Obesity has become a major issue in advanced societies having serious impacts on various social as well as economic levels. In addition to the personal costs of obesity leading to serious and chronic diseases, obesity projects additional burdens upon society including lack of productivity, often resulting in increased dependence on governmental benefits, as well as increasing health care costs, most of which are paid for by taxes. This phenomenon has become especially prevalent in the United States and the United Kingdom, with both countries attempting to reduce obesity levels with programs that utilize varying levels of paternalism. As the costs to these societies have become unsustainable, both have begun to experiment with behavioral insights to address the faults in their current programs. The resulting policy tool, known as a nudge, focuses on consumers' choice environments that contribute to poor health decisions and reframes the choice structures to intuitively encourage healthier choices. While both countries continue to study the use of nudges to reduce obesity, there are large differences in how each country has utilized nudges as a policy tool. For this large-scale problem and others like it, having the resources to develop policy solutions is not enough to resolve the problem: a country must be able to properly implement the solutions for them to be effective. This paper examines the development of nudging in each country and determines whether their differences in policy application reflect a broader problem of obesity-related policy intervention.

Submitted by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2017-11-22T15:02:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRE SILVA DE CARVALHO.pdf: 3017440 bytes, checksum: 72f0dd79324eb16e16c0fca2fea756db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2017-11-22T15:02:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRE SILVA DE CARVALHO.pdf: 3017440 bytes, checksum: 72f0dd79324eb16e16c0fca2fea756db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Cristina Ropero (ana@espm.br) on 2017-11-23T10:56:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRE SILVA DE CARVALHO.pdf: 3017440 bytes, checksum: 72f0dd79324eb16e16c0fca2fea756db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-23T10:56:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRE SILVA DE CARVALHO.pdf: 3017440 bytes, checksum: 72f0dd79324eb16e16c0fca2fea756db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / Being innovative in a more and more competitive market can be anything but trivial. There is a complex variables system to be taken into account throughout an innovation process, and hardly ever will there be enough data to support a research or decision. It is always possible to turn to human inference, or cognitive bias, when enough data is not available, or when time for decision-making is scarce. Consumer Insight technique has been used for this research purpose and aimed at lowering cognitive bias, seeking to find out what are consumers' wishes and needs so that decision-making or innovation could be supported. This paper proposes to mitigate the influence of cognitive bias, by means of data analysis techniques, in search for patterns which can identify opportunities to give both decision-making and search for innovation some support. In order to achive this purpose, unstructured data from 26.514 telephone talks had in a big financial market company between 01.12.2016 e 31.12.2016 have been used. Analysis has been carried out with the transcript from voice into text concomitantly with Text Mining and Social Network analysis. The results have led us to identify main client demands from a sales perspective, cancellation resquest, as well as the reason for inefficiency in offering new products from elements of higher centrality identified in the word association networks. It is implied that the combined use of analytical techniques applied to unstructured data may give rise to findings in which cognitive bias is lower. / Em um mercado cada vez mais competitivo, ser inovador pode ser um diferencial, porém não é uma atividade trivial. Existe um sistema de variáveis complexas que deve ser considerado ao longo de um processo de inovação e nem sempre há dados suficientes que suportem uma pesquisa ou decisão. A inferência humana, ou viés cognitivo, pode ser uma alternativa quando não existem dados suficientes ou quando o tempo para a tomada de decisão é menor que o necessário. A técnica de Consumer Insight foi utilizada nesta pesquisa com o objetivo de diminuir o viés cognitivo, buscando descobrir os anseios e necessidades do consumidor, para suportar o processo de tomada de decisão ou inovação. Este estudo apresenta uma proposta para mitigar a influência do viés cognitivo, a partir de técnicas de análise de dados, em busca de padrões que possam identificar as oportunidades para suportar o processo decisório ou a busca pela inovação. Neste trabalho foram utilizados dados não estruturados de 26.514 conversas telefônicas realizadas no período de 01/12/2016 a 31/12/2016, provenientes de uma empresa do mercado financeiro. A metodologia analítica consistiu na transcrição de voz para texto e no uso associado de técnicas de Text Mining e Análise de Redes Sociais. Os resultados obtidos permitiram identificar as principais demandas dos clientes na perspectiva de vendas, pedido de cancelamento e a razão da ineficiência das ofertas de novos produtos, a partir dos elementos de maior centralidade identificados nas redes de associação de palavras. Implica-se que o uso combinado de técnicas analíticas em dados não estruturados pode permitir a obtenção de achados com menor influência do viés cognitivo.

