The problem of this study is to refine the "policy-capturing" model used in the selection process of interns for the Administrative Leadership Training Program in a large metropolitan school district. The subjects for this study consisted of 416 candidates over a three-year period. The statistical procedure of multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis that it would be possible to model the decision-making process so that the predictive value would be 90 per cent or higher. During the refinement process, the unique contribution of variance accounted for by each predictor variable was examined,and interactions between certain variables were tested. Two refined models were formulatedand the predictive value of each was calculated. The predictive values of all the models were less than 90 per cent; therefore, the hypothesis was rejected.

本研究旨在探討全職實習諮商心理師的全職實習適應歷程與發展的適應平衡機制，分析影響實習適應的可能影響因子，以及討論國內目前實習制度的現況。本研究以質性研究方法探究全職實習領域，以半結構式訪談蒐集研究資料，共訪談四位符合研究選取標準之全職實習諮商心理師，訪談後經分析整理，並綜合歸納探討四位研究參與者訪談資料的異同，研究結果呈現研究結論如下： 一、個別主題與階段呈現如下： （一）自我懷疑與自我成長的循環 準備期→初入實習場域→累到快死掉→挑戰→burn out→平衡機制→痛苦與成長相伴 （二）打破魔咒，長出自我的樣子 挫折經驗-產生魔咒→補強→魔咒禁錮-用力實習→挑戰→安定的力量→長出自我 （三）成為一個人 經驗分享→進入機構→磨合→衝突→適應機制→成長 （四）把自己縮小得以倖存的過程 自有適合自己的地方→格格不入→痛苦→拯救自己→平衡機制→反思 二、影響全職實習適應歷程之可能影響因素包含「實習環境」、「專業工作」、「生活面向」、「個人實習中的狀態」、「正向支持」等五個層面。 三、針對國內諮商實習現況的討論 （一）專業訓練課程中缺乏對自我照顧的重視 （二）對實習制度的反思 最後，本研究依照上述研究結果進行討論，並提出進一步的建議，以供未來全職實習諮商心理師、諮商養成訓練與外來研究作為參考。

Up to the middle of the 1970's most government policies dealing with physician manpower dealt with the problems of increasing the supply of physicians, rather than changing the geographic disparity of physicians between urban and rural areas. In 1983 the British Columbia government introduced legislation (passed in a modified form in 1985) that would restrict certain groups of physicians from obtaining Medical Service Plan billing numbers in certain areas of the province, in an attempt to change the geographic distribution of physicians in this province. Regulation is only one of a number of approaches to altering the distribution of physicians. The purpose of this study is to attempt to recommend other approaches that could be used to alter the geographic distribution of physicians, based on the factors which the residents and interns of British Columbia would consider necessary before they will establish practices in the rural areas of the province. The literature was examined to determine the present supply and distribution of physicians in the province of British Columbia. It was shown that the metropolitan areas had much higher concentrations of physicians than did the non-metropolitan regions. The literature was then searched to determine what types of policies had been used in an effort to change this geographic disparity and also to determine what factors influence physicians to locate their practices where they do. From this research a questionnaire was developed and mailed to all residents and interns registered in the University of British Columbia medical program in the academic year 1984-85. A response rate of 31.8% was obtained in this survey. It was found that many physicians were raised in large communities and planned to locate their practices in similar geographic areas to where they were raised. It was also found that the factors which the residents and interns considered to be the most important fell into the "Fixed Determinant" category, that is factors that are personal preferences of the physician. This makes it very difficult to formulate any type of non-regulatory policy to affect the geographic distribution of physicians in British Columbia / Medicine, Faculty of / Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of / Graduate

This qualitative study centered on perceptions of the quality and effectiveness of online-educated principal interns from the viewpoint of principal mentors. Six current principals who have served as mentors to both online and traditionally educated principal interns were asked to name characteristics of successful interns, to discuss to what degree those characteristics have been observed in online-educated principal interns and to share their perceptions of the quality and effectiveness of online-educated interns. The individual interview responses were analyzed and interpreted using thematic analysis. Three overarching themes emerged through data analysis: (1) the importance of certain characteristics in predicting internship success; (2) the impact of program delivery method on principal intern effectiveness; and (3) the influence of perception and bias in hiring decisions. This study may provide a better understanding of the characteristics of successful interns to universities and colleges offering principal preparation programs, which may result in a better understanding of the elements of successful interns and productive internship experiences.

