Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Understanding factors that enhance or diminish performance levels of individuals is instrumental for achieving individual (low level) and organisational (high level) goals. In this study, the effect of social network structure, position, ties and information and communication technologies (ICT) use on performance attitudes of knowledge intensive workers in dispersed occupational communities is investigated. Based on social network theories of strength of weak ties and structural holes, and the social influence model of technology use, a theoretical framework is developed. In conjunction with qualitative interviews conducted with subject matter experts, the framework is used to further develop and refine a valid and reliable survey instrument. Secondly, network measures of degree centrality, density, structural holes (constraint and efficiency), tie strength and tie diversity are applied for exploring the association with ICT use and performance from a sample of 110 rural general practitioners. Empirical results suggest that network structure, position and ties of knowledge workers play a crucial role in individual performance and ICT use. In particular, degree centrality and task-level ICT use was found to be positively associated with performance while ego-network constraint was found to be negatively correlated with performance. In terms of ICT use, functional diversity and degree centrality were positively associated with task-level ICT use whereas ego-network efficiency was found to be negatively correlated with ICT use at the communication-structure level. Among the variables that showed significance, degree centrality best explained overall variance for performance, and functional diversity best explained overall variance for task-level ICT use, although professional accreditations remains a potent indicator also. The results from this study resonate with findings from past literature and extend traditional theory of social networks and performance within the micro level to include geographically dispersed individuals involved in knowledge intensive work. For individuals in such non-competitive settings, traditional network theories such as structural holes theory still apply. However, a key finding is that network structure is a much more potent predictor of performance although network position is important. The second key finding addresses a major gap in the literature concerning understanding social processes that influence ICT use. As the technology acceptance and the social influence models lack empirical evidence from a social networks perspective, this research shows that rather than the strength of ties which functions as a conduit of novel ideas and information, it is the functional tie diversity within individual professionals networks that increase ICT use at the task-level. Methodologically, the study contributes towards a triangulation approach that utilises both qualitative and quantitative methods for operationalising the study. The quantitative method includes a non-traditional “networks” method of data collection and analysis to serve as a fine complement to traditional research methods in behavioural studies. The outcome is a valid and reliable survey instrument that allows collection of both individual attribute and social network data. The instrument is theoretically driven, practically feasible to implement, time-efficient and easily replicable for other similar studies. At the domain level, key findings from this study contradict previous literature which suggests that professionals in occupational communities such as general practitioners decline in performance as they age. In fact, findings from this study suggest that age and experience do not affect for performance; rather, there is a negative relationship between experience and task-level ICT use, and that task-level ICT use is positively associated with performance in terms of attitudes to interpersonal care. Furthermore, degree centrality is also positively associated with professional accreditations, such as fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, which is conducive to performance in terms of attitudes to interpersonal and technical care. The contextual implication from the quantitative and qualitative evidence of this study is that while contemplating strategies for optimising ICT use or for improving attitudes to quality of care at the technical and interpersonal level, the importance of social structure, position and relations in the practitioner’s professional network needs to be considered carefully as part of the overall individual and organisation-level goals.

