This thesis puts forward a novel way of control for robotic morphologies. Taking inspiration from Behaviour Based robotics and self-organisation principles, we present an interfacing mechanism, capable of adapting both to the user and the robot, while enabling a paradigm of intuitive control for the user. A transparent mechanism is presented, allowing for a seamless integration of control signals and robot behaviours. Instead of the user adapting to the interface and control paradigm, the proposed architecture allows the user to shape the control motifs in their way of preference, moving away from the cases where the user has to read and understand operation manuals or has to learn to operate a specific device. The seminal idea behind the work presented is the coupling of intuitive human behaviours with the dynamics of a machine in order to control and direct the machine dynamics. Starting from a tabula rasa basis, the architectures presented are able to identify control patterns (behaviours) for any given robotic morphology and successfully merge them with control signals from the user, regardless of the input device used. We provide a deep insight in the advantages of behaviour coupling, investigating the proposed system in detail, providing evidence for and quantifying emergent properties of the models proposed. The structural components of the interface are presented and assessed both individually and as a whole, as are inherent properties of the architectures. The proposed system is examined and tested both in vitro and in vivo, and is shown to work even in cases of complicated environments, as well as, complicated robotic morphologies. As a whole, this paradigm of control is found to highlight the potential for a change in the paradigm of robotic control, and a new level in the taxonomy of human in the loop systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:32:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ellen Lucas Rozante.pdf: 4086830 bytes, checksum: 2f6d3f5d94934b71ec1a23d7aaa73450 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research aimed to investigate how the senses were educated in the school in order that people were promptly inserted into the social world, since the school has contributed to the ordering and organization of society through disciplinary education of the body. More specifically, this work aimed to study the education in the intuitive method, highlighting the importance of senses and their training by this method; it also tried to detect pedagogical practices, especially in isolated schools that kept the education of body, in a time when it was necessary teaching the control of emotional reactions at the same time that the instruction was needed for a peaceful political participation, besides checking, through the lessons of things , how the notion of experience structured the education of the senses. The thematic delimitation of this research is the education of the senses through the intuitive method, that was discussed and inserted into the educational context at the end of the nineteenth century, as a model of renovation and modernization of education in the early years of the Republic. The spatial area was the province of São Paulo, because it has extreme responsibility in spreading the intuitive method in primary education, prescribing it as official teaching method, besides being presented as the birthplace of the modern school. The time delimitation of this research was the closing years of the nineteenth century, highlighting the nascent republic in 1889 until around 1910, when the new model has been consolidated, even to the point where its crisis started. The guiding questions were: If the intuitive method has been the symbol of renewal in the Brazilian nascent republic, and a way to conform, civilize and modernize the republican citizen, how was characterized the education of the senses that it preached so much? If this method was based on intuition by the senses, i.e. by direct contact with things, with its perception by intuition, manipulation and experimentation, aiming to gradually introduce arguments, how would be this education of the senses in the intuitive method? How was the teaching of seeing, hearing, smelling, touching and tasting in the prescriptions and pedagogical practices? The hypothesis that guided this study is: there was a training of the senses through the intuitive method, which should form and conform a new man. We can understand that such training was not random: seeing, hearing, smellin, feeling (touching) and tasting were not seen as a casual education, but they were rather channeled and hierarchically ranked, in order to configurate the experiences and sensibilities required for the Nation. The documental corpus of this research was formed by three sets of documents. The criteria division of this set were: first, bibliographies produced in that period, as the manual First Lessons of Things by Norman Alison Calkins, Dictionnaire de Pédagogie by Ferdinand Buisson, Reform of Primary Education by Rui Barbosa and some textbooks and reading books. The second set of sources for this work was the pedagogical press of that period, more precisely the Eschola Publica Magazine (1893-1896) and the Teaching Magazine of Benevolent Association of Public Professorship of São Paulo (1902-1919). Finally, the last set of sources were documents relating to Public Instruction, found in the collections of the State Archives of São Paulo (AESP), such as reports of public school teachers, inspectors and schoolmasters, beside several letters and inventorial materials. The investigation