本研究主要目的為探討實習諮商心理師的工作壓力、自我照顧重視知覺及自我照顧行為之間的關係。諮商心理師是個工作壓力特殊的行業，需要自我照顧來調節自己的工作壓力及維持專業服務的品質，而實習生是此工作的新手，對於其自我照顧狀態更需被關注。然而國外文獻中指出心理師有自我照顧不足的趨勢，在這樣的長期工作壓力及照顧不足的狀況下，容易令其陷入耗竭、同理疲乏等損傷的狀況。研究者認為若要增加諮商心理師的自我照顧能力或行為，在學習階段將自我照顧的概念或行為放入教育單位或實習單位的訓練中，讓實習諮商心理師知覺到其對自我照顧是重視的，應有助於諮商心理師執行自我照顧行為，此種知覺重視度的概念，稱為自我照顧重視知覺。然而國外的研究報告指出教育單位或實習單位並沒有積極提供自我照顧的相關課程或訓練，國內亦沒有探討實習諮商心理師知覺教育訓練單位對於自我照顧重視度的研究，且有關實習生的自我照顧研究亦不多，因此本研究欲探討此主題。研究者以問卷調查方式收集國內143位全職實習諮商心理師的資料，進一步以差異分析、相關分析及階層迴歸分析等統計方法來了解其現況及工作壓力、自我照顧重視知覺及自我照顧行為三者間的變項關係。 本研究結果指出:1.實習諮商心理師在實習期間有低程度的工作壓力，其中較高的是「專業角色壓力」以及「與督導有關的壓力」，而自我照顧重視知覺及自我照顧行為也皆為中等程度。2.實習於大專院校的實習諮商心理師，工作壓力顯著高於在高中/職及醫療院所實習的實習諮商心理師；另外大學畢業於心理相關科系及非相關科系的實習諮商心理師，其工作壓力顯著高於大學畢業於心理諮商本科系的實習諮商心理師。3.實習諮商心理師的工作壓力與自我照顧重視知覺之間達顯著低度負相關，工作壓力與自我照顧行為達顯著低度負相關，自我照顧重視知覺與自我照顧行為達顯著中度正相關。4.工作壓力在自我照顧重視知覺與自我照顧行為關係中具調節效果。研究者根據上述研究結果進行討論並對實務及未來研究提出建議。 / This study examined the relation between work-stress, perceptions of self-care emphasis, and self-care behavior among a convenience sample of 143 counseling psychology graduate students. Specifically, this study proposed that there would be a relation between graduate trainee’s perceptions of self-care emphasis and graduate trainee’s self-care behavior and that this relation would be modified by work-stress of the graduate trainee. A non-experimental designed examined the linear relations among the 3 variables, which were assessed by two measures modified by the authors (work-stress scale of陳俊任 (2012) and perceptions of self-care emphasis questionnaire of Goncher, Sherman, Barnett, & Haskins (2013)) and the self-care behavior scale of張吟慈 (2008). Results of this study showed that (1) graduate trainees had low level work-stress , moderate level perception of self-care emphasis , and moderate level self-care behaviors during internship , (2) The work-stress of graduate trainee intern in colleges is greater than in high school and in the hospital, and the work-stress of graduate trainees graduated from the department of non-psychology is greater than from the department of psychology , (3) there was a low level significant negative relation between work-stress and perceptions of self-care emphasis positive, a low level significant negative relation between work-stress and self-care behaviors, and a moderate level significant positive relation between perceptions of self-care emphasis and self-care behaviors, (4) The test for modification as outlined by Baron and Kenny (1986) demonstrated support by the survey data as perceptions of self-care emphasis was a positive predictor of self-care behaviors and that this relation was modified by work-stress. Implications for training programs are addressed, and recommendations for individual and systemic changes to promote a culture of self-care within graduate training in professional psychology are provided that should be helpful for promoting enhanced self-care behavior among psychology graduate students.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdalmyOA.pdf: 3019202 bytes, checksum: 652b61310237ca737b3decb6945b78be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The system built to characterize electrodes and, consequently, deposited fine films are constituted by a hollow cathode that works to discharges and low pressures (approximately 10-3 to 5 mbar), a source DC (0 to 1200 V), a cylindrical camera of closed borossilicato for flanges of stainless steel with an association of vacuum bombs mechanical and spread. In the upper flange it is connected the system of hollow cathode, which possesses an entrance of gas and two entrances for its refrigeration, the same is electrically isolated of the rest of the equipment and it is polarized negatively. In front of the system of hollow cathode there is a movable sample in stainless steel with possibility of moving in the horizontal and vertical. In the vertical, the sample can vary its distance between 0 and 70 mm and, in the horizontal, can leave completely from the front of the hollow cathode. The sample and also the cathode hollow are equipped with cromel-alumel termopares with simultaneous reading of the temperatures during the time of treatment. In this work copper electrodes, bronze, titanium, iron, stainless steel, powder of titanium, powder of titanium and sil?cio, glass and ceramic were used. The electrodes were investigated relating their geometry change and behavior of the plasma of the cavity of hollow cathode and channel of the gas. As the cavity of hollow cathode, the analyzed aspects were the diameter and depth. With the channel of the gas, we verified the diameter. In the two situations, we investigated parameters as flow of the gas, pressure, current and applied tension in the electrode, temperature, loss