwanese.

Abstract 1) Goal of the thesis There is an assumption that companies are nowadays spending money on IT Security not according to the importance of the information for the company. In order to prove it or not, this thesis is about to check it. In case that this is true, the aim of this thesis will be to find out the methodology that can be used to verify, whether money are spent effective and efficiently or not. 2) Aiming of the thesis From the content point of view the focus of this work is information security methodics. From the research point of view the research was conducted on medium and small organisations in automotive, mainly due to the fact that automotive industry is an important part of our national economy (approx. 8% of GDP). 3) Outcomes of the thesis From the theory point of view the definition of "adequacy" of the information security was set. Adequacy consists of two parts -- the value of information, and the importance of information. The way how to determine both value and importance was found as well. From the reality point of view there was a finding that researched organisations do not undergo any systematic approach in the information security, what can negatively impact the frequency and importance of security incidents in the organisations. One of the main results of the research is the fact that in case there is a need to make effective and efficient information security based on the support of the management of the company. Finally, the next result is creating and verification of the "Adequate information security methodology", which can be used by managers in order to increase effectiveness and efficiency of the sources spent on information security. There is an extension of this Methodology covering the individuality of the decision maker and circumstances that influence him.

This thesis focuses on development of software for security incident reporting from GPON networks. The theoretical part introduces the principles of GPON and provides an introduction to security incidents. The practical part is focused on the selection of suitable open-source systems and the design of an application in Python for the creation of alerts. The output of the work is the deployment of TheHive, Cortex and MISP systems and the creation of an application enabling the creation of various types of alerts based on prepared template. The thesis is finalized by a detailed description of deployment, custom configuration and testing.

The early observation and elimination of non-recurring incidents is a crucial task in trafficmanagement. The performance of the conventional incident detection methods (trafficcameras and other sensory technologies) is limited and there are still challenges inobtaining an accurate picture of the traffic conditions in real time. During the last decade,the technical development of mobile platforms and the growing online connectivity made itpossible to obtain traffic information from social media and applications based on spatialcrowdsourcing. Utilizing the benefits of crowdsourcing, traffic authorities can receiveinformation about a more comprehensive number of incidents and can monitor areaswhich are not covered by the conventional incident detection systems. The crowdsourcedtraffic data can provide supplementary information for incidents already reported throughother sources and it can contribute to earlier detection of incidents, which can lead tofaster response and clearance time. Furthermore, spatial crowdsourcing can help to detectincident types, which are not collected systematically yet (e.g. potholes, traffic light faults,missing road signs). However, before exploiting crowdsourced traffic data in trafficmanagement, numerous challenges need to be resolved, such as verification of the incidentreports, predicting the severity of the crowdsourced incidents and integration with trafficdata obtained from other sources.During this thesis, the possibilities and challenges of utilizing spatial crowdsourcingtechnologies to detect non-recurring incidents were examined in form of a case study.Traffic incident alerts obtained from Waze, a navigation application using the concept ofcrowdsourcing, were analyzed and compared with officially verified incident reports inStockholm. The thesis provides insight into the spatial and temporal characteristics of theWaze data. Moreover, a method to identify related Waze alerts and to determine matchingincident reports from different sources is presented. The results showed that the number ofreported incidents in Waze is 4,5 times higher than the number of registered incidents bythe Swedish authorities. Furthermore, 27,5 % of the incidents could have been detectedfaster by using the traffic alerts from Waze. In addition, the severity of Waze alerts isexamined depending on the attributes of the alerts.