concluded that, considering the speeches on streamlining and scientificity in that period, the intuitive method honored modern aspirations, i.e. educating and civilizing. The senses were methodically arranged, converging into an objective education. Among prescriptions idealized, the isolated practices in schools were according to the possibilities for those who were not civilized in kindness of gestures or politeness habits. At least they fulfilled the maintenance of social order / Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de investigar como os sentidos foram educados dentro da escola para que sujeitos fossem prontamente inseridos no mundo social, já que a escola tem contribuído na ordenação e organização da sociedade, por meio da educação disciplinar do corpo. Mais especificamente, objetivou estudar a educação no método intuitivo destacando a importância dos sentidos e seu adestramento por este método; detectar as práticas pedagógicas, principalmente nas escolas isoladas, que levavam a educação do corpo, num período em que era necessário ensinar a controlar as reações emotivas ao mesmo tempo em que a instrução era necessária para a participação política, mas pacífica; e ainda verificar por meio das lições de coisas, como a noção de experiência estruturava a educação dos sentidos. O recorte temático desta pesquisa é a educação dos sentidos por meio do método intuitivo que foi debatido e inserido no contexto educacional ao final do século XIX, como modelo de renovação e modernização do ensino nos anos iniciais da República. O recorte espacial foi a província de São Paulo por entender que esta tem extrema responsabilidade na divulgação do método intuitivo no ensino primário, prescrevendo-o como método de ensino oficial, e ser apresentada como o berço da escola moderna. O recorte temporal desta pesquisa foi os anos finais do século XIX, evidenciando a nascente república em 1889, até por volta de 1910, época em que o novo modelo já está consolidado, ao ponto em que começou, inclusive, a entrar em crise. As questões norteadoras foram: Se o método intuitivo foi o símbolo da renovação na nascente república brasileira, meio para se conformar, civilizar e modernizar o cidadão republicano, como era caracterizado a educação dos sentidos que ele tanto apregoava? Se este método se baseava na intuição pelos sentidos, ou seja, pelo contato direto com as coisas, sua percepção pela intuição, manipulação e experimentação, para, então, gradativamente, introduzir raciocínios, como seria esta educação dos sentidos no método intuitivo? Como se dava o ensino do olhar, ouvir, cheirar, tocar e degustar nas prescrições e práticas pedagógicas? A hipótese que norteou o trabalho é que houve um adestramento dos sentidos por meio do método intuitivo, este que deveria formar e conformar um novo homem. Compreende-se que tal adestramento não foi aleatório, o ver, ouvir, cheirar, sentir (tocar) e degustar não eram vistos como uma educação casual, mas foram sim, canalizados e hierarquizados para a configuração das experiências e das sensibilidades requeridas para a Nação. O corpus documental para esta pesquisa foi formado por três conjuntos de documentos. Os critérios para divisão deste conjunto foram: primeiramente, bibliografias produzidas no período, como o manual Primeiras Lições de Coisas de Norman Alison Calkins, Dictionnaire de Pédagogie de Ferdinand Buisson, a Reforma do Ensino Primário de Rui Barbosa e algumas cartilhas e livros de leitura. Segundo conjunto de fontes do trabalho é a imprensa pedagógica do período, mais precisamente a Revista Eschola Publica (1893-1896) e a Revista de Ensino da Associação Beneficente do professorado Publico de São Paulo (1902-1919). Finalmente, o último conjunto de fontes foram os documentos referentes à Instrução Pública encontrados no acervo do Arquivo do Estado de São Paulo (AESP), tais como: relatórios de professores públicos, inspetores e diretores de escolas, ofícios diversos e inventário de materiais. A investigação concluiu que diante dos discursos sobre a racionalização e a cientificidade no período, o método intuitivo laureou aspirações modernas: educar e civilizar. Os sentidos foram metodicamente organizados confluindo em uma educação objetiva. Entre prescrições idealizadas, as práticas nas escolas isoladas foram as possíveis, para aqueles que não foram civilizados na delicadeza dos gestos ou na polidez dos hábitos, pelo menos cumpriu-se a manutenção da ordem social

This project has been carried out in cooperation with Volvo Construction Equipment. A new control intended to give an intuitive understanding for the new generation of operators of how to handle the motor grader has been developed. The project includes parts of the development process, idea to finished concept. The project started with a thorough study of the functions of motor graders not only those built by Volvo but also those from the biggest competitors. Interviews were made with operators about today’s and future controls of graders. In comparison the competitors seem to offer better controls both from ergonomic and cognitive points of view. Hitherto too little interest has been focused by design engineers in problems of the operators. Operators are exposed to wear and tear when driving the graders and they also have difficulties driving the machines all because of the design of the manoeuvring device. From the start to the final concept a great variety of people has been involved in this project e.g. young and old operators, scientists and constructors resulting in a large spread of ideas. The final concept is a new thinking control with respect to the combination