of mass of the electrode with relationship at the time of use. The flow of gas investigated in the electrodes it was fastened in a work strip from 15 to 6 sccm, the constant pressure of work was among 2.7 to 8 x 10-2 mbar. The applied current was among a strip of work from 0,8 to 0,4 A, and their respective tensions were in a strip from 400 to 220 V. Fixing the value of the current, it was possible to lift the curve of the behavior of the tension with the time of use. That curves esteem in that time of use of the electrode to its efficiency is maximum. The temperatures of the electrodes were in the dependence of that curves showing a maximum temperature when the tension was maximum, yet the measured temperatures in the samples showed to be sensitive the variation of the temperature in the electrodes. An accompaniment of the loss of mass of the electrode relating to its time of use showed that the electrodes that appeared the spherical cavities lost more mass in comparison with the electrodes in that didn't appear. That phenomenon is only seen for pressures of 10-2 mbar, in these conditions a plasma column is formed inside of the channel of the gas and in certain points it is concentrated in form of spheres. Those spherical cavities develop inside of the channel of the gas spreading during the whole extension of the channel of the gas. The used electrodes were cut after they could not be more used, however among those electrodes, films that were deposited in alternate times and the electrodes that were used to deposit films in same times, those films were deposited in the glass substrata, alumina, stainless steel 420, stainless steel 316, sil?cio and steel M2. As the eletros used to deposit films in alternate time as the ones that they were used to deposit in same times, the behavior of the thickness of the film obeyed the curve of the tension with relationship the time of use of the electrode, that is, when the tension was maximum, the thickness of the film was also maximum and when the tension was minimum, the thickness was minimum and in the case where the value of the tension was constant, the thickness of the film tends to be constant. The fine films that were produced they had applications with nano stick, bio-compatibility, cellular growth, inhibition of bacterias, cut tool, metallic leagues, brasagem, pineapple fiber and ornamental. In those films it was investigated the thickness, the adherence and the uniformity characterized by sweeping electronic microscopy. Another technique developed to assist the production and characterization of the films produced in that work was the caloteste. It uses a sphere and abrasive to mark the sample with a cap impression, with that cap form it is possible to calculate the thickness of the film. Through the time of life of the cathode, it was possible to evaluate the rate of waste of its material for the different work conditions. Values of waste rate up to 3,2 x 10-6 g/s were verified. For a distance of the substratum of 11 mm, the deposited film was limited to a circular area of 22 mm diameter mm for high pressures and a circular area of 75 mm for pressure strip. The obtained films presented thickness around 2,1 ?m, showing that the discharge of arch of hollow cathode in argon obeys a curve characteristic of the tension with the time of life of the eletrodo. The deposition rate obtained in this system it is of approximately 0,18 ?m/min / O sistema constru?do para caracterizar eletrodos e, conseq?entemente, filmes finos depositados ? constitu?do por um c?todo oco que trabalha a altas e baixas press?es (aproximadamente 10-3 a 5 mbar), uma fonte DC (0 a 1200 V), uma c?mara cil?ndrica de borossilicato fechada por flanges de a?o inox com uma associa??o de bombas de v?cuo mec?nica e difusora. No flange superior est? conectado o sistema de c?todo oco, o qual possui uma entrada de g?s e duas entradas para a sua refrigera??o, o mesmo est? eletricamente isolado do resto do equipamento e ? polarizado negativamente. Em frente ao sistema de c?todo oco encontra-se um porta amostra em a?o inox m?vel com possibilidade de se mover na horizontal e vertical. Na vertical, o porta amostra pode variar a sua dist?ncia entre 0 e 70 mm e, na horizontal, pode sair completamente da frente do c?todo oco. Tanto o porta amostra como o c?todo oco s?o equipados com termopares de cromel-alumel com leitura simult?nea das temperaturas durante o tempo de tratamento. Neste trabalho foram utilizados eletrodos de cobre, bronze, tit?nio, ferro, a?o inox, p? de tit?nio, p? de tit?nio e sil?cio, vidro e cer?mica. Os eletrodos foram investigados com rela??o a sua mudan?a de geometria e comportamento do plasma dentro da