One of the main tenets of finance is diversification. Investors choose their portfolios so as to diversify away their idiosyncratic risk. In four essays included into this dissertation the implications of less than perfect diversification on investors’ performance and asset pricing are investigated. In Essay I we examine one particular instance in which diversification may play a role in a non-portfolio type of investment: the IPO. In an IPO, a set of potentially non-diversified investors – the existing shareholders – reduce their holdings of a company, listing the company and selling part of its shares. Our contribution is to show how portfolio diversification of controlling investors in private companies affects the IPO process. We demonstrate that companies sold by more diversified shareholders are less likely to be taken public, but when doing so they are priced more favourably. In Essays II and III we investigate the impact of incomplete diversification and imperfect risk-sharing on asset returns. Our argument is that the smaller shareholder base a firm has, the larger the fraction of company idiosyncratic risk on average its investors have to carry, and the higher return they would demand for that. We demonstrate that there is a negative and significant relationship between companies’ shareholder base and stock returns as well as between changes in shareholder base and stock returns. This effect is more pronounced for younger companies, but remains significant for seasoned companies as well. Applying our analysis to corporate events we demonstrate that abnormal performance following the repurchase can be partially explained by the reduction in the shareholders base resulting from repurchase. In Essay IV I investigate the motives behind one of the most puzzling examples of investors’ underdiversification – the local bias. Contrary to the predictions of classical financial theories, investors on aggregate overweight stock of proximate companies in their portfolios. I demonstrate that being placed in new community, individual investors not only soon become biased towards companies with establishments in this new locality, but they also obtain superior returns from these investments. Investing into the local stocks, therefore, is to a large degree rational. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2005 S. ii-vi: sammanfattning, s. 1-134: 4 uppsatser

Mi tesis utiliza la noción de contrato relacional para explicar pautas aparentemente contraintuitivas de organización vertical. El primer capitulo muestra que, cuando existen externalidades entre empresas, la integración vertical reduce la tentación de sus ejecutivos de bajar el esfuerzo, haciendo sus promisas de cooperar más creibles. El segundo capitulo muestra que, cuando una regulación europea prohibió los territorios exclusivos en la distribución de automóviles, los fabricantes impusieron estándares de servicio y precios maximos, estos últimos para reducir la tentación de los concesionarios de romper pactos informales para no competir. El tercer capitulo muestra que, pese a la asignación simétrica de derechos de decisión en sus contratos de franquicia, los fabricantes de coches dictan estándares a los concesionarios, remunerandolos con descuentos discrecionales. Eso sugiere que los fabricantes son delegados informalmente para tomar decisiones, y usan sus podéres contractuales como recurso extremo contra la tentación de los concesionarios de rechazarlas. / My thesis applies the notion of relational contracts to explain seemingly counterintuitive vertical arrangements. The first chapter shows that, in the presence of spillovers between an upstream and a downstream firm, vertical integration reduces the downstream manager's present gains from shirking, making her promise to cooperate with the upstream firm credible. The second chapter shows that, after a European regulation prohibited exclusive territories, car dealership contracts switched to a mix of service standards and price ceilings, and argues that price ceilings were introduced to reduce the dealers' short-run profits from reneging on an informal "no-compete" agreement. The third chapter shows that, despite the even allocation of decision rights in dealership contracts, car manufacturers dictate performance standards ex post, and reward dealers through discretionary discounts. This suggests manufacturers are informally delegated to set standards, and use formal decision rights as a last resort against the dealers' temptation to overturn their decisions.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-30T15:00:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IVANILDO FREIRE DE MEDEIROS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2012..pdf: 16736580 bytes, checksum: 9cf0bb7af38d77f20a6f48a3a8439d88 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-30T15:00:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IVANILDO FREIRE DE MEDEIROS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2012..pdf: 16736580 bytes, checksum: 9cf0bb7af38d77f20a6f48a3a8439d88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03 / Hoje com o avanço na agroindústria, o uso de silos é indispensável para que se mantenha a qualidade de produtos como grãos, sementes e demais insumos agrícolas. Em silos existem, basicamente, dois tipos de fluxo, o fluxo de massa e o fluxo de funil, onde o fluxo de massa é caracterizado pelo movimento de todas as partículas do produto, enquanto que no fluxo de funil existem três camadas, onde a primeira camada está se movimentando, a segunda camada fica a espera para que possa entrar em movimento e a terceira permanece estagnada durante todo o processo. Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa documentar e avaliar através de imagens de alta resolução o padrão de fluxo e suas variantes em silos industriais através de modelo reduzido de seção semicircular e mensurar sua vazão de descarga para quatro produtos armazenáveis. Para a análise das propriedades de fluxo utilizou-se a recomendação da British Material Handling Board enquanto que os resultados de vazão experimental foram comparados aos teóricos obtidos pelas equações de Beverloo et al. e Rotter. Observou-se que quando utilizado o fundo plano com grãos, ocorria o fluxo de massa até determinada relação H/D passando, depois, para fluxo de funil. Para farelo de soja o fluxo o fluxo variou de acordo com a geometria do silo (fundo plano ou tremonha) entre massa e funil, enquanto para milho triturado o tipo de fluxo observado foi o de funil independentemente da utilização de fundo plano ou tremonha. Quanto aos valores de vazão de descarga, nenhuma das teorias testadas conseguiu reproduzir com exatidão os resultados experimentais indicando necessidade de adequação para cada situação em particular. / Today with the advancement in the agricultural industry, the use of silos is essential in order to maintain the quality of products such as grains, seeds and other agricultural inputs. Silo are basically two flow patterns, the mass flow and funnel flow, where the mass flow is characterized by the movement of ali particles in the product, while the funnel flow, there are three one, where the first layer is moving the second one is waiting for it to come in motion and the third remains flat during the process. The objective of this research were to document and assess through high resolution images of the flow pattern and its variants in silos through industrial scale model of semicircular cross section and measure its flow discharge for four bulk solids. For the analysis of the flow was used British Material Handling Board recommendations while the flow experimental results were obtained compared to the theoretical equations of Beverloo et al. and Rotter. It was observed that when using a flat bottom, there was the mass flow determined by H/D ratio passing then to flow funnel. For soybean flow varied depending on the geometry of the silo (flat bottom or hopper) between mass and dropping funnel, while for ground corn, the type of flow was observed regardless of the funnel using a flat or hopper. For the values of flow discharge, none of the theories tested was able to reproduce accurately the experimental results indicating a need to adapt them to each particular situation.

Submitted by Gustavo Moreira de Souza (gustavo.souza@fgvmail.br) on 2014-09-30T10:57:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese2.pdf: 627931 bytes, checksum: 6803828198abb7c93382d2d995199ba2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by BRUNA BARROS (bruna.barros@fgv.br) on 2014-10-02T19:02:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese2.pdf: 627931 bytes, checksum: 6803828198abb7c93382d2d995199ba2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2014-10-14T12:19:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese2.pdf: 627931 bytes, checksum: 6803828198abb7c93382d2d995199ba2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-14T12:24:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese2.pdf: 627931 bytes, checksum: 6803828198abb7c93382d2d995199ba2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-29 / This paper introduces simultaneous choices of the political, taxation and expenditure government systems in a dynamics macroeconomic model of political economy with incomplete markets where the size of government must be decided in each period. The paper also evaluates the effect of each one of these institutions on the political equilibrium. The inclusion of these variables makes the model more realistic and makes possible the study of how government policy is chosen by society. The more general specification of the model calibrated to the EUA reproduced the effective tax rate and capital-labor tax rate observed in data. / Esse paper introduz escolha simultânea do sistema político, sistema tributário e composição do gasto governamental em um modelo macroeconômico dinâmico de economia política com mercados incompletos onde o tamanho das arrecadações governamentais deve ser decidido a cada período. Além disso avalia o efeito de cada uma dessas instituições sobre a política fiscal de equilíbrio político. A inclusão dessas variáveis torna o modelo mais realista e possibilita o estudo de como a política econômica do governo é escolhida pela sociedade. A especificação mais geral do modelo calibrada para os EUA foi capaz de aproximar de maneira satisfatória a taxa efetiva e a relação tributária capital-trabalho observada nos dados.