of functionality, ergonomics and intuitivety. / Detta projekt har gjorts i samarbete med Volvo Construction Equipment. En ny kontroll har utvecklats som syftar till att ge en intuitiv förståelse för nästa generations väghyvelförare om hur väghyveln hanteras. Projektet inkluderar delar av designprocessen, idé till färdigt koncept. Projektet inleddes med en grundlig studie av väghyvelns funktioner, inte bara de som Volvo tillhandahåller utan även konkurrenternas. Intervjuer hölls med operatörer med frågor om dagens manövrering och framtida lösningar. I jämförelse förefaller det som att konkurrenterna tillhandahåller bättre lösningar på kontrollen ur ergonomiska och kognitiva perspektiv. Tidigare har de problem som operatören upplever inte varit i fokus i produktutvecklingsprocessen. Operatörer riskerar förslitningsskador när de kör väghyveln. De har, på grund av utformningen av styrenheten, även svårigheter att manövrera väghyveln samtidigt som de kör. Redan från start har en stor variation av människor varit inblandade i projektet t.ex. yngre och äldre förare, forskare och konstruktörer. Detta har resulterat i en stor spridning av idéer. Slutkonceptet är en nytänkande kontroll med avseende på kombination av funktionalitet, ergonomi och intuitivitet.

Aim of the study is to focus on pupils' perceive of challenging probability problems within the second stage of primary school (age 12-15), especially aimed at pupils' mental blocks in intuitive and false beliefs or conjectures on the probability of events. The theoretical part of the thesis defines basic terms correlated with propedeutics of probability. The practical part of the work pursues intuitive solving of the challenging probability problems, especially of the Monty Hall problem. In the thesis research will be applied: the questionnaire method, tasks including probability problems, (group) work observation and examination of reasoning behind the probability problems followed by interviews with pupils focused on probability misconception phenomena. Findings of this study will be based on collected data analytics and a résumé of pupils' preconceptions about the field of probability and their ability to accept reeducation to their own-made misconceptions. KEYWORDS: Preconceptions, Misconceptions, Probability, Intuitive Ideas, Primary school

This qualitative study sets out to explore the experiences of secondary school students while they are learning mathematics in school. By using student stories of learning mathematics as my main data collection method I began to understand the view of mathematics that my students were constructing as they negotiated the complicated terrain that I know as the mathematics classroom. This method of student stories to communicate student voice was selected by me to allow the students the freedom to express themselves in a variety of comfortable, differentiated formats. My methodological approach evolved as the action research phases progressed, allowing for methodological inventiveness (Dadds and Hart 2001). This was a deliberate decision by me so that my research progress could be best served by a suitable methodological approach. The end result was a qualitative study that embraced a living theory model of action research (McNiff 2013), where practitioners can develop their own personal theories of practice (Whitehead 1999). Within this action research structure I used a narrative approach, considering narratives both as a data collection method and as a transformative phenomenon. Using the ideas of narrative research for data collection, I facilitated storytelling workshops with my students, collecting stories to inform the research interest. In this research, using narratives was also considered as a phenomenon because of their influence in allowing authors to model and re-model their experiences through their stories. I found that considering narrative as phenomenon complemented and supported a portraiture methodological stance (Lawrence-Lightfoot 2005). Narrative as a phenomenon also became apparent by the influence the student stories had on my 9 ability to understand my classroom and my subsequent teaching practice. To analyse the story data I utilised the ideas of Anderson (2011) who developed a transpersonal research method that incorporates the researcher's intuition, emotional and personal capacities into the research process. By using a multi-method approach of thematic analysis, symbolic interactionist perspective, input from colleagues and my reflexive intuition, I formed an analysis of the data that could be used to look at similarities and trends in the student stories. In addition, working with the student stories encouraged levels of empathy between the reader and the student author that transformed classroom practice and understandings. There are several ways that this thesis can contribute to practice. Firstly this research develops a pedagogical tool that encourages student voice, celebrates individuality and helps create an approachable interface between mathematics teacher and student. Secondly, it models how this way of working could be used to inform the practice of the classroom teacher by developing a deeper understanding of their students. Thirdly, the identification of particular themes is invaluable to subject department development and planning, and these themes can feed into a department and whole school ethos. Finally, it models a form of action research that encourages critical reflexive practice and utilises the knowledge, experience and intuition of the researcher with the sole purpose of improving the experiences of their students.