This thesis was aimed to help TeliaSonera to work more consumer related. The purpose was to show the organization how consumer insights could be found and how valuable they are for the company. The assignment consisted of two parts, to develop a process methodology for TeliaSonera which could be used when a segment analysis is to be made in the future, and to study two specific consumer segments. Main focus was to be put on mobile Internet access.The Insights Process was designed based on literature studies, information from TeliaSonera and the consumer study. The process must help TeliaSonera to generate and verify actionable consumer insights, suit the organization and be possible to complete in one week. Via a current situation analysis and by testing methods to find perceptions and ways of conducting consumer studies, different concepts were generated, based on these a final process was established. The general idea was to utilize both in-house knowledge and consumer know-hows. The process consists of twelve steps, optional minitests and one regular follow-up session. The input should be a caught opportunity and output should be actionable insights. Through in-house studies at TeliaSonera perceptions were generated within the area mobile Internet access. These were later tested in a consumer study through a questioning in Telia stores and focus group sessions with the specific segments. The main trait from the group High Status Homeowners was control. Besides that, they requested simpler handling, they are always online, and they have a need of performance and of integrity. The main request from the group Educated Metropolitans was to simplify their everyday lives. Besides that, they have a need of control, they are cost-conscious and aware and they demand Internet access everywhere. This showed that the perceptions generated from the beginning turned out to be rather true.The process turned out to be an agile tool, which will complement the current work at TeliaSonera. Enhanced with toolbox, documentation-aid and consequence guide for each step, the process is easy to follow. There is software programming that has to be done before the process can be launched / Syftet med examensarbetet var att hjälpa TeliaSonera att arbeta mer konsumentorienterat samt att visa organisationen hur man kan hitta konsumentinskikter och hur värdefulla dessa är för företaget. Uppdraget bestod av två delar, dels att utveckla en process för TeliaSonera att använda när en analys av ett kundsegment ska göras, dels att utföra en konsumentundersökning av specifika segment. Studieområdet för konsumentundersökningen var mobil internetaccess.Konsumentinsiktsprocessen baserades på litteraturstudier, information från TeliaSonera samt konsumentundersökningen som genomfördes. De krav som ställdes på processen var bland annat att den skulle hjälpa TeliaSonera att generera och verifiera användbara konsumentinsikter, vara anpassad med övrigt arbete inom organisationen samt vara möjlig att genomföra på en vecka. Processkoncept togs fram med hjälp av information från nulägesanalyser och metodtester för att identifiera spaningar och genomföra konsumentundersökningar. Processkoncepten utvärderades senare och en slutgiltig konsumentinsiktsprocess utvecklades. Grundidén med processen var att använda sig av både intern kunskap inom organisationen och konsumenternas egna kommentarer och attityder. Processen består av tolv steg, möjliga minitest och en regelbunden uppföljnings-session. Insteget i processen är en uppfångad möjlighet eller idé och utkomsten från processen är användbara konsumentinsikter. Genom interna undersökningar hos TeliaSonera hittades spaningar gällande mobil internetaccess. Dessa testades senare i konsumentundersökningar som frågeformulär i två Teliabutiker samt fyra fokusgruppsessioner med de specifika kundsegmenten. Resultatet från undersökningarna visade att det främsta behovet för segmentet High Status Homeowners var att ha kontroll. Utöver det krävde de även en enkel hantering, ständig uppkoppling, integritet och prestanda. Det främsta behovet för segmentet Educated Metropolitans var att ha ett enkelt vardagsliv. Utöver det har de också ett kontrollbehov, är kostnadsmedvetna, omvärldsmedvetna och kräver att alltid kunna vara uppkopplade mot internet överallt. Detta visar att spaningarna som identifierades internt i början av arbetet stämde överens med verkligheten. Processen utvecklades till ett agilt verktyg som kompletterar TeliaSoneras nuvarande arbete. Tack vare verktygslådor, dokumentationsformulär and konsekvensguider till varje steg är processen lätt att följa och genomföra. Innan processen kan lanseras återstår en del programmeringsarbete.