Dado o uso crescente de tecnologias não autorizadas e não suportadas pelo departamento de TI nas organizações, chamadas de Shadow IT, o papel da TI e a forma tradicional de gerenciar tecnologia estão mudando dentro das organizações. Shadow IT refere-se ao uso de tecnologias utilizadas pelos funcionários sem a autorização ou o suporte formal da TI para realizar as tarefas de trabalho. Motivada por este contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar os fatores antecedentes ao comportamento de uso da Shadow IT e a relação deste comportamento com o desempenho individual dos usuários de TI. Para alcançar tal objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa survey com 286 usuários de TI da área administrativa. Estes usuários são funcionários de três diferentes empresas: um órgão público, uma empresa de educação profissional e uma cooperativa de crédito, as quais compõe a amostra. Esta pesquisa obteve como resultados que os fatores Experiência do Usuário, Utilidade Percebida e Influência Social têm relação positiva significante com o uso da Shadow IT, bem como o uso da Shadow IT tem relação positiva significante com o desempenho individual do usuário de TI. Este trabalho traz implicações teóricas e práticas. Para a teoria, esta pesquisa ampliou o conhecimento sobre o uso da Shadow IT a nível individual. Ademais, um instrumento para medir o comportamento de uso da Shadow IT foi desenvolvido, o qual pode ser aplicado nas organizações para conhecer o comportamento do usuário de TI com relação ao uso destas tecnologias. A partir do conhecimento dos antecedentes do comportamento de uso da Shadow IT e qual é a sua relação com o desempenho individual do usuário de TI, os gestores podem elaborar políticas de gestão que reduzam os riscos associados a esse fenômeno, bem como potencializar os seus benefícios. / Given the increasing use of unauthorized technologies by employees in organizations, called Shadow IT, the traditional way to manage technology is changing. Shadow IT is the use of an unauthorized technology by employees, changing, thus, the role of IT is changing within organizations. Motivated by this context, this research aims to verify the antecedents factors behind Shadow IT usage behavior and the relationship of this behavior with the individual performance of IT users. To reach this goal, we performed a survey research with 286 IT users of from the administrative area. These users are employees of three different companies: a public agency, a professional education company and a financial cooperative. As results, we found that User Experience, Perceived Usefulness and Social Influence has positive relationship with Shadow IT usage, as well as the use of Shadow IT has a positive relationship with the individual performance of the IT user. This research has theoretical and practical implications. To the academia, this research has extended knowledge about Shadow IT usage at individual level. Furthermore, we also has developed an instrument to measure the Shadow IT usage behavior, which can be applied to the IT users of companies in order to know their Shadow IT usage behavior. To know the antecedents of Shadow IT usage and what is its relationship with individual performance of IT user is also important to companies. Managers must know what drives users to use Shadow IT, as well as what is the outcome of this use in terms of individual performance in order to develop policies and strategies that reduce the risks associated with this phenomenon and maximize its benefits.

SABOYA, Francisca Talitta Muniz. Um estudo sobre competências, contexto de trabalho e desempenho em uma organização social. 2013. 115f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2013. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-27T12:52:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-DIS-FTMSABOYA.pdf: 1716199 bytes, checksum: ce915e6fb60b6e2039109015846afe51 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-27T13:56:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-DIS-FTMSABOYA.pdf: 1716199 bytes, checksum: ce915e6fb60b6e2039109015846afe51 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-27T13:56:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-DIS-FTMSABOYA.pdf: 1716199 bytes, checksum: ce915e6fb60b6e2039109015846afe51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / This paper presents an analysis of the relationship between skills, work context and individual performance, bringing the field of social organizations as a space for discussion, reflection and understanding of these issues. The main objective of this study was to characterize the dimensions of context and operational skills of the group studied, relating them to work performance through a field research of descriptive character in their goals and quantitative-qualitative approach to collection and processing of data. The sample of respondents was composed by agents of recruitment and selection of the service unit Center of the Institute of Labour Development. A scale evaluation of the work context, and a questionnaire to identify skills were used as instrumental quantitative, grounded in IMBA model. This information was treated by simple described statistics. Afterwards this was followed by a press conference (focus group) that allowed to explore aspects related to skills and context, noting their relationships and impacts on individual performance, using content analysis for its interpretation. The systematic direct observation was also used to assist in understanding the dynamics cited and data analyzed. Based on the quantitative findings 11 functional competencies and dimensions of the context presented critical result (work organization) and satisfying (working conditions and socio-professional relationships). Qualitative information indicated aspects that impact on the expression and skills development, its relevance to execution of daily tasks, the social impact of the results of the work and the lack of recognition of performance as well as the support of the institution to overcome the difficulties presented in the context experienced. We conclude that the work context inquired has characteristics that negatively impact in the mobilization and skills expression identified as relevant to the group and, consequently, on its performance. The central objective of the research was thus achieved. Moreover, the findings contribute to increase the conceptual level of the field inquired, which can support new studies in the area. / A presente dissertação apresenta uma análise das relações entre competências, contexto de trabalho e desempenho individual, trazendo o campo das organizações sociais como espaço de discussão, reflexão e compreensão destas temáticas. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi caracterizar as dimensões do contexto e as competências funcionais do grupo estudado, relacionando-as com o desempenho no trabalho, por meio de uma pesquisa de campo, de caráter descritivo em seus objetivos e de abordagem quantitativo-qualitativa para a coleta e tratamento dos dados. A amostra de pesquisados foi composta por agentes de recrutamento e seleção da unidade de atendimento Centro do Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Trabalho. Foram utilizados como instrumentais quantitativos, uma escala de avaliação do contexto de trabalho e um questionário para a identificação de competências embasado no Modelo IMBA. Essas informações foram tratadas mediante estatística descrita simples. Posteriormente, foi realizado um grupo focal que permitiu explorar aspectos referentes às competências e ao contexto, observando suas relações e impactos para o desempenho individual, utilizando-se da análise de conteúdo para sua interpretação. A observação direta sistemática também foi usada para auxiliar na compreensão da dinâmica citada e análise das informações coletadas. Com base nos achados quantitativos, foram delimitadas 11 competências funcionais e as dimensões do contexto de trabalho apresentaram resultado crítico (organização do trabalho) e satisfatório (condições de trabalho e relações socioprofissionais). As informações qualitativas apontaram aspectos que impactam na expressão e desenvolvimento das competências, sua relevância para execução das tarefas diárias, o impacto social dos resultados do trabalho e a falta de reconhecimento do desempenho bem como o suporte da instituição em superar as dificuldades apresentadas no contexto vivenciado. Conclui-se que o contexto de trabalho investigado apresenta características que impactam negativamente na mobilização e expressão das competências identificadas como relevantes ao grupo e, consequentemente, sobre seu desempenho. O objetivo central da pesquisa foi, portanto, alcançado. Ademais, os achados contribuem para aumentar o nível conceitual do campo investigado, o que pode dar suporte a novos estudos na área.

Dado o uso crescente de tecnologias não autorizadas e não suportadas pelo departamento de TI nas organizações, chamadas de Shadow IT, o papel da TI e a forma tradicional de gerenciar tecnologia estão mudando dentro das organizações. Shadow IT refere-se ao uso de tecnologias utilizadas pelos funcionários sem a autorização ou o suporte formal da TI para realizar as tarefas de trabalho. Motivada por este contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar os fatores antecedentes ao comportamento de uso da Shadow IT e a relação deste comportamento com o desempenho individual dos usuários de TI. Para alcançar tal objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa survey com 286 usuários de TI da área administrativa. Estes usuários são funcionários de três diferentes empresas: um órgão público, uma empresa de educação profissional e uma cooperativa de crédito, as quais compõe a amostra. Esta pesquisa obteve como resultados que os fatores Experiência do Usuário, Utilidade Percebida e Influência Social têm relação positiva significante com o uso da Shadow IT, bem como o uso da Shadow IT tem relação positiva significante com o desempenho individual do usuário de TI. Este trabalho traz implicações teóricas e práticas. Para a teoria, esta pesquisa ampliou o conhecimento sobre o uso da Shadow IT a nível individual. Ademais, um instrumento para medir o comportamento de uso da Shadow IT foi desenvolvido, o qual pode ser aplicado nas organizações para conhecer o comportamento do usuário de TI com relação ao uso destas tecnologias. A partir do conhecimento dos antecedentes do comportamento de uso da Shadow IT e qual é a sua relação com o desempenho individual do usuário de TI, os gestores podem elaborar políticas de gestão que reduzam os riscos associados a esse fenômeno, bem como potencializar os seus benefícios. / Given the increasing use of unauthorized technologies by employees in organizations, called Shadow IT, the traditional way to manage technology is changing. Shadow IT is the use of an unauthorized technology by employees, changing, thus, the role of IT is changing within organizations. Motivated by this context, this research aims to verify the antecedents factors behind Shadow IT usage behavior and the relationship of this behavior with the individual performance of IT users. To reach this goal, we performed a survey research with 286 IT users of from the administrative area. These users are employees of three different companies: a public agency, a professional education company and a financial cooperative. As results, we found that User Experience, Perceived Usefulness and Social Influence has positive relationship with Shadow IT usage, as well as the use of Shadow IT has a positive relationship with the individual performance of the IT user. This research has theoretical and practical implications. To the academia, this research has extended knowledge about Shadow IT usage at individual level. Furthermore, we also has developed an instrument to measure the Shadow IT usage behavior, which can be applied to the IT users of companies in order to know their Shadow IT usage behavior. To know the antecedents of Shadow IT usage and what is its relationship with individual performance of IT user is also important to companies. Managers must know what drives users to use Shadow IT, as well as what is the outcome of this use in terms of individual performance in order to develop policies and strategies that reduce the risks associated with this phenomenon and maximize its benefits.