cavidade de c?todo oco e canal do g?s. Quanto a cavidade de c?todo oco, os aspectos analisados foram o di?metro e sua profundidade. Com o canal do g?s, verificamos o di?metro. Nas duas situa??es, investigamos par?metros como fluxo do g?s, press?o, corrente e tens?o aplicada no eletrodo, temperatura, perda de massa do eletrodo com rela??o ao tempo de uso. O fluxo de g?s investigado nos eletrodos foi fixado em uma faixa de trabalho de 15 a 6 sccm, a press?o constante de trabalho ficou entre 2.7 a 8 x 10-2 mbar. A corrente aplicada foi entre uma faixa de trabalho de 0,8 a 0,4 A, e as suas respectivas tens?es ficaram em uma faixa de 400 a 220 V. Fixando o valor da corrente, foi poss?vel levantar a curva do comportamento da tens?o com o tempo de uso. Essa curva estima em que tempo de uso do eletrodo a sua efici?ncia ? m?xima. As temperaturas dos eletrodos ficaram na depend?ncia dessa curva mostrando uma temperatura m?xima quando a tens?o era m?xima, j? as temperaturas medidas nas amostras mostraram ser sens?veis a varia??o da temperatura no eletrodo. Um acompanhamento da perda de massa do eletrodo com rela??o ao seu tempo de uso mostrou que os eletrodos que apareceram as cavidades esf?ricas perderam mais massa em compara??o aos eletrodos em que essas n?o apareceram. Esse fen?meno s? ? visto para press?es de 10-2 mbar, nestas condi??es uma coluna de plasma se forma dentro do canal do g?s e em determinados pontos fica concentrado em forma de esferas. Essas cavidades esf?ricas evoluem dentro do canal do g?s se propagando durante toda a extens?o do canal do g?s. Os eletros utilizados foram cortados depois que n?o puderam ser mais usados, no entanto entre esses eletrodos filmes que foram depositados em tempos alternados e os eletrodos que foram utilizados para depositar filmes em tempos iguais, esses filmes foram depositados nos substratos de vidro, alumina, a?o inox 420, a?o inox 316, sil?cio e a?o M2. Tanto os eletros usados para depositar filmes em tempo alternado como os que foram usados para depositar em tempos iguais, o comportamento da espessura do filme obedeceu a curva da tens?o com rela??o ao tempo de uso do eletrodo, isto ?, quando a tens?o era m?xima, a espessura do filme tamb?m foi m?xima e quando a tens?o era m?nima, a espessura foi m?nima e no caso onde o valor da tens?o foi constante, a espessura do filme tende a ficar constante. Os filmes finos que foram produzidos tiveram aplica??es com nano bast?o, bio-compatibilidade, crescimento celular, inibi??o de bact?rias, ferramenta de corte, ligas met?licas, brasagem, fibra de abacaxi e decorativos. Nesses filmes foi investigada a espessura, a ader?ncia e a uniformidade caracterizadas por microscopia eletr?nica de varredura. Outra t?cnica desenvolvida para atender a produ??o e caracteriza??o dos filmes produzidos nesse trabalho foi o caloteste. Ele se utiliza de uma esfera e abrasivo para marcar a amostra com uma impress?o de calota, com essa forma de calota ? poss?vel calcular a espessura do filme. Atrav?s do tempo de vida do c?todo, foi poss?vel avaliar a taxa de desgaste do seu material para as diferentes condi??es de trabalho. Valores de taxa de desgaste at? 3,2 x 10-6 g/s foram verificados. Para uma dist?ncia do substrato de 11 mm, o filme depositado ficou limitado a uma ?rea circular de 22 mm de di?metro para press?es altas e uma ?rea circular de 75 mm para faixa de press?o. Os filmes obtidos apresentaram espessura em torno de 2,1 ?m, mostrando que a descarga de arco de c?todo oco em arg?nio obedece a uma curva caracter?stica da tens?o com o tempo de vida do eletrodo. A taxa de deposi??o obtida neste sistema ? de aproximadamente 0,18 ?m/min

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No. of bitstreams: 1 ricci_m_me_arafcl.pdf: 912075 bytes, checksum: ba480013485ecf7b98bb56b1874453cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente estudo foi elaborado a partir de dados obtidos pela vivência da autora como licenciando bolsista do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência - PIBID no curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia UNESP, que atuou no ensino fundamental I em uma escola da rede estadual do interior paulista nos anos de 2011 e 2012. Dentre os vários enfoques referentes ao estudo da formação de professores, trabalho docente e práticas pedagógicas, linha de pesquisa a que se vincula esse projeto, a reflexão dessa experiência conduziu ao estudo das relações entre bolsista de iniciação à docência PIBID e professora colaboradora visando identificar os elementos formadores para a atuação docente provenientes da gestão da matéria e gestão da classe, relações estas, que a proposta do programa PIBID oportuniza pela interação