Focusing on the needs of users, design can leverage new product development process by offering insightful knowledge of those needs. This research investigates the technology development of smart homes. Design is utilised as a product research tool to identify key insights of the home life of the older adults living in the UK, and for the purpose of informing the front-end of the new product development process. The review of the literature in the field of smart homes suggests that the developments have lagged by a technology-push approach, the lack of appropriate concepts from users’ perspectives as well as the lack of development strategy, which has consequently been reflected in consumers’ reluctance towards smart homes. As a result, this doctoral research aimed to ‘develop a user-oriented product design research tool that improves the understanding of the home life of older adults.’ To achieve the aim, this research employs qualitative methodology to develop a research process that utilises the cultural probe, semi-structured interview and video tour. Informed by ethnographic tradition, this research establishes its trustworthiness and credibility by employing a thorough process of analysis (qualitative analysis with computer-assisted software NVivo 8 and peers debriefing) and evaluation (creative workshop and evaluative interview) with practitioners from the field of product design, design management and design education. The result of the field investigation is presented as ten personas and taxonomy of nodes, which form the contribution of this research, a sensitising tool and process. This research contributes a sensitising tool - a design-led, user-inspired and participatory product design research that the offers insightful knowledge of those older adults and their relationships with their homes living in the UK. This sensitising tool is developed for the smart home designers for the purpose of generating new product ideas and challenges designers’ preconception of users and smart homes, and provokes reflections on the practices of user-centred and user-participatory design, as examined in the creative workshop. In addition, this research also contributes to the growing debate surrounding the issues relating to ethnographic user research and the use of cultural probe for the design of new smart homes.

The aim of this thesis is to propose a model that explains the relationship between customer satisfaction, retention and loyalty based on service quality attributes. The three elements of satisfaction, retention and loyalty towards products represent ongoing challenges for the corporate financial performance. Customer behaviour analysis (known as business intelligence or customer relationship management or customer experience management) has become a major factor in the corporate decision making and strategic planning processes. Prevailing logic dictates that by improving service attributes one should expect better customer satisfaction levels. Consequently, improved satisfaction levels should increase the probability of customer retention and degree of loyalty. Substantial research work has been dedicated to explain the importance of customer behaviour measurement for industry. However, there is little evidence that there has been an overall integrating empirical research that relates the three elements of satisfaction, retention and loyalty with respect to service quality attributes. Empirical data collected from the UK mobile telecommunication for this research shows that such an objective model that is capable of capturing this three dimensional relationship will contribute towards more robust decision making and better strategic planning. The proposed thesis extracts the data about key service attributes from a combination of literature review, surveys, and interviews from the UK mobile telecommunication industry. Responses were analysed using multiple regression, regression analysis with dummy variables, logistic regression, logistic regression with dummy variables and structural equation modelling (SEM) to test variables and their interrelationships. This study makes a step forward and contributes to the body of knowledge as it: (a) highlights the role of service attribute performance towards customer satisfaction, consequently identifies attributes that affect satisfaction and dissatisfaction of customers, (b) maps the relationship between attribute importance and attribute performance, (c) optimise resource allocation process using importance-performance analysis (IPA), (d) classifies customers with respect to the role and length of relationship they have with the company (switching probability), and (e) describes the interrelationship between customer satisfaction, retention and loyalty. The novelty of the research lies in: (a) establishment of a framework that links service attribute performance to customer satisfaction and then to customer future intentions (customer retention and customer loyalty), and (b) provision of a model that could assist key decision makers in prudent usage of resources for maximum profitability. This dissertation presents a novel approach methodology and modelling construct for customer behaviour analysis. For proof of concept it presents a case study in the mobile telecommunication industry. It is worth noting that in this research work Customer Retention is interpreted as probability of switching between service providers. Customer Loyalty is interpreted as referral (word-of-mouth) activity by existing customers.

