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京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23750号 / 医博第4796号 / 新制||医||1055(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 村川 泰裕, 教授 斎藤 通紀, 教授 藤渕 航 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第24091号 / 医博第4867号 / 新制||医||1059(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 林 康紀, 教授 髙橋 良輔, 教授 渡邉 大 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Organizations carry an important role in transforming sustainable systems, not least their leaders as they can influence the well-being of employees. Implementing Mindfulness Practices (MPs) within organizations could therefore have a positive influence on several levels throughout the organization for making sustainable change.  As meetings are the playing field for decision-making in organizations, mindfulness is a way to engage people in meetings, to help participants rise to the opportunity of making sustainable decisions. Building on the existing research on organizations and mindfulness, this study aims to provide a descriptive account of the perceptions and experiences of individuals within a team when a short MP is incorporated at the beginning of meetings, resulting in a Mindfulness Meeting (MM). The research took a multi-method qualitative approach by conducting semi-structured interviews and participant observations on two teams from different organizations. Two interviews were conducted, on both leaders and followers, one focusing on general meeting perceptions, and a second focusing on the perceptions of the MMs. The findings of the research indicate that a MP, when conducted in the right format, helps cultivate and strengthen the cognitive processes critical for work environments. In particular the factors perceived as positive for achieving meeting goals were a sense of being present, aware, having clarity of thought, and regulating interactions with others. However, this study is just a starting place for the future of MM within organizations and the work they must do to transition towards sustainable systems.

The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to highlight a problem that is very relevant for young adults of foreign-born parents in Sweden. By conducting in-depth interviews with young adults who have experience of brokering during their childhood, we get a better understanding of how the role impacts immigrant families. In our analysis we use sociopsychological theories to illustrate on how the role of brokering contributes to an inner conflict, conflicts between parent and child, and changes in family dynamics. Conflicts arise from the child trying to define him-/herself from being seen as a child while also having increased responsibilities compared to its peers. These responsibilities increase with time, and as such lead to conflicts between the parent and the child, as the role dissolves traditional power hierarchies in families. The child however is not limited to only brokering for their own parents. They also act as brokers for other family members. Our central analysis is that while children act as brokers, they are progressively assigned more tasks by the parents. With time, these tasks lead to increased power for the child and makes the parents more dependent on the child. We define this process as spiral of power.

This dissertation has two parts. In the first part, we focus on random inner product kernel matrices. Under various assumptions, many authors have proved that the limiting empirical spectral distribution (ESD) of such matrices A converges to the Marchenko- Pastur distribution. Here, we establish the corresponding rate of convergence. The strategy is as follows. First, we show that for z = u + iv ∈ C, v > 0, the distance between the Stieltjes transform m_A (z) of ESD of matrix A and Machenko-Pastur distribution m(z) is of order O (log n \ nv). Next, we prove the Kolmogorov distance between ESD of matrix A and Marchenko-Pastur distribution is of order O(3\log n\n). It is the less sharp rate for much more general class of matrices. This uses a Berry-Esseen type bound that has been employed for similar purposes for other families of random matrices. In the second part, random geometric graphs on the unit sphere are considered. Observing that adjacency matrices of these graphs can be thought of as random inner product matrices, we are able to use an idea of Cheng-Singer to establish the limiting for the ESD of these adjacency matrices. / Mathematics

Inner-city neighborhoods are being recognized for their potential to contribute visually, economically, and culturally to the urban core. Efforts to revitalize these neighborhoods will need to address the economic, cultural, and social structure of the neighborhood. Resident groups, in particular long-time and newer residents, will likely be affected by the cultural changes that inevitably accompany revitalization. This project explores the processes of community life and place attachment, and their role in fostering healthy communities. Residents, depending on their length of time in the neighborhood, will be at different stages of these processes. Design and planning may support community life and place attachment by understanding this continuum and providing for the processes that engender them. This project began with a review of literature on the subject of inner-city neighborhoods, gentrification, community life, and place attachment. From this literature design and planning criteria were extracted. These criteria were then applied to the Belmont-Fallon neighborhood in Roanoke, Virginia, and were evaluated based on the conditions of the neighborhood and levels of attachment of long-time and newer residents. Design implications were developed that may support the process of place attachment within this community. These implications were then illustrated and tested through design. / Master of Landscape Architecture

