Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 M39 / Master of Science

It has been established that regardless of the fact that journalism in not a one-gender- profession anymore, news is still defined from a male perspective. A number of studies through the years examined the news content and determined that it continued male.Though news veterans acknowledge significant changes in m coming of women to the newsrooms, those changes sometimes are hard to detect on the personal level. Male and female reporters claim that even though gender can affect their approach to reporting, the final product they produce does not have gender marked on it. The present Q study is examined whether gender has an influence on reporter’s preferences in choosing a topic while covering gender-neutral issues. The participants of the study were 17 employees of the major Ukrainian TV channel "Novy Kanal.” In February of 2003 they were e-mailed 50 story ideas (constructed to include either two of five news values, such as magnitude, conflict, oddity, prominence and impact) and asked them to sort them according to their desire to cover these topics. Fourteen journalists and three editors responded. In May 2003 the sorts were analyzed with the PQMethod program, and three factors emerged representing three groups of people (Maximalists, Conservatives and Commoners) with different attitudes toward gender-neutral issues. The Maximalists, the largest group consisted only of reporters, were a sensation-oriented group of people. Magnitude and conflict were the most important news values for this factor. The Conservatives were characterized by the strong inclination towards official news, where conflict and impact played an important role. The Commoners preferred the human interest stories with oddity and impact.Each group consisted of an even number of men and women, and thus the study failed to support the notion that males and females share different attitudes toward neutral issues. No discrimination was evident toward women stories on the “Navy Kanal” TV channel. Surprisingly, men were more likely than women to choose active participants or acted as newsmakers.The findings suggested that it is women who are creating problems for the feminist movement, not men. Women correspondents at "Novy Kanal" are more immersed in patriarchal values than their male colleagues. / Department of Journalism

During World War II, Lee Miller was an accredited war correspondent for Vogue magazine. Miller was trained as a surrealist photographer by Man Ray, and her wartime work, both photographic and written, is indicative of a combination of journalism and surrealism. This thesis examines Lee Miller's war correspondence within the context of Vogue magazine, establishing parallels between the photographs and writing to determine how surrealism informs it stylistically and ideologically. Using surrealist techniques of juxtaposition and an unmanipulated photographic style, and the surrealist concepts of the Marvelous and Convulsive Beauty, Miller presented the war as a surreality, or a surreal reality. This study concludes by using Miller's approach to suggest a new concept of journalistic practice: surrealist journalism.

The modern environment regarding the media and its scenery has changed. Throughout time, in terms of political standpoint, the press seems to have become homogenous regarding both ownership and divergence; and while the link between politics and the press are seemingly decreasing, larger companies and corporate groups focusing primarily on economy and profit has conceivably taken over. Centrally located, enclosed by this phenomenon remain the journalists. An occupational group which in the name of democracy seems to have taken the initiative to survey and inspect society as a whole. This study aim to conceptualize how parts of this group are reflecting on their occupation, how they reflect on the media regarding its democratic value and foremost how journalists reflect on professionalized journalism in which they sustain to be working by. By examining articles of The Swedish Union of Journalist’s Journal Journalisten, which is examined using a content analysis, specifically Framing Theory and The Swedish Union of Journalist’s outset of 1972, findings suggest that the environment by which journalists are working in and their commitment to professionalized journalism appear to clash, which in terms of media as a whole make its democratic role rather uncertain.

It is the purpose of this study to determine the status of instruction in non-technical television techniques and procedures in the senior colleges of Texas as well as a corresponding investigation into the offerings of out-of-state colleges and universities. Furthermore, this study is concerned with the future plans of these Texas universities and colleges relative to non-technical television instruction, as well as with determining some of the employee-qualifications sought by commercial telecasters now operating in Texas. A third phase of this study deals with a suggested curriculum in non-technical television procedures and techniques.

This study is concerned with determining the effects that video display terminal use had on reporters' and editors' attitudes toward their jobs and the machines themselves. Data for this investigation were obtained with questionnaires returned from seventy-one reporters and editors who use video terminals in their daily work. Questionnaire data were supplemented with interview data from thirteen questionnaire respondents, Ten hypotheses in five categories were tested with the t test. Four additional hypotheses were tested with raw data. Findings showed that video terminal use enhanced perceived job professionalism and made respondents think they should make more money. Attitudes toward video terminals improved after use of the devices, and respondents recognized the value of video terminal training in college,

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

En l’absence d’une définition consensuelle ou d’une essence évidente, ce à quoi il est fait référence lorsque nous employons le terme « journalisme » fait écho à une figure du passé, à une image antérieure, celle-ci constituant une sorte de jauge, un mètre étalon à partir duquel nous nous positionnons plus ou moins explicitement. Ce mètre étalon pèse fortement sur nos conceptions présentes. D’où la nécessité, pour y voir clair aujourd’hui, de mettre à jour le processus d’élaboration de l’objet « journalisme » à travers le temps, en étudiant le discours historiographique sur ce thème. C’est dans cette perspective qu’a été mobilisée la notion de « régimes d’historicités ». Plusieurs de ces régimes se superposent : de la référence fondatrice de la presse écrite, en passant par l’arrimage du journalisme avec l’idéal de l’instauration de la liberté politique au sein de l’espace public, jusqu’à l’émergence, relativement récente dans l’historiographie, d’un prisme « professionnel » portant notamment une attention particulière aux acteurs de la sphère journalistique. Loin d’être figés ou statiques, ces régimes d’historicité, toile de fond à partir de laquelle nous pensons actuellement le journalisme, sont remis en cause et réinventés par les questionnements liés aux évolutions récentes, principalement l’émergence d’Internet. En bousculant les référents anciens, ces évolutions actuelles déplacent en retour les cadres et les bases historiques qui sous-tendaient jusqu’ici l’analyse du journalisme, un tel glissement offrant un nouveau prisme (et peut-être un nouveau régime d’historicité) à la lecture des pratiques et des identités journalistiques contemporaines. / In the absence of an accepted definition or an undeniable essence of what is being described by the term “journalism,” when it is used it seemingly refers to a figure or representation of the past which becomes a gauge against which current studies position themselves more or less explicitly. Such a standard weighs heavily on present-day conceptions of the press, which is why it has become necessary to study the process through which “journalism” has been constructed as an object of research, notably through the examination of historiographic discourse on the subject.It is for this reason that the notion of “cycles of historicity” has been developed. Several of these cycles overlap: references to the founding of the written press; perceptions of the grounding of journalism in the ideal of political liberty extended to the public sphere; relatively recent historiographical interpretations of journalistic “professionalism” which pay special attention to the actors in the field. These cycles of historicity are far from static or immobile; they provide the backdrop for the ways in which journalism is perceived, and which are now being called into question by the appearance of recent evolutions notably brought to light by the Internet. By shaking the foundations of former models, these evolutions are reshaping the framework of the historical analysis of journalism, thus offering new approaches and perspectives to the study of contemporary journalistic practices and identities – perhaps even opening the door to a new cycle of historicity.

In this paper, I deal with the issue of press conferences after matches of 1st soccer league. My goal is in the first place to describe press conferences as a part of public relations and as one of main and most important categories of respondents interacting with journalists. In the first part of my master thesis I examine sports journalism and its specifics and differences against other fields of this profession. For research itself I used techniques of observation and questioning, but mainly I worked with the data gained during interviews and information obtained by myself, as an involved observer. During my observation I have visited 14 press conferences throughout one season of 1st soccer league in total that took place all around Czech Republic. The goals of researching these events were its course, specifically how long the events were and in which environment, but also what are the rules for its organisation and how those rules are complied. Another subject of my research was a position of a spokespersons and work of journalists, whose job is to question. I was also interested in a manner of questioning and topics of questions in this area. Among main conclusions of my thesis there is significantly larger focus of media on the three biggest Czech soccer teams which are Slavia Prague, Sparta...

Esta tese investiga e procura responder a duas hipóteses de pesquisa: a) Os profissionais do jornalismo estão migrando das mídias tradicionais (impresso, rádio e TV) para novas mídias, principalmente para os blogs. b) Os jornalistas adotaram e estão migrando para os blogs em busca de maior autonomia, independência, liberdade de expressão e realização profissional. O referencial teórico que orientou este estudo conceitua o trabalho e a comunicação como atividade humana, ergológica (Schwartz), constitutiva da ontologia do ser social (Marx). O trabalho jornalístico é abordado a partir desse referencial teórico, para destacar como os processos produtivos nessa área profissional foram transformados pelas tecnologias, técnicas e organização diferenciadas das rotinas produtivas. Toma-se o conceito clássico de jornalismo e de sua deontologia e analisa-se seu desenvolvimento ao longo do século XX e início de XXI à luz das mudanças ocorridas a partir da globalização, do mundo do trabalho do jornalista e da organização das empresas de comunicação na contemporaneidade. Os valores humanistas que fundam o campo jornalístico são questionados em relação aos valores da sociedade de consumo, da informação e do espetáculo. Do ponto de vista metodológico, os procedimentos são: levantamento bibliográfico pertinente aos conceitos envolvidos e, também, o estudo empírico de casos e a observação de jornalistas experientes que migraram para os blogs como nova opção profissional. Como resultado, foi constatado que os jornalistas migraram para os blogs em busca de autonomia, entre outros motivos, mas encontraram obstáculos que os impede de exercer a plena liberdade de expressão no novo meio, como o cerceamento financeiro e o judicial. Além disso, estão em busca de novos arranjos econômicos que possibilite o pleno exercício da profissão nos blogs. / This thesis investigates and seeks to answer two research hypotheses: a) The journalism professionals are migrating from traditional media (print, radio and TV) to new media, especially for blogs. b) Journalists have adopted and are migrating to blogs in search of greater autonomy, independence, freedom of expression and professional achievement. The theoretical framework that guided this study conceptualizes the work and communication as a human activity, ergologic (Schwartz), a constituent of the ontology of social being (Marx). The journalistic work is approached from this theoretical framework, to highlight how the production processes in this professional area were transformed by technology, techniques and differentiated organization of productive routines. One takes the classical concept of journalism and its ethics and analyzes its development throughout the twentieth century and early twenty-first in the light of the changes brought about by the globalization, the journalist\'s job in the world and the organization of communication companies in the contemporaneity. The humanist values that founded the journalistic field are questioned in relation to the values of the consumer society, information and spectacle. From a methodological point of view, the procedures are: relevant literature to concepts involved and also the empirical case studies and observation of experienced journalists who migrated to blogs as a new career option. As a result, it was found that journalists migrated to the blogs in search of independence, among other reasons, but found obstacles that prevent them from exercising full freedom of expression in the new medium, as the financial restriction and the judicial. They are also looking for new economic arrangements that will allow the full exercise of the profession in blogs.