entre o aprendizado adquirido na universidade e na escola de educação básica com o propósito de melhorar a formação inicial e continuada dos docentes. O estudo teve por objetivo identificar, analisar e discutir quais são os elementos formadores para atuação docente provenientes da gestão da matéria e da gestão de classe no âmbito da sala de aula, presentes nas relações pedagógicas socialmente compartilhadas entre bolsista de iniciação à docência e professora colaboradora no ensino fundamental: anos iniciais durante a participação no subprojeto PIBID Pedagogia. E verificar as influências decorrentes desse processo de socialização para a atuação e formação da bolsista de iniciação à docência e da professora colaboradora nessa troca de experiências, a partir do referencial teórico sobre as práticas pedagógicas e ações docentes discutidas por Gauthier et al., Gimeno Sacristán e Marcelo Garcia. O percurso metodológico baseou-se procedimentos alinhados à abordagem qualitativa de natureza empírica e revisão bibliográfica de estudos sobre o programa PIBID. Desse modo, o trabalho estruturou-se mediante leitura das fontes documentais que tratam do PIBID e do subprojeto investigado e, a coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais realizadas com uma bolsista e uma professora colaboradora. Os dados levantados foram organizados em categorias e subcategorias de análise provenientes dos processos que envolveram coleta, transcrição e a sistematização dos registros escritos das entrevistas, conforme as orientações de Laville e Dionne (1999). Com a análise dos dados foram apresentadas as principais concepções das participantes sobre as práticas pedagógicas, as tarefas didáticas específicas do ensino, a relação pedagógica socialmente compartilhada entre bolsista e professora colaboradora e as contribuições do PIBID para a iniciação à docência em Pedagogia no processo de socialização sob a perspectiva do conceito delineado de gestão da matéria e da gestão da classe. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a hipótese inicial na qual o pressuposto de que a relação pedagógica socialmente compartilhada entre bolsista de iniciação à docência e professora colaboradora, dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, possibilita ao futuro professor conhecer e reconhecer os elementos formadores específicos do ensino para realizar as futuras ações docentes em sala de aula, entretanto, diante do contato com as práticas pedagógicas para a bolsista os conhecimentos são reconhecidos e aprendidos de forma parcial, fragmentada e superficial. / This study was drawn from data obtained by the experience of the author as licensing intern of the Institutional Initiation to Teaching Program - PIBID in the Bachelor's Degree in Education at UNESP, who served in the elementary school in the countryside of São Paulo state in 2011 and 2012. Among the various approaches referring to the study of teacher education, teaching work and teaching practices, research line which this project links to, the reflection of this experience led to the study of relations between initiation to teaching intern PIBID and collaborator teacher to identify the formative elements for teaching performance from the management of the subject and class management, relations that the proposed PIBID program provides an opportunity for interaction between the knowledge acquired at university and elementary school institutions with the purpose of improving the initial and continuing training of teachers. The study aimed to identify, analyze and discuss what the formative elements for teaching performance are from the management of matter and class management within the classroom, present in pedagogical relationships socially shared between fellow initiation to teaching and collaborating professor in elementary school: early years while participating in subproject PIBID education. Also check the influences resulting from this socialization process for the work and training of initiation to teaching intern and collaborating professor in this exchange of experiences, from the theoretical framework on educational practices and teaching actions discussed by Gauthier et al., Gimeno Sacristán and Marcelo Garcia. The methodological approach was based on procedures aligned to the qualitative approach and empirical literature review of studies on the PIBID program. Thus, the work was structured by reading the documentary sources that deal with PIBID and subproject investigated, and data collection through individual semi-structured interviews with an intern and a cooperating teacher. The data collected were organized into categories and subcategories of analysis from