Devido a insatisfação dos usuários com os sistemas de informação (SI) disponíveis nas organizações e a necessidade de melhorar o desempenho individual na execução das tarefas, muitos grupos de trabalho implementam, de forma autônoma, recursos de tecnologia e sistemas não disponíveis pelo departamento de TI. Assim, a satisfação e o comportamento produtivo no trabalho podem ser explicados pela teoria das características do trabalho proposta por Hackman e Oldham, que podem atuar como variável preditora do uso de soluções e tecnologias alternativas. Motivada por esse contexto, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar como as características do trabalho estão relacionadas com o comportamento workaround e com uso da shadow IT, avaliando o impacto no desempenho individual. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi alcançado ao longo da execução de 3 artigos. O artigo 1 apresenta uma revisão de literatura sobre os fatores: características do trabalho, comportamento workaround, uso da shadow IT e desempenho individual, sendo comprovado teoricamente a relação entre as temáticas, dando origem ao desenvolvimento do modelo teórico testado no artigo 2. No artigo 2 foi realizada a aplicação de um survey com 369 usuários de TI que possibilitou a realização de testes estatísticos para assegurar a validade e confiabilidade do modelo de pesquisa proposto no artigo 1, além do teste das 5 hipóteses propostas neste estudo. Neste artigo pode-se concluir que as características do trabalho possuem uma relação positiva com o comportamento workaround e com o uso da shadow IT. Com relação ao impacto no desempenho individual, os achados desta pesquisa demonstram que tanto o comportamento workaround quanto o uso da shadow IT possuem uma relação positiva com o desempenho individual. Ademais, confirma-se a relação entre o comportamento workaround e o uso da shadow IT que são conceitos semelhantes, mas que possuem importantes diferenças. Dentre as sugestões de pesquisa, recomenda-se o estudo do comportamento workaround com o compartilhamento do conhecimento, pois o uso de soluções alternativas proporciona uma comunicação mais rápida e dinâmica, impulsionando a colaboração entre colegas de trabalho, parceiros externos e cliente. Por fim, no artigo 3 buscou-se verificar o papel mediador do comportamento workaround e do uso da shadow IT na relação entre as características do trabalho e o desempenho individual. O principal resultado deste artigo evidencia que o efeito direto entre as características do trabalho e o desempenho não foi suportado, o que confirma a mediação total, já que o efeito indireto foi maior do que o efeito direto que não apresentou significância. Assim, o efeito das características do trabalho no desempenho individual é melhor explicado pela variável comportamento workaround e pelo uso da shadow IT. Como a análise e moderação e a mediação são conceitos similares pois descrevem uma situação em que o relacionamento de 2 construtos depende de uma terceira variável em que as diferenças estão na fundamentação teórica e na interpretação dos resultados, sugere-se um estudo comparativo que demonstre como os construtos deste modelo se comportam através da análise de moderação. / Users' dissatisfaction with the information systems (IS) available in organizations and the need to improve individual performance in the execution of tasks, many workgroups autonomously implement technology resources and systems not available to the IT department. Thus, satisfaction and productive behavior at work can be explained by the theory of the job characteristics proposed by Hackman and Oldham, which can act as a predictor of the use of alternative solutions and technologies. Motivated by this context, this research aims to analyze how the job characteristics are related to the workaround behavior and using shadow IT, evaluating the impact on individual performance. The objective of this research was achieved during the execution of 3 articles. Article 1 presents a review of the literature on the factors: job characteristics, workaround behavior, use of shadow IT and individual performance, theoretically proving the relationship between the themes, giving rise to the development of the theoretical model tested in article 2. In the article 2 a survey was carried out with 369 IT users that allowed the performance of statistical tests to ensure the validity and reliability of the research model proposed in article 1, in addition to the test of the 5 hypotheses proposed in this study. In this paper it can be concluded that the job characteristics have a positive relationship with the workaround behavior and the use of shadow IT. Regarding the impact on individual performance, the findings of this research demonstrate that both the workaround behavior and the use of shadow IT have a positive relationship with individual