Submitted by Paulo Junior (paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-06-09T21:11:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ELENICE.pdf: 646305 bytes, checksum: 9c31b8322ae9f106bc61e87c1629ed2b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Paulo Junior(paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-06-09T21:12:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ELENICE.pdf: 646305 bytes, checksum: 9c31b8322ae9f106bc61e87c1629ed2b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-06-10T14:28:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ELENICE.pdf: 646305 bytes, checksum: 9c31b8322ae9f106bc61e87c1629ed2b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-31 / This study aimed to identify and to analyze how managers of financial institutions recognize the use of intuition in decision-making process. It has also been investigated about whether intuitive knowledge are relevant or not to those managers, based on the assumption that bank managers perceive and use the intuitive dimension of knowledge, beyond the rational dimension of knowledge in their decision-making. It has been developed a research based on decision-making Theory and also on current studies on Intuition field available on published scientific literature. It has been done an academic literature research and also a field research, based on description and explanation, in a qualitative approach. The study collected qualitative data from 31 managers of financial institutions in their workplace. Those managers attended an Evoking Word Test, an interview and also answered to a previously prepared questionnaire with questions based on decision-making and intuition studies as research instruments. The result revealed that there is a relationship between the concept of intuition assumed by those managers and the concept of intuition studies. It has also been revealed that those managers have a clear perception that using intuition is important when it comes to decision-making and they actually appreciate that kind of knowledge. The result of the use of their intuition on decision-making are experience, feeling, hit, risk. It was confirmed that managers of financial institutions take into account their intuition when it comes to decisionmaking and that practice promote the growth of their effectiveness in the workplace. / Este estudo busca identificar e analisar de que forma gestores de instituições financeiras percebem o uso da intuição no processo decisório. Busca, também, identificar o grau de importância que é dada por esses gestores ao conhecimento intuitivo, partindo da suposição de que gestores bancários percebem e utilizam-se do conhecimento intuitivo, além do conhecimento racional nas suas tomadas de decisão. Para tanto, fez-se o levantamento da teoria da decisão e estudos sobre intuição na literatura disponível. O trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com finalidade descritiva e explicativa, e em relação aos meios foi bibliográfica e de campo. A pesquisa de campo foi feita com 31 gestores de organizações financeiras, realizadas no próprio local de trabalho. Os gestores foram submetidos ao teste de evocação de palavras, concederam entrevista e responderam a questionário previamente elaborado com questões retiradas das diferentes abordagens teóricas sobre intuição consultadas. O resultado revela que há uma relação entre o conceito de intuição apresentado pelos gestores e o conceito que aparece na literatura. Revela também que os gestores apresentam clara percepção quanto ao uso da intuição na decisão, dando grande valor a esse conhecimento. As formas de percepção do uso da intuição na decisão aparecem como experiência, sensação, acerto, risco. Constatou-se que os executivos levam em consideração a intuição para tomar suas decisões e que essa prática favorece a produtividade de seu trabalho.