The early observation and elimination of non-recurring incidents is a crucial task in traffic management. The performance of the conventional incident detection methods (traffic cameras and other sensory technologies) is limited and there are still challenges in obtaining an accurate picture of the traffic conditions in real time. During the last decade, the technical development of mobile platforms and the growing online connectivity made it possible to obtain traffic information from social media and applications based on spatial crowdsourcing. Utilizing the benefits of crowdsourcing, traffic authorities can receive information about a more comprehensive number of incidents and can monitor areas which are not covered by the conventional incident detection systems. The crowdsourced traffic data can provide supplementary information for incidents already reported through other sources and it can contribute to earlier detection of incidents, which can lead to faster response and clearance time. Furthermore, spatial crowdsourcing can help to detect incident types, which are not collected systematically yet (e.g. potholes, traffic light faults, missing road signs). However, before exploiting crowdsourced traffic data in traffic management, numerous challenges need to be resolved, such as verification of the incident reports, predicting the severity of the crowdsourced incidents and integration with traffic data obtained from other sources. During this thesis, the possibilities and challenges of utilizing spatial crowdsourcing technologies to detect non-recurring incidents were examined in form of a case study. Traffic incident alerts obtained from Waze, a navigation application using the concept of crowdsourcing, were analyzed and compared with officially verified incident reports in Stockholm. The thesis provides insight into the spatial and temporal characteristics of the Waze data. Moreover, a method to identify related Waze alerts and to determine matching incident reports from different sources is presented. The results showed that the number of reported incidents in Waze is 4,5 times higher than the number of registered incidents by the Swedish authorities. Furthermore, 27,5 % of the incidents could have been detected faster by using the traffic alerts from Waze. In addition, the severity of Waze alerts is examined depending on the attributes of the alerts.

<p><strong>Syfte:</strong> Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka ambulanssjuksköterskors upplevelser av arbete på skadeplats med en till fyra drabbade personer. <strong>Metod:</strong> Fyra män och fyra kvinnor, med en erfarenhet mellan två och elva år av ambulanssjukvård, deltog i studien. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes och data analyserades med innehållsanalys. <strong>Resultat:</strong> Sju kategorier identifierades: Kommunikation, Ledarskap, Medicinskt omhändertagande, Rutiner och riktlinjer, Organisation, Personlighet och relationer, samt Samverkan. Skadeplatsarbetet sker utanför sjukhusets kontrollerade verksamhet. Att varje gång anpassa sig till situationen, omhänderta, leda och organisera arbetet är det som krävs av en ambulanssjuksköterska. Samtidigt ställs stora krav på den omkringliggande organisationen inklusive alla övriga resurser, på att kunna samarbeta och fungera som grupp.<strong> Slutsats:</strong> Skadeplatsarbetet kräver en organisation som måste fungera i minsta detalj och samtidigt alltid förbättra sig. Då många av de upplevda problemen ansågs bero på personlighet och relationer så kräver det dessutom att personalen är stresstålig, ödmjuk, social, kreativ och noggrann.</p> / <p><strong>Aim:</strong> The aim with this study was to analyze the ambulance nurses experiences from working at the trauma scene, with up to four injured patients. <strong>Method:</strong> four men and four women, with a two to eleven years time of experience in the ambulance service, participated. Data from qualitative interviews were analyzed with content analysis. <strong>Result:</strong> Seven categories were identified: Communication, Leadership, Medical treatment, Routines and guidelines, Organization, Personalities and relations, and finally Cooperation. An ambulance nurse needs to be able to adapt to any given situation. To nurse and treat, to lead and organize the activity at the trauma scene, is some things that could be asked from the nurse. A great requirement is also put on the surrounding organization, including all other resources, to cooperate and to function as a team. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Professional work at the trauma scene demands an organization that needs to function in any unique situation. At the same time it’s just as important that this organization continuously improves. Experiences from problems in prehospital work could be related to personalities and relations between colleagues. This shows the importance of personnel that can handle stress, show humbleness, empathy and skills of being creative, social and precise.</p>