In a gas turbine, a small portion of air is bled from the compressor to provide cooling to keep the turbine at a safe operating temperature. The air flows through several passages in between where the components of the turbine are assembled. In this study, the heat transfer and pressure loss characteristics of two of these passages are investigated experimentally. The first of the two passages investigated is the passage in between the turbine blade root and disc. This passage has a unique geometry resembling an S-shape. The heat transfer and pressure loss characteristic of this passages in not well documented. For this study, a model of the realistic S-shaped passage has been made. In addition, a simplified rectangular duct with hydraulic diameter similar to that of the realistic S-shaped passage was constructed along with three other rectangular passages at aspect ratios, 17.33, 8.81, 3.93, and 2.02. This study aims to determine if rectangular duct correlations are valid for the realistic S-shaped model. Specifically, flow in low Reynolds number ranges of less than 3000 are of interest. With the effect or rotation and aspect ratio being of primary concern in the study, an experimental rig was constructed to measure the heat transfer and pressure loss in these models. The experiments were conducted with both clockwise and counterclockwise rotation to account for the passage on the pressure side and suction side of the passage. The centerline Nusselt number distribution measured to check if the flow was fully developed. The effect of rotation caused swirling, increasing the entrance length in the duct and also enhanced heat transfer. The rotation also enhanced the heat transfer in the fully developed region. The fully developed experimental data for the simplified rectangular ducts showed good correlation with that of literature. However, the realistic S-shaped duct showed lower heat transfer values than the simplified rectangular ducts. Still, the effect of rotation is seen enhancing the rotation inf the realistic S-shaped duct. Additionally, the friction factor which was measured using the cross-sectional average static pressure showed similar results for the realistic S-shaped duct and the simplified rectangular duct. The passage between turbine disc bore and shaft is modeled as an annular duct with inner surface rotation. Flow in the turbulent region is studied and the test sections are made to have short length to hydraulic dimeter ratios. Along the centerline, the onset of Taylor vortices can be seen enhancing the Nusselt number in regions where the flow should be fully developed. This effect can also be seen enhancing the heat transfer in the fully developed region. The presence of Taylor vortices also adds resistance increasing the pressure loss across the duct. / Master of Science / Industrial gas turbines are designed to have an optimum overall pressure ratio for target temperatures rise. The demand for higher efficiency and power continues to push the operating pressure and temperature. Air systems is the flow network to provide necessary cooling to keep the machinery at a safe operating temperature. In this study, two passages of the air system in the turbine are of interest. The passage between turbine blade root and disc, and the passage between the turbine disc and shaft. The effect of rotation on the flow through the two passages are of primary interest with focus on heat transfer and pressure loss characteristics. This experimental study presents unique results as a realistic model of the passage which resembles an S-shape was constructed and tested. The passage in between the turbine disc and shaft forms a rotating annular passage. There is limited data available representing the realistic geometrical shape of the annular passage under rotation. Therefore, the present study aims to present data for more realistic geometry and operating conditions. In addition, simplified rectangular ducts and annular ducts are also tested for comparison purpose. The results of the study showed that the rotation does provide a significant increase in heat transfer and pressure loss in experiment modeling the passage between the turbine blade root and disc. Comparing the realistic S-shape passage and the rectangular passage with similar aspect ratio, the realistic S-shape passage showed less heat transfer and less sensitivity to the effect of rotation. The pressure loss characteristics on the other hand proved to be very similar. For the experiments modeling the passage between turbine disc and shaft, the effect of rotation once again showed to increase the heat transfer and pressure loss. The effect is more prominent when there is less axial flow.