A seguinte pesquisa abordará o museu do antigo Instituto São José e suas imagensartefatos para o ensino dos tipos raciais humanos. Em levantamento realizado em museus e acervos localizados em espaços escolares na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre verificou-se no acervo da instituição Lassalista localizada em Canoas, a presença de bustos de gesso, representações dos diferentes tipos humanos. A partir deste dado empírico, algumas inquietações surgem em relação aos usos pedagógicos destas cabeças raciais e de como eram utilizadas no ensino. No momento do surgimento dos museus escolares no interior das escolas normais, teorias estavam povoando as discussões dos intelectuais da educação. A Poligenia teve influência nas escolas republicanas brasileiras que no momento moldavam seus currículos. Postulava sobre a existência de diferentes tipos humanos, cuja determinação se comprovava pela relação ou ação de vários genes na espécie. A diferença entre as raças superiores e as inferiores, que seriam fadadas à incivilidade e não poderiam ser responsabilizadas pelos seus atos contraventores eram verificáveis pela ciência. No Brasil, estas discussões teóricas contribuíram para o fortalecimento de uma interpretação sobre a existência de uma raça ideal, desejada à sociedade e justificada sob os prismas científico-biológicos, onde os comportamentos humanos passam a ser gradativamente encarados como resultado imediato de leis naturais e biológicas. Assim, o objetivo desta dissertação é verificar e analisar a utilização das imagens-artefatos (bustos e impressos) no ensino do antigo Instituto São José (La Salle/Canoas), e suas possíveis relações com o método intuitivo. Este estudo supõe que além dos bustos havia outros objetos, tais como os impressos dos livros que eram utilizados com vistas a aproximar os alunos dos tipos raciais, cuja caracterização embasava-se nas teorias científicas do contexto. Para isso, foram analisadas ainda as documentações institucionais, tais como Relatórios de Inspeção, Memórias dos irmãos, Currículos programáticos e demais documentos que exibissem as práticas educativas dos Lassalistas de Canoas. Como resultados pode-se concluir na ampla difusão de imagens sobre os tipos raciais humanos, aliadas à metodologia intuitiva, para o ensino escolar. Essas imagens, sejam bustos ou impressas em livros, foram relevantes para o ensino dos tipos humanos, aproximando os educandos da temática racialista através dos sentidos. / The following research will address the old museum Institute of São José and your images-artifacts for the teaching of human racial types. In a survey conducted in museums and collections located in school spaces in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre there was in the collection of the Lassalista institution located in Canoas, the presence of plaster busts, representations of different human types. From this empirical data, some concerns arise in relation to the pedagogical uses of these racial heads and how they were used in teaching. At the time of emergence of the school museums within the normal schools, theories were populating the discussions of intellectual education. The Polygeny had influence in Brazilian republican schools at the time shaped their curriculum. Posited on the existence of different human types, whose determination is proved by the relationship or action of various genes in the species. The difference between the superior and inferior races, which would be doomed to incivility and could not be held accountable for their acts offenders were verifiable by science. In Brazil, these theoretical discussions contributed to the strengthening of an interpretation of the existence of an ideal race, desired to society and justified under the scientific-biological prisms, where human behavior become gradually regarded as an immediate result of natural and biological laws. The objective of this work is to check and analyze the use of images, artifacts (busts and printed) in the teaching of the old São José Institute (La Salle/Canoas) and its possible relations with the intuitive method. This study assumes that in addition to the busts were other objects, such as printed books that were used in order to bring together students of racial types, whose characterization underlay on the scientific theories of context. For this, they also analyzed the institutional documentation, such as inspection reports, Memories of the brothers, programmatic resumes and other documents that exhibited the educational practices of Canoas Lasallian. As a result it can be concluded in the wide dissemination of images on human racial types, combined with the intuitive methodology for schools. These images are busts or printed in books, they were relevant to the teaching of human types, approaching the students of racialist issue through the senses.