A elevada frequência de óbitos por causas mal definidas e por diagnósticos incompletos compromete a validade de indicadores de mortalidade por causas, constituindo obstáculo para a alocação racional dos recursos de saúde com base em perfil epidemiológico. O presente trabalho avalia a qualidade da informação da causa básica de morte na região do Médio Paraíba, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, nos anos de 2005 a 2009 para toda a população. Os dados provieram do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) disponibilizados pelo DATASUS/MS. A análise baseou-se em dois indicadores de mortalidade proporcional, por causas mal definidas (CMD - todos os óbitos cuja causa básica esteja incluída no capítulo XVIII da CID-10) e por diagnósticos incompletos (DI), segundo classificação apresentada no Projeto Carga de Doença do Brasil, 2002. As associações entre a qualidade da informação e variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e relacionadas à ocorrência do óbito foram investigadas por meio do cálculo das razões de chances de mortes por CMD e por DI, em relação às demais causas de morte. Observou-se na região do Médio Paraíba uma proporção de CMD de 4,54% no período de 2005 a 2009. A proporção de diagnósticos incompletos na região do Médio Paraíba no mesmo período mostrou-se elevada (20,59%). Somados os óbitos por CMD e DI na região do Médio Paraíba no quinquênio avaliado, chega-se a uma proporção de causas inadequadamente definidas (25,13%) bem acima do valor mediano de 12% estimado para a população mundial. As chances de CMD e DI decrescem quanto maior o grau de instrução. Quanto à variável raça, os óbitos de indivíduos da raça negra apresentaram maiores chances de ter CMD. Entre os óbitos de indivíduos de cor branca observaram-se maiores chances de constar um DI como causa básica. Nos óbitos sem assistência médica as chances de CMD e DI foram superiores em relação aos óbitos com assistência. Os óbitos em unidade hospitalar apresentaram menores chances de CMD e maiores chances de DI. As variáveis ignoradas ou não informadas apresentaram-se associadas a maiores chances de CMD e DI. Os resultados sugerem que na região do Médio Paraíba a qualidade dos dados de mortalidade no que concerne CMD está bem superior à nacional, assemelhando-se aos valores dos países desenvolvidos. Ainda assim, a proporção de causas residuais encontra-se bastante elevada, evidenciando que não obstante a expressiva melhora do SIM, persistem limitações que restringem a utilização mais ampla do sistema e impedem que os avanços nas políticas e programas na área da saúde sejam maiores. / A high frequency of deaths due to ill-defined causes and incomplete diagnoses compromise the validity of cause specific mortality indicators, constituting an obstacle to the rational allocation of health resources based on epidemiological profile. This study evaluates the quality of information regarding the underlying cause of death in the Médio Paraíba region, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in the years 2005 to 2009 for the entire population. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM) provided by DATASUS / MS. The analysis was based on two indicators of proportional mortality, the proportion of deaths due to ill-defined causes (IDC - Chapter XVIII, ICD-10) and incomplete diagnosis (ID) according to the classification presented in the Burden of Disease Project in Brazil, 2002. The association between quality of information of the underlying cause of death and demographic, socioeconomic and related to the occurrence of deaths covariates was assessed by calculating odds ratios of deaths due to IDC and ID in relation to the remaining causes of death. Proportional mortality due to IDC in the Médio Paraíba was found to be 4.54% in the period 2005-2009, values similar to those expected in developed countries. However, following a national trend, the proportion of incomplete diagnosis in the Médio Paraíba region, in the same period was high (20.59%). Together, the proportions of deaths from IDC and ID in the Médio Paraíba region in the quinquenium from 2005 to 2009, reached 25.13%, above the median value of 12% estimated for the world population. The odds of deaths due to IDC and ID decreased at higher levels of education. As for the variable race, the deaths of the black subjects had higher odds of having IDC. Deaths of white individuals were more likely to be listed as the underlying cause ID. Among deaths without medical assistance chances of IDC and ID were higher in relation to deaths with assistance. The deaths in hospital had lower odds of IDC and greater chances of ID. The variables had ignored or not reported were associated with higher odds of IDC and ID. The results suggest that in the Médio Paraíba quality of mortality data regarding IDC is well above the national level, resembling the values of developed countries. Still, the proportion of residual causes is quite high, showing that despite the significant improvement of SIM persist limitations that restrict the wider use of the system and prevent that advances policies and programs in health are greater.