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka ambulanssjuksköterskors upplevelser av arbete på skadeplats med en till fyra drabbade personer. Metod: Fyra män och fyra kvinnor, med en erfarenhet mellan två och elva år av ambulanssjukvård, deltog i studien. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes och data analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultat: Sju kategorier identifierades: Kommunikation, Ledarskap, Medicinskt omhändertagande, Rutiner och riktlinjer, Organisation, Personlighet och relationer, samt Samverkan. Skadeplatsarbetet sker utanför sjukhusets kontrollerade verksamhet. Att varje gång anpassa sig till situationen, omhänderta, leda och organisera arbetet är det som krävs av en ambulanssjuksköterska. Samtidigt ställs stora krav på den omkringliggande organisationen inklusive alla övriga resurser, på att kunna samarbeta och fungera som grupp. Slutsats: Skadeplatsarbetet kräver en organisation som måste fungera i minsta detalj och samtidigt alltid förbättra sig. Då många av de upplevda problemen ansågs bero på personlighet och relationer så kräver det dessutom att personalen är stresstålig, ödmjuk, social, kreativ och noggrann. / Aim: The aim with this study was to analyze the ambulance nurses experiences from working at the trauma scene, with up to four injured patients. Method: four men and four women, with a two to eleven years time of experience in the ambulance service, participated. Data from qualitative interviews were analyzed with content analysis. Result: Seven categories were identified: Communication, Leadership, Medical treatment, Routines and guidelines, Organization, Personalities and relations, and finally Cooperation. An ambulance nurse needs to be able to adapt to any given situation. To nurse and treat, to lead and organize the activity at the trauma scene, is some things that could be asked from the nurse. A great requirement is also put on the surrounding organization, including all other resources, to cooperate and to function as a team. Conclusion: Professional work at the trauma scene demands an organization that needs to function in any unique situation. At the same time it’s just as important that this organization continuously improves. Experiences from problems in prehospital work could be related to personalities and relations between colleagues. This shows the importance of personnel that can handle stress, show humbleness, empathy and skills of being creative, social and precise.

Information security incident management is important for organizations and its importance is increasing. Information security incidents are increasing both in number and in scope and in 2018 GDPR and the NIS-directive require organizations to report incidents to a supervision authority. This study highlights IT-consulting companies and their vulnerable position as subcontractors. The study aims to address the lack of empirical research in incident management and to inform future theory development. The goal of the study is to answer the research questions (1) what challenges do IT-consultancy companies experience with their incident management? (2) What challenges are specifically related to the GDPR and the NIS-directive? And (3) what challenges are specific for consulting companies? Challenges with the incident management are identified and clarified by qualitative interviews with experts and a survey. The analysis of the results shows that some of the challenges are consistent with previous studies, while some are new and that the survey partly support the experts' opinions. The conclusion of the study is that the majority of the companies’ improvement opportunities are linked to internal and external communication, cost focus, absence of a major incident, awareness, GDPR, the role of consulting company and internationally recognized difficult activities. The research contribution of the study consists of identified challenges in the field of incident management derived from IT-consultancy companies. The result of the study are recommended to IT-consultancy companies that would like to improve their incident management process by gaining an understanding of incident management issues. / En väl fungerande process för incidenthantering är och blir allt viktigare för organisationer. Informationssäkerhetsincidenter ökar både i antal och i omfattning och 2018 träder GDPR och NIS-direktivet i kraft med krav på rapportering av utpekade incidenter till en tillsynsmyndighet. Denna studie belyser IT-konsultbolag och deras utsatta position som underleverantör och syftar till att adressera bristen av empirisk forskning inom incidenthantering och att bidra till en framtida teoriutveckling. Målet med studien är att besvara forskningsfrågorna (1) vilka utmaningar upplever IT-konsultbolag med deras incidenthantering? (2) vilka utmaningar är specifikt relaterade till GDPR och NIS-direktivet? och (3) vilka utmaningar och är specifika för just konsultbolag? Resultatet bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med experter och en enkätundersökning och resultatet identifierar och tydliggör upplevda utmaningar med bolagens incidenthantering. Analysen av resultatet visar att vissa av bolagens utmaningar överensstämmer med tidigare studier medan vissa är nya och att enkätundersökningen till viss del stödjer experternas utlåtanden. Slutsatsen av studien är att bolagen har flertalet utvecklings- och förbättringsmöjligheter som är kopplade till intern och extern kommunikation, kostnadsfokus, avsaknad av en större incident, medvetenhet, GDPR, rollen som konsultbolag och internationellt erkända svåra aktiviteter. Studiens forskningsbidrag består av identifierade utmaningar inom området incidenthantering hos IT-konsultbolag och resultatet av studien rekommenderas till IT-konsultbolag som, genom att få en förståelse av incidenthanteringens problematik, vill förbättra och utveckla sin process för hantering av incidenter.