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-01-27T13:19:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1737501 bytes, checksum: 0da03498d000ae35f886f1a59b9371ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-27T13:19:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1737501 bytes, checksum: 0da03498d000ae35f886f1a59b9371ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This Thesis performs a search about the Intuitive Teaching method used in Brazil at the end of the nineteenth century, and on its proposal in seeking the reversal of the inefficiency of school education offered to the popular classes. In order to deepen the discussion, we chose the Didactic Manual by Norman Allison Calkins, First Lessons of Things, based on the educational initiatives of Henri Pestalozzi. The choice of the Manual was formed from the Thesis argument, that it was a unique and innovative proposal, which involved not only a method, but a pedagogical theory that waved as the possibility of opposition to the dominant society, until then, had as a means of access to knowledge. Using a dynamic open to knowledge and to the student's emotions, without neglecting the intellectual knowledge, the philosophical theory of the method presents a way of overcoming the educational tradition, very attached to traditional teaching, which did not seek to open ways to the student's knowledge, dialogue, and reflection. In argumentative detachment of Thesis, was being imposed a way that prioritized deepened the educational conceptions of Renaissance humanism and other, present in the theoretical ideas that direct their criticism of the teaching bookish , abstract and pedantic, such as Rabelais (1493-1553), Montaigne ( 1553 -1592 ), taken over by Comenius ( 1592-1670 ) and Rousseau ( 1712-1778 ). In the investigative process, there was the relationship of the fundamentals of intuitive method contained in the Calkins‟ proposed with the principles of Popular Education, under Freire's perspective, taking care to evidence approaches and detachment. As a result, it is concluded that in both proposals are present critical to the model of access to systematic knowledge dominant; both prioritize the encouragement of the student's curiosity and "things" of their world. The educator's role, as such proposals, is the proponent of educating the adventure of learning and cultivating their sensitivity. The intuitive method presents an accessible and necessary proposal to the educator, especially in popular education practices, because it provides the learner to improve its perception of skills and action‟s qualification. This feature helps you to see, hear, feel and intuit more and better about and from their world, since its opening to dialogue and reflection enables an intellectualized education, so necessary nowadays. / A presente Tese realiza uma pesquisa sobre o método de Ensino Intuitivo utilizado no Brasil, no final do século XIX, e sobre a sua proposta na busca pela reversão da ineficiência do ensino escolar oferecido às classes populares. Com o objetivo de aprofundar a discussão, escolheu-se o Manual Didático de Norman Allison Calkins, Primeiras Lições de Coisas, fundamentado nas iniciativas pedagógicas de Henri Pestalozzi. A escolha do referido Manual se constituiu a partir do argumento de Tese, de que nele havia uma proposta original e inovadora, que envolvia não apenas um método, mas uma teoria pedagógica que acenava como possibilidade de oposição ao que a sociedade dominante, até então, apresentava como modo de acesso ao conhecimento. Utilizando-se de uma dinâmica aberta aos saberes e às emoções do educando, sem desprezar o saber intelectual, a teoria filosófica do método apresentava um caminho de superação à tradição educativa, muito presa ao ensino tradicional, que não procurava abrir caminhos aos saberes do educando, ao diálogo, à reflexão. Nos fundamentos argumentativos da Tese, foi sendo imposto um caminho que priorizou e aprofundou as concepções educacionais do humanismo renascentista e outros, presentes nas ideias de teóricos que direcionavam suas críticas ao ensino livresco, abstrato e verbalista, como: Rabelais (1493-1553), Montaigne (1553-1592), retomadas por Comenius (1592-1670) e Rousseau (1712-1778). No processo investigativo, fez-se a relação dos fundamentos do método intuitivo contidos na proposta de Calkins com os princípios da Educação Popular, sob a perspectiva freireana, cuidando de evidenciar aproximações e distanciamentos. Como resultado, concluiu-se que em ambas as propostas estão presentes críticas ao modelo de acesso ao saber sistematizado dominante; ambas priorizam o incentivo da curiosidade do educando e das “coisas” do seu mundo. O papel do educador, conforme tais propostas é o de incentivador do educando na aventura de aprender e no cultivo de sua sensibilidade. O método intuitivo apresenta uma proposta acessível e necessária ao educador, em especial, nas práticas de educação popular, porque propicia ao educando o aprimoramento de suas capacidades de percepção e qualificação da ação. Esta característica o ajuda a ver, ouvir, sentir e intuir mais e melhor sobre e a partir de seu mundo, uma vez que sua abertura ao diálogo e à reflexão viabiliza uma educação intelectualizada, tão necessária na contemporaneidade.

