Most studies done on the subject of this mini-dissertation have only focused on the differences in chronological detail and text – searching for the facts behind the different accounts. Much attention has thus been paid to the historicity of the various texts and the way in which the different accounts affect each others credibility. But is this the only research to be done? The contention of this mini-dissertation is that to only look at the different texts surrounding Sennacherib’s third campaign through the eyes of a modern historian is to lose the unique and significant message that the various texts wanted to convey. An event only forms part of the construction of a meaningful whole by the author; thus it can be found in various stories at different places and with varying significance attached to it, without meaning that the account of which it forms a part is neither important nor historical. It only means that the authors of the various ancient accounts wanted to achieve different outcomes with their retelling of the original story. For this reason it is important to be able to enter the world represented in, and the mind of the writer of, the ancient texts – allowing the ideology and intentions of the author to be brought to the fore and the text to speak with its own voice, not that of the modern historian. To achieve this requires knowledge of the different symbols, concepts and the meanings attached to them by the ancient societies – shifting the attention to the texts themselves by looking at the way in which the events were narrated as well as what events were narrated; thus revealing the ultimate meaning and purpose of the various texts. The intention of this mini-dissertation is to study the various texts from the underdeveloped angle discussed above, namely ideology and social values. In doing so it is proposed that a new significance will be revealed for the various texts. Research done on the subject of this mini-dissertation has mostly focused on whether there was a single campaign in 701 BC; or two campaigns, one in 701 and one later; or whether chronological difficulties should be explained as arising from the perspective of an author who wrote much later than the actual events occurred. Most studies have only focused on the differences in chronological detail and text – searching for the facts behind the different accounts. Much attention has thus been paid to the historicity of the various texts and the way in which the different accounts affect each others credibility. But is this the only research to be done? The contention of this mini-dissertation is that to only look at the different texts surrounding Sennacherib’s third campaign through the eyes of a modern historian is to lose the unique and significant message that the various texts wanted to convey. An event only forms part of the construction of a meaningful whole by the author; thus it can be found in various stories at different places and with varying significance attached to it, without meaning that the account of which it forms a part is neither important nor historical. It only means that the authors of the various ancient accounts wanted to achieve different outcomes with their retelling of the original story. For this reason it is important to be able to enter the world represented in, and the mind of the writer of, the ancient texts – allowing the ideology and intentions of the author to be brought to the fore and the text to speak with its own voice, not that of the modern historian. To achieve this requires knowledge of the different symbols, concepts and the meanings attached to them by the ancient societies – shifting the attention to the texts themselves by looking at the way in which the events were narrated as well as what events were narrated; thus revealing the ultimate meaning and purpose of the various texts. The intention of this mini-dissertation is to study the various texts from the underdeveloped angle discussed above, namely ideology and social values. The question as to why the various narratives were written as they were will be the focus of this work, pushing aside the modern paradigm and analytical methods which so often focus on the idiosyncrasies instead of the commonalities. In doing so it is proposed that a new significance will be revealed for the various texts. / Dissertation (MA (Ancient Languages and Cultures))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Ancient Languages / unrestricted

The battle for traditional leadership successions continue to have negative effects on many Tribal Authority Councils across Africa, for example, the Valoyi Tribe, part of Tsonga/Shangaan nation in South Africa, and the Godban chieftaincy conflict in the northern town of Yendi in Ghana. Community conflicts related to chieftaincy positions across South Africa are apparent. This study was an attempt to explore and describe the dynamics of the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict in Mthonjana village, Mqanduli. The analysis focused on exploring the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict in terms of conflict and conflict process theory. This explorative study sought to explore and describe the perceptions of eight ad hoc committee members (government officials) who had been involved with attempting to resolve the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict. The researcher conducted extensive face-to-face interviews with these committee members and thoroughly studied the necessary documents that informed the study. Thematic data analysis revealed latent conflict, conflict emergence, conflict escalation, conflict stalemate, and conflict de-escalation, as key conflict phases in the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict. A number of recommendations are made about how those in authority could better manage communal conflict. The recommendations may, for instance, be used in the formulation of policies to influence better conflict management by government and help the Eastern Cape House of Traditional Leaders to manage communal conflicts better and to facilitate public education programmes about issues relating to birthright leadership positions and lineage procedures.

The thesis aims to determine the influence on the development and preservation of traditional folk culture which had the inscription of two cultural assets, The Ride of kings and The Slovácko verbuňk, on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in the region of Slovácko. In general the thesis also introduces applicable regulations of UNESCO in the field of intangible cultural heritage and their application in the Czech Republic. In more detail, the thesis devotes to the process of inscription of both cultural assets on the Representative List of UNESCO, particularly to the safeguarding measures and obligations arising from it for the Czech Republic. In conclusion the thesis explains how these safeguarding measures are met, and analyzes the impact of the entry to the UNESCO for assets themselves and their recipients and for general public.

A k-king in a digraph D is a vertex that can reach every other vertex in D by a directed path of length at most k. A king is a vertex that is a k-king for some k. We will look at kings in the direct product of digraphs and characterize a relationship between kings in the product and kings in the factors. This is a continuation of a project in which a similar characterization is found for the cartesian product of digraphs, the strong product of digraphs, and the lexicographic product of digraphs.

This thesis will examine the succession to the Islamic Caliphate as it existed during the time of the orthodox Caliphs (632-661).

In 1935 I first visited the Kings Canyon area. Since then I have spent many hours wandering through the woods and over the mountains in the area around the old General Grant National Park and the country which is now included in the Kings Canyon National Park. To my knowledge, no complete flora has been made for this vicinity. I consider the following pages to be the beginning of a fascinating work. It is the beginning because this paper includes only plants with woody stems.

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German text / Die Frage nach der Bedeutung Elias hat schon viele Ausleger beschäftigt. Von ihm wird zwar nur innerhalb des Königebuches berichtet, aber Wundertaten und Himmelfahrt machen sein Wirken außergewöhnlich. Außerdem sind seine Nachwirkungen im Alten und Neuen Testament, sowie in Judentum und Christentum bemerkenswert. Der Großteil der Elia-Forschung liegt im Bereich der historisch-kritischen Methodik. Die Ergebnisse sind dabei nicht einheitlich. Größere Abschnitte als Gesamtheit wurden bisher nur selten untersucht. In dieser Arbeit wird der Frage durch eine literarisch-exegetische Analyse des Textabschnitts 1. Könige 16,29 – 2. Könige 2,25 nachgegangen. Dabei wird deutlich, dass auf Grundlage des vorliegenden Endtextes die Bedeutung Elias in seiner Funktion als Vertreter JHWHs liegt, der für die Rückkehr Israels zum Bund mit JHWH eintritt. Es zeigt sich eine theologische Linie von Mose über Elia hin zu Jesus. Die Nachwirkungen Elias sind aber nicht allein darauf zurückzuführen. Sie hängen auch mit dem Bericht über Wundertaten und Himmelfahrt zusammen. / The question of Elijah’s significance has piqued the interest of many scholars. Although his story is reported only in Kings, the miracles he performed and his ascension to heaven make his ministry extraordinary, and the effects of his ministry in the OT, the NT, Judaism and Christianity are noteworthy. Most research of Elijah is carried out with a historical-critical methodology. The results of this research are not consistent. This work approaches the topic through a literary-exegetical analysis of 1 Kings 16,29 – 2 Kings 2,25. On the basis of this text it becomes apparent that Elijah’s significance lies in his function as YHWH’s representative who attempts to bring Israel back to her covenant with YHWH. A theological continuum from Moses through Elijah to Jesus reveals itself. The repercussions of Elijah’s ministry are traced back not only to this, but also to the report of his miracles and ascension to heaven. / Old Testament & Ancient Near Eastern Studies / M. Th. (Old Testament)