performance. In addition, the relationship between the workaround behavior and the use of shadow IT is confirmed, which are similar concepts, but which have important differences. Among research suggestions, it is recommended to study workaround behavior with knowledge sharing, as the use of alternative solutions provides faster and more dynamic communication, boosting collaboration among colleagues, external partners and the client. Finally, article 3 sought to verify the mediating role of the workaround behavior and the use of shadow IT in the relation between the job characteristics and the individual performance. The main result of this article shows that the direct effect between the job characteristics and the performance was not supported, which confirms the total mediation, since the indirect effect was greater than the direct effect that did not present significance. Thus, the effect of job characteristics on individual performance is best explained by the variable workaround behavior and by the use of shadow IT. Since analysis and moderation and mediation are similar concepts because they describe a situation in which the relationship of 2 constructs depends on a third variable in which the differences are in the theoretical basis and in the interpretation of the results, a comparative study is suggested that demonstrates how the constructs of this model behave through moderation analysis.

Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-07-04T00:25:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoForneck.pdf: 601299 bytes, checksum: e36434223bba55de51e83aa3859934dc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-04T00:25:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoForneck.pdf: 601299 bytes, checksum: e36434223bba55de51e83aa3859934dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Nenhuma / O Objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a relação existente entre o job embeddedness dos funcionários de uma instituição financeira o seu desempenho individual e da agência em que atua. Nesse sentido, foi realizada inicialmente uma pesquisa sobre a literatura existente sobre o conceito de job embeddedness, também foi verificado o que os estudos do ramo financeiro estavam pesquisando e foram levantadas algumas informações sobre esse ramo. O modelo teórico de Job embeddedness foi testado em uma amostra de 71 respondentes de uma instituição financeira localizada no Rio Grande do Sul no primeiro semestre de 2011. Foi sugerido, através da revisão teórica, que o nível de Job embeddedness dos gerentes dessa instituição possuía relação com o desempenho individual desse gestor e com o desempenho da agência. Como técnica de pesquisa, foi utilizada a análise de regressão. Os resultados indicaram que o vínculo pessoal com a organização possui relação positiva e significante com o desempenho do gestor, e que o sacrifício em deixar a organização possui relação negativa e significante com esse desempenho. Por outro lado, o estudo colaborou para verificar que o desempenho individual dos funcionários, possui relação positiva e significante com o desempenho financeiro de uma agência bancária, confirmando uma das hipóteses de pesquisa. Isso demonstra que outros estudos podem ser efetuados para verificar a relação desse conceito com índices de desempenho e buscar verificar o que influencia nesse desempenho individual do gestor. / The purpose of this study was to verify the existing relation between Job embeddedness of the employee of a financial institution and the individual performance and the performance of the bank where he works. In this case a research was made on the existing literature about this concept, it was also verified what the studies on the financial field were researching and some information was raised on this line. In the first semester of 2011 the Job embeddedness theoretical model was tested with 71 individuals of a financial institution located in Rio Grande do Sul. It was suggested through the theoretical review that the level of Job embeddedness of the managers of this institution had a relation with the individual performance of this person and the performance of the branch. The research technique used was regressive analysis. The results show that the link each individual has with organization is positively related to his or her individual job performance. Results also show that scarify to leave the organization is negatively related to individual job performance. On the other hand the study has helped to verify that the performance of managers has a strong and significant relationship with the financial performance of the bank, confirming the eighth hypothesis. This demonstrates that other studies can be made to check the relationship of this variable with performance and try to verify what influences the individual performance of a manager.