A seguinte pesquisa abordará o museu do antigo Instituto São José e suas imagensartefatos para o ensino dos tipos raciais humanos. Em levantamento realizado em museus e acervos localizados em espaços escolares na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre verificou-se no acervo da instituição Lassalista localizada em Canoas, a presença de bustos de gesso, representações dos diferentes tipos humanos. A partir deste dado empírico, algumas inquietações surgem em relação aos usos pedagógicos destas cabeças raciais e de como eram utilizadas no ensino. No momento do surgimento dos museus escolares no interior das escolas normais, teorias estavam povoando as discussões dos intelectuais da educação. A Poligenia teve influência nas escolas republicanas brasileiras que no momento moldavam seus currículos. Postulava sobre a existência de diferentes tipos humanos, cuja determinação se comprovava pela relação ou ação de vários genes na espécie. A diferença entre as raças superiores e as inferiores, que seriam fadadas à incivilidade e não poderiam ser responsabilizadas pelos seus atos contraventores eram verificáveis pela ciência. No Brasil, estas discussões teóricas contribuíram para o fortalecimento de uma interpretação sobre a existência de uma raça ideal, desejada à sociedade e justificada sob os prismas científico-biológicos, onde os comportamentos humanos passam a ser gradativamente encarados como resultado imediato de leis naturais e biológicas. Assim, o objetivo desta dissertação é verificar e analisar a utilização das imagens-artefatos (bustos e impressos) no ensino do antigo Instituto São José (La Salle/Canoas), e suas possíveis relações com o método intuitivo. Este estudo supõe que além dos bustos havia outros objetos, tais como os impressos dos livros que eram utilizados com vistas a aproximar os alunos dos tipos raciais, cuja caracterização embasava-se nas teorias científicas do contexto. Para isso, foram analisadas ainda as documentações institucionais, tais como Relatórios de Inspeção, Memórias dos irmãos, Currículos programáticos e demais documentos que exibissem as práticas educativas dos Lassalistas de Canoas. Como resultados pode-se concluir na ampla difusão de imagens sobre os tipos raciais humanos, aliadas à metodologia intuitiva, para o ensino escolar. Essas imagens, sejam bustos ou impressas em livros, foram relevantes para o ensino dos tipos humanos, aproximando os educandos da temática racialista através dos sentidos. / The following research will address the old museum Institute of São José and your images-artifacts for the teaching of human racial types. In a survey conducted in museums and collections located in school spaces in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre there was in the collection of the Lassalista institution located in Canoas, the presence of plaster busts, representations of different human types. From this empirical data, some concerns arise in relation to the pedagogical uses of these racial heads and how they were used in teaching. At the time of emergence of the school museums within the normal schools, theories were populating the discussions of intellectual education. The Polygeny had influence in Brazilian republican schools at the time shaped their curriculum. Posited on the existence of different human types, whose determination is proved by the relationship or action of various genes in the species. The difference between the superior and inferior races, which would be doomed to incivility and could not be held accountable for their acts offenders were verifiable by science. In Brazil, these theoretical discussions contributed to the strengthening of an interpretation of the existence of an ideal race, desired to society and justified under the scientific-biological prisms, where human behavior become gradually regarded as an immediate result of natural and biological laws. The objective of this work is to check and analyze the use of images, artifacts (busts and printed) in the teaching of the old São José Institute (La Salle/Canoas) and its possible relations with the intuitive method. This study assumes that in addition to the busts were other objects, such as printed books that were used in order to bring together students of racial types, whose characterization underlay on the scientific theories of context. For this, they also analyzed the institutional documentation, such as inspection reports, Memories of the brothers, programmatic resumes and other documents that exhibited the educational practices of Canoas Lasallian. As a result it can be concluded in the wide dissemination of images on human racial types, combined with the intuitive methodology for schools. These images are busts or printed in books, they were relevant to the teaching of human types, approaching the students of racialist issue through the senses.

abstract: The main objective of this project was to create a framework for holistic ideation and investigate the technical issues involved in its implementation. In previous research, logical ideation methods were explored, ideation states were identified, and tentative set of ideation blocks with strategies were incorporated in an interactive software testbed. As a subsequent study, in this research, intuitive methods and their strategies were investigated and characterized, a framework to organize the components of ideation (both logical and intuitive) was devised, and different ideation methods were implemented based on the framework. One of the major contributions of this research is the method by which information passes between different ideation methods. Another important part of the research is that a framework to organize ideas found by different methods. The intuitive ideation strategies added to the holistic test bed are reframing, restructuring, random connection, force connection, and analogical reasoning. A computer tool facilitating holistic ideation was developed. This framework can also be used as a research tool to collect large amounts of data from designers about their choice of ideation strategies, and assessment of their effectiveness. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Mechanical Engineering 2012