International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / In response to the need to analyze and report upon Electronic Warfare (EW) test data results in a comprehensive and uniform manner, the Mission Analysis and Reporting System (MARS) has been developed. MARS is a government owned PC based Windows application designed for rapid analysis and reporting upon EW test mission data. MARS currently performs Jammer Effectiveness ( Reduction In Lethality, Increase In Survivability, Reduction In Shot, and Reduction In Hit), Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) System performance (Threat ID, Response Time/Ageout, and Direction Finding (DF) Accuracy), and Tracking Error Statistics. Additionally, MARS produces several graphical outputs including polar plotting, dynamic strip charting, Cumulative Distribution Functions (CDF), and RWR Simulated Scope. Continual development and maintenance of MARS at the Air Force Development Test Center, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, has provided a proven product used by numerous DT&E and OT&E test projects over the last four years.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:22:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juana Ribeiro Diniz.pdf: 1256050 bytes, checksum: 71675c4524e8ec274f886cf92c419cc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-24 / This work has as its study object the culture jamming, a form of contemporary activism which, through practices that blend various art techniques and a boyish trick spirit, subverts advertising messages and leads to situations that criticize media culture and the branding process that this culture helps to produce. The question more frequently discussed about jammer performances regards its revolutionary efficacy. Thus, this research intends to make an analysis of the possibilities that the cyberspace opens, as a new format, to the jammer creation. It begins delineating a panorama of jammer performance, using as major references the analyses of the following authors: Kalle Lasn, Mark Dery and Naomi Klein. The next chapter contextualizes the culture jamming in the cyberspace, using André Lemos', Lúcia Santaella's and Pierre Lévy's theories on such matter. Supported by studies about the aesthetics of technology, it was possible to draw a profile of the jammer aesthetic in the cyberspace and, in this way, to analyze some examples in order to compare their approach in the real space and the virtual one. For this topic, Derrick Kerckhove's, Lúcia Santaella's and Pierre Lévy's theories were used. The examples were chosen regarding the necessity to analyze both their diversity as their repercussion. So, the comparative analyses lead us to remark that the jammer creation in the cyberspace is still coy and not completely aware of the full possibilities offered by it. And because of the complex and dynamic aspects of the web environment, it is difficult to foresee or indicate the entire range of possibilities that the cyberspace has to offer to jammer creation. However, this research leads to believe that the better source to increase and explore the creativity inside the cyberspace is in the paths that have been opened by the cyberart. It is a longtime bet, but everything indicates that the more familiar the jammers get with the virtual space, more capable they will become to explore all the creative aspects granted by the cyberspace / O trabalho proposto aqui tem como objeto de pesquisa a culture jamming que pode ser compreendida como uma forma de ativismo contemporâneo que, através de práticas que misturam diversas técnicas artísticas e o espírito de molecagem, subvertem mensagens publicitárias e criam situações que resultam em uma crítica à cultura midiatizada e às imagens das marcas que esta ajuda a construir. A questão em debate mais recorrente sobre a atuação jammer se refere à sua eficiência revolucionária. Na busca por pistas que contribuam e, juntamente com outros estudos, indiquem uma resposta mais confiável para tal debate, este trabalho se propôs a realizar uma análise do potencial que o ciberespaço abre, como um novo formato, para a criação jammer. Com este objetivo, inicialmente foi traçado um panorama da atuação jammer, utilizando como principais referências as descrições dos seguintes autores: Kalle Lasn, Mark Dery e Naomi Klein. Em seguida, um capítulo foi dedicado à contextualização da culture jamming no ciberespaço, utilizando como embasamento teórico André Lemos, Lúcia Santaella e Pierre Lévy nas considerações referentes ao ciberespaço. Através dos estudos sobre a estética tecnológica, foi possível se traçar um perfil da estética jammer dentro do ciberespaço e assim analisar alguns exemplos de forma comparativa, confrontando a sua abordagem no espaço presencial e no virtual. Os pressupostos teóricos para tanto vieram principalmente das leituras de Derrick Kerckhove, Lúcia Santaella e Pierre Lévy. A escolha das amostras levou em consideração a necessidade de analisar exemplos diversificados tanto em formato, quanto em graus de repercussão. Com as observações encontradas nessa análise comparativa foi possível identificar que a criação jammer no ciberespaço ainda se mostra tímida e não totalmente familiarizada com as novas possibilidades estéticas oferecidas pelo mesmo. Pelo próprio caráter complexo e dinâmico dos caminhos rizomáticos do ambiente em questão fica difícil prever ou mapear toda a gama de possibilidades que o ciberespaço tem a oferecer para a criatividade jammer. No entanto, o observado nesta pesquisa leva a crer que a fonte mais indicada para ampliar e melhor explorar a criatividade dentro do ciberespaço está nos caminhos que estão sendo abertos pela ciberarte. A aposta deste trabalho está no decorrer do tempo. Quanto mais íntimos os jammers estiverem do espaço virtual, maior será a sua capacidade de explorar o aspecto criativo da prática dentro do ciberespaço