Nowadays the companies want to make sure that they have strong resources that can face the rapid changes in the environment. One of the most important resources is human resources. The interest of the companies to have committed employees have been increased because there is a big difference between the performance of committed employees and the rest of the employees. Committed employees perform well in the organization and help the organization to grow and face the competitive environment. Based on this, this research aims to evaluate and study the relationship between organizational commitment and individual performance.To do this one of the Multinational corporation(MNC) is selected, this MNC is the Japanese company Kansai Paint who has one subsidiary in Pakistan. The theoretical model of this study was formulated based on one dependent variable which is the individual performance and three independent variables which are an affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment.The data of the research was collected by questionnaires which sent to 100 employees on Kansai Paint in Pakistan, and SPSS testing was used to analyze the data. The finding of the study exposed that the affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment have a positive impact on the individual performance. At the end of the research, the conclusion of the research was drawn and several of recommendations were developed.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A presente dissertaÃÃo apresenta uma anÃlise das relaÃÃes entre competÃncias, contexto de trabalho e desempenho individual, trazendo o campo das organizaÃÃes sociais como espaÃo de discussÃo, reflexÃo e compreensÃo destas temÃticas. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi caracterizar as dimensÃes do contexto e as competÃncias funcionais do grupo estudado, relacionando-as com o desempenho no trabalho, por meio de uma pesquisa de campo, de carÃter descritivo em seus objetivos e de abordagem quantitativo-qualitativa para a coleta e tratamento dos dados. A amostra de pesquisados foi composta por agentes de recrutamento e seleÃÃo da unidade de atendimento Centro do Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Trabalho. Foram utilizados como instrumentais quantitativos, uma escala de avaliaÃÃo do contexto de trabalho e um questionÃrio para a identificaÃÃo de competÃncias embasado no Modelo IMBA. Essas informaÃÃes foram tratadas mediante estatÃstica descrita simples. Posteriormente, foi realizado um grupo focal que permitiu explorar aspectos referentes Ãs competÃncias e ao contexto, observando suas relaÃÃes e impactos para o desempenho individual, utilizando-se da anÃlise de conteÃdo para sua interpretaÃÃo. A observaÃÃo direta sistemÃtica tambÃm foi usada para auxiliar na compreensÃo da dinÃmica citada e anÃlise das informaÃÃes coletadas. Com base nos achados quantitativos, foram delimitadas 11 competÃncias funcionais e as dimensÃes do contexto de trabalho apresentaram resultado crÃtico (organizaÃÃo do trabalho) e satisfatÃrio (condiÃÃes de trabalho e relaÃÃes socioprofissionais). As informaÃÃes qualitativas apontaram aspectos que impactam na expressÃo e desenvolvimento das competÃncias, sua relevÃncia para execuÃÃo das tarefas diÃrias, o impacto social dos resultados do trabalho e a falta de reconhecimento do desempenho bem como o suporte da instituiÃÃo em superar as dificuldades apresentadas no contexto vivenciado. Conclui-se que o contexto de trabalho investigado apresenta caracterÃsticas que impactam negativamente na mobilizaÃÃo e expressÃo das competÃncias identificadas como relevantes ao grupo e, consequentemente, sobre seu desempenho. O objetivo central da pesquisa foi, portanto, alcanÃado. Ademais, os achados contribuem para aumentar o nÃvel conceitual do campo investigado, o que pode dar suporte a novos estudos na Ãrea. / This paper presents an analysis of the relationship between skills, work context and individual performance, bringing the field of social organizations as a space for discussion, reflection and understanding of these issues. The main objective of this study was to characterize the dimensions of context and operational skills of the group studied, relating them to work performance through a field research of descriptive character in their goals and quantitative-qualitative approach to collection and processing of data. The sample of respondents was composed by agents of recruitment and selection of the service unit Center of the Institute of Labour Development. A scale evaluation of the work context, and a questionnaire to identify skills were used as instrumental quantitative, grounded in IMBA model. This information was treated by simple described statistics. Afterwards this was followed by a press conference (focus group) that allowed to explore aspects related to skills and context, noting their relationships and impacts on individual performance, using content analysis for its interpretation. The systematic direct observation was also used to assist in understanding the dynamics cited and data analyzed. Based on the quantitative findings 11 functional competencies and dimensions of the context presented critical result (work organization) and satisfying (working conditions and socio-professional relationships). Qualitative information indicated aspects that impact on the expression and skills development, its relevance to execution of daily tasks, the social impact of the results of the work and the lack of recognition of performance as well as the support of the institution to overcome the difficulties presented in the context experienced. We conclude that the work context inquired has characteristics that negatively impact in the mobilization and skills expression identified as relevant to the group and, consequently, on its performance. The central objective of the research was thus achieved. Moreover, the findings contribute to increase the conceptual level of the field inquired, which can support new studies in the area.