processes involving transcription and systematization of written records of interviews, according to the guidelines of Laville and Dionne (1999). With the data analysis were presented the main ideas of the participants about the pedagogical practices, the specific educational tasks of teaching, socially shared pedagogical relationship between scholar and collaborator teacher and PIBID contributions to the initiation to teaching in pedagogy in the socialization process from the perspective of the outlined concept of management matters and management class. The results show that the initial hypothesis in which the assumption that the socially shared pedagogical relationship between initiation to teaching intern and collaborating professor, the early years of elementary school, enables the teacher to future know and recognize the specific elements that form of teaching to realize future teaching practices in the classroom, however, before the contact with the pedagogical practices for interns knowledge are recognized and learned in a partial, fragmented and superficial way.

Dans le cadre de ce travail, il est question d’analyser un corpus de néologisme épuisé dans plusieurs journaux de 19ème siècle. En effet, nous avons étudié des nouvelles formes néologiques, lexicales et syntaxiques, et les procédés de formation néologique que les journalistes avaient choisis pour faire face à la modernité que le monde arabe et du coup la langue arabe ont connue à cette époque, appelée l’époque de la renaissance où le lexique a connu un plein essor à l’aide de plusieurs procédés de formation néologique, tels l’emprunt, le changement sémantique et la création morphosyntaxique. Cet essor paraît en réalité comme le résultat nécessaire d’une alliance de deux facteurs: celui de la communauté linguistique, avec ses besoins de se renouveler sans cesse et le temps qui accentue cette nécessité; celle de créer des mots nouveaux pour répondre à ses besoins nouveaux. Nous avons traité ce sujet en trois parties : la première porte sur des problèmes théoriques de la néologie. Autrement dit, une réflexion théorique sur le phénomène même où nous avons ainsi soulevé quelques-unes des problématiques dérivant de l’analyse de la néologie, tels, l’histoire et la définition de la néologie et celle du néologisme auxquelles nous avons consacré le premier chapitre de la deuxième partie, la néologie et les approches linguistiques modernes que nous avons traitées dans le deuxième chapitre et le problème des typologies et de classifications abordé dans le troisième chapitre.La deuxième partie, quant à elle, nous l’avons consacrée à l’analyse des néologismes lexicaux de notre corpus en trois chapitres où nous avons traité dans chacun l’un des aspects de la néologie. Dans le premier, nous avons analysé les néologies de forme, d’après l’approche théorique d’A. Roman qui divise le système de l’arabe en deux sous-systèmes à savoir le système de nomination qui se préoccupe de la formation des unités lexicales simples et son jumeau le système de communication qui se charge de la formation des unités complexes. Le deuxième chapitre, nous l’avons réservé à l’analyse des autres néologismes crées par d’autres moyens du système de l’arabe. Il s’agit, dans ce cas, des néologismes sémantiques produits par des procédés sémantiques, en l’occurrence le processus tropologique, métaphore et métonymie, paratropologique, extension et resserrement de sens. Dan le troisième chapitre, nous avons étudié les néologismes venus d’autres systèmes linguistiques, en l’occurrence des termes que les journalistes ont empruntés à des langues étrangères.Dans la troisième partie, nous avons abordé le problème de néologie syntaxique en deux chapitres: dans le premier, nous avons traité les néologismes survenus dans le domaine verbal, notamment les nouvelles relations entre des modus verbaux et leurs expansions complétives. Quant au deuxième, nous y avons révélé et analysé certains changements concernant quelques fonctionnels, tels que, des coordonnants, des translatifs. / Within the framework of this work, it is question to analyze a corpus of neologism exhausted in several newspapers of 19th century this Indeed, we studied new neological, lexical and syntactical forms, and the processes of neological formation which the journalists had chosen to face the modernity which the Arabic world and the blow the Arabic language knew about this time period, called up the period of the revival where the lexicon knew a full development by means of several processes of neological formation, such the loan, the semantic change and the morphosyntactic creation. This development appears in reality as the necessary result