L'objectif sous-jacent aux trois chapitres qui composent cette thèse est la compréhension du fonctionnement du marché du travail, afin d'établir un diagnostic quant au rôle de régulation potentiel d'une autorité publique dans ce marché. Dans le premier chapitre, j'analyse, d'un point de vue purement "positif", la capacité du modèle avec frictions d'appariement à répliquer les fluctuations de court terme de variables du marché du travail aux États-Unis. Je propose une nouvelle stratégie de calibration, dans le cadre d'analyse est celui d'un modèle de fluctuations avec rigidité de prix. Dans le deuxième chapitre (co-écrit avec F. Langot), nous étudions les déterminants des évolutions de l'offre de travail sur les cinquante dernières années. L'évolution du coin fiscal, ainsi que de deux variables reflétant le cadre institutionnel (la générosité du revenu en cas de "non-emploi" et le pouvoir de négociation des travailleurs), permettent d'expliquer les différentes trajectoires du taux d'emploi et des heures travaillées observées aux États-Unis et dans trois économies européennes (France, Allemagne et Royaume-Uni). Dans le troisième chapitre, j'analyse la performance de deux systèmes alternatifs de sécurité sociale, dans le cadre d'un modèle avec agents hétérogènes en termes de richesse. Les agents sont soumis à un risque de chômage, et le planificateur peut fournir de l'assurance à travers un système fiscal redistributif, basé sur une taxe progressive et/ou l'assurance chômage. Le système fiscal progressif est supérieur, en termes de bien-être agrégé, à l'assurance fournie à travers des allocations chômage, à travers son effet sur le fonctionnement du marché du travail. / The objective underlying the three chapters of this thesis is the understanding of the functioning of the labor market to make a diagnosis about the potential regulatory role of a public authority in this market. ln the first chapter, I analyze, from a purely "positive" point of view, the ability of the model with search and matching frictions to reproduce short-term fluctuations of labor market variables in the United States. I propose a new calibration strategy, within a general equilibrium framework with sticky prices. In the second chapter (co-written with F. Langot), we study the determinants of changes in the labor supply over the last fifty years. Changes in the tax wedge, and two variables reflecting the institutional framework (the generosity of income in case of "non-employment" and workers' bargaining power), can explain the different trajectories of the rate employment and hours worked observed in the United States and three European economies (France, Germany and the United Kingdom). ln the third chapter, I analyze the performance of two alternative systems of social security, within the framework of a model with heterogeneous agents in terms of wealth. The agents are subject to a risk of unemployment, and the planner can provide insurance through a redistibutive tax system, based on a progressive tax and / or unemployment insurance. The progressive tax system is superior in terms of aggregate welfare to the insurance provided through unemployment benefits, through its effect on the functioning of the labor market.