Seminario para optar al título de Ingeniero Comercial, Mención Administración / La creación de la supercomputadora IBM Watson se ha puesto sobre la mesa la utilización de programas que pueden analizar una gran cantidad de datos casi instantáneamente, entregando una nueva gama de herramientas para los equipos de trabajo y organizaciones en pos de mejorar su toma de decisiones estratégicas: como la selección de personal. Para esta investigación se realizó un estudio que contrastó un test de personalidad basado en las 5 grandes dimensiones de personalidad (BIG 5) con los resultados entregados por el programa de IBM para mostrar su grado de validez en un contexto cerrado y grupo acotado de participantes. Se obtuvo información de 47 estudiantes de la Facultad de Economía y Negocios de la Universidad de Chile a través de la contestación del cuestionario y el análisis psicoléxico de un ensayo personal. Los resultados muestran que: (1) La presencia de las dimensiones de Agradabilidad (A) y Neuroticismo (N) es lo que detecta con menor dificultad IBM Watson Personality Insights. (2) A pesar de las diferencias en rendimiento académico y opción de especialización, todas las dimensiones de personalidad arrojaron resultados muy similares en pesos relativos, relacionados con la cultura de la organización.

Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2019-03-13T20:32:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Leticia Reis.pdf: 1857887 bytes, checksum: c5958c1e2ba4b807200b9f42a266b1d9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-13T20:32:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Leticia Reis.pdf: 1857887 bytes, checksum: c5958c1e2ba4b807200b9f42a266b1d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Em virtude da respiração e, produção e resposta ao etileno, os frutos carnosos foram classificados em climatéricos e não-climatéricos. De maneira genérica, os frutos climatéricos são aqueles cujo amadurecimento ocorre concomitantemente a um pico na respiração e aumento na produção de etileno; são extremamente responsivos ao etileno exógeno; e são conhecidos por serem capazes de completar a maturação mesmo destacados da planta mãe, já que o ponto de maturação fisiológica antecede o ponto de colheita. Já os frutos não-climatéricos, não apresentam pico respiratório e de produção de etileno durante a maturação; não respondem ao etileno exógeno na maioria dos casos; e não são capazes de amadurecer destacados da planta mãe, já que o ponto de maturação fisiológica coincide com o ponto de colheita. Estudos realizados principalmente em tomate, modelo climatério de fruto de polpa, geraram informações importantes sobre a produção, percepção e transdução de sinal do etileno, bem como, sua influência na mudança de cor, sabor, textura e aroma dos frutos, o que possibilitou o desenvolvimento de tecnologias de produção, colheita e pós-colheita mais eficientes. Todavia, no amadurecimento de frutos não-climatéricos, embora muitos trabalhos estejam sendo realizados, ainda existem muitas questões a serem elucidadas. Dentre os frutos nãoclimatéricos, o morango (Fragaria ananassa L Dutch) é o sistema mais estudado para o entendimento do papel do etileno na regulação da maturação, incluindo vários genes relacionados com a maturação já caracterizados. Recentemente, o melão (Cucumis melo L.), vem surgindo como uma nova proposta de modelo de estudos devido a presença de variedades climatéricas e não-climatéricas, possibilitando a comparação entre frutos modelo da mesma espécie. Assim, no presente estudo, frutos de morango var ‘Albion’ ligado à planta mãe em quatro estágios de desenvolvimento (verde, branco, rosa e vermelho) foram imersos em três diferentes tratamentos (Ethephon - composto gerador de etileno, 1-MCP - inibidor de percepção de etileno, ou água - contendo solventes e diluentes), mais um controle absoluto que não recebeu tratamento. Na maturação, todos os frutos foram colhidos e avaliados para mostrar o efeito do etileno em importantes atributos físico-químicos e compostos de qualidade não voláteis. Observou-se que o tratamento com ethefon afetou a dimensão dos frutos, a firmeza, o teor de antocianinas e o teor de alguns aminoácidos. O tratamento com 1-MCP em qualquer fase de desenvolvimento não teve efeito em nenhuma das variáveis medidas. Um segundo estudo foi conduzido com melão não-climatérico (Cucumis melo var. Amarelo) para caracterizar a expressão de importantes genes do metabolismo do açúcar durante quatro estágios de desenvolvimento do fruto (verde pequeno, verde