My purpose with the envisaged study was to determine the effect a critical incident have on employees and how their functioning, psychosocially and at work is affected. Furthermore the goal was to determine if the employees who was affected by a critical incident was exposed to Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) intervention, and if so did it have an impact on their functioning ( Psychosocial and work performance). An extended literature study was conducted to comprehend the meaning of trauma, the different facets of trauma, how it can impact on an emotional, physical, cognitive and behavioural level. The literature study further focused on the impact of a critical incident on the work performance and family life of the employee. Attention was given to the models in CISM intervention, the role of Employee assistance programs as well as the perceived outcomes of interventions the respondents were exposed to. In the study, data was collected in a qualitative as well as a quantitative manner. In the quantitative study two questionnaires were used as tool to collect information. In the qualitative study the researcher used clinical case notes as part of the document analysis as well as a semi structured interview with both the employee as well as the manager as data sources. Respondents (therapists) were selected according to the probability sampling procedure for the quantitative study and respondents volunteered to participate in the qualitative study after participating in the quantitative study. Participation in the study was voluntary and the participation rate in the quantitative study was 67.5% and in the qualitative study 22.22% It was evident from the study that employees were affected by a variety of critical incidents divergent in severity, circumstances and duration. The impact on each individual was unique and responses ranged in terms of severity. It was evident from the study that employees were affected by the critical incident and subsequently their work performance and psychosocial functioning was affected. The study managed to provide sufficient evidence on the impact of the critical incident on the psychosocial functioning and work performance of the employee. The research proved that individual counselling is effective in working through the incident and improving the psychosocial functioning and work performance significantly. The study also proved that intervention in the form of defusing, debriefing, individual counselling and aftercare is effective in addressing employees' reactions, supporting them to recover emotionally from the critical incident and improving their psychosocial functioning and subsequently their work performance. Conclusions and recommendations were made in terms of the empirical findings. The researcher hope that these conclusions and recommendations will be of value and contribute to the study field of CISM and EAP and have a positive impact on employees exposed to critical incidents and their recovery process. / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

In 2018 the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) funded a study in which data were collected to evaluate performance measures for UDOT's Incident Management Team (IMT) program. After that study was completed, UDOT received funding to expand the size of its IMT program. Additionally, TransSuite, a data source used by the UDOT Traffic Operations Center to log incident-related data, was reconfigured to provide a higher quantity of performance measure data. This study made use of the new data source, in addition to Computer Aided Dispatch logs provided by the Utah Highway Patrol that were used in the first study, to collect performance measure data of the expanded program and measure the impacts of the IMT program expansion. Using these two datasets, a reanalyzed 2018 dataset and a new 2020 dataset, a comparison of performance measures was made. Performance measures studied included those defined as important by the Federal Highway Administration's Focus States Initiative in 2009, namely Roadway Clearance Time, Incident Clearance Time, and Response Time. These performance measures were calculated for IMT responders at 320 incidents in 2018 and 289 incidents in 2020. In addition, data regarding the affected volume associated with incidents, the excess travel time accumulated due to incidents, and the excess user cost associated with incident congestion were gathered. In 2018, 188 incidents were analyzed for these user impacts, and in 2020 144 incidents were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare IMT performance between the two years and to determine relationships between performance measures and user impacts. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic affected traffic volumes during this study, and statistical analyses were adjusted to account for volume differences between the two years. Results indicated that the expansion of the IMT program has allowed UDOT to respond faster to incidents, and respond to a larger quantity of incidents over a larger coverage area and in extended operating hours. Performance of the expanded IMT program has had significant effects in reducing incident-related congestion and its costs.