A elevada frequência de óbitos por causas mal definidas e por diagnósticos incompletos compromete a validade de indicadores de mortalidade por causas, constituindo obstáculo para a alocação racional dos recursos de saúde com base em perfil epidemiológico. O presente trabalho avalia a qualidade da informação da causa básica de morte na região do Médio Paraíba, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, nos anos de 2005 a 2009 para toda a população. Os dados provieram do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) disponibilizados pelo DATASUS/MS. A análise baseou-se em dois indicadores de mortalidade proporcional, por causas mal definidas (CMD - todos os óbitos cuja causa básica esteja incluída no capítulo XVIII da CID-10) e por diagnósticos incompletos (DI), segundo classificação apresentada no Projeto Carga de Doença do Brasil, 2002. As associações entre a qualidade da informação e variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e relacionadas à ocorrência do óbito foram investigadas por meio do cálculo das razões de chances de mortes por CMD e por DI, em relação às demais causas de morte. Observou-se na região do Médio Paraíba uma proporção de CMD de 4,54% no período de 2005 a 2009. A proporção de diagnósticos incompletos na região do Médio Paraíba no mesmo período mostrou-se elevada (20,59%). Somados os óbitos por CMD e DI na região do Médio Paraíba no quinquênio avaliado, chega-se a uma proporção de causas inadequadamente definidas (25,13%) bem acima do valor mediano de 12% estimado para a população mundial. As chances de CMD e DI decrescem quanto maior o grau de instrução. Quanto à variável raça, os óbitos de indivíduos da raça negra apresentaram maiores chances de ter CMD. Entre os óbitos de indivíduos de cor branca observaram-se maiores chances de constar um DI como causa básica. Nos óbitos sem assistência médica as chances de CMD e DI foram superiores em relação aos óbitos com assistência. Os óbitos em unidade hospitalar apresentaram menores chances de CMD e maiores chances de DI. As variáveis ignoradas ou não informadas apresentaram-se associadas a maiores chances de CMD e DI. Os resultados sugerem que na região do Médio Paraíba a qualidade dos dados de mortalidade no que concerne CMD está bem superior à nacional, assemelhando-se aos valores dos países desenvolvidos. Ainda assim, a proporção de causas residuais encontra-se bastante elevada, evidenciando que não obstante a expressiva melhora do SIM, persistem limitações que restringem a utilização mais ampla do sistema e impedem que os avanços nas políticas e programas na área da saúde sejam maiores. / A high frequency of deaths due to ill-defined causes and incomplete diagnoses compromise the validity of cause specific mortality indicators, constituting an obstacle to the rational allocation of health resources based on epidemiological profile. This study evaluates the quality of information regarding the underlying cause of death in the Médio Paraíba region, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in the years 2005 to 2009 for the entire population. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM) provided by DATASUS / MS. The analysis was based on two indicators of proportional mortality, the proportion of deaths due to ill-defined causes (IDC - Chapter XVIII, ICD-10) and incomplete diagnosis (ID) according to the classification presented in the Burden of Disease Project in Brazil, 2002. The association between quality of information of the underlying cause of death and demographic, socioeconomic and related to the occurrence of deaths covariates was assessed by calculating odds ratios of deaths due to IDC and ID in relation to the remaining causes of death. Proportional mortality due to IDC in the Médio Paraíba was found to be 4.54% in the period 2005-2009, values similar to those expected in developed countries. However, following a national trend, the proportion of incomplete diagnosis in the Médio Paraíba region, in the same period was high (20.59%). Together, the proportions of deaths from IDC and ID in the Médio Paraíba region in the quinquenium from 2005 to 2009, reached 25.13%, above the median value of 12% estimated for the world population. The odds of deaths due to IDC and ID decreased at higher levels of education. As for the variable race, the deaths of the black subjects had higher odds of having IDC. Deaths of white individuals were more likely to be listed as the underlying cause ID. Among deaths without medical assistance chances of IDC and ID were higher in relation to deaths with assistance. The deaths in hospital had lower odds of IDC and greater chances of ID. The variables had ignored or not reported were associated with higher odds of IDC and ID. The results suggest that in the Médio Paraíba quality of mortality data regarding IDC is well above the national level, resembling the values of developed countries. Still, the proportion of residual causes is quite high, showing that despite the significant improvement of SIM persist limitations that restrict the wider use of the system and prevent that advances policies and programs in health are greater.

The work deals whit a family, its different types, functions and influenceson a child development. There is charactersed an endangerad family in the first part,too. Next it describes various parent positions, roles and their risk factors in education. In the third part there is written about the situations, when a family becomes incomplete - because of a parent or death or divorce. It is focused on child feelings after the loss of its parent. Today much more couples separate and taking care of children brings a lot of difficult moments. The risks of a single parent upbringing are meant there, too. Next chapter daels whit relationshipsof family membres after a step-parent comes into a family. In the last part there is a description of a family education, styles and risk factors of unappropriate parentś positions.