Wireless communication today is a modern way to transport data from one location to another. One of the drawbacks of this feature is that a signal jammer can disrupt communications between the receiver and transmitter since the radio waves travel in the open air. This drawback can be exploited in both military and civilian applications. This thesis will aim on how to locate this kind of transmitting signal jammer over an open field using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that searches the designated area with the assumption of line of sight between the UAV and the transmitting jammer. Two different methods will be investigated with different techniques, antennas and flight patterns. / Trådlös kommunikation idag är den moderna tidens sätt att transportera data från en plats till en annan. En nackdel med det är att en störsändare kan förhindra kommunikation mellan den sändande och mottagande antennen. Denna nackdel kan utnyttjas både inom militära och civila tillämpningar. Detta examensarbete undersöker två metoder för att lokalisera en störsändare över ett öppet fält med hjälp av en drönare, då fri sikt råder mellan drönare och störsändare. Dessa två olika metoder är baserade på olika tekniker, antenner och flygmönster.

According to the United Nations, improvised explosive devices (ieds) kill thousandsof people every year and disrupt military work. Therefore, it is of interest to in-vestigate how an ied can be neutralized safely. With an autonomous uav, it ispossible to jam a radio controlled ied (rcied) if the uav can land close enough,making the rcied unable to be triggered remotely. If the radio connected to thedevice uses mixers and is poorly shielded, it is possible to detect and localize thercied with unintentional stimulated emission (sue). It is possible to use an uav,with a radio transmitter and radio receiver, to do so as long as the uav can trans-mit a stimulating signal with enough power. Drawing this power from the uav’sonboard battery decreases the uavs maximal flight time. Simulations suggestthat it is possible to localize a radio using a uav with an error of 2.5 meters.

This thesis presents a new approach to extend and reduce the transmission range in wireless systems. Conditioning is defined as purposeful electromagnetic interference that affects a wireless signal as it propagates through the air. This interference can be used constructively to enhance a signal and increase its energy, or destructively to reduce energy. The constraints and limitations of the technology are described as a system model, and a flow chart is used to describe the circuit process. Remaining theoretical in nature, practical circuit implementations are foregone in the interest of elementary simulations depicting the interactions of modulated signals as they experience phase mismatch. Amplitude modulation and frequency modulation are explored with using both positive and negative conditioning, and conclusions to whether one is more suitable than the other are made.

In this dissertation, joint detection-state estimation and secure signal processing are studied. Detection and state estimation are two important research topics in surveillance systems. The detection problems investigated in this dissertation include object detection and fault detection. The goal of object detection is to determine the presence or absence of an object under measurement uncertainty. The aim of fault detection is to determine whether or not the measurements are provided by faulty sensors. State estimation is to estimate the states of moving objects from measurements with random measurement noise or disturbance, which typically consist of their positions and velocities over time. Detection and state estimation are typically implemented separately and state estimation is usually performed after the decision is made. In this two-stage approach, missed detection and false alarms in detection stage decrease accuracy of state estimation. In this dissertation, several joint detection and state estimation algorithms are proposed. Secure signal processing is indispensable in dynamic systems especially when an adversary exists. In this dissertation, the developed joint fault detection and state estimation approach is used to detect attacks launched by an adversary on the system and improve state estimation accuracy. The security problem in satellite communication systems is studied and a minimax anti-jammer is designed in a frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)/quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) satellite communication system.