Name: Individual performance development of young female heptathletes Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and judge performance development of young female czech heptathletes aged between 16 and 19 years old. From the analysis their personal performance development and other factors that may affect their performance we want to find out which of them have the best assumptions to succeed in athletic heptathlon. Methods: The work was a qualitative research. Specifically, it was a case study. We collected data through document analysis methods. We evaluated performance development of each selected athlete. We used the comparison method to compare the performance development of each athlete considering to other heptathletes and Eliška Klučinová. Using a semi-structured interview we researched another information about their training and social, psychological, health and somatic assumption, which may affect their further performance growth. Results: From the point of view of the long term athlete development it is positive, that all athletes competed in heptathlon, but we think that Jana Novotná, Barbora Zatloukalová, Denisa Majerová and Tereza Vokálová have the best assumptions for athletic heptathlon. Jana Novotná and Barbora Zatloukalová have balanced performance in all events of...

Le salarié d’aujourd’hui ne se définit plus seulement par son travail mais par rapport à toutes les expériences qu’il peut vivre. Il possède des identités multiples, issues de toutes les sphères de la vie et ces identités influencent ses actions et ont des conséquences sur son comportement. L’objectif de cette recherche est de comprendre comment les identités multiples d’un salarié interfèrent avec le contexte organisationnel (ressources et exigences) et quelles en sont les conséquences en termes de bien-être et de performance au travail. Pour cela, en s’appuyant sur la théorie de la conservation des ressources (Hobfoll, 1989), trois études empiriques ont été menées auprès d’une population d’enseignants-chercheurs d’Universités Françaises. Plusieurs contributions se dégagent de ces travaux. Premièrement, la nature du rôle médiateur des ressources dans la relation entre identités multiples, bien-être ou performance au travail a été montrée. Celle modératrice des exigences contextuelles également. Deuxièmement, cette recherche contribue à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes identitaires en jeu. Une typologie des stratégies identitaires mises en place par le salarié en réponse aux signaux de son environnement est proposée. La structuration en réseau des identités multiples, hypothèse formulée par Ramarajan (2014) est également mise en exergue. Ainsi, dans un contexte organisationnel, le salarié est soumis aux signaux de son environnement, émanant des ressources et des exigences, qui constituent pour lui une menace ou une opportunité identitaire. En réponse, il met en place des stratégies pour contrer la menace ou saisir l’opportunité. Suivant le résultat de ces stratégies et la structure du réseau d’identités que l’individu possède, la menace ou l’opportunité identitaire peuvent se propager via le réseau dans le réservoir de ressources de l’individu provoquant spirales de perte ou de gain de ressources avec des conséquences sur son bien-être et sa performance individuelle au travail. / The employees are not anymore defined by the work they accomplish, but also by the experiences they live. They have multiple identities from several spheres of life, and these identities influence their actions, and by extension have consequences on their behaviour. The aim of this research is to understand how multiple identities of an employee interfere with the organisational context (resources and exigences), and what the consequences are in term of workplace well-being and individual performance. In that line, three studies based on the resources conservation theory (Hobfoll, 1989) have been conducted with teacher-researchers. This thesis generated several contributions. First, the nature of the mediator role of resources in the relation between multiple identities, workplace well-being and individual performance have been shown. The moderator role for exigences also. Second, this research contributes to a better understanding of identity mechanism in game. A typology of identity strategies elaborated by employees in responses to their environmental signals are suggested. The network structure of multiple identities, a hypothesis expressed by Ramarajan (2014) is also verified. In that sense, in an organisational context, the employee is subjected to environmental signals (from resources and exigences) which establish for them an identity threat or an identity opportunity. In response, they build strategies. According to the results of these strategies, and the identity network structure of the person, the identity threat or identity opportunity can spread via the network within the resources reservoir of the person, generating gain or loss spiral of resources, with consequences on workplace well-being and individual performance.