of an alliance of two factors that of the speech community, with its needs being ceaselessly renewed and the time which stresses this necessity: that to create new words to answer These new needs. We treated this subject in three parts: The first one concerns theoretical problems of the neology.Such, the history and the definition of the neology and that of the neologism to whom we dedicated the first chapter of the second part the neology and the modern linguistic approaches which we treated in the second chapter and the problem of the typologies and the classifications approached on the third chapter.The second part, as for her, we dedicated her to the analysis of the lexical neologisms of our corpus in three chapters where we treated in each one of the aspects of the neology. In the first one, we analyzed the neologies of shape, according to the theoretical approach of A. Roman who divides the system of Arabic into two sub-systems namely the system of appointment which worries about the formation of the simple unités items and his twin the system of communication which takes care of the formation of the complex units. The second chapter, we reserved him(it) for the analysis of the other neologisms create by the other means of the system of Arabic. It is, in that case, about semantic neologisms produced by semantic processes, in this particular case the process tropologique, metaphor and metonymy, paratropologique, extension and contraction of sense. In the third chapter, we studied the neologisms come from the other linguistic systems, in this particular case the terms which the journalists borrowed from foreign languages.In the third part we approached the problem of syntactic neology in two chapters: in the first one, we treated the neologisms arisen in the verbal domain, in particular the new relations between verbal modus and their substantival expansions. As for the second, we revealed there and analyzed certain changes concerning some functional, such as, co-ordinating conjunctions, translative.

Text in English / Psychologists-in-training are often presented with textbook definitions and descriptions of individuals presenting with psychopathologies. A major challenge for such texts is to effectively convey the relational issues and interpersonal dynamics of the mental disorders. The current study explores the role of film in enhancing intern clinical psychologists’ understanding of borderline personality disorder by specifically utilising the films Sylvia and Black Butterflies. A qualitative, phenomenological study was conducted with 15 clinical psychology interns at a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Gauteng, South Africa. The collected data consisted of responses to open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews and was analysed according to an interpretive phenomenological analysis. Although the analysis was conducted inductively, the researcher also made deductive inferences from the data based on contemplations about the link between archetypes and images and learning and archetypal experiences. The importance of and connection to 21st-century learning skills, the creative learning spiral and a pedagogy of play were also taken into consideration while analysing the data. The findings of the current study suggest the ability of the two films to draw one in and to cause one to emotionally connect with the characters. Furthermore, films form an opportunity for trainees to practice psychodynamic formulations and not only focus on biological reductionisms of the disorder. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

The professional development of a career counselling intern on a satellite campus at a distance education institution was facilitated with the use of a heutagogic learning strategy. The heutagogic learning process was recorded by reflective writing based on Kolb's experiential learning model. This research is a disquisition of the reflective dataset. The research is an autoethnographic case study in the constructionist paradigm with a creative analysis process. During the research process features about the benefits of heutagogic learning in the professional development of the career counselling intern were critically constructed. The findings of the research are captured in memescapes showing mindset changes and mental transformations on patterns which describe the theory-praxis gap, diversity, wellness, the macro-ethic. The recommendations include the hope that these findings will feed through to inform future career counselling internships in the IOP field. / Industrial & Organisational Psychology / MCom (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)