A beamforming antenna array is a set of antennas whose outputs are weighted by complex values and combined to form the array output. The effect of the complex valued weights is to steer lobes and nulls of the array pattern to desired directions. These directions may be unknown and so the antenna weights must be adjusted adaptively until some measure of array performance is improved, indicating proper lobe or null placement. An adaptive algorithm to adjust the complex weights of an antenna array is presented that nulls high power signals while allowing reception of GPS signals as long as the signals arrive from different directions. The GPS signals are spread spectrum modulated and have very low average power, on the order of background thermal noise. Simulations of the adaptive algorithm minimize the output power of the array to within 5 dB of the background noise level. The adaptive algorithm, named the Hilbert-space-based (HSB) gradient method, is based on the steepest descent algorithm and implements an efficient, exact gradient calculation. With M antennas in the array, only M − 1 weights are adjustable; one antenna weight is held constant to prevent the algorithm from minimizing the output power trivially by zeroing all weights thus preventing the reception of any signal by the array. It appears that M − 1 adjustable antenna weights can null M − 1 unwanted signals (jammers). However, in the course of the algorithm development, a few configurations of antennas and jammer arrival directions were found where this is not true. Even when the jammer arrival directions are known (‘oracle’) certain configurations are mathematically impossible to cancel. The oracle solution has a matrix formulation and under certain conditions an exact solution for antenna weights to annihilate the jammers can be found. This provides an excellent comparison tool to assess the performance of other adaptive algorithms. The HSB gradient adaptive algorithm and the oracle solution are both implemented in Matlab. Outputs of both are plotted for comparison.

<p>In this thesis, a new way of using predisortion for linearization of power amplifiers is evaluated. In order to achieve an adequate power level for the jamming signal, power amplifiers are used in military jamming systems. Due to the nonlinear characteristic of the power amplifier, distortion will be present at the output. As a consequence, unwanted frequencies are subject to jamming. To decrease the distortion, linearization of the power amplifier is necessary. </p><p>In the system of interest, a portion of the distorted power amplifier output signal is fed back. Using this measurement, a predistortion signal is synthesized to allow suppression of the unwanted frequency components. The predistortion signal is updated a number of times in order to achieve a good outcome. Simulations are carried out in Matlab for testing of the algorithm. </p><p>The evaluation of the new linearization technique shows promising results and that good suppression of distortion components is achieved. Furthermore, new predistortion features are possible to implement, such as predistorsion in selected frequency bands. However, real hardware testing needs to be carried out to confirm the results.</p>

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique has been extensively used in digital wireless communications, such as Digital Broadcasting and wireless local area network (WLAN). It is considered to be one of the most promising techniques for transmission on the downlinks of broadband wireless access systems to combat multipath and multiple access interference (MAI). Spatial processing that exploits the diversity provided by smart antenna (SA) or intelligent antenna (IA) arrays, in which the adaptive beamformer is employed, is another alternatives to increase the efficiency of wireless system capacity and performance without allocating additional frequency spectrum. It allows the system to make full use of spatial diversity due to multiple antennas [5][6]. To further improve the performance for suppressing various interference sources; including narrowband and wideband interference, flat and frequency selective fading, for different channel environmentin. In this thesis, a smart antenna with wideband beamspace approach array beamformer associated with the slideing window (SW) linearly constrained RLS (SW-LC-RLS) algorithm, and the OFDM systems with smart antenna array are emhasized. Computer simulation results confirmed that our proposed scheme could achieve desired performance compared with the conventional approach, in terms of MAI and other interference suppression.

Spatial processing that exploits the diversity provided by smart antenna arrays, in which the adaptive beamformer is employed, is another alternative to increase the efficiency of wireless system capacity and performance without allocating additional frequency spectrum. An array beamformer is a processor used in conjunction with an array of sensors to provide a versatile form of spatial filtering; it can be designed to form main lobe in direction corresponding to the desired source and nulling the interferences from others direction. They are two types of adaptive array beamformer structures, viz., broadband and narrowband array structures. To deal with the wideband desired signal or interferences the broadband array beamformer is preferred. For broadband interferences suppression, many adaptive array beamforming algorithms, based on the linearly constrained have been extensively used. In this thesis, the beamspace approach for designing the broadband antenna array beamformer, with frequency invariant character, is devised and implemented with the sliding window linearly constrained RLS (SW-LC-RLS) algorithm, to deal with the broadband moving jammers (or interferences) suppression. Also, to combat the pointing error effect of desired user¡¦s look direction, the derivative constraint is adopted for devising the derivative SW-LC-RLS beamforming algorithm for broadband moving jammers suppression. Computer simulation results confirmed that the proposed scheme is more robust against the moving jammers over the conventional algorithms. It can be applied to the existing wideband wireless communications systems to achieve desired performance for supporting high data rate communication services.