grande, mudança de cor e totalmente maduro), pois pouco se sabe sobre o metabolismo do açúcar do melão não-climatérico e também devido à suposta ligação entre o metabolismo do açúcar e a vida de prateleira desses frutos. Os genes-alvo foram escolhidos usando informações prévias de um sequenciamento RNAseq do melão Amarelo. Os genes que codificam enzimas que consomem açúcar para fornecimento de energia foram mais expressos no início do desenvolvimento, principalmente no estágio de desenvolvimento verde grande, enquanto os genes que codificam enzimas que sintetizam açúcar e / ou direcionam esse açúcar para armazenamento foram mais expressos geralmente no estágio de mudança de cor e mantendo alta expressão em frutos maduros. Ambos estudos fornecem informações importantes sobre o amadurecimento de frutos não climatéricos que podem ser usados para melhorar as tecnologias de manejo, colheita e pós-colheita no futuro. / Based on respiration, ethylene production and ethylene response, fleshy fruit are classified as climacteric or non-climacteric. Generically, climacteric fruit are those whose maturation occurs concomitantly to a peak in respiration and increase in ethylene production; are extremely responsive to exogenous ethylene; and are able to complete ripening detached from the mother plant if physiological maturation occurs prior to harvest. On the other hand, non-climacteric fruit are classified as having no respiratory peak nor rise in ethylene production during maturation; do not respond to exogenous ethylene in most cases; and are unable to ripen detached from the mother plant, since physiological ripeness must coincide with the time of harvest. Studies conducted mainly on tomatoes, a model climacteric fruit, generated important information on ethylene production, perception, and signal transduction, as well as their influence on change of color, flavor, texture and aroma, which allowed the development of more efficient production, harvesting and post-harvest technologies. However, in the maturation of non-climacteric fruits, although much research has been conducted, there are still many questions to be elucidated. Among the non-climacteric fruits, strawberry (Fragaria ananassa L. Dutch) is the most studied system for understanding the role of ethylene in ripening regulation with several genes related to ripening already characterized. Recently, the melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.), is emerging as a new model to study fruit ripening due to the presence of climatic and non-climatic cultivars, allowing the comparison of results among model fruit of the same species. Therefore, in the present study ‘Albion’ strawberry fruit on the plant at four developmental stages (Green, White, Pink and Red) were immersed in three different treatments (Ethephon – an ethylene-generating compound, 1-MCP - an ethylene perception inhibitor, or Water - containing solvents and diluents), plus one absolute control that received no treatment. At ripeness all fruit were harvested and evaluated to show the effect of ethylene on important physical-chemical attributes and non-volatile quality compounds. Ethephon treatment was observed to affect fruit dimension, firmness, anthocyanins and amino acid content. Treatment with 1-MCP at any developmental stage had no effect on any of the variables measured. A second study was conducted with a non-climacteric melon fruit (Cucumis melo cv. ‘Yellow’) to characterize the expression of important sugar metabolism genes during four fruit development stages (small green, large green, color change and full ripe) to relate sugar metabolism of non-climacteric melon with possible linkage to sugar metabolism and shelf life of these fruits. The target genes were choosen using previous information from a RNAseq sequencing of ‘Yellow’ melon. Genes encoding enzymes that metabolise sugar for energy were observed to be more expressed early in development at the large green development stage, while genes encoding enzymes that synthesize sugar and/or direct this sugar to storage were observed to be expressed later in development, at the color change and full ripe stages. Both studies provided important information about non-climacteric fruit ripening that can be used to improve management, harvest and post-harvest technologies in the future.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-01T17:05:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Perez de Britto.pdf: 2289185 bytes, checksum: c32224fdc1bfd0e47372fe52c8927cff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-01T17:05:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Perez de Britto.pdf: 2289185 bytes, checksum: c32224fdc1bfd0e47372fe52c8927cff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The use of Analytics technologies is gaining prominence in organizations exposed to pressures for greater profitability and efficiency, and to a highly globalized and competitive environment in which cycles of economic growth and recession and cycles of liberalism and interventionism, short or long, are more frequents. However, the use of these technologies is complex and influenced by conceptual, human, organizational and technologicalaspects, the latter especially in relation to the manipulation and analysis of large volumes of data, Big Data. From a bibliographicresearch on the organizational and technological perspectives, this work initially deals with theconcepts and technologies relevant to the use of Analytics in organizations, and then explores issues related to the alignment between business processes and data and information, the assessment of the potential of theuseofAnalytics, the use of Analytics in performance management, in process optimization and as decision support, and the establishment of a continuousimprovement process. Enabling at the enda reflection on the directions, approaches, referrals, opportunities and challenges related to the use of Analytics in organizations / A utilização de tecnologias de Analyticsvem ganhando destaque nas organizações expostas a pressões por maior rentabilidade e eficiência, ea um ambiente altamente globalizado e competitivo no qual ciclos de crescimento econômico e recessão e ciclos de liberalismo e intervencionismo, curtos ou longos, estão mais frequentes. Entretanto, a utilização destas tecnologias é complexa e influenciada por aspectos conceituais, humanos, organizacionais e tecnológicos, este último principalmente com relação à manipulação e análise de grandes volumes de dados, Big Data. A partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre as perspectivas organizacional e tecnológica, este trabalho trata inicialmente de conceitos e tecnologias relevantes para a utilização de Analyticsnas organizações, eem seguida explora questões relacionadas ao alinhamento entre processos organizacionaise dados e informações, à avaliação de potencial de utilização de Analytics, à utilização de Analyticsem gestão de performance, otimização de processos e como suporte à decisão, e ao estabelecimento de um processo de melhoria contínua.Possibilitandoao finaluma reflexão sobre os direcionamentos, as abordagens, os encaminhamentos, as oportunidades e os desafios relacionados àutilização de Analyticsnas organizações

Using external information to gain insights is becoming increasingly important in today’s knowledge based economies. However, from both research and practice it is somewhat unclear how organizations manage these activities. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to explore how four different organizations manage their insight creation process from external information. To do this, a literature review about insight creation is done to create an analytical framework. Based on this framework, the insight creation process is analyzed within the organizations to find characteristics of each process. Next, a cross case analysis is conducted that reveal the main differences between the organizations. The results indicate two main styles of managing the insight creation process that can be differentiated with regards to formality. As such, this paper complements previous research within the area of competitive intelligence and knowledge management in the sense that it increases the understanding of the insight creation process.

This thesis attempts to answer the research question: What are the causal mechanisms for behaviour change undergirding choice architecture (CA) interventions in alcohol use? This thesis is organised along two dimensions: conceptual and empirical. At the conceptual level, this project discusses the application of CA to public policy; the lack of consensus regarding the theory of change underpinning the relationship between CA intervention stimuli and modified behaviour; and the need for clearer understandings of the CA intervention components in relation to other behavioural interventions. At the empirical level, this project systematically reviews available CA interventions intended to reduce alcohol consumption in public drink settings and suggests new alcohol-related CA intervention strategies.