Neste trabalho aborda-se aspectos teóricos, computacionais e aplicados de análises clássicas de dados categorizados com omissão. Uma revisão da literatura é apresentada enquanto se introduz os mecanismos de omissão, mostrando suas características e implicações nas inferências de interesse por meio de um exemplo considerando duas variáveis respostas dicotômicas e estudos de simulação. Amplia-se a modelagem descrita em Paulino (1991, Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics 5, 1-42) da distribuição multinomial para a produto de multinomiais para possibilitar a inclusão de variáveis explicativas na análise. Os resultados são desenvolvidos em formulação matricial adequada para a implementação computacional, que é realizada com a construção de uma biblioteca para o ambiente estatístico R, a qual é disponibilizada para facilitar o traçado das inferências descritas nesta dissertação. A aplicação da teoria é ilustrada por meio de cinco exemplos de características diversas, uma vez que se ajusta modelos estruturais lineares (homogeneidade marginal), log-lineares (independência, razão de chances adjacentes comum) e funcionais lineares (kappa, kappa ponderado, sensibilidade/especificidade, valor preditivo positivo/negativo) para as probabilidades de categorização. Os padrões de omissão também são variados, com omissões em uma ou duas variáveis, confundimento de células vizinhas, sem ou com subpopulações. / We consider theoretical, computational and applied aspects of classical categorical data analyses with missingness. We present a literature review while introducing the missingness mechanisms, highlighting their characteristics and implications in the inferences of interest by means of an example involving two binary responses and simulation studies. We extend the multinomial modeling scenario described in Paulino (1991, Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics 5, 1-42) to the product-multinomial setup to allow for the inclusion of explanatory variables. We develop the results in matrix formulation and implement the computational procedures via subroutines written under R statistical environment. We illustrate the application of the theory by means of five examples with different characteristics, fitting structural linear (marginal homogeneity), log-linear (independence, constant adjacent odds ratio) and functional linear models (kappa, weighted kappa, sensitivity/specificity, positive/negative predictive value) for the marginal probabilities. The missingness patterns includes missingness in one or two variables, neighbor cells confounded, with or without explanatory variables.

<p align="justify">In real life it is very often the case that the available knowledge is imperfect in the sense that it represents multiple possible states of the external world, yet it is unknown which state corresponds to the actual situation of the world. Imperfect knowledge can be of two different categories. Knowledge is incomplete if it represents different states, one of which is true in the external world. On the contrary, knowledge is uncertain if it represents different states which may be satisfied or are likely to be true in the external world.</p><p><p align="justify">Imperfect knowledge can be considered under two different perspectives: using either an algebraic or a logical approach. We present both approaches in relation with the standard relational model, providing the necessary background for the subsequent development.</p><p><p align="justify">The study of imperfect knowledge has been an active area of research, in particular in the context of relational databases. However, due to the complexity of manipulating imperfect knowledge, little practical results have been obtained so far. In this thesis we provide a survey of the field of incompleteness and uncertainty in relational databases;it can be used also as an introductory tutorial for understanding the intuitive semantics and the problems encountered when representing and manipulating such imperfect knowledge. The survey concentrates in giving an unifying presentation of the different approaches and results found in the literature, thus providing a state of the art in the field.</p><p><p align="justify">The rest of the thesis studies in detail the manipulation of one type of incomplete knowledge, namely disjunctive information, and one type of uncertain knowledge, namely probabilistic information. We study both types of imperfect knowledge using similar approaches, that is through an algebraic and a logical framework. The relational algebra operators are generalized for disjunctive and probabilistic relations, and we prove the correctness of these generalizations. In addition, disjunctive and probabilistic databases are formalized using appropriate logical theories and we give sound and complete query evaluation algorithms.</p><p><p align="justify">A major implication of these studies is the conviction that viewing incompleteness and uncertainty as different facets of the same problem would allow to achieve a deeper understanding of imperfect knowledge, which is absolutely necessary for building information systems capable of modeling complex real-life situations. </p> / Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation Informatique / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished